Final Na Final Stress

SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL
Roxas Boulevard, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, Philippines

Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
Lack Unlock: Academic Coping Strategies of Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics (STEM) Students from the Dearth of Electronic Resources
A Research Project
Presented to the Faculty of the
Senior High School Department
San Carlos City, Pangasinan
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Practical Research I
Martin, Krystel Ann A.

Cabanilla, Nemiah P.
Sabado, Gerlie S.
Malicdem, Mc Donald G.
Posadas, Liz Christopher J.
March 2019
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Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
In today’s world, Technology has been gradually integrated into the global
education system over the years. Modern Technology and Education have changed
significantly in the last twenty years. One of the main reasons education has undergone
so many changes is because of technological development.
In today's’ society, the impact of technology has played a vital role in every realm
of everyday life and with that, education is no exception. Information and
communications technologies (ICTs) infiltrate classrooms around the world at an
exceedingly rapid pace. In the wake of this influx, technology ushers in fundamental
structural changes that can be integral to achieving significant improvements in
productivity. Although technology is finally being integrated into education, its use for
teaching and learning remains a challenge. And despite the fact that many schools today
are privileged to have ready access technology, trained teachers, and a favorable policy
environment, the use of technology in the classroom is still low. (Joyce Waddell, 2015).
Thus, the emergence of technology has a profound impact on the educational
landscape of our society. Technological advancements in studying and assessment have
made it possible for learning institutions to become more effective and efficient. Students
do not have to use old and outdated textbooks anymore as there are millions of digital and
online learning materials available today. More electronic resources enable the student to
have better learning. Fewer resources make them hard to cope up in class. The way we
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use technology has completely transformed the way we live our lives. Educators, too,
have seen firsthand the benefits of technology in the classroom. According to a study by
IT Trade Association CompTIA released last August 13, 2015, around 75 percent of
educators think that technology has a positive impact on the education process. Educators
also recognize the importance of developing these technological skills in students so they
will be prepared to enter the workforce once they complete their schooling.
Technology can provide differentiation in the classroom, giving all students the
opportunity for success by allowing them to work through projects or concepts at their
own pace. Technology can give help to disabled students or students with learning
disabilities. And it can also easily enrich the advanced student. Due to this, several
studies have examined the effects of various technology resources like mobile phones,
(Maher, & Orlando, 2018) and laptops (Zheng, 2016) in the students learning.
Electronic resources are learnings which are needed by the students in school as
we sail through the 21st century; technology in the classroom is becoming more and more
predominant. The impact that technology has had on today's school has been quite
significant. This widespread adoption of technology has completely changed how
teachers teach and how students learn. But owning or having access to technology is
usually only a first step. Even more important is learning how to use it. This is one of the
biggest challenges facing anyone who wishes to have or use electronic tools because
knowledge is always easy to acquire. Many people, of course, are highly skilled in
computer technology and know how to teach themselves to do almost anything but many
other people have limited computer skills, electronic resources and not having internet
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are easily intimidated by new unfamiliar tasks, and tend to avoid doing anything that
requires them to learn something very different from the thing which they are
accustomed. Damian Maher (2018) stated that a mobile phone serves many important
functions. One includes the phones provision of a link between the students and their
parents, which has an important role to play in ensuring their safety. The other shows
medical apps are important to support the health of young people, such as managing
diabetes, and other apps that need to be accessed during school hours. Digital literacy is a
critical aspect of young people’s schooling and research shows mobile phones can play a
role in supporting such learning. It’s important that students learn with these devices so
they can effectively participate in school, and it is also important to educate children to
live well in the era in which they are growing up. A good education for students today
knows how to use technology to learn, communicate and work with ideas. There is a
significant research that shows selective, quality and empowering uses of technology
provides new learning opportunities and the ability for students to develop skills they will
need for their careers. (Joanne Orlando, 2018). Mobile phones help students to continue
to learn off-campus, later in life in their tertiary education, and in their professional
learning.
While it may seem like almost everyone has internet access, a shocking number of
families lack fast or reliable internet connections. There are roughly 5 million households
with school-age children who don’t have internet access at home. That means millions of
students are being left behind. Here are many ways that a lack of internet access can
affect a student’s academic performance. Students without internet can’t connect with
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teachers or classmates, do independent research, or get online homework help. For
families, not having internet access can mean missing out on information or losing out on
a direct line of communication with schools and teachers. Lack of reliable, high-speed
internet will only make the so-called achievement gap wider. Now low-income and
minority students may also have to fight against the gap between students with internet
access and those without. This new inequality is often called the digital divide, and it is a
growing problem in education. Who exactly are these students without internet access? In
2015, the Pew Research Center analyzed data from studies on internet access and found
that the problem is mainly in low-income families. Among households with an annual
income under 1 million, 31.4% don’t have internet access. For households with an annual
income over 1million, the number is much smaller—only 8.4% lack access to the
internet. In the last several years, schools across different countries have experimented
with providing each student with a laptop to facilitate learning. BinbinZheng (2016)
looked at nearly 100 studies of the use of laptops in the classroom, known as “one on one
computing environments.” The research found that when schools provided students with
laptops for use in the classroom and at home, learning improved in a number of subjects.
Students received more feedback on their writing, edited and revised their papers more
often, drew on a wider range of resources to write, and published or shared their work
with others more often. Many educators who have been using laptops in the classroom
have already discovered the advantage of this versatile tool.
However, while this sounds like a great idea in the digital age, many people think
that this is a bit ill-timed. Despite the higher budget allocations from the government, the
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state of education in the Philippines still lags compared to our Southeast Asian neighbors.
Longstanding problems such as lack of resources and poor infrastructure all contribute to
our consistent poor performance. A large number of schools in the country, mostly the
public ones still have no basic internet connection and computer laboratories. That being
said, today's’ reality is that basic technology and internet access are missing in the lives
of the majority of local low-income public students. Many have no computers at home,
mobile phones, internet, and the technical conditions at their schools are typically
abysmal.
Students believe that technology helps them retain information better. It is in this
light that the purpose of this study is to determine the academic coping strategies of
Grade 11 STEM students of Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School
(SEPNAS) from the dearth of electronic resources, and use it to help the other students on
how they will overcome the same situation and to inform students who lack electronic
resources the ways on students stand up in class.
Statement of the Problem
Students that are taking STEM education in their senior high school are basically
experiencing a hard life. Lessons are spread on the internet even the questions that you
have in your mind can be solved in just a second through the internet, but how about those
students who don’t have enough money to purchase one of the electronic resources? That's
why we, the researchers, formulated and found the answers to the following queries:
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1.) How do students who use their personal electronic equipment differ from those who
have of such in terms of study habits?
2.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of having electronic gadgets as study aids
or tools?
3.) How does having gadgets as study aids compare to those who do not have one in terms
of devising other means to aid them in their studies?
Significance of the Study
The study we conducted find out the means in maximizing oneself from the dearth
of electronic resources and the coping tactics of those who don’t possess electronic
resources on their academic outcome in Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural
School(SEPNAS). The result of this study is beneficial to STEM students who don’t have
electronic resources and to those students who possess their personal electronic resources
because this can furnish empirical information as bases for knowing the difference of
having and not having electronic resources in terms of study habits.
The result of this research will help the STEM students who lack electronic
resources to surmount the scarcity of electronic resources and guide them to cope up on
their studies.
This study will also benefit the STEM students who possess electronic resources
because it will give them information about the advantages and disadvantages of using
electronic devices in optimizing their academic outcome. This paper will also encourage
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them to make an effort in supporting their classmates who don’t possess electronic
resources.
We, the researchers, also hope that the result of this study would also be a great
help to future researchers and to all future STEM students who are interested to know more
about academic coping strategies in the absence of electronic resources.
Scope and Delimitation
The study is phenomenology in nature and focused on Grade 11 Science,
Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students of Speaker Eugenio Perez
National Agricultural School (SEPNAS).
The research sample is composed of (27) STEM A and (26) STEM B students.
Interview is used as the primary data gathering method in this study so that the researchers
could determine the informants' perspective of possessing resources and what coping
strategies do the students make in terms of academic from the state of not having enough
electronic resources. And for those students that have such resources, what's their coign of
vantage and how do they differ in terms of study habits from those students experiencing
scarcity in electronic resources and what's their way of helping them to cope up.
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Chapter II
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods of research used in the study. It also includes the
sources of data such as the locale of the study, population sampling, instrumentation and
tools for data analysis that has been utilized to treat the data.
Research Design
The researcher used the phenomenology type of Research Design. Phenomenology
is an approach linked with a distinctive set of methods and procedure that is useful in
seizing, examining and finding meaning in one’s everyday existence (Guest, Namey and
Mitchell, 2013). The goal of phenomenological studies is to describe the "lived experiences
and lived human relations or being in the world of people", that are of interest to the
researcher (Denzin, 1989). Phenomenology type of research design is the most useful for
this study, considering that the researchers shall focus on the present situation (how)
regarding the topic of coping up in class from the dearth of electronic resources.
It is well known that when student lacks electronic resources such as laptops, smart
phones, printers at home and digitized lessons. Although a large amount of money is
needed to be these resources, Student sufferings from the dearth of electronic resources can
be minimized through effective strategies on how to cope up in class.
Since the researchers are concerned with the academic coping strategies of STEM
students, the researchers used phenomenology as the qualitative research approach that
facilitates understanding human experiences about the study. This approach is used in this
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study because the participants in this study lack in electronic resources for them to cope
with their studies, wherein students nowadays cannot do their homework, projects and
activities without these electronic resources.
The researchers chose the STEM students as their participants in this study because
some of the lack in electronic resources that make them push harder to cope with their
classmates and to make good grades despite the deficiency in electronic resources.
Duration and Locale of the Study
This study was conducted for 5 weeks covering the last week of February until the
last week of March at Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School.
In 1900s a primary school was established in consonance with the educational
policy of the early American. The school was first house in a provincial building in Cava
St. but was later transferred to the Tribunal Building, former Presidencia, (now the City
Hall) where classes were held up to 1915. Seeing the need for a vocational school to exploit
the vast natural resources, the Philippine Legislature changed the name of the school which
was then called the San Carlos Farm School in 1914. The government bought out thirteen
and a half first class land in Salcedo St. (now Roxas Blvd.). Thus, began the pioneer
establishment of the Farm School. The old name Farm School was then changed to Rural
High School in 1928.
In 1956, the school was selected as one of the Regional Community Development
and Training Centers, and was also selected as a training center for off-campus teachers
form the college of U.P. and later on the Central Luzon State University and Mountain
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State Agricultural College. By virtue of a bill sponsored by Angel B. Fernandez of the
second district of Pangasinan, the name of the school was again changed to Speaker
Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School in 1964, and became well-known today as
SEPNAS. As the time passed by, SEPNAS continued to grow and gained many
achievements. In 1974, the new two year course Agriculture Technician Course was
offered. The year after that, the school was selected as one of the Seed Production Centers
in the country. And in 1976, SEPNAS was the only surviving center and has been the model
center of Region 1.
At present, the Senior High School department was integrated in consonance with
the K-12 program of the government. There are new buildings and properly ventilated
classrooms designated for the senior students. There are toilets, lavatory facilities as well
as water facilities in every building. Covered walks are also constructed to protect the
students from inclement weather when going from one building to another.
SEPNAS has a total land area of 35 hectares, and has more than 4000 junior high
school students and nearly 2000 senior high school students, making it the biggest public
school in San Carlos City.
Population and Participants
The researchers decided to interview the Grade 11- Science Technology
Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students of Speaker Eugenio Perez National
Agricultural School (SEPNAS) as their participants. There are about 53 students enrolled
in SEPNAS, 27 of which are from Grade 11 STEM-A and 26 are from Grade 11 STEM-
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B. The ideal informants for this study are those students who suffer from dearth of
electronic resources and also those students who have such resources.
The researchers intentionally chose their informants to make sure they are ideal
participants of the study. The researchers chose the informants through criterion sampling.
A type of sampling wherein the researcher reviews and studies cases who met some pre-
determined criterion (inclusion-exclusion criteria) while the informants should meet the
criterion that the researchers were looking for. The point of this type of sampling is to be
sure to understand cases that are likely to be information-rich because they may reveal
major system weaknesses that become targets of opportunity for program or system
improvement.
The researchers interviewed six females and one male, all enrolled in Grade11,
where in three were qualified as those who have electronic resources and four were in those
who suffer from the dearth of electronic resources.
Informant 1 was given the pseudonym Drell, a 17 year-old male who lived in Brgy.
Palaris San Carlos City.
Informant 2 is a 17 year-old female who is grade11 STEM-A, who suffer from the
dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Jaja.
dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Olaf.
Informant 4 is a 16 year-old female who is grade11 STEM-A, who have electronic
resources, we the researchers named her Yazh.
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Informant 5 is a 17 year-old female who is grade11 STEM-B who have electronic
resources who lived in Brgy. Tarece San Carlos City Pangasinan, we the researchers named
her Azel.
dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Olaf.
dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Germs.
Materials and Procedure
The interview or direct method is the main instrument that is used in this study. It
is a data gathering device wherein the interviewer gets the needed data or information from
the informants verbally and directly in a face to face contact. The researchers prepared a
set of predefined semi-structured questions. They will design an interview guides to
generate answers that emphasize the strategies of the Grade 11 STEM students who lack
in electronic resources and who encounter learning problems.
