STAT100 Fall 19 Class Activity 21 – Student Worksheet

Unit 5: Inference

Names (Include full names of all group members):

Is your group willing to share your document with the class (Yes or No)?:

Activity 21: Summary of Hypothesis Testing

In this activity, you will answer questions on all types of hypothesis tests.

Learning Objectives:
● Recognize the different steps of hypothesis testing and its logic. In particular, determine
the hypotheses, interpret the p-value and draw conclusions

Symbols that can be inserted in your responses: H0 Ha μ µd μ1 μ2

Hypothesis tests we have covered in STAT100:
 z-test for population proportion (one sample)
 z-test for population mean (one sample)
 t-test for population mean (one sample)
 two sample t-test for population mean differences (two independent samples)
 paired t-test (two paired or dependent samples)

1) For the following situations, first determine which hypothesis test (from the 5 tests listed
above) would be appropriate in each situation. Then, state the null and alternative
hypothesis.
a) A study of driving ability while under the influence of alcohol was designed. A sample of
50 drivers was chosen, and their reaction times in an obstacle course were measured
twice, before and after drinking two beers. The purpose of this study was to check
whether reaction times are different after drivers consume two beers.

 paired t-test (two paired or dependent samples)

 H0 : μ = 0
 Ha :μ NOT= 0

b) According to a company study in March 2006 the average waiting time for customers in
the drive-thru for all Dunkin Donuts locations was 3.65 minutes. Dunkin believes that the
mean waiting time has decreased since then and collects data from a random sample of
locations to test this claim.

z-test for population proportion (one sample)

 H0 : μ = 3.65
 Ha :μ NOT= 3.65
 STAT100 Fall 19 Class Activity 21 – Student Worksheet
Unit 5: Inference

c) At a large university, a study found that 25% of the students live on campus. Recently,
the university built more on-campus housing so they believe that the proportion has
increased. The university collects data from a random sample of students to test this
claim.
t-test for population mean (one sample)
H0 : μ = 0.25
Ha :μ NOT= 0.25

d) For all U.S. students who take the SAT, SAT Critical Reading scores are normally
distributed with an average score of 501 and a standard deviation of 121 for all U.S.
students. A random sample of 100 test takers classified as English language learners
had a mean SAT Critical Reading score of 485 with a standard deviation of 136. A
researcher wants to use the data to test the claim that English language learners score
worse on the SAT Critical Reading exam.

paired t-test (two paired or dependent samples)

H0 : μ = 0
Ha :μ NOT= 0

e) Researchers wanted to test the claim that the pregnancy length of women who smoke
during pregnancy is shorter, on average, than the pregnancy length of women who do
not smoke. Data from two samples were collected; a random sample of 50 pregnant
women who smoke and a random sample of 75 pregnant women who do not smoke.
The pregnancy lengths for women in both samples were recorded.

paired t-test (two paired or dependent samples)

H0 : μ = 0
Ha :μ NOT= 0

2) You are performing a hypothesis with the following alternate hypothesis: Ha: p > 0.33. You
calculate a test statistic of z = 1.24. Determine the p-value for this test, and draw a diagram
showing where the test statistic would be located in a distribution assuming that the null
hypothesis is true. Shade in the region under the curve which represents the p-value for this
test. If possible, include an image of the diagram in your document.

t-test for population mean (one sample)

H0 : μ = 1.24
Ha :μ NOT= 1.24

3) Below is Minitab output for a hypothesis test. Note that the test statistic is t = -2.87.
 STAT100 Fall 19 Class Activity 21 – Student Worksheet
Unit 5: Inference

One-Sample T
Descriptive Statistics
N Mean StDev SE Mean 95% CI for μ
92 20.706 4.325 0.451 (19.810, 21.602)
μ: mean of Sample

Test
Null hypothesis H₀: μ = 22
Alternative hypothesis H₁: μ ≠ 22
T-Value P-Value
-2.87 0.005

a) Draw a diagram showing where the test statistic would fall in a distribution assuming that
the null hypothesis is true. Shade in the region under the curve which represents the p-
value for this test. Note that the alternate hypothesis and the p-value are both provided
in the Minitab output.
On paper couldn’t upload

b) What is your decision (or conclusion) for this hypothesis test? State the reason for your
decision. Note that the p-value is provided in the Minitab output. Use a level of
significance of α = .05.

we Reject Ho then we say: There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim