Test Procedure in Minitab

In this section, we show you how to analyse your data using a one-way
ANOVA in Minitab when the six assumptions in the previous
section, Assumptions, have not been violated. The procedure changed from
Minitab 16 to Minitab 17. Therefore, we present the procedure for both below:

Minitab 16

 Click Stat > ANOVA > One-Way... on the top menu, as shown below:

Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

You will be presented with the following One-Way Analysis of Variance dialogue box:
 Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

 Transfer the dependent variable, Productivity , into the Response: box and the
independent variable, Music , into the Factor: box. To do this, you first need to click into
the Response: box for the dependent variable to appear in the main left-hand box
(e.g., C1 Productivity ). This will activate the button (it is usually
faded: ). To transfer the variable into this box, select C1 Productivity in the
main left-hand box and press the button or simply double-click
on C1 Productivity . You now need to do the same for C2 Music , but this time into
the Factor: box. You will end up with the dialogue box shown below:
 Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

 Click the button. The output that Minitab produces is shown below.

Minitab 17

 Click Stat > ANOVA > One-Way... on the top menu, as shown below:
 Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

You will be presented with the following One-Way Analysis of Variance dialogue box:

Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

 Transfer the dependent variable, Productivity , into the Response: box and the
independent variable, Music , into the Factor: box. To do this, you first need to click into
the Response: box for the dependent variable to appear in the main left-hand box
(e.g., C1 Productivity ). This will activate the button (it is usually
faded: ). To transfer the variable into this box, select C1 Productivity in the
main left-hand box and press the button or simply double-click
on C1 Productivity . You now need to do the same for C2 Music , but this time into
the Factor: box. You will end up with the dialogue box shown below:
 Published with written permission from Minitab Inc.

 Click the button. The output that Minitab produces is shown below.

Minitabtop ^
Output of the one-way ANOVA in Minitab
The Minitab output for a one-way ANOVA includes many useful statistics,
including descriptive statistics for the groups that you compared. However, in
this guide we focus on the Analysis of Variance table which reports the
statistical significance of the one-way ANOVA, as shown below (for Minitab
17):
And for Minitab 16:

The statistical significance of the one-way ANOVA is found under the "P-
Value" column ("P" column in Minitab 16). You can see that the significance
level is 0.004 (i.e., p = .004). Since this is below 0.05 (i.e., p < .05), we can
declare that the result is statistically significant. That is, there is a statistically
significant difference in the mean productivity between the three different
groups of the independent variable, Music (i.e., "No Music", "Music - No
Choice" and "Music - Choice").

Note: We present the output from the one-way ANOVA above. However,
since you should have tested your data for the assumptions we explained
earlier in the Assumptions section, you will also need to interpret the Minitab
output that was produced when you tested for them. This includes: (a) the
boxplots you used to check if there were any significant outliers; (b) the output
Minitab produces for your Shapiro-Wilk test for normality to determine
normality; and (c) the output Minitab produces for Levene's test for
homogeneity of variances. Also, remember that if your data failed any of these
assumptions, the output that you get from the one-way ANOVA procedure
(i.e., the output we discuss above) might no longer be valid and you will need
to interpret the Minitab output that is produced when they fail (i.e., this
includes different results).

Minitabtop ^
Reporting the output of the one-way ANOVA
When you report the output of your one-way ANOVA, it is good practice to
include:

o A. An introduction to the analysis you carried out.

 o B. Information about your sample, including how many participants were
in each group of your independent groups (N) (N.B., this is particularly
useful if the group sizes were unequal or there were missing values).
o C. A statement of whether there were statistically significant differences
between your groups, including the observed F-value (F and F-Value for
Minitab 16 and 17, respectively), degrees of freedom (DF), and significance
level, or more specifically, the 2-tailed p-value (P and P-Value for Minitab
16 and 17, respectively).

Based on the Minitab output above, we could report the results of this study as
follows:
 General

A one-way ANOVA was conducted to determine if productivity in a packing facility was

different for groups with different physical activity levels. Participants were classified
into three groups: No music (n = 20), Music - No choice (n = 20) and Music - Choice
(n = 20). There was a statistically significant difference between groups as determined
by a one-way ANOVA, F(2, 57) = 6.08, p = .004.

In addition to reporting the results as above, a diagram can be used to visually

present your results. For example, you could do this using a bar chart with error
bars (e.g., where the errors bars could be the standard deviation, standard error
or 95% confidence intervals). This can make it easier for others to understand
your results. Furthermore, you are increasingly expected to report "effect sizes"
in addition to your one-way ANOVA results. Effect sizes are important because
whilst the one-way ANOVA tells you whether differences between group means
are "real" (i.e., different in the population), it does not tell you the "size" of the
difference. Whilst Minitab will not produce these effect sizes for you using this
procedure, there is a procedure in Minitab to do so.

Portions of information contained in this publication/book are printed with permission of Minitab Inc. All
such material remains the exclusive property and copyright of Minitab Inc. All rights reserved.