CBSE

Class 11 Mathematics
NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Chapter 3
Trigonometric Functions

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

20. If sin (θ + α) = a and sin (θ + β) = b, then prove that

cos 2(α – β) – 4ab cos (α – β) = 1 – 2a2 – 2b2.

Sol. Given that:

sin (θ + α) = a and sin (θ + β) = b.........................(i)

cos (α - β) = cos [θ + α - θ – β) = cos [(θ + α) – (θ + β)]

But we have

∴cos (α - β)= cos (θ + α) cos (θ + β) + sin (θ + α) sin (θ + β)

= [

= using equation(i)

⇒cos (α - β)

Now cos 2 (α - β) – 4ab cos (α - β)

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= 2a2b2 + 2 – 2a2 – 2b2 + 2a2b2 +

= 1 – 2a2 – 2b2

Hence, cos 2 (α - β) – 4ab cos (α - β) = 1 – 2a2 – 2b2.

Hence proved.

21. If , then prove that .

Sol. Given that:

Using componendo and dividend rule, we get

⇒ ⇒

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⇒

⇒ Hence proved.

22. Find the value of the expression

Sol. Given that:

= 3[ cos4 α + sin4 (π + α)] – 2[cos6 α + sin6 (π - α)]

= 3[cos4 α + sin4 α] – 2[cos6 α + sin6 α]

= 3[cos4 α + sin4 α + 2 sin2 α cos2 α - 2 sin2 α cos2 α] – 2[(cos2 α + sin2 α)3 – 3 cos2 α sin2 α

(cos2 α + sin2 α)]

= 3[(cos2 α + sin2 α)2 – 2 sin2 α cos2 α] – 2[1 – 3 cos2 α sin2 α]

= 3[1 – 2 sin2 α cos2 α] – 2[1 – 3 cos2 α sin2 α]

= 3 – 6 sin2 α cos2 α - 2 + 6 cos2 α sin2 α

= 3 – 2 = 1

Hence, the value of the given expression is 1.

23. If a cos 2θ + b sin 2θ = c has α and β as its roots, then prove that

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 .

Sol. Given that: a cos 2θ + b sin 2θ = c.......................(i)

⇒ a – a tan2θ + 2b tanθ = c(1 + tan2 θ)

⇒ a – a tan2θ + 2b tan θ = c + c tan2 θ

⇒ a – a tan2θ + 2b tan θ – c tan2 θ – c = 0

⇒ - (a + c) tan2 θ + 2b tan θ + (a – c) = 0

⇒ (a + c) tan2 θ – 2b tan θ + (c – a) = 0...........................(ii)

Since α and β are the roots of equation (i) we have and are the roots of (ii)

⇒ [ sum of roots of a quadratic equation is

⇒ . Hence proved.

24. If x = sec – tan and y = cosec + cot then show that xy + x – y + 1 = 0

Sol. Given that: x = sec - tan

and y = cosec +cot

L.H.S.= xy + x – y + 1

= (sec - tan ) (cosec + cot ) + (sec - tan ) – (cosec + cot ) + 1

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 =R.H.S.

∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.

Hence proved.

25. If θ lies in first quadrant and then find the value of cos (30° + θ) + cos

(45° - θ) + cos (120° - θ).

Sol. Given that:

But θ lies in I quadrant ans so sin θ is positive

Now cos (30° + θ) + cos (45° - θ) + cos (120° - θ)

= cos 30° cos θ – sin 30° sin θ + cos 45° cos θ + sin 45° sin θ + cos 120° cos θ + sin 120°

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sin θ

Hence, the required solution =

26. Find the value of the expression

Sol.

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Hence, the required value of the expression .

27. Find the general solution of the equation

Sol. 5 cos2 θ + 7 sin2 θ – 6 = 0

⇒ 5 cos2 θ + 7(1 – cos2 θ) – 6 = 0

⇒ 5 cos2 θ + 7 – 7 cos2 θ – 6 = 0 ⇒ - 2 cos2 θ + 1 = 0

⇒ 2 cos2 θ = 1 ⇒

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∴

Hence, the general solution of

28. Find the general solution of the equation

Sin x – 3 sin 2x + sin 3x = cos x – 3 cos 2x + cos 3x.

Sol. Given that: Sin x – 3 sin 2x + sin 3x = cos x – 3 cos 2x + cos 3x.

⇒ (sin 3x + sin x) – 3 sin 2x = (cos 3x + cos x) – 3 cos 2x

⇒ – 3 sin 2x

⇒ 2 sin 2x.cos x – 3 sin 2x = 2 cos 2x.cos x – 3 cos 2x

⇒ 2 sin 2x cos x – 2 cos 2x.cos x = 3 sin 2x – 3 cos 2x

⇒ 2 cos x(sin 2x – cos 2x) = 3(sin 2x – cos 2x)

⇒ 2 cos x (sin 2x – cos 2x) – 3(sin 2x – cos 2x) = 0

⇒ (sin 2x – cos2x) (2 cos x – 3) = 0

⇒ sin 2x – cos 2x = 0 and 2 cos x – 3 ≠ 0 [∴ - 1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1]

⇒ ⇒ tan 2x = 1

⇒ tan 2x

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Hence, the general solution of the equation is .

29. Find the general solution of the equation

Sol. Given that:

Put

Squaring and adding, we get

Now the given equation can be written as

r sin α cos θ + r cos α sin θ = 2

⇒ r (sin α cos θ + cos α sin θ = 2

∴ ….(i)

Now

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⇒

Putting the value of α in equation (i) we get

Hence, the general solution of the given equation is

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