THE KATIPUNAN
• To unite the whole archipelago into one
On July 7, 1892, the Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan was founded in the house of Deodato
Arellano at 734 Calle El Cano cor. Azcarraga.
Membership was through blood compact
symbolizing the foundation of the secret society,
which aimed the separation of the Philippines
from Spain and the expulsion of the Spaniards in
the country. The first Supremo of the Katipunan
was Deodato Arellano, followed by Roman Basa
and finally, Andres Bonifacio.
AIMS
Political – separation from spain
Moral – good morals, good hygiene
Civic – send help and defense of the poor and
the oppressed
To united the filos into one solid nation
To fight for ph independence from spain. The k
prepared the country for an armed revolution to
regain the country’s lost freedom.
KARTILYA/TEACHINGS OF THE KATIPUNAN
1. Importance of good morals and character
2. Equality amidst race and descent
3. Respect for women
4. Defense of the oppressed
Reform movement/PROPOGANDA
It began in 1872, when Fathers Mariano Gomez,
Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora were executed
at the Luneta.
La LIGA FILIPINA
Founded by rizal
AIMS
strong body
• Mutual protection of all members in case
of necessity
• The encouragement of agriculture
commerce and education
• Defense against any kind of violence and
injustice
• Study and application of reforms
PROPOGANDA MOVEMENT
It also means devotion to one's country, or
fighting for its independence. They started the
propaganda movement in Spain and the
Philippines to ask for more freedom and rights.
But this movement failed. When Rizal was exiled
to Dapitan, Bonifacio and other patriots started a
secret organization called the Katipunan.
MEMBERS:
It was organized and participated by the
illustrados. Dr. Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar
and Graciano Lopez Jaena are the leaders of the
said movement.
*patriots who waged their movement by means of
pen and tongue to expose the defects of Spanish
rule
REASONS WHY THE PROPOGANDA
MOVEMENT FAILED:
1. Spain was too pre-occupied with its own
internal problems to give a moment's thought to
the colonial problem
2. the reform movements in the ph lacked
sufficient means to carry out their aims, there
were not enough funds
GOALS:
  to create reforms in the Philippines.
 Students, who created the movement,
wanted the Philippines to be
acknowledged as a province of Spain
and to be represented in the Spanish
Cortes.
 Equality of the Filipinos and Spaniards
before the laws
 Assimilation of the ph as a regular
province of spain
 Restoration of the ph representation in
the Spanish cortes
 Filipinzation of the ph parishes and
expulsion of the friars
 Human rights for the filipinos, such as
freedom of speech/press/meet and
petition for redress of grievances
 grabbed the lands of the natives
2. Noli mi tangere
Juan Crisostomo Ibarra is a young Filipino
who, after studying for seven years in
Europe, returns to his native land to find that
his father, a wealthy landowner, has died in
prison as the result of a quarrel with the
parish curate, a Franciscan friar named
Padre Damaso.
3. El Filibusterismo
The protagonist of El Filibusterismo is a jeweler
named Simoun. He is the new identity of
Crisostomo Ibarra who, in the prequel Noli,
escaped from pursuing soldiers. It is revealed
that Crisostomo dug up his buried treasure and
fled to Cuba, becoming richer and befriending
Spanish officials.
4. Social classes during the Spanish period
 Peninsulares
 Insulares
 Illustrados
 Mestizos
 indios
5. Betrayal of Trust – The San Juan Del Monte
Bridge Incident
Finally, on February 4, 1899, Private William W.
Grayson, an American sentry stationed near the
San Juan Bridge shot and killed two unarmed
Filipino soldiers trying to cross into the American-
held sector. After the shot, the Filipinos began
firing.
6. Falla
Taxes
7. Gobernadorcillo
“little governor”
8. Revolt vs revolution vs rebellion
A revolution means a change in the way a
country is governed, usually to a different political
system and often using violence or war. When a
revolt happens, there is also violent action
against authority, but the scope and
consequences are smaller, more limited.
rebellion is (uncountable) armed resistance to an
established government or ruler
9. Battle of Manila Bay
Battle of Manila Bay, (May 1, 1898), defeat of the
Spanish Pacific fleet by the U.S. Navy, resulting
in the fall of the Philippines and contributing to
the final U.S. victory in the Spanish-American
War.
The battle took place in Manila Bay in the
Philippines, and was the first major engagement
of the Spanish–American War. The battle was
one of the most decisive naval battles in history
and marked the end of the Spanish colonial
period in Philippine history.
