Engr.

Ferdinand Delos Reyes

Graduate of: Bachelor of Science in Instrumentation and Control Engineering Batangas
State University
Instructor (Electronics, Instrumentation and Control, and Mechatronics Engineering
Department)
Certifications: National Certification for Instrumentation and Control Servicing Civil
Service Examination (CSE) for Professionals
Process Control in Measurement in Food Manufacturing Industry
 For six months you need to know what processes your company have.
 Objectives basic of process control and measurement
 terms and concepts which is involve in Process Control in Food Manufacturing
Industry
 Equipment use in food industry
 Process-method of refining or changing a raw material to a product or output
 Control- regulation or direction, command that you do in an equipment
 Process control- process that you will induced or adopt a regulation to achieve a
desired output, quantity or quality.
Objective of process control is to enhance the reliability of a process
 No. 1 objective is to improve process safety and quality
 To increase production and maximize or increase output
 Reduce the reduction of proportion units
Process measurement goals:
 measure performance variables- to ensure that the process running in the plant is
within the standard or meet the expected value or output
 process capability
 implement five why’s method- use to analyze problem in plant to prevent the
problem to occur again
Two types of process measurement
 Direct method- directly observe the output or the object which the equipment is
measuring
 Indirect method- infer process variables, such as level, pressure, temperature and
flow, speed, ph, etc. to get a target value or output
Dairy Industry processes starts with unloading of materials to packing and warehouse
1.First is to deliver the material to the unloading duct.
2 types of process
 Batch process- limited time of run of the plant
 Here there is an end-cycle cleaning which the plant operation stops for 12 hours and
clean all the pipes with cleaning solution.
 Continuous – longtime of shutdown like in oil and gas company
2.Then the material is put in a storage tank
 From the tipping area, it goes to the hopper, which ensure that supply raw material is
correct
 Mixing tank where mixing of ingredient occurs such as powder and liquid ingredient
 Pasteurizer which has a holding tube, which purpose is to kill disease causing
microorganism or pathogens which is present to the materials which is use in the
plant
 Pasteurization is important process because it ensures quality and safety of the
product
 Then Homogenizing valve which purpose is to make all particles uniform in size.
 Then it goes to high pressure pump which pipe the component in high pressure to
spray drying.
 In spray drying, the concentrate will be blown to the drying chamber which the
concentrate powderized. Before the product will go to the funnel it will go first to
different chamber which has different temperature range to ensure correct
temperature requirement.
 Then powdered concentrate will go to the fluid bed which introduce the product to
the silo.
 Silo to shifter- vibrate the product for filtration
 Magnetic trap which removes the metal particles in the powdered products to
prevent metal consumption in product
 Metal detector detects metallic particles which rejects or accept the test piece.
 Then the product will go to filling and packing area.
Ms. Thelma P. Valdez
Flexible Packaging and plastic Industrial Processes and How their company works
Licensed Chemical Technician
Technical Training Officer, (Laboratory, Packaging, Logistics) Technical Training
Department at JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation (JGSPC)
 Plastics are produced by the conversion of natural products such as rubber from
rubber tree or by the synthesis from primary chemicals mostly synthetic plastics
generally coming from oil, natural gas, or coal.
 It is a chains of molecules connected together called polymers.
 Polymeric material that has the capability of being molded or shaped.
Process of making plastics is separating the hydrocarbon chemicals from natural gas,
petroleum, or coal into pure streams of chemicals
Mostly synthetic plastics came from natural gas.
 From crude oil it will go to distillation columns which distilled according to their
boiling points
 Naphtha is the main source of making plastics.
 After distillation, raw materials molecules are converted into monomers such as
ethylene (ethene) C2H4, propylene (propene) C3H6, and butene C4H8
 Thermal cracking- high temperature, the hydrocarbon is decomposed into smaller
atom molecules then they will undergo cooling through quenching tower
 Then after cracking it will go to polymerization which is a chemical reaction in
which two or more molecules combine to form larger molecules that contain
repeating structural units
 These monomers are not the actual plastics but if they will be transform as
polyethylene, polypropylene and polybutene, they will be converted to plastics.
 After polymerization, it will go to the polymer plant which purify and removes
impurities to the raw material
 Then it goes to the reactors- look like microphone where polymerization takes
place.
 Catalyst are used to speed up the reactions
 Commonomers are used to produced the desired quality of product
 After reactor, it will go to exclusion process.
Here the product will go to extruder which melt the granules with additive
additions to make product stable.
After extrusion process, it will be cut and turn into pellets.
Coming from the extruder, it will not go directly to the packaging area, it first
goes to the storage silos which can hold 200 metric tons before it will transfer to
packaging.
PRODUCTS OF POLYMERIZATION PROCESS
HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE
Crates, shopping bags, cases, big drums
 tough and rigid product that is suitable for a diverse line of heavy - duty
industrial applications.
 excellent chemical resistance to household and industrial chemicals
 does not significantly absorb moisture, which makes it useful in packaging
applications.
LINEAR LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE
For flexible packaging, for food packaging usage
 Improved tensile strength, puncture resistance, impact and tear properties as
well as low heat seal temperature and high seal strength make LLDPE ideal for
film.
 Its outstanding environmental stress crack resistance, low temperature
impact property, and warp resistance make it also attractive for sheet
extrusion and molding applications.
RANDOM COPOLYMER POLYPROPYLENE
With a mixture of ethylene, mostly for food containers and cleared bottles
 mainly used in film, blow molding and injection molding applications where
high clarity is a requirement.
HOMOPOLYMER POLYPROPYLENE
 Pure polypropylene, mostly for making furniture
“color ability”, wear and chemical resistance as well as favorable economics
makes it the favorite material for many applications.
Once the plastic polymer is produced, it will undergo to melting and shaping process.
Two types of molding
 Injection molding- plastic pellets will go to melting process and comes out to die
where there is a mold. The extruder will filter out the mold and afterwards it will be
release as a desired product.
 Extrusion molding- there is a mold that has a die for making pipes and tubes.
 Another process is blown film which responsible for films and making of packaging
bags.
 Another process is Cast film- die is flat, the molten polymer will come out as a flat
film.

