ANOTASI MATERI BAHASA INGGRIS TINGKAT 1

NAMA : Susi Agustini

NIM : 1708288
KELAS : 1A
MATERIALS : Degree of Comparison
NO. TOPICS DESCRIPTIONS PAGES SOURCES
1. Degree of When we want to express the notion that a person, thing or situation has more 428- Downing,A.(2015).English
comparison or less of a quality, we can mark a gradable adjective for comparative (1) or 430 Grammar A University
superlative (2) degree.This is done grammatically in one of two ways: Course.London:Routledge.
byinflection, adding -er and -est to the base form, or analytically by the
adverbs more and most:Base form Comparative
Superlative big bigger biggest (inflectional)
comfortable more comfortable most comfortable (analytic)
Inflected forms are used with:
• Short adjectives of one syllable, and disyllabic adjectives ending in -y (hot-
hotter-
hottest; old-older-oldest; easy-easier-easiest; ugly-uglier-ugliest). Exceptions
are
right, wrong and real.
The ugliest concrete building imaginable.
• Disyllabic adjectives in -ow (narrow, shallow, hollow, mellow) can be
inflected, as
can other short adjectives ending in weak syllables such as -le (simple, able,
noble).
Analytic forms are used with:
• adjectives of more than two syllables (e.g. encouraging); and
• adjectives which are already inflected (e.g. lovable, famous, greenish,
pleased).
However, ease of pronunciation and smoothness of sound are important
factors, and speakers sometimes improvise if the result sounds acceptable.
Lewis Carroll, the creator of Alice in Wonderland, is said to have introduced
‘curiouser and curiouser’, which is still used, though jocularly, by some
speakers. Adjectives in -y which commonly take -er and -est include: happy,
lazy, cosy, crazy, dirty, empty, lucky, nasty, pretty, silly, sexy, tidy, tricky.
The letter ‘y’ is replaced by ‘i’before an inflection: happier, luckiest.The
following adjectives have suppletive forms for grades 1 and 2:good, better,
best far, farther, farthest bad, worse, worst far, further, furthest The word
further can also be used with the sense of ‘other’, ‘later’, ‘additional’: The
theatre is closed until further notice. Asking and answering questions about
degree How old is he? He’ll be ten next May. He’s nine years eight months
old now. How old is this church? It must be at least four hundred years old.
Who is taller, you or your sister? I am taller, but James, our brother, is the
tallest. The adjectives elder, eldest (alternative to older, oldest) refer only to
persons. my elder son; our eldest daughter; an elder brother or sister John is
the elder of the two. I was the second eldest The adjective elderly is not
comparative, but refers euphemistically to a person approaching old age. The
comparative degree of certain other adjectives has the value of a classifier:
junior rank (= low) inferior quality (= bad) major error (= great)
senior rank (= high) superior quality (= good) minor error (= small) your
upper/lower jaw my inner life the outer walls (of the city) There are no
inflections of lower and lowest degree corresponding to -er and -est. For this
meaning less and least are used as modifiers. The following table summarises
the grading options in English:
The scale of degree Inflectional
Grading options in English for comparative and superlative adjectives.
Adjectives and adverbs whose meanings are inherently superlative such as
unique and perfect are prescriptively banned from comparative and
superlative marking. They can be intensified by truly, absolutely, utterly,
however, to express the highest degree of a quality:
The feeling is truly unique. It was a truly unique experience

Using the language in the boxes below, complete the comparisons between 35 Walton,R.(2000).Focus on
the two couples as in the example . Advanced English C.A.E.
Spain: Graficas Estella
 Slightly nearly much /far

About twice as much as

More /less/fewer half considerably

Exactly five time as many as

A gret deal over

In grammar, these three forms are called the positive degree, the comparative 24 Eckersley.CE.(2005).Brighter
degree, and the superlative degree. A great many short adjective form their Grammar 2.Malaysia:GPS
comparative degree by adding -er, and their superlative by adding –est to the
positive
Positive comparative superlative
Tall taller the tallest
Short shorter the shortest
Quick quicker the quickest
Old older the oldest

REFERENSI:

Downing,A.(2015).English Grammar A University Course.London:Routledge

Walton,R.(2000).Focus on Advanced English C.A.E. Spain: Graficas Estella
Eckersley.CE.(2005).Brighter Grammar 2.Malaysia:GPS