Contoh Soal Limit Fungsi Aljabar

2
x −2 x−15
1. Diketahui lim
x→−3 x +3
( x −5 )( x +3 ) lim ( x−5 )= (−3−5 )=−8
Jawab: lim = x→−3
x→−3 x +3

x 2−2 x
2. Diketahui lim
x →0 4x
x ( x−2) (x−2) 0−2 −2
Jawab: lim =lim = =
x →0 4x x→ 0 4 4 4
2
x −1
3. Diketahui lim
x →1 x+1

12−1 0
Jawab: = =0
1+1 2

x 2−6 x +5
4. Diketahui lim
x →5 x 2−3 x−10
( x−1 ) ( x−5 ) ( x−1 ) ( 5−1 ) 4
Jawab: lim =lim = =
x →5 ( x +2 ) ( x−5 ) x →5 ( x +2 ) ( 5+2 ) 7

x 2 +5 x 2+7 x +2
5. Diketahui lim
x→−2 x+ 2
( x+ 2)( x ¿¿ 2+3 x+ 1)
Jawab: lim = lim ( x ¿¿ 2+3 x+1)=¿¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
x→−2 x+ 2 x→−2

¿ 4−6 +1
¿−1
x −4
6. Diketahui lim
x→ 4 √ x−2
x −4 √ x +2 ( x−4)( √ x +2)
Jawab: lim ∙ =lim =lim √ x+ 2=√ 4+ 2=4
x→ 4 √ x−2 √ x +2 x→ 4 x−4 x →4

7. Diketahui lim
√ 4−x− √ 4+ x
2
x →0 x +4 x

Jawab: lim
√ 4−x− √ 4+ x ∙ √ 4−x+ √ 4+ x =lim ( 4− x ) −( 4+ x ) ¿ ¿
x →0 x2 + 4 x √ 4−x+ √ 4+ x x→ 0 (x ¿¿ 2+ 4 x)¿ ¿ ¿
−2
¿ lim
x→ 0 ( x +4 ) ( √ 4−x+ √ 4+ x )
 −2
¿
(0+ 4)( √ 4−0+ √ 4+ 0)
−2 −2 −1
¿ = =
4 (√ 4+ √ 4) 16 8

( √ x−1−1 ) ( √ x+ 2−1 )
8. Diketahui lim
x →2 x−2
Jawab:
( √ x−1−1 ) ( √ x +2−1) ( √ x+2−1) ( ( x−1 )−1)( √ x+ 2−1) (x−2)( √ x+2−1)
lim ∙ =lim =lim
x →2 x −2 ( √ x−1+1 ) x →2 (x−2) ( √ x−1+1 ) x → 2 ( x−2) ( √ x−1+1 )

( √ x +2−1)
¿ lim
x →2 ( √ x−1+1 )

( √ 2+2−1) 1
¿ =
( √ 2−1+1) 2

x 3−27
9. Diketahui lim
x →3 x−3

( x−3 ) ( x 2 +3 x+ 9 )
=¿ lim ( x +3 x+ 9 )= ( 3 +3 ( 3 ) +9 ) =27 ¿
2 2
Jawab: lim
x →3 x−3 x→ 3

x +2
10. Diketahui lim
x→−2 √ x +6−2
lim ( x+ 2)( √ x +6+2) lim (x+ 2)(√ x+ 6+2)
Jawab: lim x +2
∙
√ x+ 6+2 x →−2
= = x →−2
x→−2 √ x +6−2 √ x+ 6+2 x +6−4 x+2

¿ lim ( √ x +6+2)
x →−2

¿ ( √ −2+6+2 ) =√ 4+ 2=4
2
x −x−6
11. Diketahui lim
x →3 4−√ 5 x +1

x −x−6 4+ √ 5 x+1
2
(x ¿¿ 2−x−6)(4+ √5 x+ 1)
Jawab: lim ∙ =lim ¿
x →3 4−√5 x +1 4+ √ 5 x+1 x →3 16−(5 x +1)

lim ( x−3)( x+2)(4+ √ 5 x+1)

