Stoichiometry is the calculation of relative quantities of reactants and products in

chemical reactions. Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of

mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products
leading to the insight that the relations among quantities of reactants and products
typically form a ratio of positive integers. This means that if the amounts of the
separate reactants are known, then the amount of the product can be calculated.
Conversely, if one reactant has a known quantity and the quantity of product can be
empirically determined, then the amount of the other reactants can also be
calculated.

We begin this chapter by describing the relationship between the mass of a sample
of a substance and its composition. We then develop methods for determining the
quantities of compounds produced or consumed in chemical reactions, and we
describe some fundamental types of chemical reactions. By applying the concepts
and skills introduced in this chapter, you will be able to explain what happens to the
sugar in a candy bar you eat, what reaction occurs in a battery when you start your
car, what may be causing the “ozone hole” over Antarctica, and how we might
prevent the hole’s growth.

There are four steps in solving a stoichiometry problem:

1. Write the balanced chemical equation.
2. Convert the units of the given substance (A) to moles.
3. Use the mole ratio to calculate the moles of wanted substance (B).
4. Convert moles of the wanted substance to the desired units.

(https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_Chemistry_-
_The_Central_Science_(Brown_et_al.)/03._Stoichiometry%3A_Calculations_with_Chemical_Formulas_a
nd_Equations) Retrieved 11/20/19
 Normality is a unit of concentration of a chemical solution expressed as
gram equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution. A defined
equivalence factor must be used to express concentration.
 Common units of normality include N, eq/L, or meq/L.
 Normality is the only unit of chemical concentration that depends on the
chemical reaction being studied.
 Normality is not the most common unit of concentration, nor is its use
appropriate for all chemical solutions. Typical situations when you might
use normality include acid-base chemistry, redox reactions, or
precipitation reactions. For most other situations, molarity or molality are
better options for units.

(https://www.thoughtco.com/how-
to-calculate-normality-609580)