Project San Andrés Healthy, Phase II

Instructions for Family Health Improvement

2009
PAGE 2 Instructions for Family Health Improvement

PRESIDENCY OF REPUBLIC
DR. Álvaro Uribe Vélez
MINISTRY OF THE SOCIAL PROTECTION
DR. Diego Palacio Betancourt
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT, HOUSING AND
TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT
DR. Juan Lozano Ramírez
SAN ANDRES GOVERNMENT
DR. Pedro Gallardo Forbes
DEPARTMENTAL HEALTH SECRETARY SAN ANDRES
DR. José Antonio Rodríguez

PAN-AMERICAN ORGANIZATION OF HEALTH Marion Laverde Hirsch

Roberto Sempértegui Profesional Training Coordinator SENA San Andrés
Representative a.i. in Colombia
Translation
Teófilo Monteiro CLENNIE LEE LEVER
Advisor in Health and Environment
Style Edition
Fernando Galindo Díaz
National Coordinator of the Healthy San Andres Project
People in charge of the preparation,
Juan Guillermo Orozco design and validation of the handbook
Consultand Technical Health and Environment Anabella Cueto Alvarez
Habitat for Humanity Colombia
Johnny Walker Cardenas
Local coordinator of the Healthy San Andres Project Design
Andrea Paola Mora Salazar
HABITAT FOR THE HUMANITY COLOMBIA Habitat for Humanity Colombia
Edgar Alzate Díaz
National Director
Ilustrations
NATIONAL LEARNING SERVICE SENA Raúl Eduardo León Moscoso
Dr. Elizabeth Jay-Pang Díaz
Regional Director SENA San Andrés October 2009. Bogotá, Colombia
Instructions for Family Health Improvement PAGE 3

Contents
Page. Page.
Presentation
Credits

1. Use, operation and maintenance 5 1.3.5 Ventilation System 7

1.1 Rainwater storage System 5 1.3.6 Sink 7
1.1.1 Rainwater Channels 5 1.3.7 Advantages 7
1.1.2 Plastic tank 2000 lts. 5 1.3.8 Management 7
1.1.3 Interceptor tank 120 l 5 1.3.9 Maintenance 9
1.1.4 Connections and siphon inspection 5
1.1.5 Maintenance 5
1.4 Shower 9
1.4.1 Equipment 9
1.2 System health 5 1.4.2 Connections 9
1.2.1 Grease Trap 5
1.2.2 Well Infiltration 5
1.2.3 Maintenance and recommendations 5 1.5 Kitchen 9
1.5.1 kitchen table 9
1.5.2 Cupboard 9
1.3 Ecological Dry Health System 6 1.5.3 Domestic Water Filter 9
1.3.1 Tank 120 lts. 6 1.5.4 Dishwasher 9
1.3.2 Urinary 6 1.5.5 Rubbish can 10
1.3.3 Connections 6 1.5.6 Containers for storing food 10
1.3.4 CAL plastic container and
spoon 6
Instructions for Family Health Improvement PAGE 4

Introduction

The following manual provides a practical and easy way for the use, management and maintenance of

the family sanitary module for the families to make appropriate use and functional health and technologi-

cal solutions offered by the San Andres Healthy Project, which seeks to minimize risk factors for their

health and the environment arising dengue, leptospirosis and gastrointestinal diseases caused by water.
PAGE 5
1. Use, operation and maintenance
1.1 System of rainwater storage
1.1.1 Rainwater Channels.
The roof has a gutter and downspout system of plastic,
suitable to collect and distribute
rainwater.
1.1.2 Plastic tank 2000 lts.
It is used to collect rainwater, it has its
respective top and has a plastic key.
1.1.3 Interceptor tank of 120 lts.
In this tank the first rainwater that
cleans the roofs is stored, with their
respective top, floater and plastic key.
1.1.4 Connections and siphon inspection.
The system of rainwater harvesting has visual connections
from the downspout of the gutter to the interceptor tank and
bulk tank 2000 lts. It also has a siphon inspection serving to
remove all the waste water drag on the ceilings.
1.1.5 Maintenance.
 Keep roofs and gutters clean from all sort of dirt.
 Keep water tanks collectors (recipient of 2000 lts. And
interceptor 120 lts.) covered to avoid contaminating
Instructions for Family Health Improvement
water or soil and form breeding grounds for mosquitoes that
may affect the health of people living in the house.
 Periodically check the water connections.
 Keep the siphon inspection empty.
1.2. Health system
In this system, we collect the water from the kitchen, shower
and sink which are connected to a grease trap and thereafter
to the well infiltration.
1.2.1 Grease Trap.
It is a 80-liter plastic tank with
connections and buried in the
ground. It is a system that
separates grease and retains
water from the kitchen, shower
and sink.
1.2.2 Well infiltration.
At this point, the water comes from the grease trap.
1.2.3 Maintenance and recommendations.
 The grease trap must remain covered to avoid insects,
rodents and other animals.
 Remove the grease layer or floating material that forms
in the grease trap and bury it. This work must be done
every 20 days.
Instructions for Family Health Improvement PAGE 6

