Professional Documents
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Introduction
For more than 50 years, random packings have been used
successfully as an inexpensive but efficient means to increase a
INTALOX® ®
SNOWFLAKE tower's capacity and/or efficiency. The original Raschig Rings
Random Packing
Pages 3 and 6 have been superceded by new generations of improved prod-
ucts and today, Koch-Glitsch offers the widest spectrum of
random packings available worldwide.
β-ETA RING® This booklet provides information for quick sizing of packed
Random Packing
Pages 3 and 9 columns using plastic random packings. The charts provide
hydraulic ratings and relative packing efficiencies (in terms of
the KGa value for the absorption of CO2 into a standard
caustic solution). In addition, Koch-Glitsch offers the hydraulic
rating program, KG-TOWER™ Software, that may be down-
FLEXIRING® loaded from our website: www.koch-glitsch.com
Random Packing
Pages 4 and 11
Koch-Glitsch also offers a number of FLEXIPAC® and FLEXI-
PAC® HC® Structured Packing types in various thermoplastic
materials. For more details, contact Koch-Glitsch.
Emergency Delivery
1
Koch-Glitsch Plastic Random Packings
Koch-Glitsch is unsurpassed in offering the widest range
of sizes and styles of traditional and high performance
plastic random packings. Koch-Glitsch recognizes that
while packing provides many valuable benefits, not all
applications are equally demanding. The various pack-
ings presented in this brochure are of ring and saddle
type construction and offer a variety of performance
levels from traditional to high performance. Some con-
siderations in choosing a particular style of packing are:
2
Packing Characteristics
Void Fraction % 97
Void Fraction % 97 97 97 98
Void Fraction % 94 94 96
3
FLEXIRING® Random Packing
FLEXIRING® Packing Size High Performance
Nominal Size 5
/8 1 1 /2
1
2 3 /2
1
2 4
mm 16 25 38 50 90 50 100
inch 5
/8 1 11/2 2 31/2 2 4
Void Fraction % 87 92 91 93 95 93 96
Void Fraction % 90 93 94
Void Fraction % 85 95
4
Materials of Construction
Plastic packings are often preferred because of their light-
weight construction and resistance to breakage. Further,
the availability of numerous types of plastic resins pro-
vides the designer with a broad range of chemical and
thermal resistant materials. Koch-Glitsch plastic packings
are made in a wide variety of thermoplastic materials.
Most of the Koch-Glitsch packings are available in the
materials listed in the table below. Other plastics are avail-
able by special request.
In addition to a wide range of plastics, Koch-Glitsch offers a LTHA Polypropylene (10% Glass reinforced) 260 127
complete range of metal random packings. For information on
metal random packings, please request brochures KGMRP-1 High Density Polyethylene 212 100
and KGIMTP-1.
Low Density Polyethylene 190 88
PVC 150 66
CPVC 185 85
5
INTALOX® SNOWFLAKE® High Performance Random Packing
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)
KGa, kg-mol/(h•m3•atm)
KGa, lb-mol/(h•ft3•atm)
#1
LA KE
WF
S NO
KGa SNOWFLAKE
CONDITIONS:
Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOH
Conversion to Carbonate: 25%
Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO2
6
CASCADE MINI-RINGS® Random Packing
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)
KGa, kg-mol/(h•m3•atm)
KGa, lb-mol/(h•ft3•atm)
A
#2
R
CM
A
#3
R
CM
KGa CMR
CONDITIONS:
Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOH
Conversion to Carbonate: 25%
Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO2
CASCADE MINI-RINGS® (CMR™) Random Packing The low aspect ratio of the CMR rings, along with this
was developed and introduced to the market in 1971. preferential orientation, brings about substantial improve-
It became the first commercially successful high perform- ments in process performance:
ance random packing. Since its introduction, plastic CMR
random packing has been utilized in thousands of success- 1. Lower pressure drop: Because the CMR ring’s largest
ful installations around the world in a wide variety of opening is predominantly in the direction of the vapor
absorption, stripping and heat-exchange columns. flow, vapor passes easily through the column, resulting
in lower pressure drop.
CASCADE MINI-RINGS packing achieves better capacity
and efficiency than standard Pall Rings. This improvement 2. Higher capacity: The lower flow rate resistance of the
in performance is a result of the low "aspect ratio" of 1:3 lower aspect ratio rings results in a higher capacity.
(height of the cylinder is 1/3 of the diameter).
