English/Romanian

Legal Glossary
DICTIONAR DE TERMENI JURIDICI
1203.03 PC MOTION – Request to cancel, modify, change or terminate probation.

MOTIUNEA PC 1203.03 – Cererea de anulare, modificare, schimbare sau incheiere a unei perioade de proba.

1203.4 PC MOTION – Request to take back guilty plea or set aside a guilty verdict, and dismiss the
accusations or information. (Made after probation has either terminated or defendant was discharged from probation prior to
termination.)

MOTIUNEA PC 1203.4  Cererea de retragere a pledoariei de vinovatie sau ridicarea sentintei de

vinovatie si anularea acu!atiilor si a informatiilor. ("acuta, sau dupa terminarea probei, sau cind acu!atul a iesit de sub perioada de
proba, inainte de terminarea ei).

170.6 PC MOTION  Request to disqualify the assigned #udge from hearing a matter.
MOTIUNEA PC 170.6- Cererea de descalificare a unui $udecator de a #udeca un ca!.

995 PC MOTION – Request made by a defendant to dismiss a count of information.

MOTIUNEA PC 995  Cererea facuta de catre un acu!at de anulare a unei anumite acu!atii.

ABANDONMENT  %hen a parent leaves a child without enough care, supervision, support, or parental
contact for an e&cessive period of time.

ABANDON – 'asarea unui copil de catre parinte, fara ingri#ire sau supraveghere, fara suport ori contact, pentru o perioada
indelungata de timp.

ABATE – o put an end to to cancel out.

(****) * + sfirsi ceva a anula.

ABATEMENT OF ACTION – + suit which has been set aside and ended.

(****) * n proces care a fost incheiat.

ABDUCTION  he offense of taking away a wife, child, or ward, by deceitful persuasion, force, or
violence.

RAPIRE  'uarea prin inselaciune , forta sau violenta a unei sotii, copil sau a unui minor care se afla in gri#a tribunalului si nu a
parintilor.
ABROGATE – o repeal or cancel an old law using another law or constitutional power.

ABROGARE  + retrage sau anula o lege veche prin folosirea unei alte legi sau puteri constitutionale.

ABSTRACT  + summary of what a court or government agency does. 1n raffic, document that is sent to
the 2epartment of Motor 3ehicles (2M3) to update driving record.

(****) * Re!umatul a ceea ce face un tribunal sau o agentie de guvern. 1n rafic, un document trimis la 2M3
pentru a reactuali!a datele.

ABSTRACT OF JUDGEMENT* 4ummary of the court5s final decision. Can be used as a lien if you file
it with the county recorder.

(---- - Re!umatul deci!iei finale a ribunalului. 6oate fi folosit ca 7lien8 (ve!i lien), daca este inregistrat la arhiva, de County.

ABSTRACT OF RECORD - 4hort form of the case.

(---- - Re!umatul sau forma scurta a ca!ului.

ABUSE – (9) immoderate or improper use (0) to do physical, se&ual, or psychological harm to someone.

ABU! – (9) "olosirea improprie sau e&cesiva (0) vatamarea fi!ica, se&uala sau psihica a cuiva.

ABUSE OF PROCESS – Misuse of the power of the court.

ABU! DE PROCES – "olosirea abu!iva a puterii legislative.

ACCESSOR" - + person who helps someone else commit a crime, either before or after the crime.
COMP#ICE- : persoana care participa la comiterea unei ilegalitati, inainte sau dupa comiterea ei.

ACCIDENT OR MISFORTUNE – +n unintentional event unforeseen event causing misfortune.

ACCIDENT SAU NENOROCIRE – n eveniment neintentionat intimplare nepreva!uta care cau!ea!a o nenorocire.

ACCOMP#ICE – + person that helps someone else commit a crime. Can be on purpose or not.

COMP#ICE – : persoana care a#uta la comiterea unei infractiuni 6oate sa fie intentionata sau neintentionata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0

ACCORD – + satisfaction agreed upon between the parties in a lawsuit, which prevents further actions after the claim.

ACORD – +#ungerea la o intelegere satisfacatoare, intre partile implicate intr*un proces, aceasta prevenind continuarea procesului.

ACCORD AND SATISFACTION  +greement by the parties to settle a claim or dispute in which the
parties typically agree to give or accept something.

ACORD SI MU#TUMIRE – : intelegere intre parti de a incheia un proces sau o disputa, (cearta sau neintelegere), in care , de
obicei, partile accepta sa dea sau sa primeasca ceva.

ACCRUA# – he total amount of child support payments that are owed or that are late.

(****) * 4uma totala a pensiei alimentare datorate.

ACCUSATION – + formal charge against a person.

ACU!ATIE – 1nvinuirea unei persoane.

ACCUSED – he person that is charged with a crime and has to go to criminal court. (4ee
2-"-<2+<).

ACU!ATU# – 6ersoana acu!ata de violaea legii si, care trebuie sa se infatise!e la riunal.

AC$NO%#EDGEMENT – 4aying, testifying, or assuring that something is true.

RECUNAOSTERE – + declara, marturisi sau confirma un adevar.

AC$O%#EDGEMENT OF SATISFACTION OF JUDGEMENT – + court form that the person who

wins the case must fill out, sign, and file with the court when the #udgment is fully paid. 1f there are no
liens, the back of the Notice of Entry of Judgment can be signed and filed with the court (4ee $2/M-< CR-21:R,
$2/M-<.)

(****) * n document legal, care trebuie sa fie completat, semnat si inregistrat de ribunal, cind procesul este finali!at si platit. 2aca
nu e&ista nici o datorie, documentul legal poate fi semnat pe verso, (spate), si
inregistrat la ribunal.

AC&UIT – o legally find the innocence of a person charged with a crime. o set free, release or
discharge from an obligation, burden or accusation. o find a defendant not guilty in a criminal trial.

AC'ITA – + gasi nevinovat pe cineva care este acu!at de o infractiune. +elibera , de!vinovati sau scoate
de sub acu!atie. + gasi pe un acu!at, nevinovat intr*un proces legal.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;

AC&UITA# – %hen a #udge or #ury finds that the person on trial is not guilty.

(****) * Cind un #udecator sau grupul de #urati gaseste o persoana, nevinovata, intr*un proces legal., este o.

ACTION – 1n court, when one person sues someone else to, defend or enforce a right, stop something bad
from happening or fi& something, or punish them for a crime.

ACTIUNE – 'a ribunal, cind o persoana da in #udecata pe cineva, pentru a apara sau intari un drept, a preveni un rau, sau a
pedepsi pentru o infractiune.

ACTION IN PERSONAM – 6roceeding against the person for the recovery of a specific ob#ect, usually
an item of personal property such as an automobile.

PROCES CONTRA PERSOANEI – 6rocedura impotriva unei persoane de a recupera un anumit obiect,
de obicei un bun personal, cum ar fi un automobil.

ACTION IN REM – 6roceeding >against the thing> as compared to personal actions ( in personam).
sually a proceeding where property is involved.

PROCES CONTRA UNUI BUN – 6roces contra unui 7obiect 7prin comparatie cu un proces contra persoanei. 2e obicei, un
proces care implica un bun imobiliar, (proprietate).

ACTIE STATUS – + case that is in court but is not settled or decided has active status. (4ee
2146:411:<, 6-<21</.)

STATUT ACTI – n ca! neincheiat, in curs de re!olvare.

ACTUA# #OSS  his is a showing that the plaintiff or in#ured party has undergone some loss of property
or other thing of value by reason of fraud, forgery, or other illegal action. "or the crime of forgery the e&istence of a specific intent to
defraud is an essential element however, there is no requirement of actual loss to complete the crime.

PIERDERE DE FAPT –+ceasta arata ca reclamantul sau partea vatamata, a suferit o pierdere a proprietatii sau a unui obiect de
valoare, fie prin inselaciune, u! de fals, sau printr*o alta actiune ilegala. Culpa de plastografie implica e&istenta unei intentii de
frauda, ca element esential cu toate acestea, savirsirea unei infractiuni nu presupune neaparat o pierdere.

AD #ITEM - Comes from 'atin meaning for the >purposes of the lawsuit.> "or e&ample, a guardian ad
litem is a person appointed by the court to protect the interests of a minor or legally incompetent person in a lawsuit.

(****) * 6rovine din 'atina, insemnind 7in scopul procesului8. 2e &eemplu, un tutore ad litem este o
persoana desemnata de ribunal, sa apere interesele unui minor sau o persoana incompetenta legal, intr*un proces.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =

ADD-ON  Refers to an additional matter that is added to a specific calendar at a time after the initial preparation of the calendar.

