Math Dictionary of Geometry Words

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Math Dictionary of Geometry words: A-B
Acute Angle: Any angle measuring less than 90 Degrees
Acute
A triangle with ALL three angles being acute angles
Triangle:
Adjacent: Next to. You can have two building adjacent to each other.
Adjacent
Angles that are IMMEDIATELY next to each other.
Angles:
Adjacent
Sides that are IMMEDIATELT next to each other.
Sides:
When you arrange items in a straight line. You can allign edges
Align:
or even center points of shapes.
Alternate Angles opposite each other created by drawing one line accross
Angles: two others.
Altitude of The Perpendicular distance from the vertex of the shape to It's
Shape: base line.
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The amount of rotation, in an anti clockwise direction, between

Angle:
two lines intersecting. These are measured by degrees.
Angle
A line that divides an angle into two equal parts.
Bisector:
Angle of The number of degrees an object is rotated around a fixed

Rotation: point. Always measured in a clockwise direction.
Anti- The opposite direction to the way the hands on an analogue

Clockwise: clock go.
The highest point on a two dimensional or three dimensional

Apex:
shape.
Arc: A section of a curve or part of a circle.
The amount of surface a shape occupies - measured in square

Area:
units.
Asymmetry: Does not have sides exactly the same.

This is a characteristic. Attributes can be color, size, shape. We

Attribute:
usually sort according to attributes.
Axis: These can be real or imaginary reference lines.
Axis of
This is the line that diviedes symmetrical objects in half.
Symmetry:
This can be the bottom line of a two dimensional shape or the

Base:
bottom face of a three dimensional face.
This is a prefix meaning 2 or twice of something. An example

Bi-:
is a bicycle - two wheels.
Bisect: To divide into two equal parts
A line, point or plane that divides something into two equal

Bisector:
parts
Boundary: A line around the outside edge - also known as perimeter.
Distance from one side of a shape to another - sometimes

Breadth:
referred to as width.

Math Dictionary of Geometry words: C-D
Perform mathematical operations

Calculate:
Calculator: A device used to perform mathematical operations
Capacity: The amount a container can hold
Carroll diagram: A sorting diagram named after Lewis Carroll
Also called the coordinate plane. Contains two perpendicular

Cartesian plane: axes - X-Axis and Y-Axis. Points are plotted taking a
position from both the x and y axis. eg (3,10)
Chord: A line segment connecting two point on a circles perimiter.
A plane shape drawn by a line whose points are equidistant

Circle:
from the centre point of the circle.
Circumference: The distance around the circle. Calculated by: C = 2.Pi.r
Clockwise: The direction the hands on an anologue clock move.

Closed Curve: Any curve where it joins itself at its starting point.
The inner angles on the SAME side of a line drawn through

Cointerior angles:
parallel lines
Colinear: When objects are situated on the same line.
Colinear points: Three or more points that lie on the same line.
Compass
An instrument used to create circles.
(construction):
Complimentary
Two angles whose sum EQUALS 90 degrees
angle:
Concave: Curved inwards. The opposite of convex.
Concave
A quadrilateral with at least one reflex angle.
quadrilateral:
Concave
Any polygon with at least one reflex angle.
Polygon:

Concentric
Circles different in size, but share a center point.
Circle:
A solid shape composed of an circular or eliptical base, and

Cone:
a curved surface which tapers to a vertex.
Congruent
A congruent figure has all equal sides and all equal angles.
figures:
Converging lines: Lines that all head in the direction of the same point.
Convex: Curved outwards - the opposite of concave.
Convex A quadrilateral where no angles are greater than 180 degrees

Quadrilaterals: (reflex)
Pairs of letters or numbers indicating a points position on the

Coordinates: cartesian/coordinate plane. They are always indicated with
the x-axis value first, then the y-axis. eg (4,7)
Coordinate plane: Same as Cartesian Plane

Coplanar: Geometric objects that exist on the same plane.
Corner: The points where surfaces/vertices meet.
Corresponding Angles that have the same position created by one line
angles: intersecting two or more parallel lines.
Counter
Same as anti clockwise.
Clockwise:
Cross Section: The face that results when a solid shape is cut.
A solid shape whose form is created by 6 congruent squares.

Cube:
Also one of the 5 Platonic Solids.
Cubic: The term used when describing a unit of volume.
A right prism created by six rectangular faces. If all faces are

Cuboid:
square it is called a cube.
Curve: A line that is NOT straight.

