MathCity.org Exercise 2.

3 (Solutions)
Mathematics (Science Group): 10 th
Merging man and maths
Written by Amir Shehzad, Version: 1.0

Q.1 Without solving, find the sum and product Solution :  a  b  x 2  ax  b  0

of the roots of following quadratic equations:
Ax 2  Bx  C  0
(i ) x 2  5 x  3  0 A   a  b  , B  a , C  b
Solution : x  5 x  3  0
2
b  a  a
Sum of roots  S    
ax  bx  c  0
2
a  ab  ab
a  1, b  5, c  3 c b
Product of roots  P  
b  5  a ab
Sum of roots  S      5
a  1 
(v )  l  m  x 2   m  n  x  n  l  0

Product of roots  P 
c 3
 3 Solution :  l  m  x 2   m  n  x  n  l  0
a 1
ax 2  bx  c  0
(ii ) 3 x 2  7 x  11  0 a  l  m , b   m  n  , c  n  l
Solution : 3x 2  7 x  11  0 b   m  n 
Sum of roots  S  
ax 2  bx  c  0 a lm
a  3, b  7 , c  11 c nl
Product of roots  P  
b 7 a lm
Sum of roots  S  
a 3 (vi ) 7 x 2  5mx  9n  0
c 11
Product of roots  P   Solution :7 x 2  5mx  9n  0
a 3
ax 2  bx  c  0
(iii ) px 2  qx  r  0 a  7 , b  5m , c  9n
Solution : px 2  qx  r  0 b  5m  5m
Sum of roots  S    
ax  bx  c  0
2
a  7  7
a  p , b  q , c  r c 9n
Product of roots  P  
b  q  q a 7
Sum of roots  S    
a  p  p Q.2 Find the value of k if.
c r
Product of roots  P    i  Sum of the roots of equation 2kx2  3x  4k  0
a p
is twice the product of roots.
(iv)  a  b  x2  ax  b  0
Solution : 2kx 2  3x  4k  0

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 1
 ax 2  bx  c  0 2  3k  7   3  5k 
a  2k , b  3, c  4k  6k  14  15k
Let  ,  be the roots of equation 14  15k  6k
  3  3 14  21k
Sum of roots      
2k 2k 14 2
k 
c 4k 21 3
Productof roots     2
a 2k 2
k
According to given conditions : 3
S  2P
Q.3 Find k, if
3
 2  2 (ii ) Sum of the squares of the roots
2k
3 of the equation 4kx 2  3kx  8  0 is 2
4
2k Solution : x 2  3kx  8  0
3  4  2k  ax 2  bx  c  0
3  8k a  4k , b  3k , c  8
3 b
k Sum of roots     
8 a
3 3k 3
k  
8 4k 4
c
(ii ) Sum of the roots of the equation Product of roots  P   
3 a
x 2   3k  7  x  5k  0 is times the
8 2
2  
products of roots. 4k k
Solution : 1x 2   3k  7  x  5k  0 Given that sum of square of roots is 2
ax 2  bx  c  0 2  2  2
a  1, b   3k  7  , c  5k  2   2  2  2  2
Let  ,  be the roots of equation
(   ) 2  2  2
b   3k  7 
Sum of roots        3k  7 3 2
a 1 Put      
c 5k 4 k
Productof roots      5k
 3   2 
2
a 1
   2   2
According to given conditions :  4   k 
9 4 9k  64
3
S P  2  2
2 16 k 16k

3 9k  64  2(16k )
 3k  7   5k  9k  64  32k
2
64  32k  9k

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 2
 64 k 2 k  1
64  23k  k 
23 k  1, 2
64
Hence k  Q.4 Find p if
23

(ii) Sum of the square of the roots of the (i) The roots of the equation x 2  x  p 2  0

equation x 2  2kx  (2k  1)  0 is 6 differ by unity.

Solution: x 2  x  p 2  0
Solution: x 2  2kx  (2k  1)  0
ax 2  bx  c  0
ax 2  bx  c  0
a  1, b  2k , c  2k  1 a  1, b  1, c  p 2
 ,  are the roots of equation Let the roots are '  'and '   1'
b Sum of roots  S      1
Sum of roots      b
a  1 
    1
  2k  a  1 
  2k
1 2  1  1
c 2  1  1
Product of roots  P   
a 2  2
2k  1  1
  2k  1
1 Product of roots  P     1
According to given condition :
c p2
  6
2 2
   p2
a 1
 2   2  2  2  6    1  p 2
(   ) 2  2  6 Putting value of   1
Put     2k   2k  1
11  1  p 2
 2k   2  2k  1  6
2
p2  0  p  0
4k  4k  2  6
2

(ii) Find p if the roots of the equation

4k 2  4k  2  6  0
x 2  3x  p  2  0 differ by 2.
4k 2  4k  8  0
4  k 2  k  2  0 Solution: x 2  3x  p  2  0

k2  k  2  0 ax 2  bx  c  0
k 2  2k  k  2  0 a  1, b  3, c  p  2
k  k  2   1 k  2   0 Let the roots are ' 'and '   2 '
Sum of roots  S      2
 k  2  k  1  0 b  3 
k 2  0 k 1  0      3
a  1 