Acquiring all the spoken words by making a written copy is difficult to do during
the actual interview. Because of this, the researchers used a recording device to help them
in gathering the statements of the informants. These interviews were transcribed to prepare
them for data analysis.
Permits are secured from the authorities before conducting data collection. The
researchers seek permission from the principal of the research site and the consent of the
Grade 11 STEM students before conducting the interview upon the approval of the
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principal. The interviews were conducted in a well-mannered way, and the objectives of
the study were explained before conducting data collection.
The interviewers asked and inform the interviewees that there would be a recording
device that will record every statements or information that they will say. The
confidentiality of the information gathered and the protection of their rights as the
informants will be considered in this study. The informants may discontinue participating
at any time and are free to withdraw at any stage of the study. The gathered data from the
interview were summarized and were included in the preliminary data analysis.
Certain procedures followed by the researchers while conducting the data collection for
this study:
1. Securing authorization. The letter is set seeking for approval of the school principal
that will allow the researchers to interview the qualified informants from the students
enrolled in her school jurisdiction.
2. Knowing the informants' brief background. Identifying the necessary background
information about the informants is the researcher's first task to know if they can be
qualified as the study’s informants
3. Proving interview consent. The researchers will ask the participants about the interview
by giving printed permission. The consent contains essential information for the informants
to know.
4. Securing the confidentiality. As part of the researchers’ obligation, the interviewees
guaranteed the confidentiality of their privacy. The researchers will assure them that any
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information recorded will not be shared with the public. The researchers will ask the
Informants if revealing their names in this study if fine for them.
5. Preparing the instruments. The researchers prepared questions that will be used for the
interview. The researchers will remind the interviewee that the recording device (cellular
phone) will be used in the interview.
6. Informing about the transcript. The researcher will inform them that a transcript would
be provided for clarification and amendment.
7. Starting the interview. The researchers will make the informant chill for the interview
for them to answer correctly and ease up nervousness. The researchers will then start the
interview by asking the informants questions related to this study.
8. Taking notes carefully. The researcher will not only record but also listen carefully and
took down the essential information in case of environments noise.
9. Validating the instrument. The validation of the recording will check after the interview.
The researchers will begin to construct by the transcript after validating the recording. The
data gathered will be analyzed and interpreted, and we will formulate themes that will serve
as the answers to the research problems.
Data Analysis
The researchers used thematic analysis in the treatment of data. Thematic analysis
is the process of identifying patterns or themes within qualitative data. Braun & Clarke
(2006) suggest that it is the first qualitative method that should be learned as ‘...it provides
core skills that will be useful for conducting many other kinds of analysis’ (p.78). This is
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perfect for both novice and expert qualitative researchers because the steps are easy to
follow but meticulous enough to generate meaningful findings from the data.
The data were gathered through audio-recorded interviews. The data gathered were
construed and write out to facilitate analysis of textual data. Each line of transcribed data
(segments) will allocate a momentous code base on the meaning or context of each
segment. In doing so, research sub-problems will be kept and sustained.
Using inductive method, the codes were classified into relevant categories that are
aligned to the goals or purposes of this study. This will rely on inductive reasoning, which
themes emerge from the raw data through repeated examination and comparison that will
make the categories exhaustive, mutually exclusive, sensitizing and conceptually relevant.
Using deductive method, the categories were grouped and regrouped into minor
and major subthemes until only a single theme do as many as seven themes at most emerge.
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Chapter III
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter presents the analyses and interpretations of the data obtained in the
study and discusses an in-depth exploration of the research problem. Its findings were
based on the data gathered through the transcript of interview from the informants. Those
data were then analyzed to be presented, discussed and interpreted and emerged as the
themes that serve as answers to the research phenomenon at hand.
Results
Table 1 presents the themes of the students without electronic resources that came
about from the data after doing careful analysis.
Theme 1: Not having an electronic device improves brain functions.
Eventually, not having an electronic device improves attentiveness that a student
must have in class. According to informant Germs, the inability of having a phone
reduces distraction while studying. She stated, “nakikinig na lang ako sa ano, ano sa
teachers instead na mag cellphone during discussion tapos sa bahay review na rin kasi
wala namang laptop para manood or something, wala ring internet, wala ng facebook,
wala ng distraction.” (During discussion, instead of using a phone, I’ll just listen to the
teachers, and then at home, I’ll just review (my notes) also, because there is no laptop to
entertain me or something, there’s also no internet, no facebook, no distraction.) She also
stated that having a phone reduces a person’s time to interact with one another. “Oo
parang mas marami kasing time sa akin, mas marami silang time sa akin na makipag
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kwentuhan, kasi yung isa diyan nakatutok sa cellphone kaya parang wala kaming time sa
isat-isa ganun.” (Yeah, it’s like they have more time for me. They have more time to
engage in a conversation. Because there is this certain person who’s always focused on
her phone that we don’t have enough time for each other, like that.)
While according to informant Olaf, not having a phone makes a person’s mental
health stable. She said, “Ah, ano. Maaga akong natutulog ganun. Tas nakakapagreview
nang maayos. Nakakapagsulat ganun. Mas maganda yung takbo ng utak.” (I can sleep
early, and I can also review well. My thoughts are more aligned.). In addition to these she
said that, not having a phone will make you care about your surroundings. “Kasi para
sakin nagreretain yun sa utak ko, ganun. Tapos parang mas maganda yung buhay kasi
may pakialam ka sa surroundings mo. Kasi kapag may gadget ka, parang nakafocus ka
lang sa bagay na yun eh.” (But for me I preferred take down notes because it will retain
on your mind and have a care to your surroundings. Because having a gadget will only
get your full attention and focus.)
Theme 2: Hard time accessing information
Living in a world where every information can be accessed online is hard
especially for those who do not possess the appropriate gadgets needed for connecting to
the world. Thus, the informants proved this statement right with the following subthemes:
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Subtheme 1: Cursed with a fast techy teacher
Most of the informants stated a clear fact that they are cursed with a fast techy
teacher, which disabled them to properly cope with the lessons. Informant Germs uttered,
“ano nahihirapan akong mag cope sa lessons kasi maraming teacher digitally ano na
sila, techy na din sila, madalas ng notes, o send send na lang kaya nahihirapan akong i-
access yung mga sinisend nila through messenger kasi wala kaming wifi tas kahit may
cellphone ako napakahina ng signal sa bahay namin, kaya kahit ano, ano di pa rin ako
makapag online.” (I’m having a hard time coping with our lessons because many
teachers today are digitally… they are also techy Most of the time, notes are just being
sent (online), that’s why I’m having a hard time accessing those files they sent through
messenger because we don’t have a Wi-Fi. And even though I have a phone, the signal in
our house is very slow that I still can’t have an access online.) She emphasized her
statement by supporting it with another statement. “ano mas may advantage yung may
gadgets ka kasi kapag sa notes may teachers na mabilis magsalita, may mga notes kang
hindi nakukuha, yung kulang-kulang yung notes mo kaya--- pero kapag may gadget ka
pictures na lang, pasend na lang dito ganun.” (Those who have gadgets have more
advantage, because when you’re taking down notes, you can’t write all the necessary
information, especially when the teacher is fast. But when you have a gadget, photos are
enough or just let your classmates send it (lesson) to you.) She also stated that the lack of
electronic device while having a techy teacher has a negative effect on her. She said,
“Negative? Yun nga nahihirapan akong mag cope-up lalo na sa mga techy na teachers.”
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(Negative? Of course, just like what I have said, I’m having a hard time coping,
especially with those techy teachers.)
Informant Vivi said, “Syempre tuwing may lessons tapos powerpoint
presentations yung ginagamit minsan hindi ako nakakasunod tsaka ano hindi din ako
nakakapagreview minsan kasi masyadong mabilis yung slides hindi ko nasusulat kaagad
ganun.” (Of course, if there are many lessons or discussions and they use PowerPoint
presentations, sometimes I can't follow and I cannot review the lessons because
sometimes they are switching the slides quickly that I cannot write it down.)
Subtheme 2: The absence leading to out datedness
Evidently, most of the information we know today came from the internet. Thus,
what’s ‘in’ and what’s ‘out’ is dependent on its trends. But with the absence of needed
electronic resources, accessing those information is hard and it’s causing them to be
outdated. Informant Germs stated an experience that proved this statement, she said, “Oo,
nung kay (name), kasi ang gawain nun, ano mag-post ka ng video eh wala akong--- that
time wala pa akong cellphone na pang-video wala pang internet. Hindi ko pa alam yung
post-post na kung ano-ano, kasi kailangan gumawa ka ng page eklabush. Hindi ko pa
alam yung mga bagay na yun kasi hindi ako updated, hindi siya techy.” (Yes, there is this
one time with (name), our task to do was to, you need to post a video (online), and I don’t
have--- that time I don’t have a phone that can be used to take a video yet, nor an internet
connection. I also don’t know the post-post thing that needs the creation of a (facebook)
page eklabush. I do not know those things because I am not updated, it’s not techy.)
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Informant Olaf supported informant Germs statement by the words, “Kapag may
pinasa sila sa.. through... sa... online... through… Sa gc! Ganun. Hindi ako updated.
Tapos kapag may sinabing biglaang quiz, magrereview kayo para bukas. Ako pang yung
late ganun. Tas rush. Di ko nadadownload yung mga pdf ganun.” (In studying, when the
lessons are given online. I am not updated to any announcements like when there is a
quiz or assignment. I can’t download the lessons that were sent online.)
Subtheme 3: Relying on other people’s reviewer is hard
Students who lacks in electronic resources tends to use or borrow such things to their
classmates or friends. Based from the interview of Hannah Bless, studying from others
personal gadget is difficult. According to her, “Ano mahirap minsan kasi ano kapag ano
mahirap kasi diba nakikigamit kalang? Paano kapag ano yung kailangan talaga nila?
Kaya misan hindi din ako napapahiram kaya mahirap talaga. Mas madali para sa’kin
yung sa akin mismo, yung ako mismo yung gumagawa kasi mas maiitindihan ko iyon.”
(It’s hard sometimes because when it’s hard because you're just borrowing. What if they
also need it? So sometimes I cannot borrow so it is hard.)
According to Olaf, same as Hannah bless stated, studying or reviewing on to
others belongingness makes difficulty. As Olaf stated,” Oo. Mahirap kasi, ano. Lalo na
kapag mabilis siyang tumingin ganun. Tas ako, gusto kong basahin ng paulit-ulit ganun.
Ano, tas mahirap makigamit sa iba kasi syempre, kapag iba din yung paraan niya ng
pagrereview iba din yung sakin ganun. Parang ganun.” (Yes it’s difficult especially
when he/she is a fast reader while me on the other side wants to read it over and over
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again. And it would be bothersome to him/her especially when we don’t share a common
reviewing strategy.)
Theme 3: Study Techniques
Different study techniques were extracted from the interview in which the
confirmability of the answers were easily attained.
Subtheme 1: Seeking help at electronically equipped individuals
We are living in society where a person can’t live by himself. And in this day of
modern technology, seeking help from different individuals, and establishments is easy.
Thus, most of the interviewees came out with the same coping strategies, and going to a
computer shop, purchasing a telecommunication company’s promo, having access from
their neighbor’s Wi-Fi, and borrowing their classmate’s phones are their ways to suffice
for what they lack. Informant Olaf said, “Kapag mag-aaral ako ano, bago umuwi
pupunta muna sa computer shop o kaya lagi akong nagtetake-down notes. Yun yung
buhay ko.” (If I'm studying, I'll go to a computer shop first before going home, or I'll
always take down notes. That's my life.) In addition to this she also said that purchasing a
promo with data is also one of her study techniques. She uttered, “Minsan kung kailangan
kong... Kung may kailangan akong isearch, yung iloload ko isasama ko na rin yung
pang-internet. Pero kapag wala, more on sa text and calls lang.” (sometimes, if
something needs to be searched online, I'll purchase a promo with data. But if none, I'm
more into texting and calling.)
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While according to Informant Germs, she would also go to a computer shop, or
have access on their neighbor’s Wi-Fi. She said, “oo disadvantage yun para sa akin kasi,
time consuming siya, kasi kapag may projects ganun kailangan ko pang pumunta sa mga
computer shop, kailangan pang pumunta sa kapitbahay para maka-access ng wifi,
instead na kapag mayroon akong sarili ko mas mapapabilis yung paggawa kapag
mayroong…” (Yeah, it’s a disadvantage for me because, it’s time-consuming. When I
have a project like that, I need to go to a computer shop, or go to our neighbor just to
have a wifi access. Instead of… when I have my own (electronic resources), I can do it
faster.)
Informant Vivi also stated that going to a computer shop is also one of her coping
strategies. When asked about what strategies she is doing when she needs to search for
her assignments, she said, “Ano pumupunta nalang sa pinakamalapit na computer shop.”
(I will go to the nearest computer shop.) On the other hand, she also borrows learning
materials from her friends who have a free access over the net. She said, “Ano kapag
halimbawa yung mga kaklase ko meron silang notes gamit yung phones nila ‘pag tapos
na silang magsulat or tapos na silang magreview ganun ano nakikigamit ako ng
cellphone nila tas ano ginagamit ko din dun nalang din ako nagrereview pagkatapos
nila.” (for example, if my classmates have notes on their phones and they are already
finished in note-taking or in reviewing I will borrow there phones and I will use it and I
will review the lesson on their phones when they are finished.)
Lastly, Informant Jaja tend to also go on a computer shop to have her files
printed. When asked about her ways in helping herself, she said, “ano magpapaprint ako
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sa mga computer shop, ganun ba yung ibig mong sabihin?” (I will go to a computer shop
to have my files printed, is that what you’re implying?)
Subtheme 2: Making customized materials and taking notes
Making customized materials and taking notes during discussions are the ways of
the four informants. Writing or making your own notes is more effective when studying
than using electronic devices. According to Olaf, “Most of them are not taking down
notes but for me I preferred take down notes because it will retain on your mind.” As well
as for Vivi, she uttered, “Maybe the difference is you will understand it more when you
are making your own notes compared to the notes that are made by your classmates.”
And according to Jaja, “For me, I would still choose writing because you can… if you
have notes, the keyword is there. You can read it easily”
Subtheme 3: Use of other resources (books)
Using of other resources or references like books is also a study technique because
according to Olaf, “because there are many resources that I can use aside from gadgets.
For me, it is much better.”
According to Jaja,” Actually, it’s fine with me. Because you can also read. There
are many books available at our house, so for me it’s easier to find information when
you’re reading, and it’s more reliable.”
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Theme 4: Feeling of being in a lower level
Two of the informants not only sympathize themselves for not having electronic
resources but also those who share the same situation as them. Germs uttered,”Parang
hindi naman naaawa yung tamang term pero, marami kasing disadvantage ang ano,
parang hindi naaawa yung term pero parang ganun. Hindi ko mahanap yung term. It’s
ineffable---ay!” (Pity is not the right term but, not having any electronic gadget has many
disadvantages, pity is not the term but it’s like that. I can’t find the right term. It’s
ineffable--- ay!)
And also, according to Vivi, seeing some of her classmates getting low scores due
to the lack of electronic device made her sympathize them. She uttered, "Sa mga katulad
ko din? Oo, yung ano yung ibang kaklase ko na wala ding gadgets ganun kasi may mga
ibang mga kaklase din ako na hindi talaga palasulat, hindi din sila nagrereview ganun,
kaya minsan naaawa kasi mababa yung nakukuha nila sa quizzes o sa exam kasi ayon."
(For those who are like me? Yes, some of my classmates who do not have gadgets
because some of classmates that they are not fond of writing, so they cannot review, so
sometimes I feel pity towards them because they are getting a lower score in quizzes or
exams.) In addition to this, she implied that not having any electronic device made them
feel like being casted out. "Ano, kapag nagsusulat kami, yung, yung mga walang
cellphone parang kami-kami lang din yung magkakasama na nagsusulat” (When we are
writing, we, who do not have cellphones it’s like we are the only one who are writing
notes.)
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Table 1. Thematic Analysis of Collected Data on Academic Coping Strategies of
STEM Students from dearth of electronic resources and the translated statements of
the informants from where themes were derived.
THEME TRANSLATED RESPONSES

