School of Mathematics

Thapar University, Patiala,

UMA 004: Tutorial Sheet 01

1. Find the order and degree of the following differential equations. Also, state whether the
equation is linear or nonlinear.
 2 2   3 4/3
d2 y dy 2 d2 y
 
d y dy dy
(i) +3 +x = 0 (ii) a 2 = −6 +9y (iii) 1+ = 2
dt2
s dt dt dt dt dt
 2 2 2 4 2
dy d y d y d y d y
(iv) 1 + = x2 + 2 (v) 2 + sin(t + y) = sin t (vi) t5 4 − t3 2 + 6y = 0
dx dx dt dt dt

2. Find the solution of the following differential equation:

dy dy
(i) x = (1 − 2x2 ) tan y (ii) = e2x−3y + 4x2 e−3y
dx dx  
4y dy 2 2y dy 2 dy
(iii) x(e − 1) + (x − 1)e = 0, x > 0 (iv) y − x =a y +
dx dx dx
3. Solve the following differential equations:
dy y dy x2 + y 2 − 1
(i) = sin(x + y) + cos(x + y) (ii) + =0
dx x dx 2(x2 + y 2 ) + 1
dy dy
(iii) = (4x + y + 1)2 (iv) − x tan(x − y) = 1
dx dx
4. Verify that the function is a solution of the differential equation on some interval, for any
choice of the arbitrary constants appearing in the function.
x2
 3 
c dy x dy
(i) y = + ; x + y = x2 (ii) y = tan +c ; = x2 (1 + y 2 )
3 x dx 3 dx
1 2 dy dy
(iii) y = + ce−x ; + 2xy = x (iv) y + sin y = x ; (y cos y − sin y + x) =y
2 dx dx
5. The initial value problem governing the current I flowing in an L-R circuit, when a step voltage
of magnitude E is applied to the circuit is given by
dI
IR + L =E ; t > 0, I(0) = 0
dt
Find the solution I(t) and the limiting value of I as t → ∞.

6. The temperature of the surface of a steel ball at time t is given by u(t) = 70e−kt + 30 (in o F)
where k is positive constant. Show that u satisfies the first-order equation du
dt = −k(u − 30).
What is the initial temperature (t = 0) on the surface of the ball? What happens to the
temperature as t → ∞

Answers:
2
2. (i) sin y = cxe−x (ii) 3e2x − 2e3y + 8x3 = c
(iii) e4y + 1 = e2y (log x2 − x2 + c) (iv) (1 − ay)(a + x) = cy

3. (i) x = log[1 + tan 21 (x + y)] + c (ii) x2 + 2y 2 − 3 log(x2 + y 2 + 2) + c = 0

(iii) 4x + y + 1 = 2 tan(2x + c) (iv) log sin(x − y) = − 12 x2 + c