REPRODUCTIVE 3 GLANDS :

SYSTEM a) SEMINAL VESICLE

- Produces seminal fluid
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM * Most of the fluids for sexual
intercourse would come from
1. EXTERNAL STRCTURE seminal vesicle.
A. PENIS b) PROSTATE GLAND
a) GLANS PENIS - Produces prostate fluid
- Rich in nerve endings c) BULBOURETHRAL GLAND
b) SHAFT/BODY - Produces lubricant for sexual
- Composed of corpus intercourse
cavernosum (responsible for
erection of the penis) and GROWTH STAGES OF A PENIS
corpus spongiosum - The penis would not grow or would not fully
c) ROOT mature unless you reach your puberty stage
- The puberty stage has been different from
B. SCROTUM time to time
- Protect testis
- Change its position or elevate if there is TANNER STAGE
a change in temperature - Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR)
NOTE: - is an objective classification system that
* For the sperm inside the testis to providers use to document and track the
survive, the temperature of the testis or development and sequence of secondary sex
scrotum should be 2-3 degrees lower characteristics of children during puberty
than the body’s temperature
* When it’s cold, the scrotum would go FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
nearer the body or would elevate 1. EXTERNAL STRUCTURE
*CREMASTER MUSCLE A. CLITORIS
- the one that’s responsible for elevating - Rich in nerve ending
the scrotum - For pleasure
*CREMASTERIC REFLEX B. LABIA MAJORA
- when you brush, stroke or strike the - Protects the vulva
inner thigh of the male, the scrotum C. LABIA MINORA
elevates or goes nearer the body - Protects the opening of the vagina
or vaginal orifice, clitoris, urethral
2. INTERNAL STRUCTURE orifice
A. TESTIS OR TESTICLE * MONS PUBIS
- Site of sperm production and sperm - Rich in pubic hair
maturation - The rounded mass of fatty tissue lying
a) SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES over the joint of the pubic bones
- production of the sperm 2. INTERNAL STRUCTURE
b) EPIDIDYMIS a) OVARY
- Maturation of sperm - Primary sex organ of the female
c) DUCTUS DEFERENS OR VAS - Produces ovum(egg cell)
DEFERENS b) FALLOPIAN TUBE
- Long network or pathway for - Network or pathway when the
semen ovum becomes fertilized
d) LEYDIG CELLS i. FIMBRIA
- Produces testosterone which is - acessory of fallopian tube
the sex hormone of the male - “fringes”
e) SERTOLI CELLS
- Produce or nourish sperms c) UTERUS - HOLDS THE BODY
during maturation, gives i. FUNDUS
support to sperm - Upper portion
ii. BODY
 - Bigger portion
iii. CERVIX
- Passageway of the baby when
giving birth
- Passageway of menses
- Tip
- Could be divided into
REGIONS:
1. INTERNAL OS
- The one inside the body of
the uterus
2. EXTERNAL OS
- The one you can palpate
digitally
d) VAGINA
- Passage way of the baby and
passage way of menses
BREAST OR MAMMARY GLANDS
- Important for pleasure
A. NIPPLE
B. AREOLA
- Pigmented in our female mammary
gland
- When your pregnant, your areola
tends to darken due to hormones
C. LOBULES
- Responsible for production of milk
D. LACTIFEROUS DUCT
- Network or pathway for the milk
that would be ejected in the nipple
MITOSIS
- Production of cells that would produce
diploid daughter cells (exact same copy of
parent cells)
MEIOSIS
- Found in gametes or sex cells such as
sperm and ovum and the result would
be haploid daughter cell(mitosis x2)
- Would only be found in gametes or sex
cells such as the sperm and ovum
- Production of cells that would produce
haploid cells
- Formation of gametes
- Can be your spermatogenesis or
oogenesis
GAMETOGENESIS
- Formation of gametes
- Can be your spermatogenesis (production
of sperm) or oogenesis (production of
ovum)
A. SPERMATOGENESIS
- HAVE 2 STAGES
1. SPERMATOCYTOGENESIS
 Mitosis happens first
Why should mitosis happen first?
 To have a back up or a
storage or pool of sperm
cells so that we would not
run out of sperm
2. SPERMIOGENESIS
 Would undergo real
meiosis
*The final output of meoisis
in spermatogenesis are 4
haploid spermatids (we’re
not sure if they will all
mature or functional)
 MATURATION OF SPERMATOZOA:
*SPERMATOGONIA 1. GOLGI PHASE
- The germ cell of spermatogenesis - Would produce enzymes for the
- Is the sperm cell or germ cell acrosome (found in the head of the
* When the spermatogonia would divide through sperm) of the sperm
mitosis, you would create a primary - THE USE OF ENZYMES WOULD BE TO
spermatocyte. PENETRATE THE OVUM
* When the primary spermatocyte would divide 2. ACROSOMAL PHASE
through meiosis, you would create secondary - the acrosome is mature creating a gap
spermatocyte that would between the acrosome and body
end up as your spermatids 3. TAIL PHASE
*SPERMATIDS - There is a production of flagella or the tail
- Are immature sperm cells 4. MATURATON PHASE
- Needs to undergo maturation for them to - the cytoplasm of the sperm cell
become a mature cell or sperm disintegrates which makes it fully mature
*SPERMATOZOA
- Mature sperm cells * What is unique in meiosis is crossing over.
Wherein one daughter cell from the opposite sex
B. OOGENESIS would combine with the other daughter cell from
- Production of ovum or egg cells the opposite sex. that’s why genetic
- Starts at fetal stage recombination is possible in meiosis. in short
- 1 ovum is produced, the rest are known as polar there is an exchange of chromosomes between
bodies (3 polar bodies, 1 ovum the two cells.
- Start fetal stage, pause in prophase 1 of meiosis
1 and will be active again puberty and will stop INFERTILITY
again in metaphase of meiosis 2 and will continue - Inability to conceive a child
once you fertilize the egg with a sperm *CAUSE OF INFERTILITY IN MEN:
1. Low sperm count
* OOGONONIUM 2. Low motility of the sperm or non-motility
- Would come from the germ cell of your egg and
undergoes mitosis to have reserve ovum IMPOTENCE
- Would form primary oocyte and first polar body - The penis would not erect or harden

* WHY DO WE NEED POLAR BODY?

I. POLAR BODY
- Will never be an ovum
- Trash bin of ovum
- Rejected chromosomes will go to polar
body
- For nourishment
*The number of eggs that a female would have is
already determined during fetal stage
*If you have 300-500 millions of egg at fetal stage,
at birth one half of it would die or disintegrate
and other half would either mitosis for backup
during puberty stage or would undergo meiosis
and would be part of your ovulation
*OVULATION
- Would be a release of 1egg
- In some instances, you can release 2 eggs
that is why you have fraternal twins