The Drill String Is connecting the drill bit on bottom to
the surface.
The drill string is composed of drill pipe, heavy weight
drill pipe, drill collars and other components like
stabilizers and drilling jars.
functions of the drill string Suspend the drill bit.
-Transmit the rotary motion from the Kelly or top drive
to the drill bit.- Guide and control the trajectory of the bit
-Provide a flow path to circulate drilling fluids.
the drill string It is divided on two parts the drill pipe
string and the BHA
DRILL PIPE STRING Transfer the torque from the
rotary system to the BHA and the bit
The drill pipe can be classified Outer Diameter (OD)
Length –Weight –Connections - The wear
The drill pipe can be classified
New: no wear.
Premium: Remaining wall not less than 80%.
Class 2: Remaining wall not less than 70%.
Class 3: Remaining wall less than 70%.
Tool joints All API tool joints have a minimum yield
strenght of 120 000 psi
Hwdp are heavy wall tubes attaches located between
drill collars and the drill pipe
Hwps are aviable in spiral design
The drill string is divide in two principals parts drill pipe
and drill collar
In which of drilling can we use hwdp -It is used in
vertical and horizontal directional drilling
The walls of the hwdp are thiker than the DP
What is the usual thickness opf the hwps wall of
approximately one inch.
HWDP – Functions -It is used to provide a smooth
transition between the different sections of the drill
string components. - It prevents the DP from buckling.
-It is sometimes used instead of DC
HWDP – features
High precision in size and shape.- Good low temperature
toughness.- Excellent mechanical properties- High
connection strength and sealability.- Large inside
diameter of tool joint.- High torque resistance.- High
wear strength and long life.
DRILL COLLAR (DC)-features
Heavy thick – walled pipes.- Comes in many OD and ID
sizes, typically 4 ¾” to 9 ½” OD.-Lengths of 30 or 31
feet.- The DCs are available in spiral and slick designs.
The spiral designs help in preventing drill strings from
getting stuck in holes.- It is located at the lowest part of
the Drill String. -It is included in the BHA. -It is an
important part of the BHA-Normally a DC is threaded at
both ends, male in one and female in the other
DRILL COLLAR (DP) Functions
Provide weight to the bit when drilling.-Provide
pendular movement to the bit.- Maintain the tension on
the drill string.- Control direction and inclination of
wells to drill straighter holes.- It improves the efficiency
and quality of the drilling.
DRILL COLLAR (DP) Clasification
Slick DC: used to put weight on bit (WOB). Its
thickness is about 4 to 8 times of that of the DPs.
Spiral DC: used in order to minimize contact area with
formation to avoid sticking. It is lighter by 4 to 6 percent
than the Slick DC
Non magnetic DC: used in directional drilling to avoid
magnetic interference with down hole tools such as
MWD and LWD.
STABILIZERS Functions
-Reduce the probability of sticking of the BHA.
-Help transferring the weight of the BHA to the bit.
-Minimize bending and vibrations which cause tool joint
wear and damage to BHA components such as MWD.
-Reduce the contact of the DC with the side of the hole
by keeping it concentric in the hole.
-They are used as a fundamental tool of controlling the
directional behavior of most BHA.
STABILIZERS Clasification
Position: near bit or string.
Operating mode: rotating or non- rotating.
Material: steel or non-magnetic.
STABILIZERS Clasification – features
-Near bit : Bottom connection is box.
-String stabilizer: Bottom connection is normal (pin).
-Usually 2 to 3 stabilizers are fitted into the BHA,
including one just above the drill bit (near-bit stabilizer)
and one or two among the drill collars (string
stabilizers).
Operating Modes Rotating stabilizers could be: Integral
blade stabilizer (IBS): higher strength.
-Welded blade stabilizer: rugged, low cost.
-Replaceable type: one piece body, various sizes,
reduced contact area.
Non Rotating stabilizers could be:
Rubber blades.
Aluminum blades for higher wear, temperature and oil
resistance.
Blades forms
*the blades of the stabilizer are always in contact with
the hole.
Straight blades:- Generates a lot of torque and
vibration.- Wide flow path.
Spiral blades: -Less torque and vibration.
-They help to lift the cuttings.