(---- - 4e refera la o problema aditionala care este adaugata la un calendar, dupa pregatirea initiala a calendarului.

ADDENDUM – + thing added or to be added.

ANE)A – n lucru adaugat sau care va fi adaugat.

ADDICTION – + person who has become emotionally dependent on the use of a drug and the effect is an
irresistible need to continue its use and has developed a tolerance to the drug and requires larger stronger doses.

DEPENDENTA – : dependenta emotionala de folosire a unui drog care are drept efect nevoia ire!istibila
de a continua folosirea lui si care s*a de!voltat o toleranta la drog si cere do!e mai mari si mai puternice.

ADDITUR – he power of a trial court to increase the amount of an award of money to one party made by
#ury verdict, as a condition of denial of motion for new trial. he defendant must consent to the increased money award, the plaintiff
need not consent.

(****) * 6uterea unui ribunal de a mari suma unei recompense banesti, date uneia din parti, printr*un
verdict al #uriului, ca o conditie a negarii unei motiuni pentru un nou proces. 6iritul trebuie sa consimta la marirea recompensei,
reclamantul nu tebuie sa consimta.

AD'ESION CONTRACTS – Contract where one party has no real choice as to its terms.

(****) * Contract in care una din parti nu are posibilitatea de a alege termenii.

ADJOURNMENT – o put off a court hearing until another time or place.

AMINARE – + amina un proces pina la o alta data sau un alt loc.

ADJUDICATE – %hen a #udge hears and decides a case.

ADJUDECA – Cind un #udecator audia!a si hotaraste un ca!.

ADJUDICATION – he #udge5s decision in a case or action.

ADJUDECARE – 2eci!ia unui #udecator intr*un ca! sau actiune.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?

ADMIN PER SE – 'atin meaning,“by itself, inherently.” Requires the 2epartment of Motor 3ehicles (2M3) to automatically
suspend or cancel the driver5s license of a driver whose blood alcohol content measures more than .AB, or who refuses to take
a test to measure hisher blood alcohol level.

(****) * 'atin insemnind 7 prin sine insusi8. Cere 2M3*ului sa suspende sau sa anule!e automat permisul
de conducere al unui conducator auto a carei alcoolemie masoara peste A.AB sau care refu!a sa faca testul
de alcoolemie.

ADMINISTER  (9) to manage (0) taking a drug by in#ection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means,
to the body for that person5s immediate needs.

ADMINISTRA – 'uarea unui medicament prin in#ectare, inhalare, inghitire, sau pe alte cai, pentru nevoile immediate ale unei
persoane.

ADMINISTRATIE PROCEDURE – he way an e&ecutive government agency makes and enforces
support orders without going to court.

PROCEDURA ADMINISTRATIA – Modul prin care o agentie guvernamentala e&ecutiva face si intareste ordinele pentru
spri#in, fara a merge la ribunal.

ADMINISTRATIE REIE% OR *AR+  + review of the welfare of a child in long*term foster care
by a panel of people selected by the state 2epartment of Dealth E Duman 4ervices (2DD4). he review is conducted at least once a
year, in place of a @*month placement hearing by the Court. he panel reviews a report from 2DD4. he review is open to the
parents of the child, parentsF attorney and childFs attorney.

INSPECTIE – : revi!uire a situatiei copilului aflat in plasament de adoptiune, de catre un comitet selectat
de catre 2epartamentul de 4tat pentru 4anatate si 4ervicii mane,(2DD4). Controlul este facut cel putin o data pe an, in loc de o data
la @ luniGGGG..Comitetul revi!uieste un rapotr al 2DD4. 1nspectia este accesibila pentru parintii copilului, avocatul parintilor si
avocatul copilului.

ADMINISTRATOR  9. Man who represents the estate of a person who dies without a will. 0. + court
official.

(****)  Harbat care administrea!a proprietatea unei persoane care moare fara sa lase testament. : persoana
cu autoritate legala.

ADMINISTRATRI) – %oman who represents the estate of a person who dies without a will.

ADMINISTRATOARE – (3e!i ADMINISTRATOR.

ADMISSIB#E – 6ertinent and proper to be considered in reaching a decision.

ADMISIBI# – 6otrivit si demn de a fi luat in considerare in a#ungerea la o deci!ie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @

ADMISSIB#E EIDENCE – -vidence that can be legally and properly be used in court.

EIDENTA ADMISIBI#A – 2ove!i, probe care pot fi folosite legal la ribunal.

ADMISSION – 4aying that certain facts are true. Hut not saying you are guilty. (Compare with
C:<"-441:<).

RECUNOASTERE – + declara ca ceva este adevarat, dar nu a spune ca esti vinovat. (Compara cu
M+RR141R-).

ADMONIS' – o warn, advise, or scold.

AERTI!A – + sfatui, a convinge, a certa.

ADMONITION – +dvice or caution by the court to the #ury respecting their duty or conduct as #urors, and
the purpose for which evidence may be considered.

AERTISMENT – 4fatuirea sau atentionarea #uriului de catre ribunal de a*si respecta sarcinile si conduita ca #urati si de a
respecta scopul la care servesc probele.

ADMONITION TO JURORS  %hat the #udge says to the #ury about what they must do and how they
must behave, what evidence they can use to make their decision (called >admissible> evidence), and how they can use that evidence
to make a decision.

SFATUIREA JURATI#OR – Ceea ce spune #udecatorul #uratilor cu privire la ce trebuie sa faca si cum trebuie sa se comporte, ce
probe sa foloseasca pentru a lua deci!ia, ( numita 7evidenta admisibila8), si cum trebuie sa foloseasca acele probe pentru luarea
deci!iei.

ADOPTION  he way to make the relationship between a parent and child legal when they are not
related by blood.

ADOPTIUNE – Modul de a lgali!a o relatie intre un copil si un parinte care nu sint inruditi prin singe.

ADOPTIE ADMISSION  +ction by a party that communicates agreement with the statements of
another person.

RECUNOASTERE ADOPTIEI – +ctiune #udiciara a unei parti care*si e&prima acordul cu declaratia altei persoane.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I

ADERSAR" S"STEM * he system of trial practic e in the nited 4tates and some othe r countries in which each of the
opposing (or >adversary>) parties has the opportunity to present and establish opposing positions before the court.

(****) * 4istemul #udiciar in 4tatele nite si alte citeva tari in care fiecare din partile opuse, (sau
7adversare8), are oca!ia sa*si pre!inte si sa*si stabileasca po!itiile opuse, inaintea ribunalului.

ADERSE %ITNESS – + person called to testify for the other side.

MARTORU# OPO!ITIEI – : persoana chemata sa marturiseasca pentu partea opusa.

AFFIANT – + person who makes and signs an affidavit.

(****) - : persoana care face sau semnea!a un 7affidavit.8

AFFIDAIT – + written statement that someone swears to under oath in front of someone that is legally
authori!ed, like a #udge or notary public.

(***) * : declaratie scrisa sub #uramint, data in fata unei autoritati, cum ar fi un #udecator sau un notar public.

AFFIRMATION – %hen an appellate court says that the lower courtFs decision was right.

CONFIRMARE – Cind Curtea de +pel spune ca deci!ia ribunalului a fost corecta.

AFFIRMATIE DEFENCE – %hen a defendant or person responding to a civil case has a reason that
would make him or her >not guilty> or not at fault and gives the court new evidence to prove that. he
defense has to prove what it says (called HR2-< :" 6R::"). he defense has to e&plain this defense in their +<4%-R.
(****) * Cind un pirit sau o persoana civila are o proba de nevinovatie si pre!inta ribunalului dovada respectiva. + pararea trebuie sa
dovedeasca ce spune, (numita /R-+-+ 2:3-J11). +pararea trubuie
sa e&plice aceasta proba in raspunsul ei.

AFFIRMED – 1n appellate courts, it means that the decision of the trial court is correct.

CONFIRMAT – 'a Curtea de +pel inseamna ca deci!ia ribunalului este corecta.

AFTER AC&UIRED INTENT – %hen the defendant did not intend to commit a crime until after the
crime had been committed.

Cind reclamatul nu a intentionat sa savirseasca o infractiune inainte de savirsirea ei.

AGENT – 4omeone who has authority to act for another.

(****) – Cineva care are autoritatea dea actiona in dreptul altcuiva.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B

AGENC"  :ne person acts for or represents another by authority. 1n raffic, the department issuing the citation.