Not having an electronic  During discussion, instead of using a phone, I’ll
just listen to the teachers, and then at home, I’ll
device improves brain just review (my notes) also, because there is no
laptop to entertain me or something, there’s also
functions. no internet, no Facebook, no distraction.
 Yeah, it’s like they have more time for me. They
have more time to engage in a conversation.
Because there is this certain person who’s always
focused on his/her phone that we don’t have
enough time for each other, like that.
 I can sleep early, and I can also review well. My
thoughts are more aligned
 And have a care to your surroundings. Because
having a gadget will only get your full attention
and focus.
Hard time accessing  I’m having a hard time coping with our lessons
information because many teachers today are digitally… they
are also techy Most of the time, notes are just
-cursed with a fast techy being sent (online), that’s why I’m having a hard
time accessing those files they sent through
teacher messenger because we don’t have a Wi-Fi. And
even though I have a phone, the signal in our
-the absence leading to out house is very slow that I still can’t have an access
online.
datedness  Yeah, because I can also see it through my
classmates that it’s easy, for them it is easy in a
-relying on other people’s way that when a file was sent today, they can have
reviewer is hard notes for tomorrow. They can easily cope with
the… (lessons).
 Negative, of course, just like what I have said, I’m
having a hard time coping, especially with those
techy teachers.
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 Yes, there is this one time with (name), our task to

do was to, you need to post a video (online), and I
don’t have--- that time I don’t have a phone that
can be used to take a video yet, nor an internet
connection. I also don’t know the post-post thing
that needs the creation of a (facebook) page
eklabush. I do not know those things because I am
not updated, it’s not techy.
 Those who have gadgets have more advantage,
because when you’re taking down notes, you can’t
write all the necessary information, especially
when the teacher is fast.
 No (it’s not easy), because sometimes they’re also
reviewing. They’re also using it that’s why they
can’t lend it to me. There are times that I don’t
get the chance to review.
 However, some of them (teachers) are not writing
on the board anymore, they’ll just send it (online).
There are also teachers that’s always using
PowerPoint presentations.
 Nowadays, cellphones are not just ‘wants’ it’s
slowly becoming the ‘needs’ of a student. And just
like what I have said before, I’ve been saying it
again and again, if the teacher is techy, those
students who have complete resources are more
advantageous. They can easily have an access
online to get the notes and reviewers. They can
easily cope with the lessons. Because instead of
writing manually, they can easily understand the
lesson because the only thing they need to do is to
listen to the teacher. They don’t need to stress
themselves in note-taking.
 Of course, if there are any lessons or discussions
and they use PowerPoint presentations,
sometimes I can't follow and I cannot review the
lessons because sometimes they are switching the
slides quickly that I cannot write it down
 It’s hard sometimes because when it’s hard
because you're just borrowing. What if they also
need it? So sometimes I cannot borrow so it is
hard.
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 Yes it’s difficult especially when he/she is a fast

reader while me on the other side wants to read it
over and over again. And it would be bothersome
to him/her especially when we don’t share a
common reviewing strategy.
 In studying, when the lessons are given online. I
am not updated to any announcements like there
is a quiz or assignment. I can’t download the
lessons that were sent online.
 For example, when sending projects, if you don’t
have a Wi-Fi how can you send it? You’ll wait for
how many days until you can pass it.
 It’s quite easy, but if we’re talking about those
discussed topics, for example the thing said by the
teacher, you can’t capture what they’re saying, or
what.
Study techniques  It’s a disadvantage for me because, it’s time-

consuming. When I have a project like that, I need
- Seeking Help at to go to a computer shop, or go to our neighbor
just to have a wifi access. Instead of… when I
Electronically Equipped have my own (electronic resources), I can do it
faster.
Individuals  Yes, I’m doing it (making flashcards).
 for example, if my classmates have notes on their
- Making customized phones and they are already finished in note-
taking or in reviewing I will borrow there phones
materials and taking notes and I will use it and I will review the lesson on
their phones when they are finished
- Use of other resources  I will go to the nearest computer shop.
 It is easier for me because I am the one who is
(books) making it (notes) and I can understand it well.
 Maybe the difference is you will understand it
more when you are making your own notes
compared to the notes that are made by your
classmates.)
 If I'm studying, I'll go to a computer shop first
before going home, or I'll always take down notes.
That's my life
 Sometimes, if something needs to be searched
online, I'll purchase a promo with data. But if
none, I'm more into texting and calling
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 No. because there are many resources that I can