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 3
 2  2  3  7 
     7 ...(i )
2  3  2  1 
2  1 c 3m  5
Product of roots= = 
1 a 1

2  3m  5 ...(ii )
Product of roots  P     2  Since 3 +2 =4 ...(iii)
c p2 From equation (i )
   p2
a 1   7
   2   p  2   7 
1 Put   7   in equation(iii)
Putting value of  
2 3 +2 =4
1  1  3 +2  7    =4
  2  p  2
2  2  3 +14  2 =4
1  1  4 
   p2  +14  4
2  2 
  4  14
1  5 
   p2   10
2  2 
Put   10 in   7  
5
 p2   7   10 
4
5   7  10    17
p  2
4 Put   10 and   17 in equation (ii)
58   3m  5
p
4  10 17   3m  5
13
p 170  3m  5
4
170  5  3m
Q.5 Find m if 165  3m
(i) The roots of the equation 165
m
x 2  7 x  3m  5  0 satisfy the relation 3
3  2  4 . 55  m  m  55

Solution: x 2  7 x  3m  5  0 (ii) Find m if the roots of the equation

x 2  7 x  3m  5  0 satisfy the relation
Let  ,  be the roots of given equation
3  2   4 .
1x 2  7 x  3m  5  0
Solution: x 2  7 x  3m  5  0
ax 2  bx  c  0
a  1, b  7 , c  3m  5 Let  ,  bethe roots of given equation
b 1x 2  7 x  3m  5  0
Sum of roots  S     
a

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 4
 ax 2  bx  c  0 (iii) Find m if the roots of the equation
a  1, b  7 , c  3m  5 3x 2  2 x  7m  2  0 satisfy the relation
7  3  18 .
b
Sum of roots  S     
a Solution: 3x 2  2 x  7m  2  0
7
  7 ...(i ) Let  ,  be the roots of given equation
1
c 3m  5 3x 2  2 x  7 m  2  0
Product of roots= = 
a 1 ax 2  bx  c  0
 3m  5 ...(ii ) a  3, b  2, c  7 m  2
Since 3 +2 =4 ...(iii ) b
Sum of roots  S     
From equation (i) a
    7   2  2
  ...(i )
  7   3 3
Put   7   in equation(iii) Product of roots= =
c
3  2 =4 a
7m  2
3  2  7    =4  ...(ii )
3
3 +14+2 =4 Since 7  3 =18 ...(iii )
5 +14  4 From equation (i)
5  4  14 2
5  10   
3
10 2
   
5 3
  2 2
Put     in equation(iii)
Put   2 in equation (i) 3
    7 7  3 =18
2     7 2 
7  3     =18
  7  2     5 3 
Put   2 and   5in equation (ii) 6
7  +3 =18
  3m  5 3
7  2  3  18
 2  5  3m  5
10  18  2
10  3m  5
10  20
10  5  3m
20
15  3m 
10
15
m m5  2
3
Put   2 in equation (i)

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 5
 2      ...(i)    ...(ii )
  
3
From (i ) and (ii )
2
2      
3
4 4 5  7 m 3m  10
2
  2   
3 3 3 2m  3 2m  3
4  2m  3 5  7m    2m  3 3m  10 
Put   2 and   in equation (ii)
3 5  7 m  3m  10
7m  2 5  10  3m  7 m
 
3 15  10m
 4  7 m  2
2   15
m m
3
 3  3 10 2
8
 3  7m  2
3 (ii) 4 x2   3  5m x   9m 17   0
7 m  2  8
Solution: 4 x2   3  5m x   9m 17   0
7 m  8  2
10 Let  ,  are the roots of the equation, then
7 m  10  m 
7 4 x 2   3  5m  x   9m  17   0
Q.6 Find m if sum and product of the roots of ax 2  bx  c  0
the following equations is equal to given a  4, b    3  5m  , c    9m  17 
number  .
b
Sum of roots  S     
(i)  2m  3 x   7m  5 x   3m 10  0
2
a
  3  5m   3  5 m
Solution:   
 4  4
 2m  3 x2   7m  5 x  3m 10  0
c  9m  17 
Product of roots  P      
ax  bx  c  0
2
a  4 
a   2m  3 , b   7 m  5  , c   3m  10  Let      ...(i )   ...(ii )
Let  ,  are the roots of the equation, then From (i ) and (ii )
b     
Sum of roots  S     
a 3  5m   9m  17 

4 4

 7m  5  5  7m 3  5m  9m  17
2m  3 2m  3
9m  5  17  3
c 3m  10
Product of roots  P   14m  14
a 2m  3
14
As given that  m  m 1
14

For updates and news visits http//www.mathcity.org Written by Amir Shehzad 0343-4443214 6