AGENTIE – +utoritate abilitata sa repre!inte pe altcineva. 1n rafic departamentul care eliberea!a citatiile.

AGGRAATION – Circumstances that may be considered as magnifying, or adding to, the degree of
punishment.

AGRAARE – Circumstante care sint considerate de a mari sau adauga la gradul de pedeapsa.

AGGRAATED ARSON –2eliberately setting fire with specific intent to cause in#ury or damage

structures
residenceswhere defendant has been previously convicted of arson, the damage e&ceeds L?m, or at least ?
were damaged.

INCENDIERE PREMEDITATA – + da foc in mod intentionat cu scopul vatamarii persoanei sau a proprietatii, unde reclamatul a
mai fost #udecat pentru incendiu, iar paguba depaseste L?m, sau cel putin ? case au fost distruse.

AGGRAATED BATTER" - nlawful use of force against another such as using a dangerous weapon.

ATAC IN FORTA – "olosirea ileagla a fortei impotriva cuiva, cum ar fi folosirea unei arme periculoase.

AGGRAATED MA"'EM  Causing permanent disability or disfigurement with specific intent to

cause the in#ury and with e&treme indifference to well*being of other person .

MUTI#ARE – Cau!area unei debilitati permanente sau desfigurarea cu intentia precisa de a provoca vatamare si cu o
indiferenta e&trema fata de binele celeilalte persoane.

AGGRAATED TRESPASS – nlawfully entering property of another with specific intent to carry out
prior threat of serious bodily in#ury.

IO#AREA GRAA A PROPRIETATII – 1ntrarea ilegala pe proprietatea cuiva cu scopul de a duce la indeplinire o amenintare de
vatamarea trupeasca a cuiva.

AGGRAATING FACTORS – +ny factors associated with the commission of a crime which increase
the seriousness of the offense.

FACTORI AGRAANTI – :rice factori asociati cu comiterea unei infractiuni care ii mareste gravitatea.

AGGREGATE TERM – he total length of imprisonment

(****) - 6erioada totala a intemnitarii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K

AGGREED STATEMENT OF FACTS  4tatement of all important facts, which all the parties agree is true and correct, and which
is submitted to a court for a decision.

(****) * : declaratie in care partile sint de acord ca toate faptele sint adevarate si corecte, care este data la corect in vederea unei
deci!ii.

AGREEMENT  %hen the people involved in a legal dispute agree about something.

ACORD – Cind persoanele implicate intr*o disputa legala cad de acord asupra unui lucru.

AID AND ABET  to help or assist, in committing a crime.

AJUTOR – +a#uta sau incura#a comiterea unei infractiuni.

AIDER AND ABETTOR  :ne who has criminal intent and assists another to commit a crime.

INSTIGATOR – Cineva care are o intentie criminala sau a#uta pe cineva sa comita o infractiune.

A##EGE  o say, declare, or charge that something is truce even though it is not proved yet.

PRETINDE – + pretinde ca ceva e adevarat inainte de a se fi dovedit.

A##EGED – S aid to be true as described a person who is accused, but has not yet been tried in court.

(****) * +sa*!is adevarat dupa cum a fost descris o persoana care a fost acu!ata dar nu #udecata.

A##EGATION – + statement or claim that is made and has not been proved to be true or false.

A#EGATIE – +firmatie nedovedita s fi adevarata sau falsa.

A##EGED FAT'ER – + man who may be the father of the child.

(****) * n om care ar putea fi tatal copilului.

A#IAS – nown by another name or means >also known as> which +..+. is short for.

(****) * Cunoscut sub un alt nume inseamna 7cunoscut ca.8

A#IBI – + defense claim that the accused was somewhere else at the time a crime was committed.

(****) * 6rete&tul ca acu!atul se afla in alta parte cind a fost comisa infractiunea.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

A#IMON" – Money the court orders you to pay to a spouse or e&*spouse. (4ee 46:4+' 466:R).

PENSIE #AIMENTARA – 4uma de bani pe care o stabileste ribunalul ca trebuie sa fie platita sotieisotului sau
fosteifostului sotiisot.

A##OCUTION – 2efendant5s statement to try to reduce punishment.

A#OCUTIUNE – 2eclaratia reclamatului prin care incearca sa reduca pedeapsa.

A#TERATION, FORGER" B"  +dding, erasing, or changing a document with the specific intent to

cause it to appear different from what it srcinally was intended to be to cheat another person.
A#TERARE, P#AGIERE – + adauga, sterge sau schimba un document cu scopul precis de a*l face sa para diferit decit cel
srcinal, in intentia de a insela o alta persoana.

A#TERNATIE DISPUTE RESO#UTION (ADR – Methods of resolving disputes without official

court proceedings. hese methods include M-21+1:< and +RH1R+1:<.

(****) * Meotde de resolvare a disputelor fara safie necesare procedurile #uridice. +ceste metode include
Medierea si +rbitra#ul.

AMEND – o add to or change a claim that has been filed in court.

A AMENDA – + modifica, a aduce modificari unui proces deschis la ribunal.

AMENDMENT – + change made by correction, addition, or deletion.

AMENDAMENT – : schimbare facuta prin corectare, adaugare sau stregere.

AMICUS CURIAE (+*M154 5R1-) * 4omeone that gives advice to the court about the law in a case,
but is not part of the case. Comes from the 'atin for >friend of the court.>

(****) * : persoana care sfatuieste ribunalu cu privire la aplicarea legii intr*un anumit ca!, dar care nu sete implicat in ca!ul respectiv.
6rovine din latinaN 6rieten al ribunalului.

ANNOTATION – + case summary or commentary on the law cases, statutes, and rules.

ADNOTARE – <ota e&plicativa in procese, statute si legi.

ANNUA# REIE% - Oearly #udicial review.

(****) * : revi!uire #uridica, anuala.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

ANNU#MENT – + legal action that says your marriage was never legally valid because of unsound mind, incest, bigamy, being too
young to consent, fraud, force, or physical incapacity.

ANU#ARE – : aciune #uridica prin care casatoria este declarata ilegala datorita lipsei de ratiune, incestului, bigamiei, sau
imaturitatii de a consimti, frauda, forta, sau incapacitate fi!ica.

ANON"MUS – %hen someone5s name is kept secret.

ANONIM – Cind numele cuiva este pastrat secret.

ANS%ER – + statement that a defendant writes to answer a civil complaint and says what defense they
will use.

RASPUNS – : declaratie scrisa de catre reclamat penru a replica unei plingeri civile aratind ce probe va folosi apararea.

ANTICIPATOR" BREAC' – %hen a person who is to perform as set forth in a contract, clearly
indicates to the other party that he will not or cannot perform.

INCA#CARE ANTICIPATORIE - Cind o persoana care trebuie sa onore!e un contract stabilit, indica in mod clar celeilalte parti ca
nu va putea onra contractul.

APPEA# – %hen someone that loses at least part of a case asks a higher court (called an >+66-''+-
C:R>) to review the decision and say if it is right. his is called >to appeal> or >to take an appeal.> he person that appeals is
called the >+66-''+<.> he other person is called the >+66-''--.>

APE# – Cind cineva care pierde o parte a procesului cere la Curtea de +pel sa revi!uiasca deci!ia si sa hotareasca daca aceasta a
fost corecta. +ceasta se numeste 7a apela8 sau 7a face un apel8. 6ersoana care apelea!a se numeste 8+pelant8. Cealalta persoana
se numeste 71ntimat.8

APPEARANCE – /oing to court. :r a legal paper that says you will participate in the court process.

PRE!ENTARE – 1nfatisare la ribunal. n document legal care sune ca trebuie sa participi intr*un proces.

APPERANCE PROGRESS REPORT (APR – + court order for a report by the 2epartment of Dealth
and Duman 4ervices (2DD4) on an issue requested by the court.

(****) * n ordin al ribunalului catre 2DD4, cerind un raport cu referire la o problema #uridica.

APPE##ANT – 4omeone that +66-+'4 a court5s decision. (Compare with +66-''--.)

APE#ANT – Cineva care apelea!a o deci!ie a ribunalului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

APPE##ATE – Daving to do with appeals. +n +66-''+- C:R can review a lower court5s (called
a >R1+' C:R> or >superior court.> 2ecision. "or e&ample, California Court of +ppeal review the decisions of the superior
courts.

APE#AT – Care are de*a face cu apeluri. : Curte de +pel poate revi!ui deci!ia unui ribunal sau ibunal
4uperior. 2e e&emplu Curtea de +pel a Californiei revi!uieste deci!iile ribunalului 4uperior.

