Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Bus Body PDF
Bus Body PDF
Types: mini bus, single and double decker, two level, split level and
articulated bus.
Bus body layout – floor height, engine location, entrance and exit
location, seating dimensions.
CLASSIFICATION OF BUSES:
1) Based on distance travelled.
2) Based on capacity of passengers.
3) Based on style.
ENGINE LOCATION:
According to location of engine, there are five types as given in figure.
a) Engine behind front axle.
b) Engine above front axle.
c) Engine in front of front axle.
d) Engine at rear.
e) Under – floor engine.
Waist rail
Side rail
Crib rail
Skirt rail
Roof
longitudinal
Roof panels Rear dome panel
Roof stick
Side piller
Wheel arch
Bay 4
Bay 3
Piller cappings Bay 2
Bay 1
Valance panel
Skirt panel
Main side panel O/S
Roof panel
Access flap
1
According to Chassis design the body can divided into
1. Conventional Type construction
2. Integral Type construction
3. Semi- Integral Type construction
Advantage:
1. This is used in heavy vehicle.
2. This is of simple construction.
3. The change of designing and the alteration of frame
length is easy.
4. Servicing is easy in case of any damage.
5. There is no need for more expenditure for preventing
corrosion.
Disadvantage:
1. The weight of the frame is more, due to this the vehicle speed is
decreased. More fuel is also required.
2. Since the floor height is more, the centre of gravity from the ground
will also be more. Due to this, the stability will be decreased.
6) General inspection:
General inspection of finished framing to ensure
All structural bolts are tight.
Truss panels securely riveted.
7) Floor riveting:
Floor and interior lining panels fixed.
Riveted into position.
11) Seats:
Tubular seat frames are positioned and bolted through the floor and
seat rail.
Extra floor covering and treads fixed, stanchions and grab handles are
fitted.
12) Final finishing and inspection:
Final finishing and inspection is made after all the body works.
All the inspection like area of rivets, bolt, tightness of nuts, electrical
works, seating arrangement is done.
Then the vehicle is made to run in rough roads and the drawbacks
are rectified.
After these tests, leak test has to be conducted.
Finally painting is done to give good appearance.
DOUBLE SKIN CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS:
Normally inner skin will take part in load carrying
Outer skin will be fixed in such a way that it can be
replaced easily.
(a)Interior paneling:
this is the paneling done in side the vehicle.
The paneling inside the body gives comfort to the passengers.
The factors to be considered during paneling are safety, easy
maintenance, easy cleaning.
Decorated laminated sheet are used for this. When laminated sheet
and aluminium and stainless steel are combined give the good look.
GRPF (glass reinforced plastic fiber) can also be used for this
purpose.
Floor side panel and roof has to be thermal insulated or sprayed.
(b) Exterior paneling:
The paneling done on the exterior is called as exterior paneling.
This is also called as skin of the vehicle.
This does not take any load.
This is done by galvanized steel sheet coated with zinc coating.
The galvanized steel sheet is welded or riveted to form panel.
The body paneling is done by two ways.
Small panels are attached together according to the requirement.
To make a single big panel for the whole length.
Steel sheets are used in the uneven surface. This increase the beauty.
To avoid corrosion, leak and vibration, the panel should be made with
plastic trim fillet.
The normally used material for exterior paneling is aluminium.
TYPES OF METAL SECTION USED:
a. Channel Section
• - Good resistance to bending
•
• b. Tabular Section
• - Good resistance to Torsion
•
• c. Box Section
• - Good resistance to both
• bending and Torsion
REGULATIONS: