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ABSTRACT
In the present day world, energy conservation by a small means plays a significant role in
making huge profits for any industry. The present paper explains the need of improving energy
efficiency and particularly in motors. In industries, motor driven systems represent about 60% of
all the electrical energy used. Energy efficient motors are the best solution to solve energy
crisis. NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) set standards for energy efficient
motors and named them as premium efficiency motors.
1.0 INTRODUCTION: Over half of all electrical energy consumed is used by electric
motors as shown in figure1.
. Improving the efficiency of electric motors and the equipment they drive can save energy and
Energy Efficient Motors are the best solution to solve energy crisis NEMA (National Electrical
Manufacturers Association) set standards for energy efficient motors and named them as
premium efficiency motors. As efficiency depends on losses, reducing them itself improves
efficiency. Improved design specifications help to improve the efficiency. Comparison between
the energy efficient motors and standard motors indicate the annual energy saved and thereby
cost savings.
reduce operating costs. . Energy efficiency should be a major consideration when we purchase a
motor, as well as the more common considerations.
"What’s the price and how soon can we get it?” There are three factors to be considered:
1Energy-efficient motors only provide savings when they're running.
2. Maximum savings and the fastest returns on investment.
Any motor selection has to be properly
engineered for its intended application .
1.1Definition
An "energy efficient" motor is a motor that gives you the same output strength by consuming
lesser amounts of power. For energy-efficient motor’s performance must be equal or exceed the
nominal full-load efficiency values.
The efficiency of a motor is the ratio of the mechanical power output to the
electrical power input. This may be expressed as:
Table1.1howing the comparision of standard motors and energy efficient motors of two different
types viz. ODP, TEFC.
Note that the nominal full-load motor efficiencies vary from 86.5 to 93.2 percent. Prices also
vary. In many cases, motors with identical list prices exhibit very different efficiency ratings.
2.0 FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICIENCY AND LOSS DISTRIBUTION
Types of Losses :Various Types of losses that incur in a standard motor and a high efficient
motor are indicated in the figure2.1. Figure2.1
Figure3.1.1
Figure3.1.1 shows the drooping nature of efficiency of a standard at partial loads.
Figure3.1.2;Figure3.1.2 depicts the initial cost and the life
time costs of a motor. Hence one should be careful in choosing motor which will bring down the
life time cost.
3.2 Energy Efficient Motors:(EEMs)
Figure3..2.2. shows the annual energy savings of the motor with its increase in size.
3.3 Case Study: Higher Efficiency Motors Mean Big Savings and Better Reliability
Table3.3 shows the typical examples of high efficient motors and standard motors of different
ratings, with their efficiency at full load ,efficiency at 75% load ,additional cost incurred for a
premium motor and annual energy savings.
Example One Example Two
50 hp, 1800 rpm, 25 hp, 1800 rpm,
460 V 460 V
EPAct NEMA EPAct NEMA
Standard Premium Standard Premium
Full Load
93.1 94.5 92.4 93.6
Efficiency
Efficiency
(at 75% 93.6 95.1 93.1 94.1
load)
Meets
Yes yes Yes yes
EPAct?
Incremental
NA $176 NA $96
Cost
Energy
Savings at
2,829 958
75% Load NA NA
kWh/y kWh/y
(6000
hrs/year)
4. Conclusion
Higher efficiency motors (HEMs or EEMs) are preferred than that of standard efficiency motors,
because increased efficiency saves significant amount of energy consumed and therefore saves
energy bill, costs incurred over maintenance of the standard motor . However EEMs may not
always lead to lower power consumption.Sometimes there would be an increase in energy
consumption rather than a decrease due to the smaller slip in selecting a suitable motor. So
proper selection of high efficiency motors must be made according to the type of application and
energy required. One should be careful in choosing proper rating, always avoiding over-sized
motors.