UNIT 3

INDIRECT SPEECH (REPORTED SPEECH) LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP

1. Usage:
Trong lời nói trực tiếp, chúng ta ghi lại chính xác những từ, ngữ của người nói dùng. Lời nói trực
tiếp thường được thể hiện bởi: các dấu ngoặc kép “……………………” -
Ex: He said, “He is tired and cold”
Một số lưu ý khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp.
Khi động từ tường thuật ở dạng quá khứ, ta lùi thì của câu như sau:
Rule Direct speech Reported speech
(Quy tắc) (Trực tiếp) (gián tiếp)
Present simple (V/Vs/es) Past simple (Ved)
Present progressive (is/am/ are +
Past progressive (was/ were + Ving)
Ving)
Present perfect (have/has + VpII) Past perfect (had + VpII)
1. Tenses Past simple (Ved) Past perfect (had + VpII)
(Thì) Past progressive (was/ were + Ving) Past progressive/ Past perfect
progressive (had + been + Ving)
Past perfect (had + VpII) Past perfect (had + VpII)
Future simple (will + V) Future in the past (would + V)
Near future (is/am/are+going to+V) Was/were + going to + V
2. Modal verbs Will Would
(Động từ khuyết Can Could
thiếu) May Might
Must Must/ had to
3. Adverb of This That
palace (Trạng từ These Those
chỉ nơi chốn) Here There
4. Adverb of Now Then
time (Trạng từ Today That day
chỉ thời gian) Yesterday The day before/ the previous day
The day before yesterday Two days before
Tomorrow The day after/the next (following) day
The day after tomorrow Two days after/ in two days’ time
Ago Before
This week That week
Last week The week before/ the following week
Last night The night before
Next week The week after/ the following week
5. Subject/ I/me She, he/ her, him
Object (Chủ We/ our They/ us
ngữ/ Tân ngữ) You/you I, we/ me, us
CHÚ Ý:
Đa phần các động từ tường thuật đều ở quá khứ. Tuy vậy, đôi khi động từ tường thuật có thể ở thì hiện
tại. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì ta không lùi thì. Ngoài ra ta phải chuyển đổi ngôi sao cho
phù hợp với từng tình huống.
Ex: Tom said: “I will go to England tomorrow”.
Tom said (that) he would go to England the next day.
Mary says: “I am from England”
 Mary says (that) she is from England.
EXCERCISES
I. Circle the correct answer.
1. My father always says that he (is/ was) very proud of me.
2. Mary told me she (will/ would) visit me this summer.
3. Jim wonders whether Jane (liked/ likes) him or not.
4. My teacher (says/ said) that we had to finish our assignment on time.
5. They told me that they (are/ were) going to move their house the following month.
6. My sister said she (can/ could) win the competition if she tried her best.
7. I told Jim that he (is/ was) the most intelligent person I knew.
8. The mechanic said that it (cost/ costs) up to $50 to fix my car.
9. They (say/ said) that they would help me if they had free time.
10. Jim said that he (has just got/ had just got) a new bike.
II. Put the following sentences into the reported speech.
1. She said, “I cant find my umbrella”.
 _____________________________________
2. They said, “We are learning English now”.
 _____________________________________
3. “Are you going visit your aunt tomorrow?” asked Tom.
 _____________________________________
4. “Listen to me and don’t make a noise”, said the teacher to his students.
 _____________________________________
5. “I’m tired of eating fish”, said Mary to Helen.
 _____________________________________
6. “The sun always rises in the east”, said our teacher.
 _____________________________________
7. “Where are you going for your holidays?” asked Martha.
 _____________________________________
8. “I didn’t steal your fur coat yesterday”, said Sammy to Jean.
 _____________________________________
9. “Let me help you make the sandwiches”, Judy offered.
 _____________________________________
10. “You must do your homework everyday”, said Miss Borne to us.
 _____________________________________
11. “Will we read the story?” Billy asked his teacher.
