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MYANMAR GROUP 6
BIGCAS, JOHN PAUL
CALDE, FLORIE JOY LYDIA
CASAO, MELVIN
EDRALIN, DONNA KARENN
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Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union
of Myanmar, and also known as Burma, is a
country in Southeast Asia.
BORDERS
• INDIA and BANGLADESH to its west,

• THAILAND and LAOS to its east

• CHINA to its north and northeast.

Capital: Naypyidaw (Nay Pyi Taw)

Population: 54 million

Total area of 676,578 km2

(261,228 sq mi)
Myanmar is home to four major language
families:
• Sino-Tibetan-most widely spoken
• Tai–Kadai-language is Shan. Mon, Palaung
• Austro-Asiatic
• Indo-European.-Theravada Buddhism, and
English

Religion

• population practices Buddhism;

estimates range from 80% to 89%
• population identifies as Christian; 4.3%
as Muslim; 0.8% as followers of tribal
religions; 0.5% as Hindus; 0.2% as
followers of other religions; and 0.1%
follow no religion.
 State/Regi Town Cities/ Village
No. Districts Wards Villages
on ships Towns groups

Kachin
1 4 18 20 116 606 2630
State

Kayah
2 2 7 7 29 79 624
State

3 Kayin State 3 7 10 46 376 2092

4 Chin State 2 9 9 29 475 1355

Sagaing
5 8 37 37 171 1769 6095
Region

Tanintharyi
6 3 10 10 63 265 1255
Region

Bago
7 4 28 33 246 1424 6498
Region
 Magway
8 5 25 26 160 1543 4774
Region
Mandala
9 7 31 29 259 1611 5472
y Region
Mon
10 2 10 11 69 381 1199
State
Rakhine
11 4 17 17 120 1041 3871
State
Yangon
12 4 45 20 685 634 2119
Region
Shan
13 11 54 54 336 1626 15513
State

Ayeyarw
14 ady 6 26 29 219 1912 11651
Region
Total 63 324 312 2548 13742 65148
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History
Early city-states
• The city-states were founded as part of
the southward migration by the Tibeto-
Burman-speaking Pyu people
• Several city-states had sprouted across
the land: the Pyu in the central dry zone,
Mon along the southern coastline and
Arakanese along the western littoral.
Imperial Burma

• Theravada Buddhism slowly began to

spread to the village level
Taungoo and colonialism

• Political unification returned in the mid-

16th century, due to the efforts
of Taungoo
 British Burma (1824–1948)
• Particular interest to European traders,
seek to maintain their traditional
influence in the western areas
of Assam, Manipur and Arakan

Military rule (1962–2011)

• The nation became an independent

republic, under the terms of the Burma
Independence Act 1947
• Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President
and U Nu as its first Prime Minister
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
BURMESE ARCHITECTURE
1) stupas, bell-shaped structures that
contain a holy relic or scripture;
2) Temples, place of worship somewhat
similar to a church; and
3) Monasteries, which contain living
quarters and meditation cells for
monks.

Kyaiktiyo Pagoda also known as

Golden Rock) is a well-known
Buddhist pilgrimage site in Mon
State, Burma, built on the top of a
granite boulder covered with gold
leaves pasted on by its male
devotees.
The Mandalay Palace is an example of
wooden architecture in Myanmar, which
emphasizes exterior aesthetics rather than
interior space
The Shwedagon Pagoda officially named
Shwedagon Zedi Daw,'Golden Dagon Pagoda’)
is a gilded stupa located in Yangon, Myanmar.

