Fluid ( = 1 x 10-5 m2/s) flow in a uncoated cast iron pipe with a diameter of 100 mm and length of 120 m. The head loss estimated is 5 m. Determine the flow rate/discharge.
Step 1 – Assume a value of friction factor, f.
Step 2 – Calculate velocity, v from Darcy Weisbach Equation f L v2 2g D h L hL = v= 2gD fL
Step 3 – Calculate Re number.
Step 4 – Calculate k/D Step 5 – Determine friction, f from the Moody diagram. Step 6 – If f determined in step 5 is the same as f assumed in step 1, then stop the calculation. If not repeat step 1 – 5 until they are the same ftrial v Re k/D f
0.03 1.651 1.65 x 10 4 0.003 0.033
0.033 1.598 1.59 x 10 4 0.003 0.033
So , discharge, Q = vA = (1.598)( (0.1)2/4 = 0.0126 m3/s
EXAMPLE Determine D Given hL, L, Q, , k
Determine the diameter of a pipe to carry water ( = 1.14 x 10-6 m2/s)
through a length of 180 m at a rate of 85 l/s. The head loss estimated is 9 m. The pipe is to be a galvanised iron type ( k = 0.15mm).
Step 1 – Assume a value of friction factor, f.
Step 2 – Calculate diameter, D from Darcy Weisbach Equation f L v2 8f L Q 2 hL = D=5 2gD g π 2h L
Step 3 – Calculate Re number. 4Q
Re = πDυ Step 4 – Calculate k/D Step 5 – Determine friction, f from the Moody diagram. Step 6 – If f determined in step 5 is the same as f assumed in step 1, then stop the calculation. If not repeat step 1 – 5 until they are the same ftrial D Re k/D f