 _____________________________________
12. “I can’t go to school today because I’m ill”, said Mike.
 _____________________________________
13. “I haven’t caught any fish at all”, Peter complained.
 _____________________________________
14. “I don’t know where Archie is”, said Vicky
 _____________________________________
15. “Is this your father’s car?” the policeman asked Sandra.
 _____________________________________
16. “Which way is the post office?” the tourist asked.
 _____________________________________
17. “There isn’t much rain in the south of the country”, said Harry.
 _____________________________________
18. “Would you mind turning the music down?” Andrew said to Anne.
 _____________________________________
19. “Why didn’t you come to my party last night, Betty?” Tom said.
 _____________________________________
20. “I have no idea. I just go along to see what will happened”, the boy said.
 _____________________________________
III. Choose the best answer
1. John said he___________her since they___________school.
A. hasn’t met – left B. hadn’t met - had left
C. hadn’t met - left D. didn’t meet - has left
2. The woman asked__________ get lunch at school.
A. can the children B. whether the children could
C. if the children cam D. could the children
3. Laura said that when she___________ to school, she saw an accident.
A. was walking B. has walked
C. had been walking D. has been walking
4. He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?”
 He asked why__________ the final exam.
A. she took B. did she take
C. she hadn’t taken D. she had taken
5. Ba said he__________ some good marks the semester before.
A. gets B. got C. had gotten D. have got
6. They told their parents that they__________ their best to do the test
A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try
7. He__________that he was leaving that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
8. She said to me that she__________ to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
9. I__________him to sell that old motorbike.
A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. recommended
10. My parent reminded me__________ the flowers.
A. remember to plant B. plant
C. to plant D. planting
11. I asked Martha___________to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. is she planning
C. was she planning D. if she was planning
12. Nam wanted to know what time___________
A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin
C. the movie begins D. the movie began
13. I wondered___________he right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing
C. was I doing D. am I doing
14. The scientist said the earth___________ the sun.
A. goes around B. is going around
C. went around D. was going around
15. Peter said that if he___________rich, he___________a lot
A. is - will travel
B. were - would travel
C. had been - would have travelled
D. was - will travel
 KEY
UNIT 3
I.
1. is 2. Would 3. Likes 4. Said 5. Were
6. could 7. Was 8. Cost 9. Said 10. Had just got
- Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở thì hiện tại (say/tell) thì động từ trong câu gián tiếp giữ nguyên thì trong câu
trực tiếp.
- Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở thì quá khứ (said/ told) thì động từ trong câu gián tiếp cần lùi từ các thì hiện tại
(ở câu trực tiếp) sang các thì quá khứ (ở câu gián tiếp), từ thì quá khứ sang thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
II.
1. She said she couldn’t find her umbrella.
2. They said they were learning English then.
3. Tom asked if/ whether I was going to visit my aunt the next day.
4. The teacher asked his students to listen to him and not to make any noise.
5. Mary said to/ told Helen that she was tired of eating fish.
6. Our teacher said the sun always rises/ rose in the east.
7. Martha asked where I was going for my holidays.
8. Sammy told Jean that he didn’t steal/ hadn’t stolen her coat the day before.
9. Judy offered to help me make the sandwiches.
10. Miss Borne told us that we must/ had to do our homework everyday/ Miss Borne asked us to do our
homework every day.
11. Billy asked his teacher if they would read the story.
12. Mike said he couldn’t go to school that day because he was ill.
13. Peter complained that he hadn’t caught any fish at all.
14. Vicky said she didn’t know where Archie was.
15. The policeman asked Sandra if/ whether that was her father’s car.
16. The tourist asked which way the post office was.
17. Harry said there wasn’t much rain in the south of the country.
18. Andrew asked Anne to turn the music down.
19. Tom asked Betty why she hadn’t come to his party the night before
20. The boy said he had no idea and added that he just went along and saw what would happen.
III.
l. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C
6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C
11. D 12. D 13.A 14. A 15. B