use aside from gadgets. For me, it is much better
 Most of them are not taking down notes but for me
I preferred take down notes because it will retain
on your mind
 Actually, it’s fine with me. Because you can also
read. There are many books available at our
house, so for me it’s easier to find information
when you’re reading, and it’s more reliable.
 But because we don’t have things like that, I’ll
just use a book.
 I will go to a computer shop to have my files
printed
 So it is still better to use writing.
 For me, I would still choose writing because you
can… if you have notes, the keyword is there. You
can read it easily
 Just like for example, in the subjects that I am
having a hard time with, in math like that, what I
am doing is, when I don’t understand the lesson, I
would search videos in YT, I am watching tutorials.
And also, for the others that I don’t understand, I’ll
search it in Google. So it’s important because
when you search for it, you can immediately see all
the information that you need.
Feeling of being on a lower  Pity is not the right term but, (not having any
electronic gadget) has many disadvantages, pity
level is not the term but it’s like that. I can’t find the
right term. It’s ineffable--- ay!
 When we are writing, we, who do not have
cellphones it’s like we are the only one who are
writing notes.)
 For those who are like me? Yes, some of my
classmates who do not have gadgets because
some of classmates that they are not fond of
writing, so they cannot review, so sometimes I feel
pity towards them because they are getting a
lower score in quizzes or exams.
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Here are the additional themes from the responses of the students with electronic
resources that was extracted from the data after doing careful analysis.
Theme 1: Instant learning and broader knowledge because of the use of electronic
resources
The three informants believes that studying is more effective with the influence of
gadgets for it makes studying easier compared before. Informant Drell said that, “Feeling
ko mas effective yung pag-aaral ko with the influence of these gadgets kasi unlike dati
limited lang yung pagrereviewhan mo, dati kasi gumagawa pa ako ng reviewer ko,
nagsusulat pa ako, pero on that case limited lang yung information na nakukuha ko
nagrerely kana lang dun sa notes mo lang but for the use of electronic gadgets the
information is very vast kaya mong magserach ng kahit na ano related sa lessons. Pano
pag oneday, yung teacher mo nagpaquiz nang medyo natouch yung topic pero it relies ng
parang advance ng konti so yun magiging advantage ko yun kasi yung information sa
web or sa net mas broad, mas universal, marami, unlike dati na nakafocus lang ako sa
kung ano lang ang nakalagay sa notes ko. Mas yung knowledge ko mas nagiging
malaman, mas nagiging maraming laman yung utak ko dahil sa electronic devices kaya
para para saakin mas effective yung study habits ko, mas effective yung pag-aaral ko
nung dumating na saamin yung mga electronic resources as compared dati.” (I think, my
studying is more effective with the influence of these gadgets, because unlike before
where I only have limited reviewers, back then when I'm still making my own reviewer,
when I'm still writing, the information is limited. But with the use of electronic gadgets,
the information is very vast, you can search for anything related to the lessons. What if
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one day, your teacher will give a quiz and it only contains a touch of what has been
taught, but there is more to it. So it would be on my advantage because the information
on the internet is broader, more universal, there's so many information, unlike before
where I only focus on my notes. My mind is being loaded with new learnings due to the
use of electronic devices. That's why for me my study habits is more effective, my studies
improved when those electronic resources came to our life, compared before.)
Informant Yazh uttered, “mas ano mas napapadali ako ‘pag nag-aaral, saka ano
parang nagiging advantage sa, sa self ko mismo, nagiging ano imbes na ‘ung time ko na
nilalaan ko nababawasan, nagiging napupunta siya sa para sa sarili ko na pang-relax,
sapag-aalaga ng self. Kasi syempre kasi hindi lang mga doon sa ano sa teacher,
maaaring may hindi nasabi ‘ung teacher kaya sinesearch ko nalang at mas nagiging
broad ‘ung mga knowledge na nakukuha mo about sa mga topic.” (It is easier for me to
study and it also becomes advantage for myself, because the time that I'd set for studying
was lessened and I have more time to relax and to nourish myself. There are times that
they might not discuss some topics so I just searched it. The knowledge that I got from
the topics becomes broader.)
According to Azel, “mas madali talaga ngayon kaysa noon syempre pinipicturan
na lang kasi minsan yung mga outlines na lang kaysa yung ang haba haba eh hindi
naman nagagamit diba doing outlines.” (Today, I am just taking pictures instead of
doing outlines. So it is easier as compared before.)
Theme 2: Improvement on one’s study is an improvement for student
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Apparently, improving ones study requires electronic resources, the means of
working finds them easy to do school activities with the use/help of electronic resources.
According to informant Yazh, “If I have some questions on the topics, if there are some
that I can't understand, or if there's something that I want to know the deeper meaning
just like that, I can search it because there's a Wi-Fi.”
According to another informant Azel, “since right we have Wi-Fi at home, I’m
using our desktop for encoding or for making reviewers and I am also using it to search
on the internet for my needs in other subjects.”
Informant Drell said that “aside from interacting with my friends through social
media, I'm also using it as an avenue for improving my studies or my academics. For
example when I don't understand a topic, for example, let's just say in basic calculus,
most of the topics there is so hard to understand, and there are cases that I don't really
understand the lesson. I'm using our electronic resources in searching the net on so that
I’ll be able to cope up or I can easily cope in our lessons that I can't understand.”
Theme 3: A hand ready to help
The three informants said that they are willing to help their needy classmates.
According to Azel, creating handouts and reviewers for the benefit of the whole is her
way of helping them. She uttered, “Syempre diba parang nakakaawa din so minsan kasi
ang ginagawa ko is gumagawa na lang ako ng reviewer para sa buong section.” (Of
course, sometimes I pity them with that I am doing reviewers for them and for the whole
class).
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Informant Drell said, “Somehow naaawa ako sakanila na parang only I could
help them na makacope, or makaano sa electronic devices eh di tutulungan ko sila.”
(Somehow I feel sympathy towards them, like if only I could help them to cope, or have
access in electronic devices, I will help them wholeheartedly.)
According to Yazh, when someone approaches her to ask for help she will be
willingly help that someone. She uttered, “Syempre kapag may lumalapit sa akin na
kunwari may magchachat sa akin na ano pwedeng paprint ng ganito ganyan, syempre
ginagawa ko para sa kanila pag minsan may nagpapasearch ganon. Kung naman wala
din silang WIFI edi itatype ko yung ano kung ano ung nasearch ko, imbes na picture lang
‘ung isesend ko sakanila kung wala talaga silang WIFI, wala silang pang-view itatype ko
nalang ung mga text.” (I sometimes felt pity for them. Because of course I experienced it
too. Of course when someone approaches me or chats me and ask me to print something
or what, of course I'll do it for them-sometimes someone will ask me to search something
just like that. If they don't have any Wi-Fi then I'll just type whatever I've searched.
Instead of sending just a picture to them, if they don't really have a Wi-Fi and can't view
it, I will just type those text.)
Theme 4: The essence of having electronic resources that leads to being advance as a
student
The essence of having electronic resources in studying are clearly stated by the
three informants. Informant Azel said, “For me, it is important since the teacher’s way of
learning now is through technology. Then there are teachers that are fast in switching
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slides from the PowerPoint presentation, that is also the reason why gadgets is important
for me that I can just search the lesson itself in the internet if ever I missed it or take
pictures of slides quickly so that I can follow.
According to Informant Yazh, “It is very important because it is very hard if you
don't have, as in you really don't have, and it is like so difficult to cope or to get along
with your classmates. Although at least you can, but it's still different if you have and had
at least one of those gadgets.”
As for Informant Drell, “For me, you are being trained to have an advanced mind
as a student, even when you miss a new lesson, you still have an idea, because the
information you saw on the net is very vast, that's why, even though, for example, I
missed a certain lesson, I'll just search for the lesson itself, on that way, I'll have an idea
about the topic that I missed even there's no inputs from the teacher.”
Table 2. Thematic Analysis of Collected Data for those who have electronic resources
on Academic Coping Strategies of STEM Students from The Dearth of Electronic
Resources and their actual statement from where themes were derived
Theme Sample Responses
Instant learning and  I think, my studying is more effective with the

broader knowledge influence of these gadgets, because unlike before
because of the use of where I only have limited reviewers, back then when
electronic resources I'm still making my own reviewer, when I'm still
writing, the information is limited. But with the use of
electronic gadgets, the information is very vast, you
can search for anything related to the lessons. What if
one day, your teacher will give a quiz and it only
contains a touch of what has been taught, but there is
more to it. So it would be on my advantage because
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the information on the internet is broader, more

universal, there's so many information, unlike before
where I only focus on my notes. My mind is being
loaded with new learnings due to the use of electronic
devices. That's why for me my study habits is more
effective, my studies improved when those electronic
resources came to our life, compared before.
 As compared sa use of electronic devices wherein
you’re just going to type the keywords, you’re just
going to type the lessons and in just three to five
second andiyan na, andyian na yung pagaaralan mo.
 It is easier for me to study and it also becomes
advantage for myself, because the time that I'd set for
studying was lessened and I have more time to relax
and to nourish myself. There are times that they might
not discuss some topics so I just searched it. The
knowledge that I got from the topics becomes broader.
 Today, I am just taking pictures instead of doing
outlines. So it is easier as compared before.
Improvement on one’s  Of course, if there is a Wi-Fi then I can easily find

study is an improvement 'those'. If I have some questions on the topics, if there
for student are some that I can't understand, or if there's
something that I want to know the deeper meaning just
like that, I can search it because there's a Wi-Fi
 Since right we have Wi-Fi at home, I’m using our
desktop for encoding or for making reviewers and I
am also using it to search on the internet for my needs
in other subjects.
 Yes, of course, aside from interacting with my friends
through social media, I'm also using it as an avenue
for improving my studies or my academics. For
example when I don't understand a topic, for example,
let's just say in basic calculus, most of the topics there
is so hard to understand, and there are cases that I
don't really understand the lesson. I'm using our
electronic resources in searching the net on so that I’ll
be able to cope up or I can easily cope in our lessons
that I can't understand.
A hand ready to help  Of course, sometimes I pity them with that I am doing
reviewers for them and for the whole class.
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 Somehow I feel sympathy towards them, like if only I