The earliest stupas were built by

the Pyu people and this Pyu-style can be
found at the 7th century Bawbawgyi
Pagoda at the ancient city of Sri
Ksetra near modern day Pyay.
 Dhammayan Gyi Temple – Bagan
Although this temple was never finished, the
legend says that the Dhammayan Gyi
Temple was supposed to be the biggest temple
in Bagan. The Burmese chronicles state that
during the construction of this temple, the king
was assassinated and thus the temple was
never finished.
Features
Stucco and wood carving
• Stucco, introduced during the Bagan
period, is strongly tied to Mon heritage.
Wood carving in Myanmar is a
traditional art which has survived for
centuries.
Use of gold

• Gold cladding is a feature of traditional

Burmese architecture, usually prominent
in gilded or gold-plated exteriors.
The Bupaya, Shwedagon, Shwezigon a
nd Lawkananda Pagodas have gold
features.
DO AND DONT’S

 DON’T TAKE OUT YOUR CAMERAS

 SMILE AND SAY HELLO
 DON’T PONT WITH YOUR FOOT
 WEAR DECENT CLOTHES
 DON’T TOUCH ANYONE ON THE HEAD
 WOMAN ARE SAFE IN MYANMAR
 AVOD PDA
 DON’T DISTURB PEOPLE
 SPREAD YOUR WEALTH
 JOIN FESTIVALS
 DON’T VISIT RESTRCTED AREAS
 Page: 14/53

ARCHITECTURAL PRATICE
Education
System in
Myanmar
• Administered by the
Department of Basic
Education under the
Ministry of Education
(MOE)
Education
System in
Myanmar
• Tertiary Education –
Yangon Technological
University
Education
System in
Myanmar
• Tertiary Education
• BSArch and BSCE- 6
years course since
2013
Setting up an Architecture Practice
• There is no procedure for registration of foreign architects and
foreign firm at the moment. However, under the Myanmar’s
AFAS Schedule of Commitment, it is stated that commercial
presence of foreign suppliers and/or providers are permitted
in accordance with the Union of Myanmar Foreign Investment
Law 1988 and the Myanmar Companies Act 1914.
Setting up an Architecture Practice
• Dual citizenship is not recognised by Myanmar

• Foreigners can become naturalised citizens of

Myanmar, unless they can prove a close familial
connection to the country.
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LAWS AND REGULATION

 Myanmar Architect Council Law

( The Union Parliament Law No.39)

The statutory authority governing architectural

profession in Myanmar is the Ministry of
Construction, with Board of Architects to act as an
authorized agency on its behalf.
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LAWS AND REGULATION

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LAWS AND REGULATION

 To enhance the social – economy of all the

people with the systematic and modern
development in Myanmar Construction Sector.

 To reduce the barriers, transportation costs and saving

time with the development of roads and bridges by
means of increasing GDP.

 To provide the adequate housing by means of uplifting

the living standards for all the people.
PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION
• Association of Myanmar Architects (AMA)
– It was formed in 2001 with around 1000 members by the end of 2013. A
professional regulatory committee (PRC) was formed in 2005 consisting of
patron architects, architects from government agencies, practicing architects
and architects from the academic field.
• The PRCs main task
– overall practice of architecture in Myanmar,
– ethics and codes of professional conduct,
– preparing references and benchmarking professionals.
QUALIFYING AS AN ARCHITECT
• Complete at least a five year full time architectural education and;
• 2 years of practical work

• Those who would like to set up a private architecture practice will have to
register the entity with the Ministry of Economy and Planning. The entity
needs at least 2 registered architects on the board or the partnership.
 Page: 25/53

PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION

 Was formed in 2001 with around 100 members

by the end of 2003.

 The architect community in Myanmar first founded

and officially registered the Institute of Burmese Architects
(IBA) in 1961-62.
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PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION

 PRC in Myanmar consisting of patron architects,

Architects from government agencies, practicing architects
and architects from the field.

 Main task was to oversee the overall practice of

architecture in Myanmar.
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PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION

 Development of knowledge and skills.

 Architecture-related businesses in Myanmar living
architect.
 The prestige of technical experts and technical
experts.
 Maintain the moral quality and enhance.
 Architecture jobs related organizations associated
with the system in order to join.
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QUALIFYING AS AN ARCHITECT

 Complete at least a 5 year full time architectural

education.

 2 years of practical work after registration as an

architectural graduate, with the Board of Architects.

