Reported speech

1. Idézetet bevezető mondat:

a. Present tense
b. Present Perfect nem változik meg az idézet igeideje
c. Future tense
„I’m a student”
He says he’s a student.
„They work abroad.”
He’s just said they work abroad.

2. Az idézetet bevezető mondat:

a. Past tense
b. Past Perfect megváltozik az idézet igeideje
„I like maths.”
He said he liked maths.

Present tense Past tense

Past tense
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Past Perfect
will (I shall/we shall) would (Future in the Past)
shall I/we should
can could
can(Future!)  would be able to
could had been able to
may might
must had to
(Future)would have to
needn’t didn’t need to/have to
mustn’t wasn’t allowed to
wasn’t to
should
ought to
used to
had better nem változik!
would rather
conditionals
probability/possibility

nem alakítjuk át az idézet igeidejét, ha örök igazságot, természeti törvényt fejez ki!
„The Earth goes around the Sun.”
Copernicus said the Earth goes around the Sun.
3. Kérdő mondatok:
a. eldöntendő kérdés: bevezető mondat + if/whether + alany + állítmány
„Do you like it?”
He asked me if I liked it.
„Have you ever met?”
 He wanted to know whether we had ever met.
„Will you do it?”-„Yes”
He wondered if I would do it and I answered I would.
„Can you help me?”-„No”
I inquired if he could help me but he couldn’t.
„Shall I join you?”
He asked me if he should join me or not.
b. kiegészítendő kérdés: bevezető mondat + kérdőszó + egyenes szórend
„Where do you live?”
He asked me where I lived.
4. Felszólító mód:
a. 2. személyekben:
„Open the window”
He told me to open the window.
„Don’t go there.”
He told me not to go there.
„Please take me home.”
He asked me to take him home.
„Keep quiet.”
He ordered the soldiers to keep quiet.
b. 1. személyekben:
„Let me do it”
She said she wanted to do it.
„Let’s have a drink”
She suggested having a drink.
5. Felkiáltó mondatokban:
„What a nice day!”
He exclaimed what a nice day it was/they were having.
„Oh my God! I’ve lost my money!”
She exclaimed bitterly that she has lost her money.
„Hello! What are you doing here?”
He said hello and asked what I was doing there.
6. Időhatározók változása:
now then
today that day
yesterday the day before that day/the previous day
the day before yesterday2 days before..
…ago …before
last… the previous…
tomorrow the next/following day
next… the next/following…

comego
herethere
thisthat