could help them to cope, or have access in electronic
devices, I will them wholeheartedly. If they are asking
me to send notes, I will send it to them. And sometimes
there are students who's asking me to search because
they have no Wi-Fi at home. In that way, I think I'm
helping them. Because you know we have a wifi at
home, and yeah, I will search their needs through the
net.
 I sometimes felt pity for them. Because of course I
experienced it too. Of course when someone
approaches me or chats me and ask me to print
something or what, of course I'll do it for them-
sometimes someone will ask me to search something
just like that. If they don't have any Wi-Fi then I'll just
type whatever I've searched. Instead of sending just a
picture to them, if they don't really have a Wi-Fi and
The essence of having can't view it, I will just type those text.
electronic resources that  For me, it is important since the teacher’s way of
leads to being advance as learning now is through technology. Then there are
a student. teachers that are fast in switching slides from the
PowerPoint presentation, that is also the reason why
gadgets is important for me that I can just search the
lesson itself in the internet if ever I missed it or take
pictures of slides quickly so that I can follow.
 It is very important because it is very hard if you don't
have, as in you really don't have, and it is like so
difficult to cope or to get along with your classmates.
Although at least you can, but it's still different if you
have and had at least one of those gadgets.
 For me, you are being trained to have an advanced
mind as a student, even when you miss a new lesson,
you still have an idea, because the information you
saw on the net is very vast, that's why, even though,
for example, I missed a certain lesson, I'll just search
for the lesson itself, on that way, I'll have an idea
about the topic that I missed even there's no inputs
from the teacher.
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Discussion
Living in the 21st Century, technology has been part of the world. You can see
the products of technology everywhere and it is getting more advanced as time passes by.
Because of that, there are changes in the strategies, approaches, methods that people use
in teaching, or in learning. According to Mccoy, William (2019) students not only have
the technology to help them with their homework, but they also have easy access to
online documents, books or journals while teachers use technology to improve the
effectiveness of their lessons. So people who have electronic resources are more
advanced in their lessons and their productivity are changing. Their study habits are
improving and are effective.
However, along with the advancements, the growth of people who lacks in
electronic resources is also getting bigger. Because of that, the price of electronic
resources is also getting higher and higher. If the price is high, most of the people cannot
buy it. If students don't have any of the electronic resources there will be no distractions
when studying but the counterpart of it is you don't have enough notes to review maybe
because the teacher is using PowerPoint presentations and they change the slides quickly
so, you will borrow your classmate's notes or phones for you to have notes and to have
knowledge.
Having no electronic resources is very hard. You should think strategies in order
to cope up with your classmates, strategies that will help you to understand the lesson and
that is note-taking. Since you don't have any electronic resources or you do not have
every electronic resource, you can use note-taking. According to Özçakmak, et al. (2019),
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note-taking is an act of recording the unknown words or newly learned knowledge in
short notes in order for you to remember. Note-taking can eat your time but it's worth it,
you will be able to remember your notes or lessons because it came from you. Also,
people who have electronic resources will lend a hand to help you in everything.
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Chapter IV
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the collection of literature and studies that are connected to
the current study undertaken. These literatures were credited from books, unpublished
thesis, and the world-wide-web that are found by the researcher appropriate to the coping
strategies from the dearth of electronic resources. This chapter plays a major part to get a
full picture of what has been completed with respect to the problem of the study. Such a
review brings about a deep and clear perspective of the general field and brings out new
ideas, theories, and helps the progression of the research procedure.
It is not new for every student that technology is really helpful and very useful in
this modern age. Electronic resources such as cell phones, tablets, laptops, desktops,
printers, Wi-Fi are very significant in our lives because we can’t deny that those were
already part of us. Students used those gadgets for entertainment, for communication, and
commonly for studying.
In 2019, Adeyinka Tella, et al., assesses the use of electronic resources and
exploring the opportunities of e-resources to facilitate teaching and research by academic
staff of University of Ilorin. Their results proved that majority of the academic staff use
e-resource for research, curriculum development and self-educational development. It
also revealed that search engines and private subscription are the most used to access
electronic information so; their study concluded that e-resources usually give chances of
getting new and updated data/information.
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The use of those electronic resources provides so many conveniences. It enables
students to study easier and learn faster. It also gives information that is vast and broader.
It is also used for encoding or printing some learning materials or printed outputs.
Mei Tan (2016) even said that electronic resources are materials in digital setup
that you can access online. The use of those electronic resources provides so many
conveniences. It enables students to study easier and learn faster. It also gives
information that is vast and broader. It is also used for encoding, printing some learning
materials or printing outputs (Kenchakkanavar, 2014).
Furthermore, relative electronic information resources in the modern information
age are required to support teaching and learning. (Bello, Ojo, Ocheje, 2015). E-resources
have an important role to play in higher education and in fulfilling educational goals.
Online books, journals, and documents can make the learning process very easy and also
cloud computing has made it convenient for the students and researchers to back-up their
data (Anjana, 2016).
Although electronic resources give so much advantage to students, there are some
factors that students have not been fully utilized yet. The distraction caused by these
invaluable information resources make the student’s time unproductive.
According to the research of Penny Thompson (2017), she suggested that “a
negative relationship between frequent use of communication technologies, such as text
messaging and social network site, and academic performance. The result provides more
detail on the specific study skills challenges students may be facing when they interrupt
their studying with frequent online social communication”
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In school, not everyone has the chance to access the available e-resources because
they can’t afford to have those gadgets. Even though some students lack of electronic
resources in studying, they chose to be positive and look for an alternative way. Doing
note-taking can be a great help for students especially in developing their learning
comprehension. Taking notes while discussion keeps them to stay focused and helps
them to review easily because while writing those notes, some of the information was
retained on their minds.
Based on the study by Jansen et al. (2017), students are taking notes and improved
their capability to remember the information from lectures. One beneficial effect in
taking notes is to further understand the information which is also known as encoding
effect.
However, it is undeniable that learning in a traditional way is less efficient
compared from studying through electronic resources.
In 2018 Gurudeo A Tularam and Patrick Machisella found out in their study that
traditional teaching approaches are generally teacher-directed, where students are taught
in a manner that is conducive to sitting and listening. It is often argued that these
approaches may not provide students with valuable learning skills, and rather that non-
traditional approaches to teaching and learning might better endow students with such
skills. The computer based teaching technology known as “e-learning” is now often used
in tertiary level mathematics and engineering teaching. The e-learning methodology is
considered to be more in-line with the non-traditional than the traditional teaching
approaches.
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Conceptual Framework
Figure 1 shows paradigm Academic Coping Strategies of STEM Students from the
Dearth of Electronic Resources
The researcher focused on the Strategies of the students who lack electronic
resources and the Efforts of the student/ ways of helping students who have electronic
resources. The paradigm shows the input-output-outcome-impact illustration. The Input
presents the participant’s electronic resources which includes the Wi-Fi, laptop, cellphones
and printer. Evidently, Wi-Fi (the most important resources that one can have) and the
instrument that was used which is the interview or direct method through the
phenomenology type of research design. The output shows knowing informant’s
experiences in their school with and without having electronic resources. The outcome
presents how the informants will be able to cope up with the said strategies. The impact
shows how student will acquire the findings in their lives.
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Conceptual Paradigm
INPUT OUTPUT
 Electronic resources of Students

who suffer from the dearth of  To gain insight into students’
 Electronic resources students experience of not having such

who have
electronic resources and to explore
 Interview guide as the main
gathering tool the ways/efforts of techy students
 Utilizing an Audiotape recorder in helping those who suffer.
 Students who suffer from the  Increased knowledge and

dearth of electronic resources strategies on how to cope up in
was able to gain study class.
techniques that will help them  They become better person and
live their lives despite of their gained information that will
condition. help them to improve
 Techy students was able to themselves
provide their willingness to
help
IMPACT OUTCOME
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Chapter V
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the entire research process, as well as the
findings, conclusions and the recommendations derived from the implications of the
study.
Summary
This phenomenological study aims to uncover the academic coping strategies of
STEM students who experience the dearth of electronic resources, and know what
strategies are effective for producing better results in class. Thorough data analysis and
interpretation of the transcript was used to find out the different study techniques
employed by the Grade 11 STEM students. After the stringent analysis of the data, the
findings were distinguished, and with the help of these findings, recommendations were
put into words.
Findings
Eight themes emerged from this study. Four themes for those who don’t have
electronic resources and additional four themes for those who have electronic resources.
Themes for those who don't have electronic resources are: (1) Not having an electronic
device improves senses, (2) Hard time accessing information, with three subthemes
namely: (a) gifted with a fast techy teacher, (b) the absence leading to outdatedness, (c)
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relying on other people’s reviewer is hard. (3) Study Techniques, with also three
subthemes: (a) seeking help at electronically equipped individuals, (b) Making
customized materials and taking notes, (c) Use of other resources (books), and the last
theme is (4) Feeling of being in a lower level.
And the themes for those who have electronic resources are named: (1) Instant
learning and broader knowledge because of the use of electronic resources, (2)
Improvement on one’s study is an improvement for student, (3) A hand ready to help, and
(4) The essence of having electronic resources that leads to being advance as a student.
Conclusion
The use of qualitative methodology was helpful in uncovering the academic
coping strategies employed by the Grade 11 STEM students who lack in electronic
resources to effectively produce better results in class. Comprehensive observations and
interviews were conducted with the informants of the study. It helped the researcher in
exploring how the participants’ study techniques affect their proficiency in class, and
how they have survived STEM, which is considered by many as one of the most difficult
among all the academic strand.
The shared experiences of participants boosted the understanding on how they
have effectively adapted well to all the subjects without much help from technological
resources, how they define STEM without technology, how they endured all the
hardships of being one of the students without gadgets, and how they use these
disadvantages to formulate learning strategies.
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This study has unveiled that students who experienced the dearth of electronic
resources can learn the lessons better due to the absence of distractions, have more
awareness on their surroundings, and are capable of discovering different ways on how to
pass the course of the study despite all the challenges
Experiencing difficulties in coping was a choice already made when the
informants chose to take up STEM as a strand in senior high school. And the lack of
electronic resources meant having to devise their own means of studying to meet the
requirements demanded by the entire STEM curriculum.
Recommendations
The findings may help to explore learners’ practices that encourage excellence in
academics for all students. In the light of the foregoing conclusions, the researchers
recommend the following:
1. The student needs to eradicate their negative thoughts about not having electronic
resources as study tools, and act on positively to the challenges they may
encounter
2. Students should search and collect available learning materials ahead of time to
avoid cramming.
3. Students should learn to manage their time, and learn from fellow students on how to
develop good study habits, or by adopting what excelling students do in order to learn a
topic or subject more easily. Learners who are determined to pass their subjects must know
how to socialize.
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4. Classmates should be sensitive enough and learn to extend their arms to those who
need help in terms of studying.
5. Teachers should consider those students who are incapable of affording electronic
resources, and learn to make adjustments so that the said students will be able to
cope in their studies without much difficulties.
6. Parents should also be aware of the things their children needs at school
especially in today’s era of technology, and should support them in any way
possible to prevent any academic problems that their child may encounter.
7. Researchers should delve about the factors affecting the students’ determination
in passing despite the difficulties from the dearth of electronic resources, and how
it boost their academic performance.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Zheng, B. (2016). Learning in one-to-one laptop environments: A meta-analysis and
research synthesis. Review of Educational Research 86 (4), 1052-1084.
Adeyinka Tella, F. O. (2017). The use of electronic resources by academic staff at The
University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Education and Information Technologies, 9.
Ali, L. (2018). The Influence of Information Technology on Student’s Behavioural
Nature in the. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 102-107.
Renée S.Jansen, D. L. (2017). An integrative review of the cognitive costs and benefits of
note-taking. Educational Research Review, 223-233.
Thompson, P. (2017). Communication technology use and study skills. Active Learning
in Higher Education.
Tularam, G. A. (2018). Traditional vs Non-traditional Teaching and Learning Strategies –
the case of E-learning! INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MATHEMATICS
TEACHING AND LEARNING.
Anjana. (2016). USE OF E-RESOURCES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES
AND CONCERNS. International Journal of Advanced Research.
Bello, S. A., Ojo, F. R., & Ocheje, C. B. (2015). Effective Knowledge Development in
Secondary Schools Educational Level in Contemporary Information Age:
Assessment of Availability of Electronic Information Resources in Nigerian
School Libraries. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 72-78.
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Kenchakkanavar, A. Y. (2014). Types of E-Resources and its utilities in Library.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES
International, 97-104.
Chistobal, A. P. and Christobal M. C. D. (2017). Teacher’s manual for practical
research 1 for senior school. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.
The ABCs of Technology in the Classroom: A Lesson from CompTIA Research. (2015).
Retrieved from https://www.comptia.org/about-us/newsroom/press-
releases/2015/08/31/the-abcs-of-technology-in-the-classroom-a-lesson-from-comptia-
research
Use of Technology in Teaching and Learning | U.S. Department of Education. (1980).

Retrieved from https://www.ed.gov/oii-news/use-technology-teaching-and-learning
What do five experts think about mobile phones in schools?. (2018). Retrieved from
https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/jun/28/what-do-five-experts-think-
about-mobile-phones-in-schools
Maguire, M., & Delahunt, B. (2017). Doing a thematic analysis: A practical, step-by-step
guide for learning and teaching scholars. Retrieved from
http://ojs.aishe.org/index.php/aishe-j/article/view/335
McCoy, William. (2019, February 05). Five Positive Effects of Technology on

