LILAWATI VIDYA MANDIR

2019-20
A PROJECT SUBMITTED FOR CLASS XII

CHARGING
DISCHARGING OF
CAPACITOR

SUBMITTED BY: PRANSHU GUPTA

UNDER GUIDANCE OF: MRS MANISHA SHARMA
 CERTIFICATE

THIS IS HEREBY TO CERTIFY THAT THE ORIGINAL AND GENUINE

INVESTIGATION WORK HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT TO
INVESTIGATE ABOUT THE SUBJECT MATTER AND THE RELATED DATA
COLLECTION AND INVESTIGATION HAS BEEN COMPLETED SOLELY,
SINCERELY AND SATISFACTORILY BY KARAN RAGHUVANSHI OF CLASS
XII-D, LILAWATI VIDYA MANDIR SCHOOL, SHAKTI NAGAR, DELHI-7,
REGARDING HIS PROJECT TITLED "CHARGING AND DISCHARGING OF
CAPACITORS IN R-C CIRCUIT".
TEACHER'S SIGNATURE
INDEX

1. CERTIFICATE

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. AIM

4. INTRODUCTION

5. MATERIALS REQUIRED

6. THEORY

7. DIAGRAM

8. EXPLANATION OF MODEL

9. OBSERVATION

10. conclusion

11. PRECAUTIONS

12. applications

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
To show the charging and discharging of a
capacitor and to use capacitor as a temporary
source of charge.
A CAPACITOR IS A DEVICE FOR STORING A LARGE
QUANTITY OF ELECTRIC CHARGE.

A CONDUCTOR CAN STORE A SMALL AMOUNT OF CHARGE

AND HENCE IT POSSESSES A SMALL CAPACITANCE. TO
STORE A LARGE AMOUNT OF CHARGE, TWO(OR MORE)
CONDUCTORS ARE ARRANGED TO FORM A CAPACITOR.

THUS, A CAPACITOR POSSESSES A LARGE CAPACITANCE

TO STORE CHARGE AND THAT TOO IN A SMALL SPACE.

CAPACITOR: AN ARRANGEMENT OF TWO METALLIC

CONDUCTORS, SO THAT WHEN ONE CONDUCTORIS CONNECTED
TO THE EARTH; THE OTHER CONDUCTOR HAS THE ABILITY
TO STORE A LARGE AMOUNT OF CHARGE ON IT, IS CALLED
CAPACITOR.

THE METALLIC CONDUCTORS ARE CALLED COATING OF THE

CAPACITOR. IF THE COATINGS ARE PLANE, SPHERICAL OR
CYLINDRICAL; THE CAPACITOR IS ACCORDINGLY CALLED A
PARALLEL PLATE CAPACITOR, SPHERICAL CAPACITOR OR
CYLINDRICAL CAPACITOR.
 MATERIALS REQUIRED

1. BATTERY 9V

2. CAPACITOR 1000μf

3. Two leds
4. Two switches
5. A resistor
6. Wire stripper, connecting wires and
battery connector
IF WE CONNECT A BATTERY ACROSS THE TWO PLATES OF
THE CAPACITOR, THE WORK IS DONE(OR ENERGY IS
SUPPLIED)BY THE BATTERY IN CHARGING THE CAPACITOR.

AS THE CAPACITOR CHARGES, POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE

ACROSS ITS PLATES INCREASES. MORE AND MORE WORK
HAS TO BE DONE BY THE BATTERY IN DELIVERING THE
SAME AMOUNT TO THE CAPACITOR DUE TO CONTINUOUSLY
INCREASING POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE ACROSS ITS PLATES.

THE WORK DONE IN CHARGING A CAPACITOR IS STORED IN

THE CAPACITOR IN THE FORM OF ELECTRIC ENERGY.

THE ENERGY STORED IN A CHARGED CAPACITOR RESIDE

INSIDE IT IN THE FORM OF ELECTRIC FIELD.
DIAGRAM
 EXPLANATION OF MODEL
AS YOU SEE IN THE MODEL, INITIALLY S-2 IS CLOSED IS
UNCHARGED.
1. ON CLOSING S-2, LED-1 GLOWS INSTANTANEOUSLY BUT
LED-2 GLOWS SLOWLY AS S-2 IS CONNECTED IN
PARALLEL WITH THE CAPACITOR, AS CHARGE GETS
STORED IN CAPACITOR, IT GENERATES POTENTIAL
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LED-2 AND IT GLOWS.
2. NOW WHEN LED-2 AND LED-1 ARE GLOWING AND
CAPACITOR IS SLIGHTLY CHARGED. BY CLOSING S-2,
YOU WILL OBSERVE THAT LED-1 BECOMES LIGHTER AND
GETS DIM AS CHARGE STORED ON CAPACITOR.
3. NOW OPEN SWITCH S-1, WHEN WILL YOU SWITCH ON S-2
WHOLE CHARGE CONTAINED CAPACITOR GETS RELEASED
AND LED-2 GLOWS WITH A BLINK AND GETS DIMMER.

OBSERVATION
HERE WE OBSERVE THAT THIS CAPACITOR GETS
CHARGED AND HAS DISCHARGED IT’S STORED
CHARGES TO THE LED-2.
 CONCLUSION

IF A CAPACITOR IS PLACED OVER A LED AND A RESISTOR

IN A CIRCUIT, IT HAS THE EFFECT OF KEEPING THE LED
ENERGIZED AFTER THE BATTERY HAS BEEN
DISCONNECTED. WHEN THE SWITCH IS CLOSED, THE
CAPACITOR CHARGES UP AND THE LED LIGHTS UP. WHEN
THE SWITCH IS OPENED AGAIN, THE CHARGED CAPACITOR
KEEPS THE LED SUPPLIED WITH THE CURRENT FOR A FEW
SECONDS.
 PRECAUTIONS

o Use carefully all the appliances

o Wires should be properly checked
before experiment .If there is worn and
tear in the wire it should be avoided.
o Use good quality battery
 ENERGY STORAGE
 PULSED POWER AND WEAPONS
 POWER CONDITIONING
 POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
 SUPPRESSION AND COUPLING
 SIGNAL COUPLING
 DECOUPLING
 HIGH-PASS AND LOW PASS FILTERS
 NOISE FILTERS AND SNUBBERS
 MOTOR STARTERS
 SIGNAL PROCESSING
 TUNED CIRCUITS
 SENSING
 CHANGING THE DIELECTRIC
 CHANGING THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN THE PLATES
 CHANGING THE EFFEECTIVE
AREA OF THE PLATES
 OSCILLATORS
 HAZARDS AND SAFETY
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

o Google.co.in
o En.wikipedia.org
o Concepts of physics part 1 by h.c.verma