2016-2017

INDEX

1. AIM

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. CERTIFICATE

4. INTRODUCTION

5. MATERIALS REQUIRED

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7. WORKING

8. BIBLOGRAPHY
 AIM

“To construct a full wave

rectifier and show that
Alternating Current is
rectified into a Direct
Current”
 Acknowledgement

The project could have never been possible

without the support of various sources. It is
extremely impossible to thank every individual
who has helped me in completing this project.
Some people have helped in the basic
formularization and there were sources that
helped me in giving the ideas a physical
form/shape. I am extremely grateful to my
mentor,
Mr. Shekhar Jha for his invaluable guidance in the
project right from the beginning. His vital support
helped the project to take a logical and suitable
shape. I take this opportunity to thank the School
authorities, for extending their full support and
cooperation in the project. Last but not the least; I
would like to thank everyone who has offered a
helping hand when required
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Somrat Dutta

(Roll_No:…..……) student of Class XII, Delhi
Public School, Siliguri has completed the project
titled. “Full Wave Rectifier” during the academic
year 2016-17 towards partial fulfillment of credit
for the Physics Project evaluation of AISSCE 2017,
and submitted working model and satisfactory
report, as compiled in the following pages, under
my supervision.

_________________________

Teacher’s Signature
 Introduction
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to
rectify all the alternating current components in
an alternating supply and make it purely a direct
current. The two alternating halves of an
alternation current are rectified in a full wave
rectifier which is an advantage over a half wave
rectifier. Most electronic devices cannot withstand
very high voltage or alternating current due to its
intense high power. The use of batteries
in all devices is not practical as their replacement
and durability is a huge problem as the device has
to be dismantled each time for such a replacement.
So these rectifiers are used in most of the
electronic devices like TV’s, Radios, Chargers,
and Lightings etc.
 Materials required

1. Connecting wires
2. A plug
3. Single lead wire - 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A Transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor (1 K Ω )
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11. Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,
soldering lead, soldering iron &sand paper
 circuit diagram

Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C.
supply is given to both the input wires of the
transformer and the two ends of the secondary coil
is given to the P side of the two diodes and the
N side of the diodes are twined and
then connected to one end of the capacitor and the
other end to the center tap lead and to the resistor.
Further, the other end of capacitor with the diode
connect ion is connected to the other end of the
resistor. Connect 2 leads on both the ends of the
resistor to measure the output and this is
connected to the +ve & -ve terminals of the bulb.
 Working

1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it

steps down the 230V main supply to 6 volts. It has
a capability of delivering a current of 500mA. The
6 volts A.C. appearing across the secondary is the
RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During
the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is
forward biased and a current ‘I’ flows in the circuit
in the direction S 1D1 ABEOS1. During this time
diode D2 is reverse biased. So it does not conduct
any electric current. During the next half cycle,
the diodeD2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence
D2 conducts current in the direction S2D2
ABEOS2and D1 does not conduct any current. In
subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the above
processes are repeated.
In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows
through the resistor in only one direction ABE.
Even though the voltage across RL is unidirectional
it will still contain a few A.C components. This is
filtered and made smooth using a capacitor, which
filters 99% of the A.C current. A resistor is then
used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also
nearly filters all A.C components from the supply
and resistance is adjusted for the required output.
As this is a simple circuit, only one capacitor and a
resistance are being used. But there will be slight
factor of A.C. current still left in the output but it
is negligible. The output Direct Current and
voltage light up the LED.
 Bibliography

 Physics – Textbook for XII (NCERT)

 Modern’s ABC of Physics
 Laboratory Manual (Rachna Sagar Pub.)
 Encyclopedia