Engr. Raymark T. Manongsong

A licensed Mechanical Engineer and part of the July 2018 New Graduate Program
(NGP) of Fluor’s Piping Department. Also a current member of Fluor’s Local P4
Committee, Piping’s P4, Graduates Advancing to Professionalism (GAP) group of Fluor
Manila and 2019 Fluor University Ambassador program.
Operations Management Solutions and Industrial Processes
 Discusses about how the operation management encounters problems and what is
operation management and solutions done by different industries in accordance by
the industrial processes of their company.
 Operation management- deals with how the company operate., how you manage the
operations and processes in the company.
 Designing is structuring something of how a plant or certain industry operates.
 Operations Management is an area of management concerned with DESIGNING
and CONTROLLING the process of production and redesigning business operations
in the production of goods or services
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES
 Client Satisfaction- we need to abide the standards in which the process is optimize
to satisfy the client
 Operation Efficiency- technical people equipped with engineering judgement so
these people will design a process on how the plant operates efficiently.
 Resources Optimization
 For effective operation management, the operations manager has to know about the
common strategic policies, basic material planning, manufacturing and production
systems, and their analysis. Production and cost control principles are also of
importance. And last, but not least, it has to be someone’s who is able to navigate
industrial labor relations.
 Managers should be technically equipped with the operation they handled so that
they can easily adjust and operations will run smoothly.
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
 In most cases, planning involves designing a new product, from the initial concept
to the actual launch, with several testing phases involved. During planning, you will
have to consider both technical and business requirements.
 The operations manager selects and schedules the processes for an optimal result
and does the same with materials for an ideal quality and capacity. Organizing the
maintenance of the equipment is also part of the quality management activities.
Furthermore, the inventory and the whole supply chain has to be managed in order
to produce more efficiently.
 As in all management functions, the management of human resources is an
essential activity. In operations management, the planning of actual employment
levels can have a great impact on whether an organization can operate effectively.
 There is always room to improve when it comes to the processes used, the quality
and capacity achieved, or as far as the level of inventory and human resources are
concerned.
 Operations management is the administration of business practices to create the
highest level of efficiency possible within an organization.
 Operations management is concerned with converting materials and labor into
goods and services as efficiently as possible.
 Corporate operations management professionals try to balance costs with revenue
to maximize net operating profit.
 Integrated solution for operation management to level up or upgrade the operation
management like expansion of the plant by a well- engineered plans.
 Provide fit-for-purpose EPFCM services and cost-competitive solutions to optimize
each client’s capital project
 We need to value our human resources by valuing safety
 Managements point of view, this is how the operations are managed: from CEO it is
divided a certain structure and give to a certain people
 Integrated solution examples are Energy & Chemicals Infrastructure & Power such
as Biofuels, Carbon Capture, Chemicals & Petrochemicals. Gas Processing & Gas
Treating
 Infrastructure & Power such as Aviation, Bridges, Commercial & Institutional,
Environmental Compliance
 Mining & Metals such as Fertilizer, Metals, Metals Process Expertise, Mining, Mining
Process Expertise, Operations & Maintenance
 Life Sciences & Advanced Manufacturing, Government and Diversified Services
 In Global Leadership , Our corporate governance standards promote the core
principles of integrity, transparency and accountability, all while protecting and
enhancing our stakeholder value.