Education. Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved from
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/five-positive-effects-technology-education-31222.html
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Appendix A
Letter to the Principal
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Appendix B
Letter to Participants
March, 2019
Dear Informants:
The researchers are presently working on a thesis entitled “Lack Unlock: Academic
Coping Strategies of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
Students from the Dearth of Electronic Resources” as a requirement of the subject
Practical Research I.
In connection with this, we want to interview you to gather important data we need in our
research. This interview will take about 15 minutes of your time, and we might require
you to be interviewed again to ensure quality of our data and to authenticate our analyses
and interpretations of your responses. Rest assured that the data that your will provide
will be fairly treated with utmost respect and confidentiality, and that the results will be
used for research and educational purposes only.
Truly yours,
The Researchers
Appendix C
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Interview Transcript
Respondent A
Researcher: Maaari ka bang magpakilala?
Respondent: Ako si (name withheld). Nakatira ako sa Tarece San Carlos City. I’m 17
years old.
Researcher: So, what are the gadgets that you, or your family members own?
Respondent: Ahmm, ang meron sa’min is laptop, desktop, I pad, phones, mga
smartphones.
Researcher: Do you have a wifi at your house?
Respondent: Opo
Researcher: Printer?
Respondent: Opo
Researcher: So how long those gadgets have been in your possession? Since when
you’re in elementary? Or just this high school?
Respondent: ‘Yung iba kasi, like ‘yung desktop, since elementary pa ‘yun. Tapos ‘yung
printer, recently lang din kasi pinalitan.
Researcher: So what are your purposes in using those gadgets? Are you using it in your
studies?
Respondent: Hmm.
Researcher: So, if you’re using it in your studies, in what way? For example, is it
helping you to easily finish your assignments or search for the topics needed in your
studies?
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Respondent: Since ‘diba may wifi kami sa bahay, ‘yung desktop kasi ginagamit ko siya
kapag ano, kapag gumagawa ako ng reviewer or mag-eencode ako. Ta’s doon na rin
kapag magsesearch ako ng mga kailangan para sa mga ibang subjects.
Researcher: So base on your experiences in using those gadgets, what are the
conveniences, good effects or advantages of having those electronic gadgets in your
studies? For example, in terms of reviewers, do you think that you are more advanced?
Respondent: Oo sa ano kasi since may ano, advance ako. Hindi ko na kailangan
pumunta sa mga computer shops para magpaprint or mag-encode pa.
Researcher: Hmm… so what do you think are the disadvantages of having an electronic
gadgets?
Respondent: Minsan kasi meron since may wifi, may internet. Minsan, napapabayaan
‘yung pagrereview since ano, may social media and such.
Researcher: So how do you think you can solve those mentioned disadvantages, and
how can you avoid them?
Respondent: For me, ano na lang discipline. ‘Yung kailangan i-manage ‘yung time,
kung time ba siya ng pag-aaral or time ba siya ng pag-eentertain.
Researcher: In your class, of course, not all of you have electronic gadgets. How do you
feel towards your classmates who have no gadgets to use as study aids as you do?
Respondent: Syempre ‘diba parang nakakaawa din. So minsan kasi ginagawa ko is, ano,
parang gumagawa na ako ng reviewer para sa buong section.
Researcher: Hmm… so that’s your way to help them? So just like what you have said,
you experienced the stage of not having any electronic gadget right? How did you find
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the experience studying from traditional notes? Was it easier or more difficult? Why do
say so?
Respondent: Parang nakasanayan din kasi namin ‘yun from my previous school na
bawal ang gadgets, kaya kailangan puro manual lahat, handwritten.
Researcher: Hmm… so, how would you compare your ways of studying before, when
you are taking down notes, than today, where all of the lesson can be captured in just a
single click?
Respondent: Kung ano ‘yung mas convenient? Mas convenient siguro ‘yung
pinipicturan na lang. Kasi, minsan magsusulat ka na lang, ‘yung mga outlines na lang.
kaysa ‘yung sa sobrang haba-haba e hindi naman ginagamit ‘yung iba.
Researcher: So for the last question, what does having an electronic resource as study
tool mean to you? What does having such teach you?
Respondent: For me, mahalaga siya kasi, since, ngayon ang ginagamit na nilang
learning, parang way of learning is through parang technology na. May mga slides-slides
na. Ta’s minsan mahirap maghabol kasi ‘yung ibang teachers mabibilis ‘yung pag-ano
nila, ‘yung pag-next slide. Kaya imporatante sa akin na ano, parang may gadget.
Researcher: So, that’s it. Thank you.
Respondent B
Researcher: So, good afternoon. Could you please introduce yourself first? Your name,
and where do you live?
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Respondent: Ano, so ako si, (name withheld) nakatira sa ano, sa barangay Palaris San
Carlos City, Pangasinan.
Researcher: May I know what electronic gadgets do you or your household members
own?
Respondent: Of course cellphone and laptop yun yung pinaka dominant na gadgets na
ginagamit or pinoposses namin sa family. For wifi, oo meron pero yung printer hindi siya
saamin pero may mga times na inuuwi sa bahay para pwede naming gamitin.
Researcher: How long have you had those gadgets with you?
Respondent: Nagstart kaming nagkaroon ng laptop nung grade7 ako.
Researcher: For what purposes do you use them?
Respondent: Syempre bukod sa pakikipag interact sa mga friends ko sa social media,
ginagamit ko rin ‘yon as an avenue for improving my study or my academics. For
example may hindi ako naintindihang bagay, for example sabihin na nating sa basic
calculus diba mostly ng mga lessons dun mahirap intindihin and may mga cases na hindi
ko talaga maintindihan yung lessons natin sa basic calculus, ginagamit ko yung electronic
resources namin through searching the net kung ano nga ba yung lesson so that I’ll be
able to cope up or mas makahabol ako sa lessons. Feeling ko mas personalize yung
approach mas naiintindihan ko kasi pwede kong ibalik yung video sa youtube. So dun
feeling ko mas effective siya kasi nga pwede kong balikan yung mga lessons sa video
para mas lalo kong maintindihan. So yun dun ko nagagamit yung electronic resources ko
sa acads.
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Researcher: Based on your experience of using your gadgets as study tools, what
conveniences or good does using them give you? How do gadgets enable you to give you
such conveniences?
Respondent: So yun nga mas naiintindihan ko yung mga lessons sa school kasi nga gaya
nung sinabi ko, mas personalize yung approach, parang direkta sayo kasi ikaw yung
nakakakita and pwede mong balikan yung mga for example may mga cases ka na hindi
maintindihan na part ng lesson pwede mong balikan in just a click.
Researcher: Does using those gadgets have any setback/negative effects as far as
studying is concerned? How does it cause you those disadvantages you have mentioned?
Respondent: Oo meron, like for example instead na gamitin ko yung electronic
resources naming in the field of education minsan nagagamit ko siya sa pagbrowse na
lang ng aking facebook account instead of educational purposes. Parang mas nalalaanan
ko ng oras yung pagbrowse ko ng aking mga social media accounts instead sa educational
purposes.
Researcher: What do you do to minimize or resolve those disadvantages?
Respondent: Siguro learn how to set your priorities and kumbisnsihin mo yung sarili mo
na ito dapat yung gawin mo wala nang iba. Yun learn how to set your priorities in the
sense na manindigan ka sa sarili mo na mag-aaral ako, gagamitin ko ang internet sa pag-
aaral, hindi ako magfefacebook, hindi ako mannonood ng youtube videos na wala lang na
hindi related sa pag-aaral.
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Researcher: How do you feel towards your classmates who have no gadgets to use as
study aids as you do? If seeing them without gadgets to use for their studies make you
feel bad, what concrete steps do you take to make yourself feel better for them, if any?
Respondent: Somehow naaawa ako sakanila na parang only I, could help them na
makacope, tutulungan ko sila. Kung nagpapasend sila ng notes yun sinesend ko na lang
din sakanila tapos minsan din may mga students din na nagpapasearch saakin kasi yun
nga wala silang wifi sa bahay. In that way, siguro natutulungan ko sila, in that way na
tinutulungan ko silang magsearch kasi diba nga may wifi kami sa bahay kaya yun
nagsesearch ako sa net ng mga pangangailangan nila.
Researcher: Does seeing them study their notes not using any technologies affect you at
all? If yes, how? If not, why do they not affect you?
Respondent: Sa case na ganyan hindi naman ako naaapektuhan kasi para saakin kanya-
kanyang review strategies yan eh. May mga students na kahit na meron silang phone,
meron silang laptop they preferred to review with a customized study material kaya para
saakin wala naming kaso saakin yun. May mga ilan din na nagrereview sa phone nila
because nakikita ko yun na they are comfortable of reviewing their notes through
electronic kaya wala akong nafefeel na bad.
Researcher: Aside from using your gadgets as a study tool, do you have other study
materials? If yes, what are they? How did you make/ got hold of them?
Respondent: Obviously wala, wala akong ginagamit na customized study materials. So
mostly nagrerely na lang ako sa net yung mga sinesend na powerpoint sa GC. Kung wala
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mang sinend, nagrerely na lang ako sa handouts na binigay ng teacher. Pero yung ako
mismo yung gagawa? Hindi, kaya mostly sa electronic talaga ako.
Researcher: Have you tried studying the notes used by your classmates stored in their
traditional notes, or maybe you have tried using traditional techniques in studying your
lessons in your early years in elementary or junior high school? If yes to either, how did
you find the experience studying from traditional notes? Was it easier or more difficult?
Why do say so?
Respondent: Feeling ko mas effective yung pag-aaral ko with the influence of these
gadgets, kasi unlike dati limited lang yung pagrereviewhan mo. Dati kasi gumagawa pa
ako ng reviewer ko, nagsusulat pa ako, pero on that case limited lang yung information
na nakukuha ko nagrerely kana lang dun sa notes mo lang but for the use of electronic
gadgets the information is very vast kaya mong magserach ng kahit na ano related sa
lessons. Pa’no pag oneday, yung teacher mo nagpaquiz nang medyo natouch yung topic
pero it relies ng parang advance ng konti. So yun magiging advantage ko yun kasi yung
information sa web or sa net mas broad, mas universal, marami, unlike dati na nakafocus
lang ako sa kung ano lang ang nakalagay sa notes ko. Mas yung knowledge ko mas
nagiging malaman, mas nagiging maraming laman yung utak ko dahil sa electronic
devices kaya para para saakin mas effective yung study habits ko, mas effective yung
pag-aaral ko nung dumating na saamin yung mga electronic resources as compared dati.
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Researcher: How would you compare studying from your electronic resources as
compared to studying traditional notes of your classmates notes written in their notes?
Respondent: Para saakin mas mahirap kasi nalilimit yung sarili mo sa kung anong
information na nakalagay lang doon. Kaya para saakin mas mahirap then in the sense na
kailangan mo pang mageeffort na magsulat, na on my part very timely yun kasi medyo
mabagal ako magsulat as compared sa use of electronic devices wherein you’re just going
to type the keywords, you’re just going to type the lessons and in just three to five second
andiyan na, andiyan na yung pag-aaralan mo.
Researcher: What does having electronic resources as study tools mean to you? What
does having such teach you?
Respondent: Sa akin mas nagiging advance kang mag-isip, mas nagiging advance ka as
a student na kahit na may dumating mang bagong lesson na namiss mo meron ka pa ring
idea. Kasi nga yung information na nakita mo sa net is very vast kaya kahit na for
example may namiss akong din akong lessons, I’m just going to search the lesson itself
kaya on that way may idea na ako sa lessons na namiss ko, na naintindihan ko yung
lessons ko kahit na wala nang inputs ng teacher.
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Respondent 3
Researcher: Good afternoon. May we know what’s your name, and where do you live?
Respondent: Full name?
Researcher: Ahh, yes.
Respondent: (name withheld). Mula sa barangay Bega ng San Carlos.
own?
Respondent: Laptop. Laptop, printer--- pati printer kasama ‘yun? Cellphones.
Researcher: Any wifi?
Respondent: Oo, meron ding wifi.
Researcher: How long have you had those gadgets with you? Since when you were in
elementary? Or…
Respondent: Hindi. Ngayong high school lang.
Researcher: For what purposes do you use them? Do you use them in your studies?
Respondent: Nagagamit sa pag-aaral, sa entertainment, sa pakikipag-communicate.
Researcher: So, if you’re using it in your studies, in what way? For example, is it
helping you to easily finish your assignments? How?
Respondent: Opo. ‘Yun nga ano, syempre kapag… ‘Pag may ano, wifi, ‘di ano madali
kong nahahanap ‘yung mga ano. Kung may mga tanong ako sa mga, sa mga topics, may
mga hindi ako naitindihan ganun. Kapag gusto ko pang alamin ‘yung mga deeper
meaning, ganun. nasesearch ko kasi may wifi. Ta’s kapag ano, napiprint ko din agad,
mga ganun.
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Researcher: So base on your experiences in using those gadgets, what are the
conveniences, good effects or advantages of having those electronic gadgets in your
studies? For example, in terms of reviewers, do you think that you are more advanced?
Respondent: Oo, kasi ‘diba nung dati wala kaming mga ganun, ano, atleast ngayon ano,
nakakatipid sa time mabuti, kasi unlike before na wala kaming mga ganun. Halos magpi-
print lang ako ng ganitong bagay, may assignment lang akong maliit, halos buong oras ko
na, buong araw na yung magagamit ko para lang doon. Pero ngayon nale-lessen ‘yung
time ko tsaka ayun nafifeel ko din na parang advanced ako. Nakakatulong siyang mabuti
sa pag-aaral ko.
Researcher: Hmm… so what do you think are the disadvantages of having an electronic
gadgets in your studies?
Respondent: Ahmm, disadvantages? Wala.
Researcher: Is it not making you less productive? Reliant on gadgets? Or is it not
distracting you in any way?
Respondent: Hindi naman.
Researcher: In your class, of course, not all of you have electronic gadgets. How do you
feel towards your classmates who have no gadgets to use as study aids as you do?
Respondent: Naaawa pag minsan ganun. Syempre parang pinagdaanan ko din ganun.
Researcher: If seeing them without gadgets to use for their studies make you feel bad,
what concrete steps or efforts are you doing to help them?
Respondent: Syempre kapag may lumalapit sa akin na, kunwari kapag may nagcha-chat
sa akin na pwedeng pa-print ng gan’to, ganiyan, syempre ginagawa ko para sa kanila. O
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kaya minsan kapag may nagpapasearch, ganun. Kung wala din silang wifi, e’di itatype ko
kung ano yung nasearch ko. Imbis na picture lang ‘yung isesend ko sa kanila, dahil nga
wala silang wifi, wala silang pang-view. Itatype ko na lang mismo ‘yung mga text.
Researcher: So what reactions do you usually see in those people that you’re helping?
Are they happy, or…
Respondent: Nagiging happy syempre.
Researcher: Is it helping in building a good relationship between the both of you?
Respondent: Oo. Nakakapag-build ng magandang relationship.
Researcher: Aside from using your gadgets as a study tool, do you have other study
materials? If yes, what are they? How did you make/ got hold of them?
Respondent: Meron din. Flashcards.
Researcher: Are you taking notes too?
Respondent: Oo nagnonotes din.
Researcher: So just like what you have said, you experienced the stage of not having any
electronic gadget right? How did you find the experience studying from traditional notes?
Was it easier or more difficult? Why do say so?
Respondent: Nahihirapan din. Pero nakasurvive din naman ako.
Researcher: so, how would you compare your ways of studying before, when you are
taking down notes, than today, where all of the lessons can be found in your gadgets?
Respondent: Ano, sa pag-aaral lang ba? Mas ano, mas napapadali ako sa pag-aaral.
Tsaka ano parang nagiging adavantageous sa self ko mismo. Nagiging ano, imbis na
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‘yung time na nilalaan ko (in studying), nababawasan. Nagiging, napupunta siya para sa
sarili ko na pangrelax ganun, para sa pag-aalaga ng self. Sa pag-aaral lang ba?
Researcher: (Mas ano ba, ‘yung nalalaman mo, yung mga notes mo, mas nagiging
advance ba kung may mga gadgets ka?
Respondent: Oo. Kasi syempre hindi lang mga dun sa ano, mga teacher. Maaaring may
mga hindi nasabi ‘yung teacher kaya mas nagiging broad ‘yung mga knowledge na
nakukuha ko about sa mga topics.
Researcher: So for the last question, what is the importance of having an electronic
resource in your studies?
Respondent: Napakahalaga kasi ano, mahirap kapag ‘yung wala kang ano, as in wala.
Kapag ‘yung parang mahirap kang makisabay sa mga kaklase mo kapag wala kang gamit.
Kahit papaano naman kaya mo kaya lang parang iba pa rin kapag meron at meron kang
kait isa man lang ganun, na gamit.