APPE##ATE COURT – + court that can review how the law was used to decide a case in a lower court.

CURTEA DE APE# – n irbunal care poate revi!ui cum a fost folosita legea, in hotarirea luata intr*un tribunal.

APPE##ATE JURISDICTION – he appellate court has the right to review and change the lower court
decision.

JURISICTIA CURTII DE APE# – 2reptul unui ribunal de a revu!ui si schimba deci!ia unui ribunal.

APPE##EE – + person that answers an appeal in higher court.

INTIMAT – 6ersoana care raspunde unui apel facut intr*un ribunal 4uperior.

ARBITRATION – %hen a person that isn5t involved in the case looks at the evidence, hears the
arguments, and makes a decision. (Compare with M-21+1:<.)

ARBITRARE – Cind o persoan acare nu este implicata intr*un ca! citareste probele, audia!a argumentele,
si ia o deci!ie. (compara cu M-21-R-).

ARGUMENT – Remarks made by an attorney to a #udge or #ury on the facts of the case or on points of
law.

(****)  Remarci facute de catre un avocat inaintea #udecatorului sau a #uratilor, referitor la datele procesului, sau cu privire
la lege.

ARMING C#AUSE - + conduct enhancement alleging that defendant or an accomplice was

armed.

(****) * care pretinde ca reclamatul sau complicele au fots inarmati.

ARRAIGN – 6rocess where the person who is accused is brought before the court to hear the criminal
charge(s) against him or her and to plead guilty, not guilty or no contest.

A DA IN JUDECATA – n proces prin care acu!atul este adus inaintea ribunalului, pentru a 1 se pre!enta acu!atiile
impotriva*i, si pentru a pleda vinovat, nevinovat sau nu contesta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

ARRAIGNMENT  %hen a person that is accused of committing a crime is taken to court, told about the charges, and asked to plead
>guilty> or >not guilty.>

TRIMITERE IN JUDECATA – Cind o persoana care este acu!ata de o infractiune este dusa la ribunal,
1 se pre!inta acu!atiile si 1 se cer sa plede!e 7vinovat8 sau 7nevinovat.8

ARREARAGE – Child support that is overdue or unpaid.

RESTANTA – 6ensie alimentara neplatita.

ARREST – he legal capture of a person who is charged with a crime.

AREST – Capturarea legala a unei persoane care este acu!ata de o infractiune.

ARREST OF JUDGEMENT – 6ostponing the result of a #udgment already entered.

SUSPENDAREA SENTINTEI – +minarea unei #udecati facute de#a.

ARSON – he malicious burning of someone5s own house or of someone else5s house, or of someone5s
commercial or industrial property.

INCENDIERE – +rderea malitioasa a casei personale, casei altcuiva sau a unei proprietati comerciale sau industriale.

ASSAU#T – %hen someone tries or threatens to hurt someone else. Can include violence, but is not
battery. (4ee H+-RO.)

ASA#T – Cind cineva incearca sau ameninta ca va vatama pe altcineva. 6oate sa includa violenta, dar nu este bataie.

ASSAU#T %IT' A DEAD#" %EAPON – %hen someone tries to hurt someone and there is threat to
do bodily harm without #ustification by use of a weapon like a gun or a knife.

ASA#T CU O ARMA MORTA#A – Cind cineva incearca sa vatame pe altcineva si e&ista amenitarea cu vatamarea corporala, fara
#ustificare, folosind o arma, cum ar fi un pistol sau un cutit.

ASSESSMENT – +dditional charges added to a case.

TA)ARE – +daugarea de noi costuri la un ca!.

ASSIGNEE – + person or business that is put in the place of the srcinal creditor, such as a collection
agency. Oou can assign your $2/M-< to another person or business.

MANDATAR – : persoana sau un business care este plasat in locul creditorului initial, cum ar fi o agentie
de colectii. 6oti desemna procesul unei alte persoane sau business.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

 ASSIGNMENT – Choosing someone to do somethin g. sually forN Cases * when the cour t uses a calendar to give (or
>assign> cases to #udges 'awyers * when lawyers are chosen (or >appointed>) to represent #uveniles , conservatees or
defendants and $udges * when #udges are sent (or >assigned>) to different courts to fill in while other #udges are on vacation,
sick, etc., or to help with cases in a court.

DESEMNARE – + insarcina pe cineva sa faca ceva. 2e obiceiN Ca!uri  cind un ribunal foloseste un calendar pentru a da sau a
transfera ca!uri la #udcatori +vocati  cind avocatii sint alesi sau desemnati sa repre!inte persoane #uvenile sau reclamati $udecatori
 cind #udecatorii sint trimisi
sau desemnati sa mearga la alte ribunale si sa tina locul altor #udecatori care sint in concediu, bolnavi, etc., sau sa a#ute la diferite
ca!uri la ribunal.

ASSIGNMENT
state OF SUPPORT
any child support they get inRIG'TS %hen
the future.– he a person
person getswho getsand
money public
otherassistance agrees
benefits from thetostate.
give the
4o the state can use part of the
child support to pay for the cost of that public assistance.

(****) * Cind o persoana care primeste asistenta sociala este de acord sa dea 4tatului orice pensie alimentara vor primi in viitor. 6ersoana
primeste bani si alte beneficii de la 4tat. +stfel 4tatul va folosi parte din acesti
bani pentru plata asistentei sociale.

ASSIGNMENT ORDER – + court order (made after a M:1:< that says a $2/M-< 2-H:R
must assign certain rights to the $2/M-< CR-21:R. seful for payments that the #udgment debtor would usually get, like rent
from tenants, wages from the federal government, sales commissions, royalties,
a business5s accounts receivable, or installment payments on 1:s (also called >6R:M144:RO <:-4>
or $2/M-<4).

ORDIN DE DESEMNARE – :rdin al ribunalului, facut dupa o M:1<-, care spune ca persoana care
a pierdut trebuie sa acorde anumite drepturi persoanei care a cistigat folositoare pentru platile le*ar primi persoana care pierde, cum
ar fiN chirii de la chiriasi, salarii de la /uvernul "ederal, comisiuni pentru
vin!ari, drept de autor, conturile de credit ale unui business, sau platile regulate intr*un 71:8 Knumite de asemeni <ote de
6romisiune )

ASSUMPTION OF RIS$ – + defense to a lawsuit for personal in#ury. he essence of the defense is that
the plaintiff assumed the known risk of whatever dangerous condition caused the in#ury.

ASUMAREA RISCU#UI - +pararea intr*un proces pentru vatamare personala. -senta apararii este ca reclamantul si*a asumat
riscul conditiilor care au cau!at vatamarea.

AT ISSUE – he time in a lawsuit when the complaining party has stated his or her claim and the other
side has responded with a denial and the matter is ready to be tried.

(CA! IN #ITIGIU – Momentul , intr*un litigiu, cind reclamantul si*a e&pus plingerea si cealalta parte a replicat cu o negare si
problema este gata sa fie #udecata.

AT ISSUE MEMORANDUM – + legal paper filed in a civil case that says the case is ready to go to trial.

MEMORANDUM – n document legal, completat intr*un ca! civil, care spune ca litigiul este gata pentru #udecare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?

ATTAC'MENT – (9) 2ocument attached to court papers to give more information (0) + way to collect #udgmentN by getting a
court order that says you can take a piece of property.

SEC'ESTRU - 2ocument atasat de actele legale pentru mai multa informatie un mod de a obtine ce s*a stabilit prin sentinta prin
folosirea unui ordin legal de a lua o parte de proprietate.

ATTAC'MENT FOR DEFAU#TER – + process by the court for the arrest of a person other
than a defendant. (4ee ++CDM-<, H-<CD %+RR+<.)

(****) - n proces, la tribunal, prin care o persoana, alta decit acu!atul, este arestata.

ATTEMPT – +n effort to do an act or commit a crime.

TENTATIA – n effort de a face ceva sau a comite o infractiune.

ATTEST – o witness, to affirm to be true or genuine, to certify.

ATESTA – + marturisi, a afirma ca adevarat si genuin, a certifica.

ATTESTATION – he act of witnessing something in writing, at the request of a party.

ATESTARE – +ctul de a marturisi, in scris, la cererea uneia din parti.

ATTORNE" – 4omeone that is qualified to represent clients in court and to give them legal advice. (4ee
C:<4-').

AOCAT – Cineva calificat sa repre!inte clienti, la tribunal si sa le dea sfat #uridic.