 The licensed architect with an experienced of 5 years

and has participated in continuous professional
development (CPD) is entitled to apply for senior
licensed architect status.
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SETTING-UP AN ARCHITECTURE PRACTICE

 Register the entity with the Ministry of Economy and

Planning. The entity needs at least 2 registered
architects on the board or the partnership.

 The entity needs at least 2 registered architects on

the board of the partnership.
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SETTING-UP AN ARCHITECTURE PRACTICE

Foreign Architects and Foreign Firm

 Under the Myanmar’s AFAS Schedule of Commitment,

it is stated that commercial presence of foreign
suppliers and/or providers are permitted in
accordance with the Union of Myanmar Foreign
Investment Law 1988 and the Myanmar Companies
Act 1914.
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SETTING-UP AN ARCHITECTURE PRACTICE

 Union of Myanmar Foreign Investment Law 1988
the Myanmar Companies Act 1914.

 Myanmar Companies Act 1914.

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PHILIPPINES
RELIGION: Christian

With more than 80.6% percent of the population is

Roman Catholic, 8.2% percent belongs to the
nationalized Protestant Christianity, another 5.6%
percent to the Islam community, and lastly the
1.9% which are the otther minor religions in the
country including Hinduism, Judaism, the Baha'i
Faith, Indigenous Beliefs, Other Christians, and
Atheists.
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MYANMAR RELIGION: Buddhism

Theravada Buddhism, a more conservative

branch of the religion, is practised by more than
90% of the population. of which 90% profess
Theravada Buddhism (roughly 48 million), 4%
Christianity (1.65 million Baptists and 550,000
Roman Catholics), 4% Islam (2.2 million), 1%
Hinduism (550,000), and the remaining 1%
consists of Mahayana Buddhism, Vajrayana
Buddhism and Animism.
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POLITICAL
DATA
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PHILIPPINES
The Philippines is a
republic with a presidential
form of government
wherein power is equally
divided among its three
branches: executive,
legislative, and judicial. The
government seeks to act in
the best interests of its
citizens through this system
of check and balance.
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MYANMAR
is a unitar y parliamentar y
republic under its
constitution of 2008. The
Economist Intelligence Unit
has rated Myanmar as a
"hybrid regime" in 2016.
The militar y of Burma holds
a large amount of power in
the government, despite
the end of the last Burmese
militar y dictatorship.
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The United Architects of the Philippines (UAP), is the professional organization for

architects in the Philippines. Founded in May 12, 1975

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Association of
Myanmar Architects
also known as (AMA)
was founded in 2001
with more than two
thousand members
around the country.
The Architect community in Myanmar was first
founded and officially registered as the Institue
of Burmese Architects (IBA) in 1961-62. But when
the then Government banned the establishment
of parties and organizations in 1963, the IBA was
abolished.

MEMBER STATE Philippines
NAME OF PRA Professional Regulation Commission
PRA WEBSITE www.prc.gov.ph
PRA ADDRESS P. Paredes St. Cor. N.Reyes St.
POSTAL ADDRESS Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines
1008P.O.Box 2038 Manila
NAME OFPROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE United Architects of the Philippines
(UAP)
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTEPostal 5/F UAP Headquarters53 Sct. Rallos
AddressWebsite Address St., Bgy. Laging HandaDiliman,
Quezon City, Philippines
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Myanmar
Ministry of Construction
http://www.ministryofconstruction.g
ov.mm/
http://www.ministryofconstruction.or
g/
NamPROFESSIONAL REGUATORY
AUTHORITY(ARCHITECTURE),
MYANMARMinistry of Construction,
Office No. (40), Nay Pyi Taw,
MyanmarMONITORING
Association of Myanmar Architect s
No. 228-234, 4thFloor, Department of
Human Settlements and Housing
Development, Bogyoke Aung San
Road, Botahtaung Township, Yangon,
Myanmar