Respondent 4
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Researcher: Could you please introduce yourself?
Respondent: Ako nga pala si, (name withheld). 17 years old, from Balayong San Carlos
City, Pangasinan.
own?
Respondent: Cellphone, tablet and laptop.
Researcher: Any wifis or printers? May wifi kayo?
Respondent: Wala.
Researcher: We know for a fact that in this age of technology, many of us use
technology for many purposes including using gadgets like cellphones and tablets as
study aids. However, many of us still cannot afford to have any of these and be able to
use these for academic purposes. How do you feel not having any of those gadgets that
could have enabled you to use them to in your schooling?
Respondent: Actually okay lang naman sa akin yun kasi pwede ka naming magbasa eh,
marami namang libro doon sa bahay so para sa akin mas madaling maghanap ng
information kapag magbabasa ka, mas reliable pa nga kasi, kasi minsan kung magse-
search ka sa internet ganun minsan hindi mo ma-su--- wala yung assusrance na tama
yung mga nakalagay doon.
Researcher: Did you ever wish you had one of those gadgets? Why or why not?
Respondent: Oo naman syempre, for example yung printer diba mahirap yung magpa-
print pa kinabukasan.
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Researcher: Based on your experience of not using any gadgets as study tools, what
conveniences or good does not having any gadgets to use as study tools give you? How
does not having gadgets enable you to give you such conveniences?
Respondent: Oo yun nga yung sinabi ko na ano na kasi kapag naka connect ka sa wifi
ganun mayroon yung ano eh parang ten--- mayroon yung nasa tao na parang mag-oopen
siya ng ano wifi tas magsesearch ng net mga ganun kaya kung ano--- pero dahil nga wala
kaming ganun sa libro nalang ganun sa pagbabasa hindi lang--- hindi ka lang natututo ng
mga ano pero mas na—ano tawag dun? Mas nagiging critical mind… basta magkakaroon
ka ng mas critical na mind ganun.
Researcher: Does not having and not using those gadgets have any setback/negative
effects as far as your studies is concerned? If it causes any disadvantages, how does it
cause you those disadvantages you have mentioned?
Respondent: Syempre meron kasi nga sabi niyo na nga ngayon namumuhay na tayo sa
modernong ano, kung saan lahat ng ano, lahat ng kailangan nakalagay na sa internet mga
ganun, for example yung pagsesend ng mga project, syempre kug wala kang wifi paano
mo maisesend? Maghihintay ka pa ng ilang araw bago mo mai pass.
Researcher: What do you do to minimize or resolve those disadvantages? How do you
cope with those disadvantages?
Respondent: Ano magpapaprint ako sa mga computer shop.
study aids as you do?
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Respondent: Syempre naiintindihan ko sila kasi mahirap naman talaga kung wala kang
wifi kasi nga, kasi nga ano, yun nga nabubuhay na tayo sa ano tech---modern tech--- ano
na may technology pero mayroon paring paraan maraming paraan sa lahat ng bagay gaya
na lang na pwede silang pumunta ng ano, mga computer shop. Doon nila pwedeng gawin
yung mga kailangan nilang gawin.
Respondent: Siguro kapag nakakita ako ng ganun maiisip ko na ano, na, anong tawag
dun? Sila yung mga tao na parang magaling, wait lang paki pause haha. Feeling ko yung
mga tao na yun masipag sila, kasi syempre despite yung parang yung despite of the fact
na marami yung uso, hindi sila nakikisabay dun sa uso. Kumbaga mas pinipili nila yung
ano, yung kahit na mahirap gawin mas ginagawa nila yun. Nagegets niyo ba? Haha.
gadgets?
Respondent: Oo.
Researcher: How did you find the experience studying from gadgets? Was it easier to
study lessons from there, or was it more difficult? Why do say so?
Respondent: Madali naman pero, kapag yung sa mga diniscuss na, yung for example
yung mga sinabi ng teacher, syempre alangan namang mapipicturan mo yun, yung
sinasabi nila, or ano, so mas maganda parin na gumagamit ka ng ano, ng sulat.
Researcher: How would you compare studying from your traditional notes to those
studying from your classmates’ notes stored in their electronic resources?
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Respondent: Para sa akin yung sulat parin, kasi pwede mong, kapag may notes ka kasi
nandoon na yung key word, mas madali mo siyang basahin, pero kapag sa pdf ganun,
wherein nandun lahat ng napakaraming details, mas mahurap siyang basahin lalo na’t
ano, pero effective din naman siya kasi nga may pang, kasi there--- may instances na
hindi mo maisusulat lahat ng important keywords, mga ganun, so pwede mo pa siyang
balikan, ng buo pa sa ano, sa soft copy na meron ka.
Respondent: Just like for example sa mga subjects kung saan nahihirapan ako, sa math
ganun, ang ginagawa ko kasi kapag hindi ko maintindihan nagse search ako sa you tube,
nanonood ako ng mga tutorials, and also yung mga ano hindi ko maintindihan sinesearch
ko sa google mag ganun ganun. So importante siya kasi nga, magsearch ka lang makikita
na lahat ng informations na kailangan mo. Pero wag magrely fully doon sa mga ano…
Respondent 5
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Researcher: Tell us about yourself.
Respondent: Ako si (name withheld). 16, grade 11 STEM B student.
Researcher: Where do you live?
Respondent: Mamarlao San Carlos City, Pangasinan
own?
Respondent: Ano cell-cellphone tsaka laptop pero hindi ko din kadalasang ginagamit.
Researcher: (Yung sayo mismo?)
Respondent: Sa akin mismo…
Researcher: Any wifis or printers? May wifi kayo?
Respondent: Wala
Respondent: Syempre tuwing may lessons tapos powerpoint presentations yung
ginagamit minsan hindi ako nakakasunod tsaka ano hindi din ako nakakapagreview
minsan kasi masyadong mabilis yung slides hindi ko nasusulat kaagad ganun.
Researcher: (Naiistress ka ba?)
Respondent: Naiistress.
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Respondent: Oo, syempre kasi isa na ‘yon sa pinakakailangan ng estudyante.
Researcher: Is someone helping you?
Respondent: Hmm, meron. Sinesend nila sa GC ganun tas doon ako nagsusulat.
Respondent: Sa panahon ngayon, hindi gaano nakakapag-aral nang maigi kasi bilang
isang estudyante lalo na kapag wala kang cellphone, mahihirapan ka talaga,
mahihirapan ka talaga makasunod lalo na ‘pag hindi ka palasulat umaasa ka lang din sa
gadgets ganun.
Respondent: Ano kapag halimbawa yung mga kaklase ko meron silang notes gamit yung
phones nila ‘pag tapos na silang magsulat or tapos na silang magreview ganun ano
nakikigamit ako ng cellphone nila tas ano ginagamit ko din dun nalang din ako
nagrereview pagkatapos nila.
Researcher: (Paano kapag yung kunwari may isesearch ayy paano kapag yung
assignments mo is kailangan talaga ng internet? Ano yung ginagawa mong paraan?)
Respondent: Ano pumupunta nalang sa pinakamalapit na computer shop.
Researcher: Do some of your classmates also experience the dearth of electronic
resources? How do you feel towards them who have no gadgets to use as study aids as
you do?
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Respondent: Oo, may mga kaklase din ako na walang gadgets, walang cellphone, wala
ding internet sa bahay ganun. Ano, kapag nagsusulat kami, yung,yung mga walang
cellphone parang kami-kami lang din yung magkakasama na nagsusulat .
Researcher: (So, diba everytime na nakikita mo sila ano, naapektuhan ka ba parang sa
isip mo ba, parang anong tawag dun? Parang naaawa ka ba? Parang ganun or something.)
Respondent: Sa sarili ko?
Researcher: Or at others also, to your classmates.
Respondent: Sa mga katulad ko din? Oo, yung ano yung ibang kaklase ko na wala ding
gadgets ganun kasi may mga ibang mga kaklase din ako na hindi talaga palasulat, hindi
din sila nagrereview ganun, kaya minsan naaawa kasi mababa yung nakukuha nila sa
quizzes o sa exam kasi ayon.
gadgets? Has it been difficult for you? Or not at all?
Respondent: Ano mahirap minsan kasi ano kapag ano mahirap kasi diba nakikigamit
kalang? Paano kapag ano yung kailangan talaga nila? Kaya misan hindi din ako
napapahiram kaya mahirap talaga. Mas madali para sa’kin yung sa akin mismo, yung ako
mismo yung gumagawa kasi mas maiitindihan ko iyon.
Respondent: Siguro ang pagkakaiba lang no’n mas maiintindihan mo yung, yung notes
na ikaw mismo ang gumawa compared sa notes ginawa ng kaklase mo.
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Respondent: Yung, para sa akin pagkakaroon ng electronic resources ano sa panahon
ngayon napakaimortante na nun kasi ‘yun na nga diba uso na yung powerpoint
presentations more on, more on slides na din yung ginagamit sa paraan nang pagtuturo ng
mga teachers, kay kakailanganin mo talaga ng gadgets such as cellphones para sa pag-
aaral.
Respondent 6
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Respondent: Ako po si, (name withheld). 11 STEM A. Tapos, ahmm…
Researcher: Where do you live?
Respondent: Sa Agdao, pero ano, temporary lang.
own?
Respondent: Hmm... Laptop tapos cellphone.
Researcher: Any wifi?
Respondent: Wifi? Wala.
Researcher: Printer?
Respondent: Printer, wala rin.
Respondent: Para sakin, okay lang.
Respondent: Hindi. Para sakin kasi ano, kahit sabihin man nila na ano, yung old fashion
ako, yung, hindi ako mahilig masyado sa teknolohiya.
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Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
Respondent: Ah, ano. Maaga akong natutulog ganun. Tas nakakapagreview nang
maayos. Nakakapagsulat ganun. Mas maganda yung takbo ng utak.
Respondent: Kapag wala? Siguro ano, kapag may ano, may assignment na kailangan
talaga ng magsearch sa online ganun, sa internet ganun. Lalo na kapag walang library?
Ganun. Yun lang.
Respondent: Kapag mag-aaral ako ano, bago umuwi pupunta muna sa computer shop o
kaya lagi akong nagtetake-down notes. Yun yung buhay ko.
Researcher: (Hindi ka ba nagloload sa cellphone mo? Di ba meron kang phone?
Nagloload ka ba?)
Respondent: Nagloload.
Researcher: For texting purposes or for internet purposes?
Respondent: Minsan kung kailangan kong... Kung may kailangan akong isearch, yung
iloload ko isasama ko na rin yung pang-internet. Pero kapag wala, more on sa text and
calls lang.
72
Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
Researcher: (So lagi ka sa computer shop?)
Respondent: Hindi naman. Madalang lang. Parang hindi pa ngayon. Kasi may cellphone
na ako. Yun na lang yung niloloadan ko.
study aids as you do?
Respondent: Para sakin ano, nakikita ko na parang mas deter... Mas determinado sila sa
pag-aaral kung walang cellphone. Kasi kung may cellphone parang may lagi silang
ginagawa ganun parang may bad effects din yun.
Respondent: Hindi rin. Kasi ano, lalo kapag meron namang ibang resources na kailangan
kong gamitin na bukod sa gadget. Para sakin mas okay parin yun.
gadgets?
Respondent: Oo. Mahirap kasi, ano. Lalo na kapag mabilis siyang tumingin ganun. Tas
ako, gusto kong basahin ng paulit-ulit ganun. Ano, tas mahirap makigamit sa iba kasi
syempre, kapag iba din yung paraan niya ng pagrereview iba din yung sakin ganun.
Parang ganun.
Respondent: Siguro sila ano, more on technology. Lalo na ngayon. Sa panahon na, yung
era na'to na technology na yung ano. Para sakin ano, yung way? Yung way nila is ano,
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Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
more on picture-picture lang. Yung halos yung iba hindi na nagtetake-down notes pero
sakin ano mas gusto ko yung nagtetake-down notes. Kasi para sakin nagreretain yun sa
utak ko, ganun. Tapos parang mas maganda yung buhay kasi may pakialam ka sa
surroundings mo. Kasi kapag may gadget ka, parang nakafocus ka lang sa bagay na yun
eh.
Respondent: Siguro ano, sa mga... Sa mga... Sa mga assignment ganun. Sa
pakikipagcommunicate lalo na kapag malayo yung parents mo sayo ganun. Tas sa
studying, kapag... Kapag may pinasa sila sa.. through.. sa.. online.. through.. Sa gc!
Ganun. Hindi ako updated. Tapos kapag may sinabing biglaang quiz, magrereview kayo
para bukas. Ako pang yung late ganun. Tas rush. Di ko nadadownload yung mga pdf
ganun.
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Respondent 7
Respondent: My name is (name withheld). Grade 11 STEM A. Nakatira sa
barangay Caingal San Carlos City, Pangasinan. 16 years old.
own?
Respondent: Cellphone yun lang.
Researcher: Printer? Or anything else?
Respondent: Wala kaming printer, wala ring wifi.
Respondent: Ano nahihirapan akong mag cope sa lessons kasi maraming teacher digitally
ano na sila, techy na din sila, madalas ng notes, o send send na lang kaya nahihirapan akong
i-access yung mga sinisend nila through messenger kasi wala kaming wifi tas kahit may
cellphone ako napakahina ng signal sa bahay namin, kaya kahit ano, ano di pa rin ako
makapag online.
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Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
Respondent: Oo kasi nakikita ko rin sa mga ano, mga kaklase ko na parang EZ, easy na
lang sa kanila na, na kakasend lang ngayon bukas mayroon na silang notes, madali na silang
maka cope up sa ano…
Researcher: Does it have a positive effect on you? If yes, what conveniences or good does
not having any gadgets to use as study tools give you? How does not having gadgets
enable you to give you such conveniences?
Respondent: Oo, nakikinig na lang ako sa ano, ano sa teachers instead na mag cellphone
during discussion tapos sa bahay review na rin kasi wala namang laptop para manood or
something, wala ring internet, wala ng facebook, wala ng distraction.
Respondent: Negative? yun nga nahihirapan akong mag cope-up lalo na sa mga techy na
teachers.
Researcher: (Tinuturing mo bang disadvantage yung sa ranking hindi ka rin makahabol?)
Respondent: Oo disadvantage yun para sa akin kasi, time consuming siya, kasi kapag may
projects ganun kailangan ko pang pumunta sa mga computer shop, kailangan pang pumunta
sa kapitbahay para maka-access ng wifi, instead na kapag mayroon akong sarili ko mas
mapapabilis yung paggawa kapag mayroong
Researcher: (So yun yung mga strategies mo ano?) How do you feel towards your
classmates who have no gadgets to use as study aids as you do? Do you pity them or
what?
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Respondent: Parang hindi naman naaawa yung tamang term pero, marami kasing
disadvantage ang ano, parang hindi naaawa yung term pero parang ganun. Hindi ko
mahanap yung term. It’s ineffable---ay!
all? If yes, how?
Respondent: Oo parang mas marami kasing time sa akin, mas marami silang time sa akin
na makipag kwentuhan, kasi yung isa diyan nakatutok sa cellphone kaya parang wala
kaming time sa isat-isa ganun
gadgets?
Respondent: Oo nung kay (name), kasi ang gawain nun, ano mag-post ka ng video eh wala
akong--- that time wala pa akong cellphone na pang-video wala pang internet. Hindi ko pa
alam yung post-post na kung ano-ano, kasi kailangan gumawa ka ng page eklabush. Hindi
ko pa alam yung mga bagay na yun kasi hindi ako updated, hindi siya techy.
Researcher: (In terms of pagrereview, diba ngayon halos pdf na…)
Respondent: Oo kaya nanghihiram na lang rin ako.
Researcher: (Anong feeling nun parang mas madali ba o…)
Respondent: Hindi, kasi minsan syempre nagrereview din sila, ginagamit din nila. Kaya
hindi nila maipahiram sa akin. May mga times na hindi na ako nakakapag-review.
Researcher: (I mean yung ano--- ay hindi ka sirin, hindi ka rin gumagawa ng mga study
techniques mo like gumagawa ka ng flashcards na sarili mo?)
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Respondent: Oo gumagawa, pero yung iba kasi hindi na sila nagsusulat sa board, parang
isesend na lang nila, may mga teachers na puro powerpoint na lang.
studying from your classmates’ notes stored in their electronic resources? What is the
difference?
Respondent: Ano mas may advantage yung may gadgets ka kasi kapag sa notes may
teachers na mabilis magsalita, may mga notes kang hindi nakukuha, yung kulang-kulang
yung notes mo kaya--- pero kapag may gadget ka pictures na lang, pasend na lang dito
ganun.
Researcher: What is the importance of having electronic resources in studying?
Respondent: Nowadays kasi ang cellphone hindi na siya wants, nagiging needs na siya ng
isang estudyante kasi gaya ng ng sinabi ko kanina, paulit-ulit ko na lang sinabi, techy yung
teacher, mas may advantage yung mga students na complete ang resources, mas madali
silang maka-access sa mga notes and reviewers, mas madali silang makacope-up sa lesson
kasi instead na magsusulat ka ng mano-mano, mas maiintndihan mo pa yung lesson kasi
makikinig ka na lang sa teacher hindi ka na magsusulat--- magkakaunda--- magkaka---
magkakanda-ugaga! Sa pag nonote-taking.
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Appendix D
Thematic Analysis
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CURRICULUM VITAE
I. Personal Background
Name: Nemiah P. Cabanilla
Age: 16 years old
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: November 12, 2002
Place of Birth: San Carlos City, Pangasinan
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Baptist
II. Educational Background
Elementary: Gamata Elementary School
Secondary: Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School
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Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:
Age:
Sex:
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Civil Status:
Religion:
Elementary:
Secondary:
81
Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:
Age:
Sex:
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Civil Status:
Religion:
Elementary:
Secondary:
82
Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:
Age:
Sex:
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Civil Status:
Religion:
Elementary:
Secondary:
83
Telephone No.: +6375•955•5258
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:
Age:
Sex:
Date of Birth:
Place of Birth:
Civil Status:
Religion:
Elementary:
Secondary:
84