3. Better fouling resistance: Any solids entering the
In a bed of Pall Rings, many of the rings are oriented with packed bed are more easily flushed through the
nearly-horizontal cylindrical axes. These rings impede packing matrix by the liquid.
vapor flow more than their nearly vertical neighbors.
However, when a bed of CMR packing is installed, the 4. Higher mechanical strength: The preferred orientation
lower aspect ratio causes most of the rings to lie with with the cylindrical axis in the vertical position
their axes nearly vertical. This preferred orientation bet- increases the mechanical strength of the packed bed.
ter exposes both the interior and exterior surface of the
rings to the liquid and vapor flows, providing more effi-
cient use of the packing surface. CMR packing attains
greater capacity for a given size/efficiency.
7
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2 Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
∆p, mbar/m
wc/ft)
∆p, in wc/ft
∆p, mbar/m
wc/ft
in (in
∆p,∆p/Z
CMR #1A CMR #2A
Liquid Loading Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom Top Curve to Bottom
2 3
gpm/ft m /m h 2
gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
60 147 70 171
50 122 60 147
40 98 50 122
30 73 40 98
20 49 30 73
10 24 20 49
5 12 10 24
0 0 5 12
0 0
System Air-Water, Ambient System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 3ft Diameter Tower: 3ft Diameter
∆p, mbar/m
in(inwc/ft
wc/ft)
wc/ft)
∆p/Z
∆p/Z
∆p,
∆p,
8
β-ETA RING® Random Packing
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)
KGa β-ETA
CONDITIONS:
Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOH
Conversion to Carbonate: 25%
Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO 2
Temperature: 77 ºF [25 ºC]
Gas rate: 500lb/(ft 2 hr) [0.68 kg/(m 2 s)]
Tower Diameter: 29.5in [0.75m]
Bed Height: 7.5ft [2.29m]
KGa, kg-mol/(h•m3•atm)
KGa, lb-mol/(h•ft3•atm)
# 1
TA
β-E
# 2
TA
β-E
#3
TA
β-E
capacity is important.
β-ETA
CMR 1#1
β-ETA RING and CMR packings have become the standard Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom
packings for several proprietary processes and represent the gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
60 147
majority of operational experience in many processes. 50 122
40 98
30 73
20 49
10 24
4 10
0 0
System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 29.5in. Diameter
9
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2 Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, in wc/ft
∆p, in wc/ft
β-ETA
CMR 1#2 CMR 1
Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom β-ETA #3
gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
100 240 Liquid Loading
80 196 Top Curve to Bottom
60 147 gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
44 106 58
22 139
53 43 103
10 24 21
5 50
12 10 24
0 0 0 0
System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 29.5in. Diameter System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 29.5in. Diameter
10
FLEXIRING® Random Packing
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)
KGa FLEXIRING
CONDITIONS:
Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOH
Conversion to Carbonate: 25%
Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO2
Temperature: 75 ºF [24 ºC]
Gas rate: 970lb/(ft 2 hr) [1.31 kg/(m2 s)]
Tower Diameter: 30in [0.76m]
KGa, kg-mol/(h•m3•atm)
Bed Height: 10ft [3.05m]
KGa, lb-mol/(h•ft3•atm)
5/
# 8
RI NG
E XI
FL
#1
ING 1.5
LEXIR NG #
F I
XIR #2
FLE ING
X IR
FLE
5
#3.
IRING
X
FLE
Plastic FLEXIRING® Random Packing and plastic Super
INTALOX® Saddles have been used for many years and
have become the standard for many designers and process-
es. Although these packings do not have the "high perform- Liquid Load, gpm/ft2
ance" characteristics of INTALOX SNOWFLAKE or β-ETA
RING packings, they have been used extensively and there-
fore their performance is widely known. Further, they are
less sensitive to liquid distribution quality and have higher Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
liquid hold-up and residence time for those services that
benefit from such characteristics.
∆p, mbar/m
∆p,(ininwc/ft)
FLEXIRING # 5/8
Koch-Glitsch offers two enhanced performance versions of Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom
FLEXIRING random packing: The 2-inch [50 mm] and 4-inch
gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
[100 mm] High-Performance FLEXIRING random packing. 40 98
30 73
Extra vanes inside each of these rings produce more effi- 20
10
49
24
ciency than their standard counterparts, without sacrificing 5
0
12
0
any capacity. These two packings can be useful when a
designer wants maximum efficiency from a 2-inch [50 mm] System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 30in. Diameter
FLEXIRING packing or extra capacity then a 3.5-inch [90
mm] FLEXIRING packing.
Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2
11
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2 Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, mbar/m
(in wc/ft
∆p/Zin(inwc/ft
wc/ft)
∆p/Zin
∆p, wc/ft)
∆p,
FLEXIRING #1 FLEXIRING #1.5
Liquid Loading Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom Top Curve to Bottom
2 3 2
gpm/ft m /m h gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
50 122 70 171
40 98 60 147
30 73 50 122
20 49 40 98
10 24 30 73
5 12 20 49
0 0 10 24
5 12
System Air-Water, Ambient 0 0
Tower: 30in. Diameter System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 30in. Diameter
∆p, mbar/m
(in wc/ft
wc/ft)
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, in wc/ft
∆p/Z in
∆p,
12
Super INTALOX® Saddles
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h) Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
KGa SADDLES
CONDITIONS:
Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOH
Conversion to Carbonate: 25%
Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO2
KGa, kg-mol/(h•m3•atm)
#1
DLE
D
SA
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, in wc/ft
2
E#
DDL SADDLES
CMR 1 #1
SA
Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom
gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
80 196
70 171
E #3 60 147
D DL 50 122
SA 40 98
30 73
20 49
10 24
0 0
System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 30in. Diameter
∆p, in wc/ft
∆p, mbar/m
∆p, mbar/m
CMR 1 #2
SADDLES SADDLES
CMR 1 #3
Liquid Loading Liquid Loading
Top Curve to Bottom Top Curve to Bottom
2 3 2
gpm/ft m /m h gpm/ft 2 m3/m 2 h
100 240 120 288
80 196 100 240
60 147 80 196
50 122 60 147
40 98 40 98
30 73 30 73
20 49 20 49
10 24 10 24
0 0 0 0
System Air-Water, Ambient System Air-Water, Ambient
Tower: 30in. Diameter Tower: 30in. Diameter
13
Column Internals
Koch-Glitsch plastic column internals are available in both
thermoplastic and thermoset (e.g. Fiberglass-Reinforced
Plastic -- FRP) materials. Occasionally, thermoplastic inter-
nals have different temperature limits than packing of the
same material. Koch-Glitsch has anunsurpassed knowl-
edge in recognizing these instances and can provide
designs specific to any application.
Koch-Glitsch process engineers will help select the appro- Model TP 286 Thermoplastic Trough Distributor with Drip Tubes
priate style of packing and then match that packing to the
optimum tower internals to create the INTALOX®
Packed Tower System that best satisfies your specific
requirements. Koch-Glitsch goes a step further by offering
the single supplier/installer benefits of turnkey solutions.
At your request, the Koch-Glitsch Field Service team is
always available to provide faster, safer revamps with mini-
mum down time.
14
Koch-Glitsch Corporate Offices
Worldwide Headquarters
Koch-Glitsch, LP
4111 East 37th Street North Wichita, KS 67220 – United States tel: (316) 828-5110 fax: (316) 828-7985
Europe
Koch-Glitsch Italia S.r.l.
Viale Giulio Cesare 29 24124 Bergamo – Italy tel: +39 035 2273.411 fax: +39 035 2273.400
Asia
Koch-Glitsch Korea, Ltd.
17-8, 8F, Dongsung Bldg. Seoul 150-874 – Korea tel: +82-2-3276-7500 fax: +82-2-3276-7590
Yoido-dong, Youngdeungpo-ku
For a complete list of our offices and facilities, visit us on the Web at www.koch-glitsch.com.
Emergency Numbers
US: 1-888-KOCH-911.
Europe: , +39-06-928-911, +44-1782-744561or your local Koch-Glitsch office.
Trademarks Patents
BETA RING, CASCADE MINI-RINGS, FLEXIPAC, FLEXIRING, INTALOX, INTALOX BETA RING®, FLEXIRING®, and INTALOX® SNOWFLAKE® technologies are protected
PACKED TOWER SYSTEMS with process tower “L”, KOCH-GLITSCH, “K” KOCH- by various patents worldwide.
GLITSCH, and SNOWFLAKE are registered trademarks of Koch-Glitsch, LP
and are registered in the US and various other countries worldwide.
KG-TOWER is a registered trademark of Koch-Glitsch, LP and is registered in
the US. ETAPAK is a registered trademark of Koch-Glitsch, LP and is
registered in the UK. BETA RING, CMR, and INTALOX PACKED TOWER Legal Notice
SYSTEMS are trademarks of Koch-Glitsch, LP. All other trademarks, service The information contained in this bulletin is believed to be accurate and reliable,
marks, or registered trademarks that appear in this document are the but is not to be construed as implying any warranty or guarantee of performance.
trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.