CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

TEST METHODS FOR REFLECTORIZED TRAFFIC PAINTS

(WHITE AND YELLOW)

Thermoplastic is a pavement material that is 100% solid,
environmentally and user safe compound. A mixture of glass beads,
pigments, binder and filler materials, as is name suggests becomes liquid
when heat is applied. Glass beads provide the retro reflectivity necessary of
its bright night appearance. Pigments provide the color and opacity. Binder is
a mixture of plasticizer and resins that provide toughness, flexibility, and
bond strength while holding all the components together. Fillers such as
calcium carbonate, sand and/or other inert substances that provide bulk.

SIGNIFICANCE:
To determine the quality of paints as basis for acceptance.

APPARATUS:
1. Density Cup
2. Analytical Balance
3. Paint Brush
4. Watch Glass
5. Plate glass panel (100mm x 200mm x3mm)
6. Desiccators
7. Oven with temperature control
8. Furnace
9. Wheel and Ramp Apparatus
10.Beaker, 500ml
11.Centrifuge Machine equipped with tubes
12.Stirring Rod
13.Sieves
14.Flasks, Erlenmeyer, 250ml cap
15.Volumetric flask, 1000ml cap

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa

Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 1
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa

Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 2
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Reagents:
1. Sodium Sulfate
2. Sulfuric acid
3. Ammonium Hydroxide
4. Sodium Chloride solution
5. Potassium Iodide
6. Hydrochloric Acid
7. Sodium Thiosulfate solution
8. Starch Solution
9. Solvent
10. Benzene
11. Toluene
12. Xylene
13. Acetone
14. Gasoline

PROCEDURE:

PREPAPRATION OF SAMPLE:
1. Weigh the original Sample
2. Open the container, and note the odor and condition of the
contents.
3. Pour off the thin portion of the paint sample into another
container.
4. Stir the settled paste with the use of paddle and break
lumps if any,
5. Mix thoroughly using a figure 8 motion, followed by lifting
and beating motion.
6. Continue stirring while gradually returning the poured off
portion to the original container.
7. Pour the paint several times back and forth from one mixed
sample in the second container. Close tightly to minimize
evaporation,
8. Clean the original container, wipe dry, and weigh.
9. Get the net weight of the contents.

PROCEDURE FOR PHYSICAL TEST:

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa
Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 3
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
 CALIBRATION OF DENSITY CUP

- Weigh empty cup with cover (grams)

- Fill with water and weigh (grams)

 SPECIFIC GRAVITY
- Place the representative sample in a density cup half-f full and
weigh.
- Fill the water in the remaining portion until full, and weigh.
- Compute unit mass in kg per liter

COMPUTATION:

Where:

a = mass of empty pyenometer, g (obtained in calibration)

b = mass of pyenometer filled with H2O, g (obtained in calibration)

c = mass of pyenometer half-filled with sample, g

d = mass of pyenometer + sample + water

EXTRACTION OF PIGMENT:
1. Weigh the empty centrifuge tube and fill with sample about
1/4 to 1/3 full of the well mixed paint and weigh.
2. Add extraction solvent, either xylene, benzene, toluene,
acetone or gasoline and mix thoroughly.
3. Place the tube in the centrifuge and whirl until the pigment
settles.
4. Pour off the liquid and refill with extraction solvent and
repeat prodeure No.3 until pigment is free from oil.
5. Dry in oven to constant weight at about 105°C
6. Compute for percent pigment.

COMPUTATION:

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa

Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 4
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Where:

a = mass of empty centrifuge, g

b = mass of centrifuge tube plus sample, g

c = mass of sample, g

d = mass of centrifuge plus dry extracted pigments, g

e = mass of pigment

Note : % Vehicle = 100- % Pigment

DRYING TIME:
1. Dip the paint brush in a sample and brush it I a glass panel
(one coat, single stroke). Record the initial time of
application and allow to dry in a horizontal position under
standard air dying condition.
2. Touch the film from time to time with gentle pressure of the
finger at points not less than 1.0 cm from the edges of the
film. The sample shall be set to touch when the gentle
pressure of the finger shows a tacky condition but none of
the film adhere to the finger.
3. After the set to touch condition has been attained, apply on
the film from time to time the maximum pressure without
twisting the film by pressing the glass between the thumb
and finger. When no marks remain on the film when it is
lightly polished, dry hard condition has been attained.

Non-Volatile Matter:
a) Prior to test, dry the glass dish and glass rod in an oven
at 105±2°Cand allow cooling at room temperature in a
desiccator, and then weigh.
b) Place in the dish approximately 2 ±0.2g of sample
together with the glass rod, then weigh. Make sure the
sample is evenlydistributed over the surface of the dish.
c) Place the dish with the rod and the test portion in the
oven at 105±2°C.
d) During the 3 hours period, remove the dish from the oven
after a short period of heating. Stir the sample with glass

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa

Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 5
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
rod to break up any surface skin, and re-place in the
oven.
e) When the heating is completed, transfer the dish and rod
in the desiccator. Allow to cool, and then weigh.

COMPUTATION:

m1 = mass of sample before heating, g

m2 = mass of sample after heating, g

% Glass Beads:
1. Weigh 250g paint sample in an empty beaker.
2. Add extraction solvent, the same as that used in extraction
of pigment. Stir and let stand overnight.
3. Decant the liquid portion. Dry the extracted beads, and
then weigh.

COMPUTATION:

Where:
a= mass of sample, g
b = mass of extracted beads, g
Note : Mass of Beads in g/ liter = % beads x Kg/liter x 1000

Grading of beads:
1. Pass a 50g sample of dried beads in a 0.212mm (No. 70)
0.186mm (#80) and 0.063mm (#230) series.
2. Weight the amount of beads in individual sieve size.
3. Compute for the percentage passing.

PROCEDURE FOR CHEMICAL TEST:

 EXTRACTED PIGMENT ANALYSIS

 TEST FOR TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa
Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 6
 CHAPTER IV: MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
a) Weigh 0.5g of extracted pigment in a beaker.
b) Add 5 to 7g of Sodium and 20ml of Sulphuric Acid.
c) Cover with watch glass and heat to boiling until solution is
clear and allow to cool.
d) Dilute with 150ml of water.
e) Filter and discard residue.
f) To the filtrate, add ammonium hydroxide and stir until
precipitate occurs. Filter. Discard filtrate and ignite the
residue in a muffled furnace.
g) Weigh and compute for % Titanium Dioxide.

COMPUTATION:

Where:
a= weight of original sample, g
b = weight of ignite residue, g
Note : % Extender = % Pigment-(% Glass Beads+ % Titanium Dioxide)

Submitted by: Ma. Claudine F. Verzosa

Carl Harvey Heriet Q. Saludes Page 7