Kendriya Vidyalaya

KANJIKODE

PHYSICS
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
Year : 2019-20

Topic : Bridge Rectifier

Name : Vaishnavi.V
Class : XII A
CBSE Roll No :
 Lab certificate

This is to certify that Miss/Master Vaishnavi.V of Class

XII A has satisfactorily completed the investigatory project in

Physics prescribed by Central Board of Secondary

Education, in Physics Laboratory of Kendriya Vidyalaya

Kanjikode during the year 2019-20.

Signature of Teacher in charge :

Signature of Internal Examiner :

Signature of External Examiner :

Signature of the Principal :

 Felicitation

I am grateful to our respected Principal Smt K

Rajeswari for her kind cooperation in all aspects in the
completion of Class XII course and the lab facilities
provided.

I am grateful to Mr. Sivadas , PGT Physics for his

invaluable guidance and support in the completion of
this investigatory project.

I am thankful to all the teachers who have helped

me in the completion of this investigatory project.

I am also grateful to Mr. U Kumaran, lab attendant

for his valuable help.
 Index

S.no content Page number

1 Introduction
2 Aim
3 Materials Required
4 Procedure
5 Observations
6 Conclusions
7 Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION
Although in our daily life we use A.C. current devices.
But rectifier is a ‘Electronic device which converts A.C.
power into D.C. power’.
The study of the junction diode characteristics reveals
that the junction diode offers a low resistance path,
when forward biased, and a high resistance path, when
reverse biased. This feature of the junction diode
enables it to be used as a rectifier.The alternating
signals provides opposite kind of biased voltage at the
junction after each half-cycle. If the junction is forward
biased in the first half-cycle, its gets reverse biased in
the second half. It results in the flow of forward current
in one direction only and thus the signal gets rectified.
In other words, we can say, when an alternating e.m.f.
signal is applied across a junction diode, it will conduct
only during those alternate half cycles, which biased it
in forward direction.
Bridge Rectifiers are the circuits which convert
alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) using
the diodes arranged in the bridge circuit configuration.
They usually comprise of four or more number of
diodes which cause the output generated to be of the
same polarity irrespective of the polarity at the input.

EXPERIMENT

AIM: To construct and to study the output voltage by

bridge-rectifier.
MATERIALS REQUIRED: Four diodes, load resistor
and a transformer.

PROCEDURE:

As in the circuit diagram, 4 diodes are arranged in the

form of a bridge. The transformer secondary is
connected to two diametrically opposite points of the
bridge at points A & C. The load resistance RL is
connected to bridge through points B and D.

During first half cycle of the input voltage, the upper

end of the transformer secondary winding is positive
with respect to the lower end. Thus during the first half
cycle diodes D1 and D3 are forward biased and current
flows through arm AB, enters the load resistance RL,
and returns back flowing through arm DC. During this
half of each input cycle, the diodes D2 and D4 are
reverse biased and current is not allowed to flow in
arms AD and BC.

During second half cycle of the input voltage, the lower

end of the transformer secondary winding is positive
with respect to the upper end. Thus diodes D2 and D4
become forward biased and current flows through arm
CB, enters the load resistance RL, and returns back to
the source flowing through arm DA.
OBSERVATIONS: It is observed that the current flows
across the load resistor during both the positive and
negative half cycle.

The output voltage measured was 8.5 volt for an input

voltage of 6 volt.

CONCLUSIONS: Thus, a bridge rectifier allows electric

current during both positive and negative half cycles of
the input AC signal.

The output waveforms of the bridge rectifier is shown in

the below figure.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 http://www.physics-and-radio-
electronics.com/electronic-devices-and-
circuits/rectifier/bridgerectifier.html

 http://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-
content/uploads/2009/08/bridge_rectifier.jpg

 https://www.elprocus.com/bridge-rectifier-circuit-
theory-with-working-operation/