Cyclic A quadrilateral where a circle can be circumscribed to

Quadrilaterals: contain all four vertices.
A solid shape composed of two congruent circles and one

Cylinder:
curved surface.
Deca: Prefix meaning 10
Decagon: A 10-sided polygon.
Decahedron: A Polyhedron with 10 faces.
Decrease: To make smaller in size.

Deduct: To subtract or take away.
Degree (angle): The unit which angles are measured by.
Diagonal: A line joining two NON-adjacent vertices.
A line connecting two points of a circle, which also includes

Diameter:
the centre point of the circle.
A plane shape with 4 equal sides and NO right angles. Also

Diamond:
known as a Rhombus.

Distance: The length between two points or objects.
Divisible: Can be divided without a remainder.

Dodeca: Prefix for 12.
Dodecagon: A polygon with 12 straight edges.
Dodechedron: A Polyhedron with 12 faces.
Math Dictionary of Geometry Words: E-F
Edge: Where two surfaces intersect or join
Elipse: A oval shaped plane shape, resembling a flattened circle.
Endpoint: The point denoting the end of a line segment.
This is a mathematical statement containing an equal’s sign

Equation:
showing that two expressions have the same value.

Equiangular: A shape that has all angles equal.
Equilateral
A triangle whose sides are all the same length.
Triangle:
For any convex Polyhedrons surface Eurlers Formula states: V

Euler's formula:
- E + F =2 where V, E, F are Vertices, edges and Faces.
The angle formed on the outside of a polygon, when one side

Exterior angles:
is extended.
Face: The flat surface of a three-dimensional shape.
Something that can be counted. It has a definite beginning and

Finite:
end. The opposite is infinite.
Flat: Having no depth.
To 'turn over'. It is the term to describe a geometric

Flip:
transformation.
A rule, usually containing symbols (as it is true for all cases)

Formula:
and describes the relationship between quantities

Math Dictionary of Geometry Definitions: G-H
One of the two earliest areas of math to be studied. (The other

Geometry: was numbers). It studies the shapes, solids, points, lines, rays and
curves and their relationships in space.
Graph: A drawing or diagram used to represent data.
Paper pre-printed with a specific scaled grid for ease of graph

Graph Paper:
drawing.
One of two equal parts. When an object is cut in two equal parts,
Half:
each porting is one half.
The perpendicular distance from the top of an object to the

Height:
bottom/base.
Hemisphere: A solid shape that is one half a sphere.
Hepta: Prefix meaning 7
Heptagon: A Polygon with seven sides.
Heptahedron: A Polyhedron with seven faces.
Hexa: Prefix meaning 6

Hexagon: A polygon with six sides.
Hexahedron: A polyhedron with six faces.
The opposite of vertical. In geometry - A line parallel to the x-

Horizontal: axis. In life - a line parallel to the horizon. In this image, the base
of the tent is Horizontal.
Hypotenuse: The longest side of a right-angled triangle.
Math Dictionary of Geometry Words: I-J
Icosa: Prefix meaning 20
Icosagon: Polygon with 20 sides.
Icosahedrons: Polyhedron with 20 faces. One of the 5 platonic solids.
Increase: To make larger in size.
Infinite: No definite end. The opposite of finite.
Infinity: Unable to be counted - it has no end.

An angle within a polygon. Angles within two lines, when

Interior Angles:
they are crossed by a third (transversal) line.
Where lines cross one another. The point the lines have in
Intersect:
common is called the point of intersection.
A shape which does not have all sides equal and all angles
Irregular:
equal.
Isometric: To have equal dimensions or measurements.
Isometric Paper created with dots (dot paper) or grids (grid paper) to
paper: assist with isometric drawings.
Isosceles A triangle that has two sides equal in length. Its base angles
triangle: are equal.
I have not come across any geometry words beginning with

J:
the letter J
Math Dictionary of Geometry Words: K-L
A plane shape with two sets of equal lines, and one set of equal
Kite:
angles.

Length: Distance from one end to another.
>
An infinite set of points going in opposite directions with an

Line:
angle of 180 degrees.
Line of An object or shape has a line of symmetry if it can be divided

symmetry: into two equal and identical parts by that line.
Line Segment: A section of a line with a beginning and end point.
Geometry Words starting with M-N
Maximum: Greatest value or amount. Highest point.
Use of standard units to measures size or quantity. Measurement

Measure: can be made of length, area, weight (mass), volume, temperature
and time.
Measurement: The exact measure of an object or quantity.
Mono: Prefix for 1.

