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Physicsss 1 PDF
Physicsss 1 PDF
Physics 6A
Here the magnitude (speed) is 600 km/hr and the direction is East.
V= 600 km/hr
Normally vectors will be written in BOLDFACE or with an arrow above the letter:
r
V = 600 km/hr East or V=600 km/hr East
Notice that the diagram above has a non-bold V – this means magnitude.
So V=600 km/hr describes the magnitude of V.
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Is the new speed just 600 km/hr +100 km/hr = 700 km/hr?
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Is the new speed just 600 km/hr +100 km/hr = 700 km/hr? NO
Note: if the wind blows East, then we can simply add the numbers together.
Prepared by Vince Zaccone
For Campus Learning
Assistance Services at UCSB
Let’s try a quick example with our airplane.
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
100 km/hr
600 km/hr
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
600 km/hr
Suppose that while this plane is flying 600 km/hr East, it then encounters a wind
blowing North at 100 km/hr. How does this affect the VELOCITY of the airplane?
The plane gets blown off course, of course. We need to find the new VELOCITY.
Here is a diagram:
Next we will work out a (slightly harder) problem from the textbook.
Third
3.50 km
leg
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The first step is to set up a coordinate system. The most convenient thing to do
is just call East the x-direction and North the y-direction, as shown.
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Now we look at each leg of the journey and find the components:
First leg: This one is easy. 2.00 km in the x-direction; 0.00 km in the y-direction
We could label everything to keep it all organized: If the first leg is represented
by the vector V1, we can write the components separately.
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The 2nd leg has components in both x- and y-directions, so we can find the
components from our triangle rules:
V2x =
V2y =
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The 2nd leg has components in both x- and y-directions, so we can find the
components from our triangle rules:
V2x = +3.50*cos(45°) ≈ 2.47 km (positive for East)
V2y = -3.50*sin(45°) ≈ -2.47 km (negative for South)
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The 3rd leg has unknown components, but we can write them as unknowns:
V3x = ?
V3y = ?
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The next step is the only one where you have to think about the problem.
Since we know that the total journey from start to finish is 5.80 km East, we know
the components:
Vtotal,x =
Vtotal,y =
Third x
3.50 km
leg
The next step is the only one where you have to think about the problem.
Since we know that the total journey from start to finish is 5.80 km East, we know
the components:
Vtotal,x = +5.80 km
Vtotal,y = 0.00 km
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Finally we can just add everything up and solve for our unknowns.
We will have 2 equations – one for each direction:
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Finally we can just add everything up and solve for our unknowns.
We will have 2 equations – one for each direction:
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Now that we have the components, the last step is to combine them to get the
magnitude and direction of the vector for the 3rd leg.
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Now that we have the components, the last step is to combine them to get the
magnitude and direction of the vector for the 3rd leg.
V3 = 2.81 km
Prepared by Vince Zaccone
For Campus Learning
Assistance Services at UCSB
Problem 1.62
A sailor in a small sailboat encounters shifting winds. She sails 2.00 km east, then 3.50 km southeast, and then an
additional distance in an unknown direction. Her final position is 5.80 km directly east of her starting point. Find the
magnitude of the third leg of the journey.
5.80 km y
Start Finish
2.00 km 45°
Third x
3.50 km
leg
Now that we have the components, the last step is to combine them to get the
magnitude and direction of the vector for the 3rd leg.
Use the Pythagorean Theorem Use tan(θ) = Vy/Vx to find the direction
to find the magnitude:
tan(θ) = 2.47/1.33
V3 = (V3,x ) + (V3,y )
2 2
Θ = tan-1(1.86)
V3 = (1.33 )2 + (2.47 )2 Θ = 61.7° North of East
(this angle is measured above the x-axis)
V3 = 2.81 km
Prepared by Vince Zaccone
For Campus Learning
Assistance Services at UCSB