Latihan Soal

Limit fungsi aljabar berbentuk 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝒇(𝒙)

𝒙→𝒂

a. Metode substitusi langsung

Hitunglah nilai setiap limit berikut.
𝑧 3 −3𝑧+7 (−1)3 −3(−1)+7
1. lim = 5(−1)2 +9(−1)+6
𝑧→−1 2 +9𝑧+6
5𝑧
−1+3+7 9
= =
5−9+6 2

𝑥 3 +2𝑥+3 lim (𝑥 3 +2𝑥+3)

2. lim √ 𝑥 2 +5
= √𝑥→2lim (𝑥 2 +5)
𝑥→2 𝑥→2

23 +2(2)+3
=√ 22 +5

8+4+3 15 √15 1
=√ 4+5
=√9 = = 3 √15
√9
1
3 2 3
3. lim √𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 6 = { lim (𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 6)}
𝑥→−2 𝑥→−2

1
= {(−2)2 − 3(−2) + 6}3
1
= {4 + 6 + 6}3
1 1
= (16)3 = (23 . 21 )3
1 1
= (23 )3 . 23
3
= 2√2

b. Metode Pemfaktoran
Hitunglah nilai setiap limit berikut.
𝑥 3 −27 (𝑥−3)(𝑥 2 +3𝑥+9)
1. lim = lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−3 𝑥→3 (𝑥−3)
= lim (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 9) = 32 + 3.3 + 9
𝑥→3
= 9+9+9 = 27
3 3 6 6
𝑥√𝑥+√𝑥+2 √𝑥 √𝑥 (𝑥 √𝑥 + √𝑥 +2)
2. lim 3 = lim 3 6 6
𝑥→0 𝑥 2 √𝑥+𝑥√𝑥 − √𝑥 𝑥→0 √𝑥 (𝑥 2 √𝑥 +𝑥 √𝑥 −1)

6 6
𝑥 √𝑥 + √𝑥 +2
= lim 26 6
𝑥→0 𝑥 √𝑥 +𝑥 √𝑥 −1

6 6
0 √0+ √0+2 2
= 6 6 = −1 = −2
02 √0+0 √0−1

𝑥 3 −𝑥 2 −𝑥−2 (𝑥−2)(𝑥 2 +𝑥+1)

3. lim = lim
𝑥→2 𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 𝑥→2 (𝑥−2)(𝑥+3)
 𝑥 2 +𝑥+1
= lim
𝑥→2 𝑥+3
22 +2+1 7
= 2+3
=5

c. Metode Perkalian dengan Sekawan

√1+𝑥−√1−𝑥 √1+𝑥−√1−𝑥 √1+𝑥+√1−𝑥
1. lim 𝑥
= lim 𝑥
.( )
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 √1+𝑥+√1−𝑥

(1+𝑥)−(1−𝑥)
= lim 𝑥(
𝑥→0 √1+𝑥+√1−𝑥)

2𝑥
= lim 𝑥(
𝑥→0 √1+𝑥+√1−𝑥)

2
= lim
𝑥→0 √1+2𝑥+√1−𝑥

2 2
= =2=1
√1+√1

𝑥 𝑥 √4+𝑥+√4−𝑥
2. lim 4+𝑥−
= lim . ( 4+𝑥+ 4−𝑥)
𝑥→0 √ √4−𝑥 𝑥→0 √4+𝑥− √4−𝑥 √ √
𝑥(√4+𝑥+√4−𝑥)
= lim (4+𝑥)−(4−𝑥)
𝑥→0
𝑥(√4+𝑥+√4−𝑥)
= lim 4+𝑥−4+𝑥
𝑥→0
𝑥(√4+𝑥+√4−𝑥)
= lim 2𝑥
𝑥→0
√ 4+0+ √4−0 2+2
= 2
= 2 = 2
√𝑥−2 √𝑥−2 √𝑥+2
3. lim = lim .
𝑥→4 𝑥−4 𝑥→4 𝑥−4 √𝑥+2
(𝑥−4)
= lim (𝑥−4)( 𝑥+2)
𝑥→4 √
1
= lim 𝑥+2
𝑥→4 √
1 1 1
= 4+2 = 2+2 = 4
√

Limit fungsi tak hingga

a. Membagi dengan pangkat tertinggi dari penyebut

5𝑥7 2𝑥2 𝑥
5𝑥 7 +2𝑥 2 +𝑥 + 5+ 5
𝑥5 𝑥 𝑥
1. lim = lim 5
𝑥→∞ 6𝑥 5 +3𝑥+2 𝑥→∞ 6𝑥 +3𝑥+ 2
𝑥5 𝑥5 𝑥5
2 1
5𝑥 2 + 3 + 4
𝑥 𝑥
= lim 3 2
𝑥→∞ 6+ 4 + 5
𝑥 𝑥
2 1
5∞2 + 3 + 4
∞ ∞
= 3 2
6+ 4 + 5
∞ ∞
∞+0+0 ∞
= = =∞
6+0+0 6
 𝑥 2
𝑥−2 −
𝑥 𝑥
2. lim = lim 𝑥
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥
2
1− 2
𝑥
= lim = 1- ∞ = 1 − 0 = 1
𝑥→∞ 1
4𝑥2 6𝑥 1
4𝑥 2 −6𝑥+1 − +
𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2
3. lim = lim 2
𝑥→∞ 2𝑥 2 +7𝑥 𝑥→∞ 2𝑥 +7𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥2
6 1
4− + 2
𝑥 𝑥
= lim 7
𝑥→∞ 2+𝑥
6 1
4− + 2 4−0+0 4
∞ ∞
= 7 = =2=2
2+ 2+0
∞
b. Mengalikan dengan faktor lawan
√𝑥+1+√𝑥−1
1. lim (√𝑥 + 1 − √𝑥 − 1 ) = lim (√𝑥 + 1 − √𝑥 − 1 ).( )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ √𝑥+1+√𝑥−1
(𝑥+1)−(𝑥−1)
= lim
𝑥→∞ √𝑥+1+√𝑥−1
2
= lim
𝑥→∞ √𝑥+1+√𝑥−1
2
1
𝑥2
= lim
𝑥→∞ √𝑥+1+ √𝑥−1
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
2
∞ 0 0
= = =2=0
1
√1+ + √1−
1 √1+√1
∞ ∞

√𝑥 2 +𝑥+√𝑥 2 −𝑥
2. lim (√𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − √𝑥 2 − 𝑥) = lim (√𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − √𝑥 2 − 𝑥) . (√𝑥 2 )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ +𝑥+√𝑥 2 −𝑥
𝑥 2 +𝑥−𝑥 2 +𝑥
= lim
𝑥→∞ √𝑥 2 +𝑥+√𝑥 2 −𝑥
2𝑥
= lim
𝑥→∞ √𝑥 2 +𝑥+√𝑥 2 −𝑥
2 2
= lim = 1+1 = 1
𝑥→∞ √1+1+√1−1
𝑥 𝑥