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Tratat Mihai Eminescu (Romanian pronunciation: [miˈhaj emiˈnesku] ( listen); born Mihail Eminovici;
15 January 1850 – 15 June 1889) was a Romantic poet, novelist, and journalist, generally regarded
as the most famous and influential Romanian poet, as well as the first modern poet in Romanian
literature. Eminescu was an active member of the Junimea literary society and worked as an editor
for the newspaper Timpul ("The Time"), the official newspaper of the Conservative Party (1880–
1918).[2] His poetry was first published when he was 16 and he went to Vienna to study when he was
19. The poet's manuscripts, containing 46 volumes and approximately 14,000 pages, were offered
by Titu Maiorescu as a gift to the Romanian Academy during the meeting that was held on 25
January 1902.[3] Notable works include Luceafărul (The Vesper/The Evening Star/The Lucifer/The
Daystar), Odă în metru antic (Ode in Ancient Meter), and the five Letters (Epistles/Satires). In his
poems he frequently used metaphysical, mythological and historical subjects………
His father was Gheorghe Eminovici from Călinești, a Moldavian village in Suceava county, Bucovina,
which was then part of the Austrian Empire (while his father came from Banat). He crossed the
border into Moldavia, settling in Ipotești, near the town of Botoșani. He married Raluca Iurașcu, an
heiress of an old aristocratic Moldavian family. In a Junimea register, Eminescu wrote down his
birthday date as 22 December 1849, while in the documents of Cernăuți Gymnasium, where
Eminescu studied, his birth date is 14 December 1849. Nevertheless, Titu Maiorescu, in his
work Eminescu and His Poems (1889) quoted N. D. Giurescu's research and adopted his conclusion
regarding the date and place of Mihhvhgg.ikjhngfzfcai Eminescu's birth, as being 15 January 1850,
in Botoșani. This date resulted from several sources, among which there was a file of notes on
christenings from the archives of the Uspenia (Domnească) Church of Botoșani; inside this file, the
date of birth was "15 January 1850" and the date of christening was the 21st of the same month. The
date of his birth was confirmed by the poet's elder sister, Aglae Drogli, who affirmed that the place of
birth was the village of Ipotești.0000000000000000000000000000000000

Early years[edit]

Lui Mihai Eminescu, 1932 Oscar Han sculpture, Constanța

Mihail (as he appears in baptismal records) or Mihai (the more common form of the name that he
used) was born in Ipotești [ro], Moldavia. He spent his early childhood in Botoșani and Ipotești, in his
parents family home. From 1858 to 1866 he attended school in Cernăuți. He finished 4th grade as
the 5th of 82 students, after which he attended two years of gymnasium.
The first evidence of Eminescu as a writer is in 1866. In January of that year Romanian teacher Aron
Pumnul died and his students in Cernăuţi published a pamphlet, Lăcrămioarele învățăceilor
gimnaziaști (The Tears of the Gymnasium Students) in which a poem entitled La mormântul lui Aron
Pumnul (At the Grave of Aron Pumnul) appears, signed "M. Eminovici". On 25 February his
poem De-aș avea (If I Had) was published in Iosif Vulcan's literary magazine Familia in Pest. This
began a steady series of published poems (and the occasional translation from German). Also, it
was Iosif Vulcan, who disliked the Slavic source suffix "-ici" of the young poet's last name, that chose
for him the more apparent Romanian "nom de plume" Mihai Eminescu.
In 1867, he joined Iorgu Caragiale's troupe as a clerk and prompter; the next year he transferred
to Mihai Pascaly's troupe. Both of these were among the leading Romanian theatrical troupes of
their day, the latter including Matei Millo and Fanny Tardini-Vlădicescu [ro]. He soon settled
in Bucharest, where at the end of November he became a clerk and copyist for the National Theater.
Throughout this period, he continued to write and publish poems. He also paid his rent by translating
hundreds of pages of a book by Heinrich Theodor Rotscher, although this never resulted in a
completed work. Also at this time he began his novel Geniu pustiu (Wasted Genius), published
posthumously in 1904 in an unfinished form.
On April 1, 1869, he was one of the co-founders of the "Orient" literary circle, whose interests
included the gathering of Romanian folklore and documents relating to Romanian literary history. On
29 June, various members of the "Orient" group were commissioned to go to different provinces.
Eminescu was assigned Moldavia. That summer, he quite by chance ran into his brother Iorgu, a
military officer, in Cișmigiu Gardens, but firmly rebuffed Iorgu's attempt to get him to renew his ties to
his family.
Still in the summer of 1869, he left Pascaly's troupe and traveled to Cernăuţi and Iaşi. He renewed
ties to his family; his father promised him a regular allowance to pursue studies in Vienna in the fall.
As always, he continued to write and publish poetry; notably, on the occasion of the death of the
former ruler of Wallachia, Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei, he published a leaflet, La moartea principelui
Știrbei ("On the Death of Prince Știrbei").

1870s