Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cross Cultural Understanding Educational
Cross Cultural Understanding Educational
ATTITUDE
1. Topic
English as a second language programs that are solely language
oriented cannot fully assist foreign and immigrant students to understand
and adapt to important cultural differences of the host country. It purpose,
which is directed to intermediate and advanced students.
Cross Cultural Understanding is the subject that learns about the
differences culture in each country. It tells about the custom, culture,
behavior, and life from a country such as United States that use English as
their language.
There are many topics in this subject to increase our knowledge about
the culture in United States. They are introduction, verbal patterns,
nonverbal communication, personal relationships, and family values. Besides
that there are also the topics that related with previous topic. They are
educational attitude, work values, time and space pattern, cultural conflict,
and cultural adjustment. But, in this paper I decided to choose “Educational
Attitude” as my topic.
2. Reasons
In this assignment I choose “Educational Attitude” as my topic because
education is one of aspects that important and had an effect on development
from a country. It reputed as determinant of the quality to human resources.
Favorable or unfavorable of an educational attitude can see by means of the
result from human resources’ quality.
Each country has educational attitude that different another to
development the quality from their human resources such as in United States
and Indonesian. The differences of their educational attitude are interest to
we know and learn. I want to know how educational attitude that has been
decided in United States until make this country is able to being one of
developed country in the world. I also want to compare the differences of
education system in these countries which make they have much differences
in their development. The last reasons why I choose this topic is I want to be
able know and learn how important the educational attitude that has been
learned which is there in United States with Indonesia country.
Diversity in Education
1. In United States
There is considerable variety in classrooms for each university in the
United States. No two courses are identical. It is caused teaching methods and
curricula are diverse. There are considerable different between
undergraduate and graduated courses. In the classroom is expensive for it
atmosphere, private universities may differ from that in community college.
Although more costly, private universities ogled by people capable as private
universities generally have the image of bourgeois and elite. About quality,
there may be little difference, but not too significant. Whereas, community
college university which are free and open to everyone.
2. In Indonesia
Indonesia’s education system has distinctive features, namely the
majors since high school are science and social. And unfortunately, prestige
science stream is better than social. But still, the Indonesian education
system does not respect the students themselves because this system.
Students is a wildcard,a novice who has not obtained a job and allocates the
skill point. With their majors, then turn right school students to choose what
they like.
Generally, teaching method and curricula in schools or universities are
same each other. Government has been decided teaching method and
curricula which have to use by all of teacher in every school and universities.
It usually changes after a year or more than. It is being used by almost of
education system in each college. Although not all of them has same facilities
and situations. Every region has diversity to face each problem especially
educational.
Besides that, In Indonesian, private universities are generally not very
well known, unless it had great names or that have a high level of
achievement. Most of people prefer the public universities because the cost is
cheaper than private. When it comes to quality, private universities in
Indonesian generally have little problems. The perceptions that private
universities have less quality than public universities. However all of them
are same. It depends to teaching method in the class. How the teachers do
something to make their students have good qualities.
Active Participants
1. In United States
Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of
the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on
the student’s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during
which the students has a passive role. Many courses are organized around
classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate
seminars the professor has a”managerial” role the students make
presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in
these seminars.
Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to
guide the class without dominating it. Students who make assertions that
contradict the professor’s point of view should be prepared to substantiate
their positions.
2. In Indonesia
There are many students in a classroom. The teachers have difference
way how to teach and apply their subject for their students. For example they
make presentations and discussions. They divided into some groups which
have to able had pat the material of their subject. But, just a few of they can
do it. It also when they work together to done their assignments with the
members of their groups. Just some member that try to do it, another only
hope to them. So they do not understand about their material.
When discussion in the classroom, there are so many student that join
to it. But to be the active participant they still less interest. Almost of them
just be good listener. Although the teachers have been give chance to their
student to give questions or comment. But the students do not use the
chance. Moreover if the teacher does not write their name in the paper when
they asking or comment. They just want use the chance if the teacher will
give good score to them.
The Teacher-Student Relationship
1. In United States
Many instructors believe that an informal, relaxed classroom
environment is conducive to learning and innovation. The casual professors
are not necessarily a poor one and still respected by students. Although
students may be in a subordinate position, some professors treat them as
equals.
Professors may establish social relationships with students outside of
the classroom, but in the classrooms they maintain the instructor’s role. They
have several roles in relation to students; they may be counselors and friends
as well as teachers. Students must realize that when a teacher’s role changes,
they must appropriately adapt their behavior and attitude.
2. In Indonesia
There are many schools or universities in Indonesia. It means, almost of
societies are teachers and students. They usually have same places. But they
have different work. Relationship between them should good. But, some
students have bad thing that they do to their teachers. They do not realize
that their parents ask to them in learning knowledge. Sometimes the students
also not obey to teacher’s rule. They only want get good score without study
hard. They dissatisfied if their teachers give bad scores to them.