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Final Na Final Stress

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SPEAKER EUGENIO PEREZ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL

Roxas Boulevard, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, Philippines

Lack Unlock: Academic Coping Strategies of Science, Technology, Engineering and

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Martin, Krystel Ann A.

Background of the Study

so many changes is because of technological development.

of everyday life and with that, education is no exception. Information and

communications technologies (ICTs) infiltrate classrooms around the world at an

structural changes that can be integral to achieving significant improvements in

Thus, the emergence of technology has a profound impact on the educational

landscape of our society. Technological advancements in studying and assessment have

significant. This widespread adoption of technology has completely changed how

teachers or classmates, do independent research, or get online homework help. For

have already discovered the advantage of this versatile tool.

Grade 11 STEM students of Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School

resources the ways on students stand up in class.

Statement of the Problem

have of such in terms of study habits?

of devising other means to aid them in their studies?

Significance of the Study

resources on their academic outcome in Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural

having and not having electronic resources in terms of study habits.

about academic coping strategies in the absence of electronic resources.

Scope and Delimitation

The study is phenomenology in nature and focused on Grade 11 Science,

Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students of Speaker Eugenio Perez

National Agricultural School (SEPNAS).

The researcher used the phenomenology type of Research Design. Phenomenology

be minimized through effective strategies on how to cope up in class.

activities without these electronic resources.

Duration and Locale of the Study

last week of March at Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School.

In 1900s a primary school was established in consonance with the educational

High School in 1928.

State Agricultural College. By virtue of a bill sponsored by Angel B. Fernandez of the

school in San Carlos City.

Population and Participants

The researchers decided to interview the Grade 11- Science Technology

Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students of Speaker Eugenio Perez National

who suffer from the dearth of electronic resources.

Palaris San Carlos City.

dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Jaja.

dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Olaf.

Informant 4 is a 16 year-old female who is grade11 STEM-A, who have electronic

resources, we the researchers named her Yazh.

Informant 5 is a 17 year-old female who is grade11 STEM-B who have electronic

dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Olaf.

dearth of electronic resources we the researchers named her Germs.

Materials and Procedure

set of predefined semi-structured questions. They will design an interview guides to

in electronic resources and who encounter learning problems.

them for data analysis.

the study were explained before conducting data collection.

enrolled in her school jurisdiction.

2. Knowing the informants' brief background. Identifying the necessary background

qualified as the study’s informants

4. Securing the confidentiality. As part of the researchers’ obligation, the interviewees

Informants if revealing their names in this study if fine for them.

phone) will be used in the interview.

be provided for clarification and amendment.

interview by asking the informants questions related to this study.

took down the essential information in case of environments noise.