¿ x →3
15−5 x
lim ( x−3)( x+2)(4+ √ 5 x+1)
¿ x →3
−5(x−3)

lim ( x+2)(4 + √ 5 x+1)

¿ x →3
−5
 (3+2)(4 + √ 5(3)+1)
¿
−5
(5)(4 + √ 16) 5(4+ 4) 40
¿ = = =−8
−5 −5 −5
2
x −4
12. Diketahui lim3
x →2 x +1

22−4 4−4 0
Jawab: 3 = =
2 +1 8+1 9
lim x 2+ 3 x −18
13. Diketahui x→ 3
2
x −3 x
lim ( x+6)(x −3) lim x +6
Jawab: x→ 3 3+ 6
= x →3 = =3
x(x −3) x 3

14. Diketahui lim

√ x−2
x→ 4 x −4
lim √ x−2
Jawab: x →4
=lim ( √ x +2 )=( √ 4+2 ) =4
( √ x−2)( √ x +2) x→4
2
9−x
15. Diketahui lim
x →3 4−√ x 2 +7
lim (4−√ x +7)(4+ √ x + 7)
2 2 2
lim 16−( x +7)
Jawab: x→ 3
= x →3 =lim (4+ √ x 2 +7)
4−√ x +7 2
4−√ x +7
2
x →3

¿ 4 + √ 3 +7
2

¿ 4 + √ 16=8

lim x 2+ x−6
16. Diketahui x→ 3
2
x +5 x +6
2
3 +3−6 9+3−6 6 1
Jawab: ¿ 2 = = =
3 + 5(3)+ 6 9+15+6 30 5
lim 8 x−4
17. Diketahui x→ 2
2 x−1
8(2)−4 12
Jawab: ¿ = =4
2(2)−1 3
2 x 2−8 x 2−2 x
18. Diketahui lim ( + )
x →2 x−2 2 x−4
Jawab: lim
x →2
¿

( 22 )=9
¿ ( 2(2)+4 ) +

2 x−4
19. Diketahui lim
x →2 x2−4
 lim 2(x−2) lim 2
Jawab: x →2 2 1
= x→ 2 = =
( x−2)(x +2) x+ 2 2+2 2
2
lim 6 x −4 x
20. Diketahui x→0

2 x 2+ x
lim 12 x−4
Jawab: x → 0 −4
= =−4
4 x +1 1
lim 3 x−6
21. Diketahui x→ 2
x+2
lim 3 ( 2 )−6
Jawab: x→ 2 6−6 0
= = =0
2+ 2 4 4
2
lim x −1
22. Diketahui x → 8
x +1
lim ( x−1)(x +1)
Jawab: x → 8 =lim x−1=8−1=7
x +1 x→8
2
x + x−6
23. Diketahui lim
x→−3 x +3
lim ( x +3)(x−2)
Jawab: x →−3 = lim x−2=−3−2=−5
x +3 x →−3
2
lim x −5 x+ 4
24. Diketahui x → 4
x−4
lim ( x−1)( x −4)
Jawab: x → 4 =lim x−1=4−1=3
x−4 x→ 4

lim x+ 4
25. Diketahui x →− 4
x +8
lim (−4)+ 4
Jawab: x →−4 0
= =0
(−4)+ 8 4
 Contoh Soal Turunan Fungsi

1. Turunan pertama dari fungsi f(x)=(2x+3)(5x+4)

Jawab: u(x)=2x+3
u’(x)=2
v(x)=5x+4
v’(x)=5

f’(x)=u ' ( x ) . v ( x )+ v ' ( x ) .u (x)

=(2)(5x+4) + (5)(2x+3)
=10x+8 +10x+15
=20x + 23
2. Diketahui f(x)=(4x3-3)(2x2+1)
Jawab: u(x)= 4x3-3
u’(x)=12x2
v(x)=2x2+1
v’(x)=4x

f’(x)=u' ( x ) . v ( x ) + v ' ( x ) . u(x )