Teacher and student have to make relationship not only in the class
room, but also out of class room. When in the class teacher will explain about
the subject and the student accept it as knowledge for them. Even out class
room the relationship of teachers and students may be like as friendship.
They can be sharing about their experience each other. It can make the
relation will better than just only in the classrooms. But, this matter seldom
will see in Indonesian. Both of them only make a relationship which related
about subject and academy in school or universities.
Besides that, the students also less appreciate to their teacher.
Sometimes their teacher put down as their friends without see the situation
around them. They feel if their teacher is people who just needed to
appreciate when they are in the classroom. But, when outside of the
classroom they not do it. So, the relationships of them have to be good
relationship and still need to increase time by time.
Independent Learning
1. In United States
The ideal students are considered to be one who is motivated to learn
for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades.
Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a
grade. Even if a grade is not given, the students are responsible for learning
the material assigned.
When research assigned, the professor expects the students to take the
initiative and to complete the assignment with minimal guidance. They will
help students who need it, but prefer that their students not be overly
dependent on them. They also have other duties besides teaching. In
addition, they may be obliged to publish articles and books. Therefore the
time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited.
2. In Indonesia
The education system in Indonesia is too stressed to the theory. Indeed,
the school or universities have laboratories, but not always used.
Academically, they are good, but once ordered to do practice, they are
desperate. When their teacher or lecturer give assignment to them, some
students try to done it with cheat to their friends. They often do it by their
self. Whereas their teacher has been ask to them for work it by them without
have to cheat or plagiarizing. But they still have not self-confidence to try it
by their self. It means their skill in learning will not increase. They also less in
reading education books. They prefer read novel or magazines about their
idols than read new information about their subject.
The teachers less attention or care to their students in learning
independent. They just give assignment to them and less control if their
students cheating with their friends’ assignments. Some teachers only control
what their students has collect their assignment or not. They just thumb
through. Seldom of them who see into millstone. So that is way the quality of
people that job still very wistfully.
The students also less attention to increase their knowledge. They just
study and find in their school or universities. They try to find new things if
they were given assignments by their teacher. It just make them want to get
high score without improve their knowledge. Whereas it was given as one of
medium to improve their skill and knowledge in specific subjects.
The Honor System
1. In United States
The “honor system “imposed by the teacher and the university,
demands that the student be honest in all areas of school work. Many
students are also aware that they can jeopardize their rapport with fellow
students if they are dishonest. Students who cheat may lose the respect of
other students, particularly these who study for exam and work
independently.
2. In Indonesia
Cheating on test and plagiarizing in written work is a behavior that
Indonesian students usually do in their study process. These skullduggeries
have been viewed as usual behavior for almost of the students in Indonesian.
They do not have a little guilt in their self. Education cavities sidehas been try
to give socialization process for students that their acts only make loss to
their self and their environment. Teachers and lecturers also always warn off
do it to their students every teaching process. Various rules have been
making too that related these culture. But, the applications of it still less. It
caused just a few of students that realize about that, almost of them all the
better choose this culture to get good score.
In addition, the “honor system“ is usually something that does not have
strictly enforced rules teaching its students. In Indonesian, it has meaning for
each teachers or students.Honor system is usually made in the first meeting
lecturer and students. It make as agree and disagree between them. But it
only obeys by the students just a moment. After many meeting also of them
began to forget and forget it.
Competition
1. In United States
Relationship between students in the classroom can be cooperative or
competitive. Therefore, in classes where such a grading “curve” is used,
students may be reluctant to share lecture notes or information for fear that
their own grades will suffer. Another reason for the presence of competition
among students. A high grade point average is needed for entrance to
superior graduate schools. Students feel pressure to achieve high grade when
there are relatively few openings in graduate programs. Ultimately, it is the
students who are responsible for succeeding in this competitive system.
2. In Indonesia
Almost not has main purpose for education system to make strength it
position in prepare to compete the quality of human resources. Almost
cannot see too the real work to repaired learning process, research, and try
to build power for make competition with foreign education.
Faster learning process also viewed as a lucky to education system
which then born new business is acceleration class. Until now it has impact
that still is controversial. For education business person in finishing study
early than other with product quickest graduated viewed as be able to get
result that are bigger than conventional method. It is because circulation of
student as consumer between passes and new be faster until profit also
followed automatically.
Besides that, Relationships between students in the classroom tend to
bandwagon. Indonesian students also should be able cooperative or
competitive. But, almost of them just want to graduated earlier than others.
They do not care the quality of their education. Although the real competition
in job is not only have graduated, but also has real competence in their self.
However the education in Indonesian has make this rule, but there are still
not has good quality which get good job. It caused almost of people here only
want their families can work together. So, the competition in Indonesia is still
not making reality, yet.
Situs: http://putthree-buginezze.blogspot.co.id/2012/04/cross-cultural-
understanding.html