ATTORNE" OF RECORD – he lawyer whose name is listed in a case record as representing someone
in the case.

(****) * +vocatul inregistrat pe lista ca repre!entind pe cineva intr*un ca!.

ATTORNE"- AT-#A% – +n advocate, counsel, or official agent employed in preparing, managing, and
trying cases in the courts.

AOCAT – n avocat, #urisconsult, sau agent oficial anga#at sa pregateasca, administre!e si sa repre!intec!urile in
tribunale.

ATTORNE"-IN-FACT * + private person (who is not necessarily a lawyer) authori!ed by someone to act
in his or her place, either for some particular purpose, or for the transaction of business in general. his authority is given in
writing, called a power of attorney.

IMPUTERNICIT – : persoana particulara (nu neaparat un avocat), autori!ata de cineva sa actione!e in locul sau, fie intr*un scop
personal, sau intr*o tran!actie oficiala.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9@

AUDIT – %hen records or accounts are looked at to check that they are right and complete.

BI#ANT – Cind actele contabile sint revi!uite si verificate pentru a fi corecte si complete.

AUT'ENTICATE – o give authority or legal authenticity to a statute, record, or other written document.

AUTENTIFICA – + da autoritate sau autenticitate legala, unui statut, act, sau orice alt document scris.

AUTO TAMPERING – he manipulation of an automobile and its parts for a specific purpose.

(****) * Manipularea unui automobil si a partilor componente, cu un anume scop.

AUTOMATED ADMINISTRATIE ENFORCEMENT OF INTERSTATE CASES (AEI )  6art of

the 6ersonal Responsibility and %ork :pportunity Reconciliation +ct (6R%:R+) that lets states fins, put
a lien on, and take property from people in a different state who owe money.

(***) * 6arte a responsabilitatii +ctului 6R%:R+P care permite 4tatului sa dea amen!i, sa puna ipoteca si
sa ia proprietatea cuiva, dintr*un alt stat, care datorea!a bani.

AUTOMATED OICE RESPONSE S"STEM (AR  6hone system that gives information to people
over the phone.

SISTEM AUTOMAT- 4istem telefonic care da informatii, persoanelor.

AERAGE ADU#T PERSON – + hypothetical person who is used as an e&ample of the entire
community. his hypothetical person represents the interests of all, including persons religious and irreligious persons of all
nationalities, all adult ages and all economic, educational and social standings persons with normal, healthy, average contemporary
attitudes, instincts and interests concerning se&. (in
the conte&t of obscenity)

(***) * 6ersoana ipotetica (imaginara), care este folosita spre e&emplu pentru o intreaga comunitate. +ceasta persoana ipotetica
repre!inta interesele tuturor, invlu!ind persoane religioase si nereligioase persoane de
toate nationalitatile, toate virstele adulte, si toate statuteleN economic, educational si social persoane cu atitudine contemporana
normalasi sanatoasa, instincte si interese se&uale sanatoase.

BAC$#OG – +ll the cases that havenFt been settled or decided in the time the law says they should be.

RE!ERA – oate ca!urile care nu au fost incheiate, sau re!olvate in perioada lasata de lege.

BAD FAIT' – /enerally implies actual or constructive fraud, or a design to mislead or deceive another.

REA CREDINTA – 1mplica , in general, o frauda de fapt sau progresiva, sau o intentie de a insela pe altul.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9I

BAI# – + security deposit (usually money) given to release a defendant or witness from custody and to make sure that they go to
court when they5re supposed to.

CAUTIUNE – n depo!it (de obicei banesc), dat pentru eliberarea din custodie unui acu!at sau martor, care asigura ribunalul ca
acestia se vor pre!enta la tribunal la data stabilita.

BAI# BOND – + legal paper that you buy from a bondsman and give to the court instead of bail. he
defendant signs it and is let go. Hut if they don5t come to court when they5re supposed to, they must pay the amount of money on the
bail bond.

GARANTIE – : :bligatiune pe care o cumperi de la un garant, si pe care o pre!inti la ribunal in loc de depo!it. Reclamatul o

semnea!a si este lasat sa plece. 2aca nu se pre!inta la ribunal la timp, va trebui sa plateasca suma de bani pentru garantie.

BAI# BONDSMAN – 6erson who is responsible for paying the bond for the defendant5s release from #ail.

GARANT – 6ersoana responsabila pentru plata garantiei , pentru eliberarea din inchisoare a reclamatului.

BAI# E)ONERATION – %hen you get your bail back. :r when a bail bondsman or insurance (>surety>)
company isnFt responsible for your bail anymore.

E)ONERARE – Cind primesti garantia ianpoi sau cind un garant sau o +sigurare nu mai sint responsabile pentru
garantia ta.

BAI# FORFEITURE – + court order to let the court keep the bail deposit because the defendant didn5t go
to court when they were supposed to.

CONFISCARE – n ordin al ribunalului pin care depo!itul sau garantia sint pastrate, pentru ca reclamatul nu s*a pre!entat

la ribunal, la timp.

BAI#IFF – 6erson who is in charge of security in the court. Hailiffs are picked by sheriffs.

FUNCTIONAR ADMINISTRATI – : persoana insarcinata cu 4ecuritatea la ribunal. +cestia sint selectati de sherifi.

BAI#MENTS – + delivery of goods from one person to another in trust for purpose of carrying out
agreed upon services.

(****) * ransferul de bunuri de la o persoana la alta, incredintat pentru indeplinirea serviciilor consimtite.

BAI# NOTICE  + legal paper from the court that says the court will make a %+RR+< for arrest
unless the defendant goes to court or pays bail.

(****) * n document legal care spune ca ribunalul va elibera un :R21< de arest , daca reclamatul nu se pre!inta la ribunal sau
nu*si plateste garantia.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9B

BAI# RECEIPT – + written statement that the court gives a defendant that says bail was paid.

C'ITANTA DE GARANTIE – : hirtie scrisa pe care ribunalul o da reclamatului confirmind plata garantiei.

BAI# REIE% – + hearing established to re*evaluate the bail amount that was srcinally set for the
accused.

REI!UIREA GARANTIEI – : audiere stabilita pentru reevaluarea sumei grantiei, care a fost stabilita, initial pentru acu!at.

BA##ARD MOTION – + motion for psychiatric e&amination of prosecutorFs witnesses (victims).

(***) * Motiune pentru e&aminarea psihiatrica a marorilor acu!arii (victime).

BAN$ #E" – %ay to enforce a decision against someone who owes money. he money is taken from
their checking or savings account at a bank, savings and loan, or credit union.

SUMA IMPUSA – Mod de a intari deci!ia impotriva cuiva care datorea!a bani. Hanii sint luati din contul curent sau contul de
economii, din banca, economii si imprumuturi sau uniunea de credit.

BAN$RUPT – he state or condition of a person who is unable to pay his or her debts when they are due.

FA#IMENTAT – Conditia sau starea unei persoane care nu poate sa*si plateasca datoriile, la timp.

BAN$RUPTC" – he legal way for a business or person to get help when they can5t pay the money they
owe. 1n bankruptcy court, they can get rid of debts by paying part of what they owe. here are special bankruptcy #udges at these
hearings.

FA#IMENT – Calea legala prin care un business sau o persoana poate obtine a#utor ca sa*si plateasca datoriile. 1n ribunalul
speciali!at in falimente, acestia pot sa scape de datorii, platind o parte din ce datorea!a. -&ista #udecatori specifici pentru aceste
procese.

BAR – +ll of the lawyers qualified to practice law. "or e&ample, a state bar includes all of the lawyers
qualified to practice law in that state.

BAROU – oti avocatii calaficati sa practice legea. 2e e&empluN un barou de statii include pe toti avocatii calificati pentru practicarea
legii, intr*un stat.

BAR E)AMINATION  + state e&amination that is taken in order to be admitted and licensed to practice
law.

E)AMINAREA DE CATRE BAROU – n -&amen de 4tat dat pentru a fi admis si licentiat pentru a practica legea.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9K

BASE TERM  + term of imprisonment selected by the court according to the 2eterminate 4entencing
'aw.

(****) * n termen de puscarie selectat de ribunal, in de acord cu 'egea de 2eterminare a 4entintei.

BATTERED C'I#D S"NDROME (B.C.S.  6hysical condition of a child where e&ternal or internal
in#uries result from acts committed by a parent or custodian.

(***) * Conditia i!ica a unui copil, la care vatamarea interna sau e&terna este cau!ata de parinte sau custodian.