For taking Architecture Board Exam
M YA N M A R
• Myanmar Architect Council
Regulates the architecture
profession in myanmar, and calls
for creation of the myanmar
architect council to govern
registration and standards of
practicing architects.
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PHILIPPINES
• BOARD OF ARCHITECTS
-A body created to promote and
ensure the continous
improvement of professials, in
accordance with national, regional
and international standards of
practice.
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PHILIPPINES - BOA

Robert M. Mirafuente Ar. Chona Elvas-Ponce Ar. Lorelie DC De Vera

 Page: 43/53

Powers of CPD includes:

- Ensure the adequate and aropriate provision of CPD programs for their respective field of
profession.
- Evaluate and act on applications for accreditation of CPD providers and their programs.
-Monitor andEvaluate the Implementation of the CPD programs.
- Assess and/or upgrade the criteria for accreditation of CPD providers and their programs
on a regular basis.
-Develop mechanisms for the Validation, accreditation and recognition of self directed
learning, prior/informal learning, online learning, and other learning processes through
professional work experience.
-Conduct researches, Studies and benchmarking for international Alignment of the
programs.
-Issue operational Guidelines, with the approval of the PRC and the PRB concerned.
-Perform such other fuctions related or incidental to the implementation of the
CPD. According to the CPD law, the CPD is made as a mandatory requirement in the
renewal of the PIC's of all registered and licensed professionals under the regulation of the
PRC.
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Working Committee in Myanmar

Architect Council
- Registration Certificate Verifican Committee
-Architectural Accreditation Committee
- Code of Ethics
- Disciplinary Action Committee
- Standards and Architectural Procedures Committee
- Steering Committee for Architecture Education
- Architectural Companies; Committee on
Accreditation of Organizations
-Poreign Architect Regictration Certificate
Verification Committee
- International Relations Committee
 Page: 45/53

PROFESSION MYANMAR CONVERSIO PHILIPPINES

(MMK) N (PHP)
(PHP)
ARCHITECT 476,531 13,937.96 41,923

CAD 390,125 13,048 35,782

OPERATOR

PROJECT 524,809 17,579.39 37,170

MANAGER

DRAFTER 382,276 12,805 35,253

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PROS CONS
- LOW CRIME RATE - ROAD SAFETY
- CULTURE - HEALTH SAFETY
- DEVELOPING COUNTRY - PUBLIC TRANSPORT
- MORE OPPORTUNITIES - NOT AN ENGLISH FRIENDLY COUNTRY
- BARGAINING
-HIGH RENTS
-BLACKOUTS
- TRAFFIC
 Page: 47/53

COST OF LIVING
PHILIPPINES VS. MYANMAR
 Page: 1/

- 232.76 PHP
- 173.78 PHP
- 104.01 PHP
- 69.49 PHP
- 64.46 PHP
- 48.23 PHP
- 206.95 PHP
- 89.09 PHP
- 39.96 PHP
- 43.32 PHP
- 581.50 PHP
- 45.64 PHP
- 60.69 PHP
 Page: 49/53

-62,836 PHP

-32,378.79PHP

-2, 028.63 PHP

-43,507.83 PHP

-17,159.99 PHP

-2,263.17 PHP

-1,420.92 PHP

-17,007.92 PHP

-7,014.24 PHP

-783.84 PHP

-168.03
 Page: 50/53
-3,063.35 PHP

-1,951.13 PHP

-4,543.68 PHP

-2,496.87 PHP

PHILIPPINES
- 1,183,316.67 PHP

- 33.98 PHP

- 820.10 PHP

MYANMAR
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- 167.39

- 313.68

- 182.79

- 98.16

- 130.93

-74.10

- 61.63

- 177.14
 Page: 52/53

MYANMAR PHILIPPINES
1,079.95 PHP-

33.96 PHP-

1,495.63 PHP-

1,557.67 PHP-

621.29 PHP -

111.74 PHP -

56.19 PHP-

22,346.50 PHP-

5.24 PHP -
2,439.64 PHP -

105.66 PHP -
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CONCLUSION:
Cost of living in Yangon
(Myanmar) is 10%
cheaper than in Manila
(Philippines)