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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
India is tackling head-on the challenges posed by the increasing scarcity of
water resources and a rapid increase in waste production. The causes of these new
challenges are climate change, a rapidly increasing population and growing
urbanisation, combined with fast economic and industrial growth. By providing
solutions for sustainable management of the country’s resources, SUEZ is a key
partner for local authorities and industry. India is facing major hygiene and
environmental challenges. Currently, 163 million Indians do not have safe access to
drinking water. Only 16% of households (27 million homes) benefit from a water
distribution system. By 2020, India is likely to feature on the list of countries with
water shortages. Waste management is also a key concern. Of the 62 million tonnes
of waste produced every year, only 20% is treated and 30 million tonnes end up as
landfill.
In 2050, 50% of Indians will live in a city. By 2030, seven major cities
including New Delhi will be home to 36 million people. Faced with rapidly rising
urbanisation, the water treatment facilities in a number of cities have become
inadequate.70% of urban wastewater and 50% of industrial effluents are not treated.
Protection of water sources (rivers, water tables etc.) from pollution caused by
untreated wastewater is a significant hygiene and environmental challenge. By 2030,
demand for industrial water will have doubled, yet water resources are becoming
scarcer. Annual growth in the country’s demand for industrial water is likely to reach
4.5% within the next 15 years, taking total demand to 120 billion cubic metres.
For over 30 years, SUEZ has been helping local authorities and industry to
develop resource management solutions, particularly through contracts to build and
operate facilities and to improve drinking water distribution services and by
developing alternative resources, such as by reusing wastewater. SUEZ supplies
drinking water and sanitation services to a number of large cities including New
Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore and Kolkata.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 1
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 2
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
In January 2016, SUEZ won the construction and operation contract for two
units in the TK Halli water production plant, located approximately 90km away from
Bangalore. The contract includes the construction and installation of a water
production unit of 300,000 m3 per day, and the rehabilitation of an existing unit of
300,000 m3 per day. These projects will last for 30 months and will be followed by 7-
year operation, and globally represent a turnover of 20 million euros for SUEZ. The
Group has already constructed and operates two water treatment units in this plant
since 2009, producing more than 1 million m3 of drinking water per day.
SUEZ has also won a contract for construction, design and operation of the
Kengeri wastewater treatment plant, located to the south-west of Bangalore.
Financed by the Japanese Agency for Financial Cooperation (JICA), the plant will
have a capacity of 60,000 m3 per day and will treat wastewater for over 400,000
inhabitants. Lastly, SUEZ has also assisted the city of Bangalore to improve its water
distribution services.
In 2013, the Group won an 8-year contract to optimise drinking water services
in a district of 500,000 inhabitants. SUEZ is responsible for carrying out water
distribution network diagnostics and rehabilitation in order to reduce water loss
levels, from 42% in 2013 to 16% in a period of 5 to 8 years. Additionally, the Group is
responsible for detecting leaks in a distribution system 1,750km long in the North
and East of the city, with the help of helium gas technology.
1.4 Objectives of industrial training
Main objective:
Specific objective:
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 3
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
CHAPTER 2
INDUTRY PROFILE
To enable our customers to meet increasing water demands and population needs,
overcome scarcity challenges, enhance their environmental stewardship and comply
with regulatory requirements.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 4
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Mission statement:
Natural resources are becoming scarcer and are deteriorating while demand rises.
We are designing and implementing innovative solutions to take on the 4 major
challenges of resources evolution developing access to resources, protecting these
resources, optimizing their use and producing new ones. This is how we are helping
to secure the resources essential to our future.
EHS policy
o EHS excellence
o Meeting and exceeding customer expectations
o Complying with applicable EHS laws, regulations &standards
o Achieving Providing employees with a safe and healthy working environment
o Considering EHS impacts in all SUEZ’s WTS business strategies and
initiatives.
o Managing and controlling risks from SUEZ’s WTS facilities, products, services
and activities
o Protecting the environment by reducing use of toxic and hazardous materials,
preventing pollution, and conserving, recovering& recycling materials
o Continuing to improve our EHS systems and performances an integral part of
operational strategy & rhythm
o Eliminating hazards and reducing H&S risks faced by our employees
o Communicating and consulting with our employees on the issues that concern
them.
o Reporting and auditing our environmental performance to improve
accountability
o Implementing our 10 Life Saving Rules to avoid severe accidents
Quality policy
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 5
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
2.3 Certifications:
Certification by the independent institution show customers and partners that
companies are always ready to face taxing reviews standards, and are doing so with
success. The following are the certification obtained by Suez.
ISO 9001:2015
ISO 17034:2016
ISO 17025:2015
OHSAS 18001:2007
2.4 Organizational Structure
An organization is a group of people who work together to achieve a common
goal. In order to efficiently meet their goals, company device an organizational
structure which defines how tasks are divided, grouped and co-ordinated.