10. Sabah – historically should be part of the ph
but geographically it is part of Malaysia
The Philippines stakes its claim to Sabah by
citing an 1878 land lease agreement between the
Sultanate of Sulu and the British North Borneo
Chartered Co. The Philippines maintains that
the agreement was only for leasing the land and
did not render Sabah part of Malaysia when it
was formed into a federation in 1963.
11. Fall of Bataan
The Battle of Bataan was a battle fought by the
United States and the Philippines against Japan
during World War II. The battle represented the
most intense phase of Imperial Japan's invasion
of the Philippines during World War II.
TEJEROS CONVENTION
The Tejeros Convention (alternate names include
Tejeros Assembly and Tejeros Congress) was
the meeting held on March 22, 1897 between the
Magdiwang and Magdalo factions of the
Katipunan at San Francisco de Malabon (now
General Trias, but the site is now at Rosario),
Cavite.
The Magdalo faction of the Katipunan was a
chapter in Cavite, mostly led by Ilustrados of that
province during the Philippine Revolution. ... It
was officially led by Baldomero Aguinaldo, but his
cousin Emilio Aguinaldo (whose own Katipunan
codename was "Magdalo") was its most famous
leader.
andres bonifacio lost his popularity bec it was
Aguinaldo who was elected the president of the
new revolution of the ph. Despite his absence he
was elected.
14. Hermano Pule
in 1829, he decided to become a priest.
However, the secularization movement had not
yet progressed at this time. This meant that
natives cannot be ordained as priests in any
religious order in the Philippines. Thus, de la
Cruz was rejected.
/ Apolinario Dela Cruz from Tayabas
On July 22, 1815, Apolinario de la Cruz, also
known as Hermano Pule, crusader of religious
freedom, was born in Lukban, Tayabas (present
day Quezon province) to Pablo de la Cruz and
Juana Andres, who were both religious.
Apolinario wished to become a priest but was
disappointed when not one of the religious orders
in Manila wanted to accept him because he was
a native Filipino. It did not stop him, however, so
he entered the San Juan de Dios Hospital, where
he eventually became a donado (lay brother) and
member of the Cofradia de San Juan de Dios, a
religious brotherhood.
15. Heneral Luna
Antonio Luna (Oct. 29, 1866–June 5, 1899) was
a soldier, chemist, musician, war strategist,
journalist, pharmacist, and hot-headed general, a
complex man who was, unfortunately, perceived
as a threat by the Philippines' ruthless first
president Emilio Aguinaldo. As a result, Luna
died not on the battlefields of the Philippine-
American War but assassinated on the streets of
Cabanatuan.
16. Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation
On Dec. 21, 1898, President McKinley issued the
BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION
PROCLAMATION, announced in the Philippines
on Jan. 4, 1899, which stated the U.S.' "altruistic"
mission in acquiring the Philippines.
The U.S. have "come, not as invaders or
conquerors, but as friends, to protect the natives
in their homes, in their employment, and in their
personal and religious rights."
17. El adelentado
The title given to Legaspi as the first one
18. Nationalism, patriotism
Patriotism pertains to the love for a nation, with
more emphasis on values and belief.
Patriotism is love for your own country and
wanting it to do well. Nationalism is similar to
racism. It is the belief that your country is
superior to other countries.
19. June 12 1898
The most significant achievement
of Aguinaldo's Dictatorial Government was the
proclamation of Philippine Independence in
Kawit, Cavite, on June 12, 1898. The day
was declared a national holiday.
The Philippine Declaration of Independence
occurred in Kawit, Cavite on 12 June 1898 where
Filipino revolutionary forces under General Emilio
Aguinaldo proclaimed the sovereignty and
independence of the Philippine islands from
Spanish colonization after the latter was defeated
at the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898
20. July 4 1946
Republic Day (Philippines) The Flag of the
United States is lowered while the Flag of
the Philippines is raised during independence
ceremonies, July 4, 1946.Philippine Republic
Day, also known as Filipino-American Friendship
Day, is a commemoration in the Philippines held
annually on July 4.
21. Ciriaco, Procopio
Andres was the eldest in a brood of five. His
other siblings were Ciriaco, Procopio, Troadio,
Esperidiona and Maxima.
22. May 6 Fall of Corregidor
On May 6, 1942, Corregidor Island, the island
fortress at the entrance of Manila Bay, fell to the
Japanese Imperial Army. Upon the fall of the
Bataan peninsula on April 9, 1942, Corregidor
was the last bastion of Filipino and American
forces against the Japanese invasion.
23. April 9 fall of bataan
Previously called Bataan Day, the day is now
known as Araw ng Kagitingan or Day of Valour,
commemorating both the Fall of Bataan (9 April
1942) and the Fall of Corregidor (6 May 1942).