BATTER"  1llegal beating or physical violence or control of a person without their permission.
(Compare with +44+'.)

BATAIE – Hataie ilegala sau violenta fi!ica sau controlarea unei persoane fara permisiunea acesteia. (Compara cu +4+').

BATTER", SPOUSA#  +n offensive touching or use of force on a spouse without the spouse5s consent.
4ee H+-RO.

(***) * : atingere ofensatoare sau folosirea fortei asupra sotieisotului, fara consimtamintul acesteiaacestuia. (3e!i
H++1-).

BEAG#E MOTION – + request to e&clude any reference of the defendantFs prior conviction to the #ury.

(****) * Cerere de a e&clude orice referire la o condamnare precedenta, in fata #uriului.

BE'AIOR INTERENTION P#AN – 6lan made by a local educational agency ('-+) as part of an
individuali!ed education program (1-6), to change the behavior of students who harm themselves, assault others, or are destructive.

(***) * 6lan facut de o agentie locala,educationala, ca parte a unui programde educare, individuali!at, de a schimba
comportamentulelvilor care se vatama singuri, ii asaltea!a pe altii sau sint distructivi.

BENC' – (9) the desk where a #udge sits in court (0) $udges in general, or a specific #udge.

SCAUN JUDECATORESC  (9) scaunul pe care sade #udecatorul, la tribunal. (0) #udecatorul, in general, sau un anume #udecator.

BENC' CONFERENCE – + meeting either on or off the record at the #udge5s bench between the #udge,
counsel, and sometimes the defendant, out of the hearing of the #ury.

(***) - 1ntilnire inregistrata sau neinregistrata, la scaunul #udecatoresc, intre #udecator, avocat si uneori reclamat, fara pre!enta
#uratilor.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0A

BENC' TRIA# - rial without a #ury. he #udge decides the case.

(****) - 6orces fara #urati. $udecatorul decide ca!ul.

BENC' %ARRANT – +n order given by the #udge (or >bench>) to arrest a person who didn5t do what the
court ordered. "or e&ample, didn5t go to court when they were supposed to. (4ee %+RR+<, %R1).

(****) * :rdin dat de catre #udecator, de a aresta o persoana care nu a respectat ordinul ribunalului. 2e e&empluN nu s*a pre!entat
la ribunal la timp.

BENEFICIAR" – 4omeone who gets something from a trust.

BENEFICIAR – Cineva care primeste ceva prin 6R:CR+.

BENEFIT OF T'E BARGAIN RU#E  Rule which provides that a person may recover the difference
between the actual value of the property and the value that was represented.

(****) - Regula care spune ca o persoana poate recupera diferenta dintre valoarea actuala a unei proprietati si valaoarea carwe a fost
repre!entata.

BE&UEAT' – o leave someone something in a will.

A #ASA PRIN TESTAMENT – + lasa mostenire.

BE&UESTS – %hat you leave someone in a will.

TESTAMENT – Ceva lasat ca mostenire.

BEST EIDENCE * 6rimary proof the best proof available. "or e&ample, an srcinal letter is 7best
evidence,8 and a photocopy is 7secondary evidence.8

CEA MAI BUNA EIDENTA- 2ovada primara cea mai buna dovada disponibila. 2e e&empluN o scrisoare srcinala este
7cea mai buna dovada8, iar o fotocopie constituie dovada secundara.8

BE"OND A REASONAB#E DOUBT – he burden of proof in a criminal case requiring that the #ury be
convinced that every element of a crime has been proven by the prosecution.

(****) - /reutatea evidentei intr*un proces criminal, cerind ca #uriul sa fie convins ca fiecare element al infractiunii a fost dovedit
de catre +cu!are.

BIAS – + pre*conceived opinion or a predisposition to decide a cause or an issue a certain way.

TENDINTA – : opinie preconceputa sau predispo!itia de a decide intr*un ca!, intr*un anumit mod.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 09

BIFURCATE – o try issues separately, such as guilt and criminal responsibility in a criminal proceeding
or liability and damages in a civil action.

BIFURCARE – + #udeca situatiile separat, cum ar fi vinovatia si responsabilitatea criminala intr*un proces criminal sao obligatii si
pagube intr*un proces civil.

BIFURCATION MOTION – + request to change the order in which issues are heard at trial.

MOTIUNE DE BIFURCATIE (SEPARARE – Cerere de schimbare a ordinei in care sint #udecate problemele.

BI## OF PARTICU#ARS – + statement of the details of the charge made against the defendant.
(****) * : declaratie a acu!atiilor facute impotriva reclamatului.

BIND – o make yourself or someone else legally responsible for something.

(****) * + se face pe sine sau pe altcineva responsabil legal, pentru ceva.

BIND OER – + #udge5s decision before a trial that says there is enough evidence for a trial.

(****) * 2eci!ia unui #udecator, inainte de #udecata, care spune ca e&ista suficienta evidenta pentru #udecata.

B#OOD-A#CO'O# CONTENT (BAC * he measurement in grams of alcohol per 9AA

milliliters of blood or grams of alcohol per 09A liters of breath.

CONTINUTU# DE A#COO# IN SINGE – Masurarea in grame a alcoolului pe 9AA ml de singe sau grame de alcool pe 09A '
de respiratie.

B#OOD TEST – esting someoneFs blood sample toN (9) see how much of a certain chemical is in the
blood, (0) see who is the parent of a child.

TEST DE SINGE – estarea probei de singe a cuiva pentru aN (9) determina cantitatea unui anumit element chimic in singe,
(0) determina cine esta parintele unui copil.

BOD" ATTAC'MENT – + written order issued by a court directing a peace officer to take custody of
someone and bring them before the courtN 9) + witness who fails to comply with a subpoena, 0) a party who fails to comply with a
court order in a civil action, or ;) a material witness in a criminal case.

(****) * :rdin scris, eliberat de ribunal, prin care un :fiter este trimis sa ia pe cineva in custodie si sa il aduca la ribunal (9)
n martor care nu s*a supus unei citatii, (0) o parte care refu!a sa se supuna unui ordin al ribunalului intr*o actiune civila, sau
(;) o marturie materiala intr*un ca! criminal.

BONA FIDE – 4incere, real without fraud or deceit. Comes from the 'atin >in good faith.>

(****) * 4incer, real, fara frauda sau inselaciune. 6rovine din latina 7de buna credinta.8

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 00

BOND – + certificate or evidence of a debt.

(****) * Certificat sau evidenta a unei datorii.

BOO$ (BOO$ING – %hat the police do when they arrest someone. 1ncludes taking fingerprints,
photographs, and writing down personal information about the person.

(****) * Ceea ce face 6olitia cind arestea!a pe cineva. 1nclude luarea amprentelor, fotografii, si luarea in scris
a informatiei personale a unei persoane.

BOO$ING NUMBER – he number assigned to the criminal record that corresponds to the person5s
arrest.

(****) - <umarul atribuit registrului criminal care corespunde arestului unei persoane.

BOO$MA$ING – Collecting the bets of others or making odds on future gambling events.

(****) * Colectarea de pariuri sau facerea de pronosticuri pentru urmatoarele #ocuri de noroc.

BRAD" MOTION  + motion made by defense when they believe the 2istrict +ttorney has not turned
over e&culpatory and material evidence.

(****) - Motiune facuta de +parare cind se crede ca +vocatul de 2istrict nu a predat evidenta materiala si e&culpatorie (de
nevinovatie).

BRANDIS'ING A %EAPON – 4howing a weapon to another person, typically the police or the victim.

(****) - + arata altei persoane arma, de obicei 6olitiei sau victimei.

BREAC' – he breaking or violating of a law, right, obligation, or duty either by doing an act or failing to
do an act.

INCA#CARE – 3iolarea sau nerespectarea legii, a dreptului, obligatiei sau indatoririi, prin a face sau a nu face ceva.

BREAC' OF PEACE  -very person who unlawfully fights in a public place or willfully and maliciously
disturbs another person by loud and unreasonable noise, or in a public place, says offensive words to one or more persons which are
likely to start an immediate violent reaction.

PERTRBAREA #INISTII – :rice persoana care se cearta sau se bate ilegal, in public si deran#ea!a o alta persoana prin galagie
e&cesibila, in mod rautacios si voit, ori intr*un loc public, sau adresea!a cuvinte ofensatoare uneia sau mai multor persoane, care ar
putea sa determine o reactie violenta, imediata.

BREA$ING AND ENTERING * /oing into someone5s house at night with intent to commit a felony.

