The reason I chose this article was when I wrote this article, and I was not only describing

the rhetorical elements and structure of the article but also explaining these features to suggest

writing research articles in my discipline. According to an analysis article, I was more explicit

about how to analyze the article and write academic writing.

Article Analysis

The article “Popular music, gender and high school pupils in Japan: personal music in

school and leisure sites” was written by Kyoko Koizumi and published in 2002. 1 This article

investigated how high school students discourses popular music in different settings with

relationship to gender and quality of music practice by making observation, interviews and field

notes in different gender’s high school students.2 The results show that high school boys and girls

showed different cognitive attitudes towards music in different situations.3

This article consists of the abstract, introduction, ethnographic studies of youth, popular

music and gender, definitions of the three sites, Japanese popular music for youth today,

Conclusion.4 The article does not follow the IMRD structure because it does not have a clear

Method section. These two parts are replaced by definitions of the three sites and Japanese popular

music for youth today.5 Furthermore, I am going to analyze the introduction by using moves. In

the first paragraph, the first sentence is Move 3a that introduced Japan's popular music education

is almost 20 years behind that of the UK and this a stating the nature of the present research in this

1
Kyoko Koizumi, "Popular Music, Gender and High School Pupils in Japan: Personal Music in School and Leisure
Sites", Popular Music 21, no. 01 (January 2002): 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143002002064 (accessed
April 15, 2019).
2
Ibid.
3
Ibid.
4
Ibid.
5
Ibid.
article.6 The rest of the sentences are Move 1a and b that introduced the current status of popular

music in Japanese high schools by comparing the previous study in the other country. 7 In the

second paragraph is Move 3a and b. First, in the 1,2,3,4 sentences, the author uses Move 3a to state

the nature of the present research of Japanese popular music scene, for example, he said formal

music education in Japan is almost twenty years behind in Britain.8 Second, in the rest of the

sentences of this paragraph, he uses Move 3b to list the research questions of this study.9 In abstract

section, the first sentence is move 2 that shows the exigence of the previous research; there are few

studies researched a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between popular music and

high school students across both school and leisure sites.

The object of study in the article high school boys and girls have a different attitude about

popular music between school and leisure situations. 10 The purpose of this article is to append

missing links between boys and girls as listeners or performers of popular music in school and

leisure sites.11 Furthermore, this article is to discuss the reason for different attitudes of high school

6
John M Swales and Christine B Feak, Academic Writing for Graduate Students, 3rd ed. (reprint, The University of
Michigan Press, 2012).
https://www.press.umich.edu/2173936/academic_writing_for_graduate_students_3rd_edition/?s=look_inside
(accessed April 15, 2019).
7
John M Swales and Christine B Feak, Academic Writing for Graduate Students, 3rd ed. (reprint, The University of
Michigan Press, 2012).
https://www.press.umich.edu/2173936/academic_writing_for_graduate_students_3rd_edition/?s=look_inside
(accessed April 15, 2019).
8
John M Swales and Christine B Feak, Academic Writing for Graduate Students, 3rd ed. (reprint, The University of
Michigan Press, 2012).
https://www.press.umich.edu/2173936/academic_writing_for_graduate_students_3rd_edition/?s=look_inside
(accessed April 15, 2019).
9
John M Swales and Christine B Feak, Academic Writing for Graduate Students, 3rd ed. (reprint, The University of
Michigan Press, 2012).
https://www.press.umich.edu/2173936/academic_writing_for_graduate_students_3rd_edition/?s=look_inside
(accessed April 15, 2019).
10
Kyoko Koizumi, "Popular Music, Gender and High School Pupils in Japan: Personal Music in School and Leisure
Sites", Popular Music 21, no. 01 (January 2002): 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143002002064 (accessed
April 15, 2019).
11
Kyoko Koizumi, "Popular Music, Gender and High School Pupils in Japan: Personal Music in School and Leisure
Sites", Popular Music 21, no. 01 (January 2002): 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143002002064 (accessed
April 15, 2019).
boys and girls towards popular music on various occasions. The differences between boys' and

girls' attitudes.12 The exigence of the article is previous studies focused discussion popular music

in high students; few studies have investigated the important differences between high school boys'

and girls' discourse on popular music, both in school and leisure.13 The author studied this topic

through data collection in interviews from high school students. The relevance of the article

included two sections. First, schools should have a deep comprehension of the different music

preferences of boys and girls, rather than teaching students what popular music that teachers’ think

is.14 Such as teachers think “standard music” which is played by successive generations is popular

music for students.15 Second, this study is valuable for researchers who want to study of gender,

popular music, and high school pupils in Japan.16

This article uses data collection, such as observation, interviews and field notes to

investigate different high school students.17 However, this article uses data from interviews that

make readers see the investigation process clearer.

Reference

Koizumi, Kyoko, "Popular Music, Gender and High School Pupils in Japan: Personal Music in

School and Leisure Sites", Popular Music 21, no. 01 (January 2002): 107-125.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143002002064 (accessed April 15, 2019).

12
Kyoko Koizumi, "Popular Music, Gender and High School Pupils in Japan: Personal Music in School and Leisure
Sites", Popular Music 21, no. 01 (January 2002): 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143002002064 (accessed
April 15, 2019).
13
Ibid.
14
Ibid.
15
Ibid.
16
Ibid.
17
Ibid.
Swales, John M, and Christine B Feak. Academic Writing for Graduate Students. 3rd ed.

Reprint, The University of Michigan Press, 2012.

https://www.press.umich.edu/2173936/academic_writing_for_graduate_students_

3rd_edition/?s=look_inside (accessed April 15, 2019).