The Fall of Bataan. On April 9, 1942, officials in
command of Bataan—where Filipino and
American forces maintained the main resistance
in the war against the Japanese—formally
surrendered. ... Bataan has fallen. The
Philippine-American troops on this war-ravaged
and bloodstained peninsula have laid down their
arms.
24. Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (c.
1480-1521) set out from Spain in 1519 with a
fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route
to the Spice Islands.
25. Datu
He earned the title el conquistador
26. Lapu lapu
He is considered as the hero of the battle of
mactan
27. Battle of mactan
THE BATTLE OF MACTAN on April 27, 1521
marked the first organized resistance of the
Filipinos against foreign invaders. Raha Lapu-
Lapu, a chieftain of Mactan Island, defeated
Spanish sailors under Portuguese sea captain
and explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
28. Treaty of paris
The 1898 Treaty of Paris between Spain and the
United States discussed the terms ending the
Spain-US war. This Treaty of Peace ceded the
Philippines to the United States for $20,000,000.
The Treaty is a tale of three cities: Manila,
Washington and Paris.
29. Capture of Aguinaldo
March 23, 1901: Aguinaldo captured by U.S.
troops. On March 23, 1899, Philippine
revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-
1964) was captured by U.S. troops during the
Philippine War. ... Two years later, Aguinaldo
was captured by U.S. troops, and he reluctantly
pledged allegiance to the United States.
30. Common wealth govt
The Commonwealth era is the 10 year
transitional period in Philippine history from 1935
to 1945 in preparation for independence from the
United States as provided for under the
Philippine Independence Act or more popularly
known as the Tydings-McDuffie Law.
31. Marigondon cavite
The story of any historical tour to Cavite will not
be complete without visiting Maragondon. In
Maragondon, we visited the Bonifacio Trial
House which is also managed by the National
Historical Institute. Just like the Aguinaldo Shrine,
entrance is free and it's closed on Mondays.
32. Dagohoy
Dagohoy Revolt. It is famous in Philippine history
for being the longest of its kind. The rebellion
was led by Francisco Sendrijas or better known
as Francisco Dagohoy. The revolt happened in
Bohol and lasted for 85 years from 1744 to 1829.
It occurred in the Spanish era. The Dagohoy
revolt was a sequel to a prior rebellion known as
the Tamblot uprising which was headed by
Tamblot in 1621. But the Tamblot revolution was
a religious one because it was led by a native
priest.
SUEZ CANAL
This was opened in 1869 and it shortened the
distance and travel from Europe to the ph and
vice versa
BATTLE OF TIRAD PASS
On December 2, 1899, the Battle of Tirad Pass
between 60 Filipino soldiers under General
Gregorio del Pilar and more than 300 American
soldiers under General Peyton C. March took
place. ... The Filipino forces halted their fire too,
thus the whole valley fell silent.
JAPANESE INFLUENCE –
(culture/politics/social/education)
Today, the most notable Japanese influence on
Filipino culture has been in technology – such as
karaoke, videoke, cameras, etc.
>Filipino poetry: haiku, tanaga, karaniwang anyo
AMERICAN ERA
Religious Freedom – Protestantism
When the United States took over the
Philippines, the people began to be free to join
whatever religion they wanted. (During the
Spanish rule, the Catholic church was
established as the national religion and was
strongly enforced). Because of this new found
religious freedom, there began to be many
different churches besides Catholicism. Today,
it’s remarkable to see just how many different
Christian churches there are in the Philippines –
this religious diversity has become a big part of
the culture.
Free Education
Americans introduced the idea of free education
to the Philippine islands. The United States even
sent teachers to help establish schools where the >Filipinos adopted American names
Filipino children could have a free education. A
large group of these teachers were called
“Thomasites,” named after the boat that they
came on, called Thomas.

English

During this time, English began to be taught in

the schools, and this is the language that the
teachers would use. Even today, most Filipinos
can’t help but mix in English words when they
speak. “Taglish” has literally become part of the
culture. In fact, English is now the 2nd national
language. Lots of English words have made their
way into the Tagalog language. Often they are
pronounced the same, but the dictionary spelling
is Filipino-ized. Here are a few fun examples:
Infrastructure – built roads, streets, bridges
_helped make the movement of products and
services more efficient
-boulevards zone districts and centers of leisure
were also established
Health and sanitation
>value of cleanliess, proper hygiene, healthy
practices
LIVELIHOOD
>increase in agricultural production
>development of new industries
ATTITUDES
>frank, humorous
>stronger belief in rights
>pagmamano was replaced by kissing
the cheeks of parents and elders as a
sign of respect
LANGUAGE