In general organizational structure can be known through 3 main levels that are
Top level management
Middle level management
Lower level management
Top level management consists of Board of Directors, Presidents, Vice-
presidents, CEOs, COOs, General Managers, and Senior Managers etc., They
develop goals, Strategic plans and Company policies, and making decisions about
the directions of the business. Middle level management is the intermediate
management of an organization that is subordinate to the executive management
and responsible for at least two lower level of junior staff. Lower level management
group consists of supervisor and workers. Supervisor’s main work is to supervise the
production process and workers are those who actually carry out the production.
Supervisor passes information to the workers given by the top and middle
management and assign duties to the workers.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 6
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 7
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
CHAPTER 3
OPERATION AND PROCESSES
The water source for all stages of CWSS is river water of Cauvery. River
water is transferred to Shiva Balancing Reservoir (SBR) from Shiva Anicut located in
the left riverbank of Cauvery River as shown in Figure (about 120 km far from the
centre of Bengaluru City) through an open channel. Netkal Balancing Reservoir
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 8
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
(NBR) is connected to SBR. The conveyance pipelines with the diameters ranging
from 1,750 mm to 3,000 mm are installed from the two (2) reservoirs to TK Halli WTP
as shown in Figure
The raw water is conveyed to the water treatment plant by gravity from pipe
intake, which has been constructed in Stage IV. Figure 3.2.3 presents ground
elevations of a series of facilities from intake to ground reservoir in the city. Gottigere
GLR is located at the mouth of BBMP with the highest elevation, from which the city
trunk main for the east route is started see the location of Gottigere GLR.
Raw water from Cauvery River flows into SBR through the canal, then into
NBR. The water source amount and capacity of WTP in the various stages of the
CWSS are summarized in Table 3.2.1. The water source amount as of now based
on water right for CWSS allotted from Cauvery River is 1,460 MLD. The capacity of
WTPs at TK Halli was designed for the capacity of 1,310 MLD, but it was constructed
with some margin, a total of 1,450 MLD (see Table ) was recorded as monthly
maximum of water supply. Among these figures related to water supply capacity,
amount of water source (1,460 MLD) is used for water balance study and for facility
design 1,310 MLD is employed as practiced by BWSSB.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 9
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 10
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Intake
The water source for all stages of CWSS is river water of Cauvery. River
water is transferred to Shiva Balancing Reservoir (SBR) from Shiva Anicut located in
the left riverbank of Cauvery River as shown in Figure 3.2. (about 120 km far from
the center of Bengaluru City) through an open channel. Netkal Balancing Reservoir
(NBR) is connected to SBR. The conveyance pipelines with the diameters ranging
from 1,750 mm to 3,000 mm are installed from the two (2) reservoirs to TK Halli WTP
Cascade Aerator
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Raw water enters from the center of the aerator shaft and freely fall from the three
cascades provided at three different levels as a thin water film, during this free fall
oxidation of iron and degassing of CO2 will take place.
Pre-Chlorination:
Controls the biological growth, thereby protecting the Clarifiers and filter from
the algae growth.
Liquid chlorine is dosed with the help of chlorinators. The gas is converted
into vacuum with the help of ejectors provided as close as possible to the injecting
point at the outlet of the cascade aerator. The gas is injected in to the water with the
help of perforated diffuser laid at the bottom of the channel.
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Parshall Flume
Flash Mixers :
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Distribution Chamber:
There are four nos. distribution chambers to distribute the coagulated water
to the five pulsators. Each distribution chamber is provided with 5 penstock gates to
isolate/control flow to the Aqua DAF units.
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Aqua Daf:
DAF is a water treatment process that clarifies raw water by separating from
suspended solid with dissolving air under pressure in use of the compressor. Upon
release of the pressure, micro bubbles form in the water arise up-flow to the surface
of the water. At the same time, these micro bubbles attach to solids and lift them to
the surface, where they can be removed by a surface scraping, skimming
mechanism.
In TK Halli WTP (Stage IV Phase 2), the Alum is dosed into the raw water
canal and raw water is carried to DAF clarifiers in case the turbidity of it is above 8
NTU. Based on the interview with operators,
DAF is used during the rainy season with high turbidity of raw water and the
frequency of DAF operation in 2016 was about 20 days. Thus, the suspended
substances in raw water are removed in rapid sand filters and it brings high load to
filters.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 15
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
DAF was applied to treat the high turbidity raw water of Cauveryriver during
the monsoon seasons of CWSS Stage IV Phase 2.However, because the quality of
the raw water is relatively high most of the year, a conventional sedimentation
process which an O&M cost supposed to be lower than DAF, is recommended in this
preliminarydesign for Stage V.