=(12x2)(2x2+1) + (4x)(4x3-3)
=24x4+12x2 + 16x4-12x
=40x4 +12x2 -12x
x2 +2 x+ 1
3. Diketahui f(x)=
5 x−2
2
Jawab: u(x)= x + 2 x +1
u’(x)=2 x +2
v(x)=5 x−2
v’(x)=5

' '
f’(x)= u ( x ) . v ( x )−v ( x ) . u(x )
¿¿
= ( 2 x +2 ) (5 x−2 )−( 5 ) ( x +2 x+ 1 )
2

¿¿
( 10 x +6 x−4 ) −( 5 x 2+10 x +5 )
2
=
25 x2−20 x + 4
5 x 2−4 x−9
=
25 x 2−20 x +4
4. Diketahui f ( x )=4( 2 x 2 +2 x )
Jawab: f ( x )=8 x 2 +8 x
f’(x) = 16x + 8
5. Diketahui f ( x )=(x 2+ 2 x +3)(4 x +5)
 Jawab: u(x)= x 2+ 2 x +3
u’(x)=2x+2
v(x)=4 x+5
v’(x)=4

f’(x)=u' ( x ) . v ( x ) +u ( x ) . v ' (x)

=(2x+2)(4x+5) + (x2+2x+3)(4)
=8x2 + 10x + 8x + 10 + 4x2 + 8x + 12
=8x2 + 4x2 +10x + 8x + 8x + 10 + 12
=12x2 + 26x + 22
2
x +3
6. Diketahui f ( x )=
2 x+1
2
Jawab: u(x)=x +3
u’(x)=2x
v(x)=2x+1
v’(x)=2

'
f’(x)= u ( x ) . v ( x )−u ( x ) . v ' (x)
¿¿
= 2 x 2 x +1 )−( x +3 ) ( 2 )
2
( ) (
¿¿
4 x +2 x −2 x 2−6
2
= 2
4 x + 4 x+1
2 x 2 +2 x −6
=
8x+4
x−2
7. Diketahui f ( x )= 2
x +3
Jawab: u(x)=x-2
u’(x)=1
v(x)=x2+3
v’(x)=2x

'
f’(x)= u ( x ) . v ( x )−u ( x ) . v ' (x)
¿¿
= (1) ( x +3 ) −( x−2 ) (2 x )
2

¿¿¿
2
x +3−2 x + 4 x
= 4 2
x +6 x +9
x2 −2 x +4 x+3
= 4
x +6 x 2 +9
x2 +2 x+ 3
= 4
x +6 x 2+ 9
 5 x−4
8. Diketahui f ( x )=
5 x +4
Jawab: u(x)=5x-4
u’(x)=5
v(x)=5x+4
v’(x)=5

'
f’(x)= u ( x ) . v ( x )−u ( x ) . v ' (x)
¿¿
=
( 5 )( 5 x +4 )−( 5 x−4 ) ( 5 )
¿¿
25 x +20−25 x+20
= 2
25 x + 40 x +16
40
= 2
25 x +40 x +16
2
3x
9. Diketahui f ( x )=
2 x+1
2
Jawab: u(x)=3 x
u’(x)=6x
v(x)=2x+1
v’(x)=2

'
f’(x)= u ( x ) . v ( x )−u ( x ) . v ' (x)
¿¿
= ( 6 x ) ( 2 x+1 ) −( 3 x ) ( 2 )
2

¿¿
2 2
12 x +6 x−6 x
= 2
4 x +4 x+1
6 x 2+6 x
= 2
4 x +4 x +1
10. Diketahui f(x)=(x-1)2(x+1)
Jawab: u(x)=(x-1)2
u’(x)=2(x-1).1=2x-2
v(x)=x+1
v’(x)=1

f’(x)=u' ( x ) . v ( x ) +u ( x ) . v ' (x)

=(2x-2)(x+1) + (x-1)2(1)
=2x2 + 2x – 2x – 2 + (x-1)2
=2x2 + 2x – 2x – 2 + x2 – 2x + 1
=3x2 – 2x - 1