THE PHILIPPINES AND IT’S PEOPLE

REPORTERS: NIRVANA GOLES and ALLONA JOY GONZAGA (BSA 1A)

GEOGRAPHY

The Philippines is an archipelago lying southeast of the coast of the main island of Asia.

> Located a little above the equator.

> Has approximately 7,107 islands and islets.

> A nation with a total land area of 300,000 square km.

BIGGEST ISLANDS IN THE PHILIPPINES

• Luzon

• Mindanao

• Negros

• Samar

• Palawan

• Panay

• Mindoro

• Leyte

• Cebu

• Bohol

• Masbate

MOUNTAIN SYSTEMS

• Mt. Apo in Mindanao- highest mountain standing in the Philippines

• Mt. Pulog on the Ifugao, Benguet boundary in Luzon- the second highest peak

• Other noted peaks are:

Mt. Banahaw in Laguna-Quezon

Mt. Halcon in Mindoro Oriental

Mt. Kanlaon in Negros Occidental

 Mt. Bulusan in Sorsogon

Mt. Matutum in Cotabato

RIVER SYSTEMS

• Cagayan River- the longest river whose annual flood fertilizes the Cagayan Valley

• Agno Grande- which drains Benguet and the valleys of Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan and
Tarlac

• Rio Grande of Mindanao- in water volume, it is the largest river

• Pasig River- the most historic river in the Philippine that connects Laguna de Bay to
Manila Bay

VOLCANOES

• There are more than 50 volcanoes in the country, which lies in the “ring of fire” in the
Pacific

• Mt. Mayon in Albay, Bicol which has a nearly perfect cone

• Taal, the smallest and most unusual volcano, being surrounded by a lake in Batangas

• The worst volcanic eruption in history happened at Mt. Pinatubo, Zambales in June 1991

NATURAL CALAMITIES

• Typhoon- it is called a “storm”

>The typhoons have different international names.

• Earthquake- it happen because of about 103 zones of weakness across the islands.

> The biggest is the Philippine Fault or Rift, a line from Luzon down to Mindanao

CLIMATE

• Tropical and maritime climate, tempered by the breeze from the Pacific Ocean on the
East and the China Sea on the west.

• Two major seasons: Dry season (from December to May) and Wet season (from June to
November)

• The coolest month is January; the hottest, May

ECONOMY

• Rice- main crop of the country and is cultivated in large quantities in central
luzon,WesternVisayas and Mindanao.

• Major exports

Coconut oil

Fresh bananas

Rubber

Sugar

Abaca

• Lumber, minerals and metals have been exported in large quantities

• Mining is a basic industry, produces more than 700 million pesos worth of minerals

• Energy and enough water source is used to supply electricity and fuel to run factories,
light homes, and offices and to move cars, trucks, and boats

POPULATION

DATE POPULATION

2000 77991569

2005 86274237

2010 93726624

2015 101716359

2018 106512074

2019 108106310

SOCIAL CLASSES

 The Rich
 -the members of the rich class represent about 10% of the population. They own or earn
about 90% of the wealth of the country. They are the wealthy industrialists, with big
corporations, the owners of large haciendas or plantations.

 The Middle class

-about 20% of the population, they are the professionals (doctors, lawyers, teachers,
accountants and etc.), skilled or semi-skilled workers in offices, factories or farms. They
are the backbone of the nation.

 The lower income groups or poor masses

-comprises about 70% of the population, but they only earn or share 10% of the wealth.
Members of this class earn only enough income to provide for their basic needs- foods,
rented homes, and simple clothes. Often they cannot earn enough to be able to save for
emergencies or for future needs.

GOVERNMENT

THREE BRANCHES OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT

 Legislative
-Legislative or law-making power is the power to make laws that are legal and binding.
-The Congress is the legislative body. It is composed of two houses- the Senate or upper
House and the House of Representative or the lower House
 Judiciary
-The judicial power is the power to interpret the laws of the land in cases of disputes.
-It is vested in the Supreme Court and the lower courts.
 Executive
-The President is the Chief Executive of the land. The President as “The Chief
Executive” is the most powerful person in the country.
-The Vice-President is not as powerful as the President is. The Vice-President’s main job
is to become President in case the President dies, become incapacitated, or is removed
from power.

CONSTITUTIONS:

 Malolos constitution
 1943 constitution
 1946 constitution
 1973 constitution
 1987 constitution
TRAITS

• Loyalty

• Hospitality

• Respect for the elders

• Sentimentalism

• Naturally curious

• Jealousy

• Fatalistic

• Sensitive

VALUES

• Regionalistic

• Sense of “pakikisama”

• Close Family Values

REFERENCES:

• Agoncillo, T. (2012). History of the Filipino People

• Zaide, G. &Zaide, S. (2004). Philippine History and Government

• Thesis. (2014-2015). Chapter One: Philippines and It's people

QUESTIONS

1. It is the smallest and most unusual volcano in the Philippines.

2. There are two major seasons in the Philippines,the wet and dry season.Dry season lasts
from December to ______ while Wet season lasts from June to ________

3. It is the smallest island in the Philippines.

4. What is the main crop of the country and is cultivated in large quantities of Central
Luzon, Western Visayas and Mindanao?
 5.The branch of the government which has the "law-making power"?

6.Philippines has approximately ______ islands and islets.

7.He/She is the chief executive of the land.

8-9. What are the two houses of the legislative body?

10.Who is the legislative body?

11. ______ is used to supply electricity and fuel to run factories, light homes, and offices.

12. It is a basic industry in the Philippines that produces more than 700 million pesos
worth of minerals

13. What are the three groups of islands in the Philippines?

14. The ________ main job is to become President in case the President dies.

15. Which of the three social classes in our country represent the 10% of the population?

16. Which of the three social classes in our country that comprises about 70% of the
population but they only earn and share 10% of their wealth?

17. It is the backbone of the nation that represents 20% of the population including the
professionals, skilled or semi-skilled workers in offices, factories, or farms.

18. It is one of the Filipino's traits that best symbolized in the phrase "Bahala na".

19-20. Give two values of Filipino.

ANSWERS

• 1.Taal Volcano

• 2. May and November

• 3. Masbate

• 4. Rice

• 5.Legislative

• 6. 7,107

• 7. President

• 8.Senate- Upper house

• 9. House of Representatives- lower house

• 10. Congress

• 11. Energy

• 12. Mining

• 13. Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao

• 14. Vice President

• 15. The rich class

• 16. The lower-income groups and the poor masses

• 17. The middle class

• 18. Fatalistic

• 19-20. Any of these values: Regionalistic, Sense of "pakikisama", Close Family Ties