Nona: Prefix for 9.

Nonagon: Polygon with 9 sides.
Numeral: Symbol used to represent a number.
Geometric Terms starting with O-P
Oblique: Lines at an angle to the x-axis.
Oblique Prism: A prism with bases not aligned directly above one another.
Obtuse angle: Any angle greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
Obtuse Triangle: A triangle with one obtuse angle.
Octa: Prefix for 8
Octagon: An eight-sided polygon.

Octahedron: A polyhedron with 8 faces.
Order of How many times an outline matches its original during one
rotation: full rotation.
Where information is given through a pair of numbers and the

order is critical. Ordered pairs are used in coordinate
Ordered Pair:
geometry to indicate a points position. (1,3) is not the same as
(3,1)
The point of intersection of the X-axis and Y-axis on the

Origin:
cartesian plane.
Parallel lines: Lines that will never intersect.
A quadrilateral with opposite sides equal in length and

Parallelogram:
parallel.
Pattern: A repetition of objects.
Penta: Prefix for 5
Pentagon: A 5-sided polygon.

Pentahedron: A Polyhedron with 5 faces.
Perimeter: The outline of a two-dimensional shape.
Two lines that meet at 90 degrees are said to be

Perpendicular:
perpendicular.
Perpendicular
A line that meets a line segment at 90 degrees AND bisects it.
Bisector:
Pi: The ratio of a circles circumpherence to its diameter.
Plane Shape: A flat shape with only two dimensions.
Five Regular Polyhedral made only with either equilateral

Platonic Solid:
triangles, squares or pentagons.
Poly: Prefix for MANY
Polygon: A plane shape with three or more straight sides.

Polyhedron: Three dimensional objects made with plane shapes.
Where something is when compared to an object or its

Position:
surroundings.
Right Prism: A three-dimensional shape made of two

identical plane shapes, and all other faces are rectangles;
Prism:
Oblique Prism: Made of two identical plane shapes, and all
other faces are parallelograms.
An instrument used in geometric construction to measure

Protractor:
degrees of angles.
A three-dimensional shape with a polygon as its base and all

Pyramid:
other faces congruent triangles that meet at the top (its vertex)
A Greek mathematician who lived circa 500BC. Famous for

Pythagoras:
his theorem on Right Angled Triangles.
Pythagorean In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is

Theorem: equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
A Glossary of Geometry Words starting with Q-R
Quadrangle: A polygon with four angles and four sides.

Quadrant (circle): A quarter of a circle or a circles circumpherence.
Quadrant (Cartesian Any quarter section of the plane made by the

Plane): intersection of the X and Y-Axes
Quadrilateral: A polygon with four sides.
Quarter: One of four equal parts.
Radius: Distance from center to circumpherence of a circle.
Ratio: A comparative value of two or more amounts.
Ray: A line with a start points but no end point.
A quadrilateral with four right angles and two pairs of

Rectangle:
parallel lines.
A polyhedron - a prism with two identical rectangles -

Rectangular prism:
also known as a cuboid.

Reflection: A mirror images.
Reflex angle: Any angle between 180 degrees and 360 degrees.
Revolution: One complete turn through 360 degrees.
A parallelogram with four equal sides and opposite

Rhombus:
angles of equal size.
Right Angle: An angle measuring 90 degrees.
Rotation: To turn an object.
If, when an object is rotated, it has the same outline as

Rotational Symmetry:
its original shape.
Geometry Basics - Words starting with S-T
Scale: To enlarge or reduce.
Scalene Triangle: A triangle where all three sides are different in length

Sector: A section of a circle defined by two radii and an arc.
Segment: A section of a circle defined by a chord and an arc
Semicircle: Half a circle.
Septa: Prefix for 7.
Septagon: A seven-sided septagon.
Shape: A form or outline of an object.
The line or curve on the outside of a shape that joins the

Side:
shapes vertices.
Size: How big or small something is.
Solid: A three-dimensional shape.
Solution: Answer to a problem.

Sphere: A three dimensional solid that is perfectly round - a ball.
Square: A quadrilateral with four equal sides, and four right angles.
Straight Angle: Any angle that equals 180 degrees.
Straight Line: The shortest distance between two points.
Supplementary
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.
angle:
A set of points that define a space. A surface can be flat or

Surface:
curved.
Surface area: The total area of the surface of three-dimensional object.
An object has symmetry when one half is a mirror image of

Symmetry:
the other.