1.3 Ecological Dry Health System 1.3.2 Urinary.

The dry ecological toilet is designed to treat sewage or Didi The dry ecological toilet has two (2) types of
and human urine separately, using a chemical or biological toilets, a urinal for men and a potty seat on
process that requires no water. the toilet, used mainly by women, but of
equal use by both, at the time
To ensure that the excreta or Didi deposited of defecation.
within the plastic tank, do not generate any
offensive odor and insects, use a drying
material such as the CAL to cover the Didi,
urine can go to an infiltration pit in the
ground or be stored in a plastic container to
be used in agriculture due to the high 1.3.3 Connections.
fertilizer containing of the urine. The two (2) urinals have a connection
system with plastic tubing through which
Covering the Didi with the CAL each time we use the toilet, drains urine into a well of infiltration or
we removing bacteria, parasites and other microorganisms receiving tank if it is required by the user.
that make us sick. The drying process for the Didi, carries a
minimum period of three months, then we need a reserve 1.3.4 Container CAL and spoon.
tank that can be filled with Didi, also for three or four months, The dry ecological toilet must remain in a plastic container (1
while the other tank is dry. This process is always repeated. lts.)to have the CAL and with a spoon to disperse the CAL
on the Didi.
1.3.1 Plastic tanks of 120 liters.
The Health System has two (2) plastic
tanks, one as a deposit to store Didi and
another one to replace the first tank when it
is filled.
PAGE 7 Instructions for Family Health Improvement

1.3.5 Ventilation System.

The dry ecological toilet, has a
ventilation system connected close to
Didi's collecting tank, which can be
kept free of offensive odors health
system.

1.3.6 Sink.

The health system has a sink as a crucial part

of cleanliness and personal hygiene after
using the toilet.

1.3.7 Advantages.
The advantages of dry ecological toilet are: It requires no
water, cares for the environment, it is healthy, inexpensive,
easily constructed with labor and local materials, it is a clean
technology, it is clean, odor free and easy to maintain.

1.3.8 Management.
The success of dry ecological toilet depends on some factors
that we know to manage them easily.

A Healthy Ecological Dry Toilet

Depends On The Maintenance And Use.
Instructions for Family Health Improvement PAGE 8

What are these factors?

Tips to know what to do and do not in the dry ecological toilet system
What to Do Do not

Separating urine (men and women) of excreta or Didi, do not mix them. DO not mix urine or merge with Didi.

Urine contains essential chemical properties used to fertilize the soil. We should not take to dry ecological toilet water or chemicals.

Cover with enough Didi CAL. Do not flush sanitary napkins into the Didi tank.

Throw the dirty paper into the tank of Didi. Do not add CAL to the potty.

Pee in the right place, both men and women. Do not flush cleaning chemicals to the urinal (men and women)

Keep lid on the toilet. Do not leave unfilled or mix with CAL.

Keep the toilet clean and organized Do not allow children to touch or play with the CAL.

Educating children in the use of dry ecological toilet.

That all members of the house know the proper function of the toilet
and try it.

Always keep a bowl or mixing Cal to cover the Didi.

After drying of Didi, you can use these as fertilizer (mixed with soil) or
simply buried.
PAGE 9 Instructions for Family Health Improvement

1.3.9 Maintenance. 1.4.2 Connections.

 Ensure that the CAL is always available The shower is connected to the grease trap.
 Take care that Cal does not fall into the separator
where the urine goes, it can clog the conduit. 1.5 Kitchen
 To remove the smell of urine, add a little water with
1.5.1 kitchen table.
vinegar in the urinals.
Where food is prepared.
 Cleanse daily health, cup, floor, and the potty (with a
damp cloth and a little disinfectant). 1.5.2 Cupboard.
 Changed Didi storage tanks, must be done approxi- Wooden furniture with sliding doors to store food
mately every 4 months or when the tank is filled. and protect them from insects, rodents and pets.
 Periodically review the connections of urine and the
ventilation system to have a proper flow of the system.
 To prevent animals from entering to the dry ecological
toilet with closures or grids.
 Always keep the door secure where the tank is re-
moved from Didi with a pin or grid.
1.5.3 Domestic Water Filter.
1.4 Shower
Container with sand and activated carbon
It's where people bathe and cleaned their body.
filter that is used to improve the quality of drinking water and
make it more secure and thus prevent, diseases.
1.4.1 Equipment.
It consists of a plastic seat, a 20-liter plastic tank to store wa- 1.5.4 Dishwasher.
ter for bathing that should remain covered, a plastic container It is used for washing food and dishware. It has a drainage sys-
of 1-liter to take water, a soap and a towel. tem that goes to the grease trap.
Instructions for Family Health Improvement PAGE 10

1.5.5 Plastic cans for trash.  Place the filter in a place away from the floor, trash or
Container for trash and waste generated in the kitchen. It has polluting materials such as soap and disinfectants
a lid which must remain covering the canister and thus pre- (dishwasher)
vent domestic animals, insects and rats roam and contamina-
tion.
 Keep the filter in an easily accessible place for resi-
dents of the house
1.5.6. Food storage containers.  Keep the filter in clean condition inside and out.
They are plastic containers of - A container which collects the water for consumption
various sizes with their cover, should be clean and ensure they should be the same
allowing you to keep different one.
types of foods such as beans,  Keep plastic bag on the garbage can and well cov-
salt, sugar, rice, other. ered.
 Keep garbage cans away from food preparation spot
1.5.7 Maintenance. and dry ecological toilet.
 It is recommended to keep the kitchen table clean,  Do not let pets and children to come away
under optimal hygienic conditions before, during and  The garbage must be removed daily from the house to
after preparing food. where the garbage collector car passes.
 To avoid the presence of rats and insects it’s important  The garbage can should be kept clean inside and out.
to keep the place neat and airy kitchen.
 Keep tightly closed containers in which food is stored.
 Keep cupboard tightly closed
 The food storage containers must be clean and orga-
 The cleaning should be performed daily with a clean nized in the cupboard.
cloth and disinfectant.
 The Cupboard must always be closed and placed up
high, away from the floor and pets
 Project San Andrés Healthy, Phase II
Instructions for Family Health Improvement