(****) - 1ntrarea in casa cuiva, in timpul noptii, cu intentia de a comite o infractiune.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0;

BREAT'A#"!ER TEST * esting someone5s breath to see how much alcohol is in their blood.

(****) * estarea respiratiei cuiva pentru a determina cantitatea de alcool din singele lor.

BRIBE – + gift, not necessarily of monetary value, given to influence the conduct of the receiver.

MITA – n cadou, nu neaparat cu valoare monetara, data cuiva pentru a influenta #udecata celui care o primeste.

BRIEF  + written statement that each side gives the court to say why the court should decide that they are
right.

(****) - 2eclaratie scrisa pe care o da fiecare parte la ribunal care spune de ce ar trebui ribunalul sa decida ca au dreptate.

BURDEN OF PROOF * %hen one person in the case has to prove more than the other person.

GREUTATEA EIDENTEI – Cind o persoana trebuie sa aduca mai multa dovada, la un ca!, decit o alta persoana.

BURG#AR" – %hen someone unlawfully breaks into or enters a building or home, and they intend to or
do commit a theft or other serious crime.

JAF – Cind o persoana intra in mod ilegal , nitr*o cladire sau o casa cu intentia de a fura sau cumite o infractiune serioasa.

B"STANDERS – + chance onlooker one who has no concern with the business being conducted.

SPECTATOR – Martor oca!ional cineva care este nepasator cu privire la desfasurarea unei afaceri.

CA#ENDAR – + list, in alphabetical order, of all the cases in each courtroom every day. >o calendar>
something means to give a day, time, and courtroom to a case.

AGENDA – 'ista , in ordine alfabetica, a tuturor ca!urilor din fiecare sala de #udecata, in fiecare !i. +
pune pe cineva pe calendar inseamna a desemna o !i, o ora, o sala de #udecata unui proces.

CA#IFORNIA RU#ES OF COURT – he rules for practices and procedures in CaliforniaFs state courts.

REGU#I DE TRIBUNA# IN CA#IFORNIA – Reguli pentru proceduri si practici in tribunalele de stat ale Californiei.

CA#JIC – C+'1":R<1+ $RO 1<4RC1:<4, CR1M1<+'.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0=

CA##ING T'E DOC$ET * he public calling of the docket or list of causes at the beginning of court, for setting a time for trial
or entering orders.

STRIGAREA RO#U#UI – 4trigarea publica a rolului sau listei de procese la inceputul sesiunii, pentru a desemna ora #udecatii sau
nitrarea ordinelor.

CAPACIT" – he person with the ability to perform under his or her will.

CAPACITATE – 6ersoana cu abilitatea de se manifesta in de acord cu propria*i vointa.

CAPITA# CASE * + criminal case where the defendant can get the death penalty.
CA! CAPITA# – Ca! criminal in care reclamatul poate fi condamnat la moarte.

CAPITA# CRIME * + crime punishable by death.

CRIMA CAPITA#A – : crima care se poate pedepsi cu moartea.

CAPITA# OFFENSE  + crime that you can get the death penalty for committing.

OFENSA CAPITA#A – Crima care poate fi pedepsita cu moartea.

CAPITA# PUNIS'MENT * 6unishment by death. (4ee 2-+D 6-<+'O.)

PEDEAPSA CAPITA#A  6edeapsa cu moartea.

CAPTION * %hat is written at the top of all papers (called >pleadings>) given to the court. 1t says things
like case name, court, and case number.

TIT#U – Ceea ce este scris pe partea de sus a oricarei hirtii (numite 7pledoarii8) date tribunalului repre!entind numele
ca!ului, rbunalul, numarul ca!ului.

CARJAC$ING – aking a motor vehicle that belongs to someone else against his will, by means of force
or fear.

(****) - 'uarea vehiculului cuiva, impotriva vointei lor, prin folosirea fortei sau infricosarii.

CASE – + lawsuit. :r a complaint filed in criminal, traffic, or civil court.

CA! – n proces legal. : plingere adusa infata unui tribunal criminal, de trafic, sau civil.

CASE FI#E – he folder that has official court papers for a case.

DOSARU# UNUI CA! – n dosar care contine toate documentele legale ale unui ca!.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0?

CASEF#O% MANAGEMENT – Dow a case is managed from the first paper filed to the final decision.

(****) * +dministrarea unui ca! incepind cu primul document pre!entat si pina la ultima deci!ie luata.

CASE ID – 1dentification number given to case by the court.

(****) * <umarul de identificare dat ca!ului d catre tribunal.

CASE #A% – 'aw made by earlier decisions in similar cases.

JURISPRUDENTA – 'ege elaborata prin deci!ii anterioare, in ca!uri similare.

CASE#OAD – he number of cases a #udge has in a specific time.

(****) * <umarul de ca!uri pe care le are un #udecator intr*un interval de timp.

CASE NUMBER – he number that identifies a case. his number is on all papers filed in the case. +lso
called >case 12.> +lso called 2:C- <MH-R.

NUMARU# DE CA! – <umarul care identifica un ca!. +cest numar se gaseste pe fiecare document apartinind ca!ului. 4e
numeste deasemeni 7case 12.8

CAUSATION – he act which causes something else to happen.

PRICINUIRE – n act care atrage dupa sine o intimplare.

CAUSE  + lawsuit, litigation, or action.

CA! – n proces, litigiu sau actiune.

CAUSE OF ACTION – he charges that make up the case or lawsuit. (4ee C:<4).

MOIU# ACTIUNII – +cu!atiile care duc la un ca! sau un proces.

CAUSTIC C'EMICA#S – Corrosive acid or flammable substance.

SUBSTANTE ACIDE – +cid coro!iv sau subtanta inflamabila.

CAUTIONAR" INSTRUCTIONS  %hen the #udge tells the #ury to consider certain evidence only for a
specific purpose.

INSTRUCTIUNI PREENTIE – Cind un #udecator cere #uriului sa considere anumite probe, cu un scop e&clusiv.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0@

CAEAT – + warning a note of caution.

(****) * +verti!are, nota de prevenire.

CAEAT EMPTOR * + theory that says you buy things at your own risk. Comes from the 'atin for >let
the buyer beware.>

(****) * eorie care spune ca iti cumperi lucruri pe propriul risc. 6rovine din latinaN 7cumparatorul sa fie atent.8

CEASE AND DESIST ORDER * +n order of an administrative agency or court prohibiting a person or

business from doing something.

(****) - :rdin al unei agentii administrative sau al unui tribunal care inter!ice unei persoane de a face ceva.

CERTIFICATE OF PROBAB#E CAUSE - +n order signed by the court granting a defendant the right
to appeal from a plea of guilty.

(****) - :rdin semnat de ribunal care permite unui reclamat sa faca recurs la incriminare.

CERTIFICATION * + #udge5s order to move a criminal case to another court in a different county.

(****) - :rdinul unui #udecator de a muta un ca! penal la un alt tribunal sau intr*un alt district.

CERTIFIED * 4aying that something is true or an e&act reproduction.

CERTIFICAT – + confirma ceva ca adevarat sau ca reproducere e&acta.

CERTIFIED COP" * +n official copy of a paper from a case file that is marked as being true, complete,
and a real copy of the srcinal legal case.

COPIE AUTENTIFICATA – Copie oficiala a unui document, intr*un proces, care se confirma a fi adevarata, completa si o
copie reala a procesului legal srcinal.

CERTIORI * +ppeal to .4. 4upreme Court.

(****) * +pel facut la R1H<+'' 46R-M +' 4..+.

C'AIN OF CUSTOD" * + method to track the whereabouts of evidence from the moment it is received
in custody until it is offered in court.

(****) * Metoda de supraveghere a evidentei din momentul in care este primita in custodie si pina cind este oferita la #udecata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0I

C'A##ENGE * 4omeone5s right to ob#ect to or fight something in a legal case.

RECU!ARE  2reptul cuiva de a obiecta sau contesta ceva, intr*un proces legal.

C'A##ENGE FOR CAUSE * Reasons that a lawyer gives for removing a #uror or #udge from a case.
(Compare with 6-R-M6:RO CD+''-</-.)

(****) - Motivele invocate de un avocat pentru inlaturarea unui #urat sau a unui #udecator, dintr*un proces legal.

C'A##ENGE TO T'E ARRA" * Questioning the qualifications of an entire #ury panel, usually on the
ground of partiality or some fault in the process of summoning the panel.

CONTESTAREA #ISTEI JURATI#OR – Contestarea calitatii de #urati, ba!ata pe partialitate sau o greseala facuta in procesul
de citare a listei de #urati.