Tangent: A straight line that touches a circle at only one point.
Tangram: A square cut into seven pieces.
Tessellation: Patterns created from shapes that fit together with no gaps.
A polyhedron with four triangular faces. It is one of the 5

Tetrahedron:
platonic solids.
Three-
Has three dimensions - length, breadth and height.
Dimensional:
A change in position or size. Can be created by, flipping,

Transformation:
rotating, translating or enlarging.
Translation: Move an object in any direction without rotating it.
Trapezium: Quadrilateral with no parallel sides
Tri: Prefix for 3.

Triangle: Three-sided polygon.
A prism whose base are two identical triangles and all

Triangular prism:
other faces are rectangles.
Turn: Rotate around a fixed point.
Turning symmetry: Rotating an object about a point.
Two-Dimensional: Having only two dimensions - length and breadth.
Find your Geometry Definition - For any word starting with U-V
Unequal: Not equal.
Uniform cross When the cross section of a solid results in the same size at its
section: base.
Vertex: The point where sides or surfaces meet to make a corner.
At right angles to the horizon, or the x-axis on the Cartesian

Vertical:
plane. In the image, the telephone poles are vertical.

Vertically
Directly opposite.
Opposite:
The capacity (measured in cubic units) of a three-dimensional

Volume:
object.
Find any Geometry Word starting with W-X-Y-Z
Also known as Breadth. The distance from one side to another of

Width:
a shape or object.
X-Axis: The horizontal axis of the Cartesian Plane
X- The position of a point in relation to the X-Axis. It is the first

coordinate: element of the ordered pair of the point.
Y-Axis: The vertical axis of the Cartesian Plane
Y- The position of a point in relation to the Y-Axis. It is the second

coordinate: element of the ordered pair of the point.

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Sanowar’s Basic Bank Math Sanowar’s Basic Bank Math

Math Dictionary of Geometry words: A-B

Acute Angle: Any angle measuring less than 90 Degrees

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The amount of rotation, in an anti clockwise direction, between

Angle of The number of degrees an object is rotated around a fixed

Anti- The opposite direction to the way the hands on an analogue

The highest point on a two dimensional or three dimensional

Arc: A section of a curve or part of a circle.

The amount of surface a shape occupies - measured in square

Asymmetry: Does not have sides exactly the same.

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This is a characteristic. Attributes can be color, size, shape. We

Axis: These can be real or imaginary reference lines.

This can be the bottom line of a two dimensional shape or the

This is a prefix meaning 2 or twice of something. An example

A line, point or plane that divides something into two equal

Boundary: A line around the outside edge - also known as perimeter.

Distance from one side of a shape to another - sometimes

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Math Dictionary of Geometry words: C-D

Perform mathematical operations

Calculator: A device used to perform mathematical operations

Capacity: The amount a container can hold

Carroll diagram: A sorting diagram named after Lewis Carroll

Also called the coordinate plane. Contains two perpendicular

Chord: A line segment connecting two point on a circles perimiter.

A plane shape drawn by a line whose points are equidistant

Circumference: The distance around the circle. Calculated by: C = 2.Pi.r

Clockwise: The direction the hands on an anologue clock move.

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The inner angles on the SAME side of a line drawn through

Colinear: When objects are situated on the same line.

Concave: Curved inwards. The opposite of convex.

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A solid shape composed of an circular or eliptical base, and

Convex: Curved outwards - the opposite of concave.

Convex A quadrilateral where no angles are greater than 180 degrees

Pairs of letters or numbers indicating a points position on the

Coordinate plane: Same as Cartesian Plane

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Coplanar: Geometric objects that exist on the same plane.

Corner: The points where surfaces/vertices meet.

A solid shape whose form is created by 6 congruent squares.

Cubic: The term used when describing a unit of volume.

A right prism created by six rectangular faces. If all faces are

Curve: A line that is NOT straight.

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Cyclic A quadrilateral where a circle can be circumscribed to

A solid shape composed of two congruent circles and one

Deca: Prefix meaning 10

Decagon: A 10-sided polygon.

Decahedron: A Polyhedron with 10 faces.

Decrease: To make smaller in size.

Diagonal: A line joining two NON-adjacent vertices.

A line connecting two points of a circle, which also includes

A plane shape with 4 equal sides and NO right angles. Also

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Distance: The length between two points or objects.

Divisible: Can be divided without a remainder.

Dodecagon: A polygon with 12 straight edges.

Dodechedron: A Polyhedron with 12 faces.

Math Dictionary of Geometry Words: E-F

Edge: Where two surfaces intersect or join