Compressed Air
Polyelectrolyte
Air-Water Saturation
Vessel
Sludge accumulation
Flotation zone
Clarified
water
Hydraulic
Flocculation
Coagulated Water
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Aquazur V Filter:
The clarified water from the PULSATOR flow by gravity in to filter, where
filtration of the water takes place in a set of 24 Nos. Aquazur V Filters which are
gravity operated rapid sand filters. As water filters through the sand, the remaining
particles of suspended matter are trapped in the sand bed. In the filtration process,
water flows on top of the sand bed and travels through the bed until it is collected at
the bottom in under drains. Filtered water flows from the under drains into clear
wells.
Post-chlorination
Liquid chlorine is dosed with the help of chlorinators. The gas is converted
into vacuum with the help of ejectors provided as close as possible to the injecting
point in the treated water channel. The gas is injected in to the water with the help of
perforated diffuser laid at the bottom of the channel. To maintain the residual
chlorine 1.5 mg/l at W3 reservoir, chlorine (post) will be dosed at Backwash Water
Filling Sump. The dosage of post chlorination is around 3.0 mg/l (max.)
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 17
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
The sludge handling system comprises of the units to process the sludge
generated from the pulsator (in monsoon) & filter backwash water (non monsoon)
the sludge handling system comprises mainly of the following.
Sludge Homogenization
Sludge Thickening
Supernatant Transfer
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
The sludge withdrawn from the pulsators, flow by gravity into the wastewater
balancing tank. The collected sludge is kept under suspension with the help of a
submersible mixer.
3 No's. diaphragm type driven by a fixed speed motor with manual stroke
adjustment metering pumps are provided to dose polyelectrolyte from a
polyelectrolyte storage tank provided in dewatering building in to the thickener feed
line.
Continuous Thickener:
Supernatant Sump
The sludge after thickening is pumped with the help of 3 no’s Screw pumps
into thickened sludge sump.
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Centrifuge
Dewatering of the sludge is carried out with the help of three nos. bowl type
centrifuges. The polymer requirements are in the order of 5.0kg per ton of dry solids.
At the outlet of centrifuge sludge has a dryness of 20% of dry solids.
Chemical House
The alum solution for the coagulation of the raw water is prepared in this building.
Chemical house has six stock tanks and two dosing tanks. The mixing of the alum
solution is with the help of the air blowers.
Power supply:
Testing Facility:
A well equipped Laboratory with all the necessary equipment has been
provided. There is a provision to conduct all the required tests including Chemical
Analysis & Micro-Biological Tests, on Raw Water & Treated water, In addition to the
Laboratory there are instruments provided in the field& laboratory, to measure ON-
Line readings, the results of which will be available on SCADA system.
SCADA/Automation System
The plant has been provided with PLC based control system for continuous
operation and monitoring of the plant. Operation of key unit processes is totally
automated like Pulsators, Filters and sludge handling system. Plant can be operated
with little manual intervention.
Performance:
The plant has been designed to produce high quality treated water as
follows:
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
Actual
Name of the Parameter Design Standard Performance
pH 7- 8.5 7.7
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
INLET VALVE
W2
CHAMBER
CASCADE AERATOR
CHLORINE
(Pre-Chlorination)
ALUM
PARSHALL
FLUME
O/H FILTER
FLASH MIXER
BACKWASH TANK
CLARIFIER
BYPASS
CHANNEL
SLUDGE
AQUA DAF
WASTE WATER
BALANCING TANK
POLYELECTROLYTE
AQUAZUR-V
RAPID GRAVITY SAND
FILTERS
CONTINUOUS
SUPERNATENT
SLUDGE
SUMP
THICKENER
CHLORINE FILTER SCOUR AIR
(Post Chlorination)
FLOW METER
W2
THICKENED W3
SLUDGE STORAGE CLEAR WATER RESERVOIR
TANK (CLIENTS SCOPE)
CONTRACT : W3
FILTER
POLYELECTROLYTE BACKWASH WATER
DISCHARGE SUMP
CENTRATE
DEWATERED TO RIVER FOR DISPOSAL
SLUDGE FOR DISPOSAL
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 22
“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
CHAPTER 4
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
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3 Cotton waste maintenance Send for Half yearly Maintenance Maintenance Plant
recycling team manager manager
6 Used chemical Chemicals Send for yearly Process owner supervisor Plant
drum/barrel/container recycling/Return manager
to supplier
10 STP Sludge Sewage Use for Daily Process owner Process Plant
treatment agriculture owner manager
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
1. Suez was a leading French multinational corporation and one of the oldest
continuously existing multinational corporations in the world.
4. The laboratory has good maintenance with periodic testing of raw and treated
water in all stages of TK Halli.
5. Operation and maintenance log book is maintained for raw water, treated
water and other process components as per the standards
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
PERSONAL SUGGESTIONS
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“Processes and Environmental Management” at SUEZ Ltd, BWSSB, TK Halli.
References
• www.suezindialimited.com
• Operational procedure of WTP (BWSSB).
• O & M manual of phase 1 WTP , TK halli.
Dept. of Env. Engg. JSS Science & Technology University, Mysuru Page 29