56 Machine Drawing

THEORY QUESTIONS

3.1 What are the elements to be considered while obtaining a projection and what is an orthographic
projection ?
3.2 When is a projection of an object called an orthographic projection?
3.3 Explain the following, indicating the symbol to be used in each case:
(a) First angle projection, (b) Third angle projection
3.4 List-out the six possible orthographic projections that may be obtained for an object in space,
specifying their relative positions.
3.5 What is a one-view drawing ? For what type of objects these can be used ?
3.6 What is the basis on which the number of views required for an object is selected ?
3.7 What are the points to be considered while laying-out the different views of an object ?

DRAWING EXERCISES

3.1 Draw (i) the view from the front and (ii) the view from right of the object shown in Fig. 3.23.
3.2 Draw (i) the view from the front, (ii) the view from above and (iii) the view from the right, of the
objects shown in Figs. 3.24, 3.27, 3.28, 3.31 and 3.38.
3.3 Draw (i) the view from the front and (ii) the view from above of the objects shown in Figs. 3.25,
3.32, 3.34, 3.36 and 3.37.
3.4 Draw (i) the view from the front, (ii) the view from above and (iii) the view from the left of the
objects shown in Figs. 3.26, 3.29, 3.30, 3.33 and 3.35.

20 40 25
20 10
30 0
10

40

40 25
20

20
20

75
25
20

10

20
10

30
60 12

20 30 30
30 12 65

Fig. 3.23 Fig. 3.24

 Orthographic Projections 57

80
50
10

20
R 20 24
2 HOLES, DIA 10

50 24
R f
f 2 40 36
5 9

56
12
80

32
R 30
25

12

16
30

R 15
65 50 75
10

Fig. 3.25 Fig. 3.26

10
20
50 4
20 30 0
35

15

30
15 35 45
80

25
40

70
25
20
20

30 0
100 40 10
65 50

Fig. 3.27 Fig. 3.28

58 Machine Drawing

2 HOLES, M6
DEEP 20

10
38 13 6
24 4
10 6
10 42 24 0
13

88 18
0
f1 18

9
19
18
44

36
38

12
19

13

12
6

6
18
6 12
6

18
24
13

38 24 78
0 12
50 10 30°
64
7

Fig. 3.29 Fig. 3.30

30
12 10 36
3

0
6
18

24
12
18

21
38

38
6

6 6
12
9
12

60
62 42
50

Fig. 3.31 Fig. 3.32

 Orthographic Projections 59

12
15 20
22 20
12

12

30
2 HOLES, 2 HOLES,
22 DIA 15 R 10 DIA 12
12 25 15 12
15
50

30

62
°
19
16

20

30
25 15
15

12
12

15
12

12
25 5 12
63 75
62

Fig. 3.33 Fig. 3.34

36
f 30

35
R
25
f 55

24 12
f 40
24

24
12
90

f 18
100

f2
25

4 24
2 HOLES,
45

R 12 50 DIA 16
30
30

36 12

R 30 50
38

70
5

145 20
18

70 35
140
50 10 18
3

72
85 18

Fig. 3.35 Fig. 3.36

60 Machine Drawing

f3 OIL HOLE, 24 44
6
DIA 3 45 24

54 f1
0

10
f 18
28

30°
10 6
10 0 °
2 HOLES, 45°
10

60
DIA 12
10

12
20

30
R3

12
5

10
18 18 60°

10
R R 10
82

96
18 8
R2
10

46
10

6 24
15 20 18
4 54 36
7 2
12 60
10

Fig. 3.37 Fig. 3.38

f15
8 24 46
42 2
2
10

3.5 Draw (i) the view from the front, (ii) the view from 15
the right and (iii) the view from the left of the ob- R23
24 22 16
ject shown in Fig. 3.39.
38

R 1 9
10 1

6 R13
20
5

80

R13

Fig. 3.39

50
50
25
12 12

12
38

31
3.6 Draw (i) the view from the front and 12
50

100
(ii) the view from the left of the ob- 75
37

12

jects shown in Figs. 3.40, 3.41, 3.42 50 75

and 3.43.
38

50
25

6
17 2 200
5 25

Fig. 3.40
 Orthographic Projections 61

46

12 14
30

f 50
f 25
18
70 12

12
DIA 12,

36
DEEP 16
35

R 25 26
85
15
18

12
R 16

3
18 50 22
15
20 14
6
20

f3

12

40
110
10 f 15
40
12

22
36

18
0
10 34
18
2
26 f3
0
f5

Fig. 3.41 Fig. 3.42

60 12
f 18

R 18

36
R 18
12

12

12 9
90

R8 22
25

12
25

60
12

25

Fig. 3.43
3.7 Isometric views of a few objects are given on the left hand side of Fig. 3.44. The orthographic
views are shown on the right side. Name the views.
3.8 Two views of each object are given in Fig. 3.45. Sketch the missing views of the same.