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  • Orifuce Meter

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    Pooja Narwat
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    An orifice meter uses a restriction, such as a thin circular plate with a hole, placed in a pipeline to cause a pressure drop that corresponds to flow rate. It works based on Bernoulli's principle, where the pressure builds up upstream of the orifice and drops at the orifice, with the maximum velocity occurring at the vena contracta downstream. The difference in upstream and downstream pressures is measured by a differential pressure sensor like a U-tube manometer to determine flow rate. Orifice meters have a simple construction, are inexpensive, and can accurately measure flow in large pipes, though they have high pressure losses and are susceptible to inaccuracies from erosion or corrosion over time.

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    Orifice meter used in flow measurement

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    Orifuce meter

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    An orifice meter uses a restriction, such as a thin circular plate with a hole, placed in a pipeline to cause a pressure drop that corresponds to flow rate. It works based on Bernoulli's principle, where the pressure builds up upstream of the orifice and drops at the orifice, with the maximum velocity occurring at the vena contracta downstream. The difference in upstream and downstream pressures is measured by a differential pressure sensor like a U-tube manometer to determine flow rate. Orifice meters have a simple construction, are inexpensive, and can accurately measure flow in large pipes, though they have high pressure losses and are susceptible to inaccuracies from erosion or corrosion over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    12 views10 pages

    Orifuce Meter

    Uploaded by

    Pooja Narwat
    An orifice meter uses a restriction, such as a thin circular plate with a hole, placed in a pipeline to cause a pressure drop that corresponds to flow rate. It works based on Bernoulli's principle, where the pressure builds up upstream of the orifice and drops at the orifice, with the maximum velocity occurring at the vena contracta downstream. The difference in upstream and downstream pressures is measured by a differential pressure sensor like a U-tube manometer to determine flow rate. Orifice meters have a simple construction, are inexpensive, and can accurately measure flow in large pipes, though they have high pressure losses and are susceptible to inaccuracies from erosion or corrosion over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

    ORIFICE METER

    Presented by:
    MAHIMA
    Roll no.-2017111
    Theory of Fixed Restriction Variable Head
    Type Flowmeters
    In the variable head type flow meters, a restriction of known
    dimensions is generally introduced into pipeline, consequently
    there occurs a head loss or pressure drop at the restriction with
    increase in the flow velocity. Measurement of this pressure drop
    is an indication of the flow rate .

    FLOW RATE:

    Where Cd is the discharge coefficient


    INTRODUCTION
    >An Orifice flow meter is the most common head type flow measuring
    device.
    >Also known as Obstruction meters.
    >It acts as obstruction in fluid flow causing change in fluid pressure
    which is proportional to rate of flow.
    >By measuring the difference in flow before and after the obstruction by
    means of differential pressure sensor ,rate of flow can be determined.
    CONSTRUCION
    >It consist of a horizontal pipe and
    a thin ,circular plate with a hole in
    it.
    >Diameter of orifice is genrally 0.5
    times diameter of pipe.
    >Upstream-sharp,square edge .
    >Differential pressure sensor U-
    tube manometer.
    Principle
    >It follows the bernoulli’s principle.
    >Total energy =pressure energy +kinetic energy
    +potential energy=constant
    Working
    >When a fluid passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up
    slightly at upstream of the orifice.
    >At a : Pressure is maximum and velocity is minimum.
    >At b(Vena Contracta): Pressure is minimum and velocity is
    maximum.
    > Difference in pressure is measured by U-tube manometer and
    then rate of flow can be calculated .
    Other shapes of orifice plate
    Advantages and disadvantages

    Advantages Disadvantages

     They have a simple construction.  Pressure recovery is very


     They are cheap. poor,i.e. pressure losses are high.
     The Orifice is small plates and  Susceptible to inaccuracies
    easy to install/remove and takes resulting from
    almost no space. erosion,corrosion,etc.
     It can be used to measure flow  It may be damaged by pressure
    rates in large pipes. transients because of its lower
    physical strength.
     High energy loss due to friction
    Applications
     Used in chemical, petro chemical.
     Water treatment plants.
     Power generation, gas generation and distribution.
     Oil filtration plants.
    THANK YOU

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