C'AMBERS * + #udge5s private office.

CABINETU# JUDECATORU#UI – Hiroul personal al #udecatorului.

C'ANGE OF ENUE * %hen a civil or criminal case is moved from one court #urisdiction to another.
(4ee 3-<-).

SC'IMBAREA JURISDICTIEI – ransferul unui proces,criminal sau civil, de sub #urisdictia unui tribunal sub #urisdictia
altui tribunal.

C'ARACTER EIDENCE * -vidence pertaining to whether a criminal defendant is a good or bad

person.

CARACTER EIDENT – -videnta privitoare la caracterul bun sau rau,al unui reclamat.

C'ARGE * 1n criminal law, each thing the defendant is accused of. (4ee C:<).

ACU!ATIE – 1n Codul 6enal, fiecare lucru de care e acu!at reclamatul.

C'ARGE TO T'E JUR" * he #udge5s instructions to the #ury concerning the law that applies to the
facts of the case on trial.

DISCURS ADRESAT JURATI#OR – 1nsructiuni date #uriului de catre #udecator, referitoare la legea care se aplica faptelor in
procesul pe rol.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0B

C'ARGING DOCUMENT * + written accusation saying a defendant has committed an offense. 1ncludes
a citation, an indictment, information, and statement of charges.

DOCUMENT DE ACU!ARE – :rise acu!atie declarind ca reclamatul a comis un delict. 1nclude o citatie, acu!atie, informatie
si o declatratie a acu!atilor.

C'ATTE#  + piece of personal property.

AERE – : piesa din proprietatea personala.

C'IEF JUDGE * 6residing or +dministrative $udge in a court.

PRESEDINTE#E TRIBUNA#U#UI – $udecatorul administrativ sau care pre!idea!a ribunalul.

C'I#D ABUSE * Durting a child physically, se&ually or emotionally.

ABU!U# UNUI COPI# – 3atamareafi!ica, se&uala sau emotionala a unui copil.

C'I#D ABDUCTION – he offense of taking away a child by deceit and persuasion, or by violence.

RAPIREA NI COPI# – :fensa de luare a unui copil fie prin metode de convingere, fie prin violenta.

C'I#D MO#ESTATION * +ny form of indecent or se&ual activity on, involving, or surrounding a child
under the age of 9B.

MO#ESTAREA UNUI COPI# – :rice forma de activitate se&uala indecenta, asupra unui copil, implicindu*l pe copil sau
facuta in prea#ma unui copil, sub virsta de 9B ani.

C'I#D PORNOGRAP'" * +ny obscene material that depicts a person under the age of 9B years
personally engaging in or personally simulating se&ual conduct.

PORNOGRAFIE INFANTI#A – :rice material obscen care descrie o persoana sub virsta de 9B ani, anga#indu*se in sau
simulind un act se&ual.

C'I#D PROCUREMENT * 1ntentionally giving, transporting, providing, or making available or offering

to give, transport, provide, or make available a child under the age of 9@ for the purpose of any lewd or lascivious act. +lso causing,
inducing, or persuading a child under the age of 9@ to engage in any lewd or lascivious act with another person.

PRO)ENETISM – +da , a transporta, a furni!a sau a pune la dispo!itie a oferi sa dai , sa transporti, sa furni!!i, sau sa pui la
dispo!itia unui copil sub virsta de 9@ ani, in scopul unui act lascivios sau de desfrinare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 0K

C'I#D SUPPORT * Money paid by a parent to help support a child or children.

PENSIE A#IMENATARA – 4uma de bani platita de un parinte pentru suportul unui copil sau al mai multora.

C'I#D SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT (CSE AGENC" * +gency that e&ists in every state to find
parents that donFt have custody. (called >noncustodial parents,> or ><C6s>). :r to find a person assumed to
be the father of the child (76utative father8 or >6">). +lso, makes, enforces, and changes child support. Collects and gives out
child support money.

AGENTIE DE AP#ICARE A INTRETINERII COPI#U#UI – +gentie care se gaseste in fiecare 4tat si care gaseste parinti care nu
au custodie, (numiti parinti noncustodiali). + gasio persoana presupusa a fi
tatal copilului. 2e asemeni intareste si face schimbari in intrtinerea copilului. Colectea!a si trimite banii pentru intretinere.

CIRCUMSTANTIA# EIDENCE * +ll evidence that is indirect. estimony not based on actual personal
knowledge or observation of the facts in dispute.

(****) * oate dove!ile indirecte. Marturie care nu este ba!ata pe cunoastere sau observarea personala a faptelor, disputate.

CITATION * + C:R :R2-R or 4MM:<4 that tells a defendant what the charges are. +lso tells the
defendant to go to court andor post bail.

CITATIE – n ordin legal sau somatie care*l informea!a pe reclamat despre acu!atiile aduse. 2e asemeni,
il informea! pe reclamat sa mearga la tribunal sau sa plateasca garantie (cautiune).

CITED  %hen a defendant is not in custody, but has signed a ticket promising to go to court on a certain
day.

CITAT – Cind un reclamat nu se afla in custodie, dar a semnat un tichet promitind ca va merge la tribunal,
la o anumita data.

CII# ACTION * <oncriminal case in which one private individual or business sues another to protect,
enforce private or civil rights.

PROCES CII# – 6roces necriminal in care o pessoana pariculara sau un business da in #udecata pe altcineva pentru a se
prote#a, sau sa intareasca drepturi private sau civile.

CII# CASE * + lawsuit to get property back, to force someone to complete a contract, or to protect
someone5s civil rights.

PROCES CII# – +ctiune #uridica pentru returnarea proprietatii, silirea cuiva sa respecte un contract sau prote#area drepturilor
civile ale cuiva.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;A

CII# JURISDICTION  + courtFs right or power to hear noncriminal civil cases.

JURISDICTIE CII#A – 2reptul sau puterea unui tribunal de a audia ca!uri nepenal.

CII# PROCEDURE * he rules and process by which a civil case is tried and appealed, including the
preparations for trial, the rules of evidence and trial conduct, and the procedure for pursuing appeals.

PROCEDURA CII#A – Regulile si procedurile prin care un proces civil este #udecat si apelat, inclu!ind pregatirilepentru #udecata,
regulile de administrare a probelor si desfasurarea de!baterii, si procedura de apelare.

CII# PROCESS  Court papers that tell the people in a civil case that it has started. :r papers that try to
force the court to reach a #udgment.

PROCES CII# – 2ocument legal care instiintea!a persoana implicata intr*un proces civil despr inceperea acestuia.

CII# RIG'TS IO#ATIONS – 3iolations of the personal, natural rights guaranteed and protected by
the Constitution.

IO#AREA DREPTURI#OR CII#E – 3iolarea drepturilor personale, naturale garantate de

Constitutie.

C#AIM * he statement of a right to money or property.

REENDICARE – 2eclaratie a dreptului la bani sau proprietate.

C#AIM OF E)EMPTION  + court paper filed by the $2/M-< 2-H:R that lists each piece of
property that the #udgment debtor claims is an e&empt asset under certain provisions of the law and, therefore, canFt be taken to
pay the $2/M-<.

(****) * 2ocument legal pre!entat de 2-H1:R care enumera bunurile care prin anumite dispo!itii ale legii,
nu pot fi ipotecate.

C#AIM SP#ITTING  %hen you split up a civil claim and file two lawsuits to stay below the limit of
how much money you can ask for. <ot allowed in most cases.

(****) - 4epararea unei petitii civile in doua actiuni #urdice, pentru a ramine sub limita sumei pe care o poti cere. 1n cele mai multe
procese nu este admis.

C#ASS ACTION * + lawsuit brought by one or more persons on behalf of a larger group.

ACTIUNE DE MASA - +ctiune #uridica adusa de mai multe persoane, in numele unui grup e&tins.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;9

C#EAR AND CONINCING EIDENCE * 4tandard of proof commonly used in civil lawsuits and in regulatory agency cases. 1t
governs the amount of proof that must be offered in order for the plaintiff to win
the case.

EIDENTA INDUBITABI#A – ipul de evidenta folosit in mod comun in procesele civile si factorul de reglementare a practicilor
#udecatoresti. Reglementea!a numarul de probe care trebui sa fie pre!entate,
pentru ca reclamantul sa cistige procesul.

C#EMENC" OR E)ECUTIE C#EMENC" * +ct of grace or mercy by the president or governor to

ease the consequences of a criminal act, accusation, or conviction. 1t may take the form of commutation or
pardon.

(****) - +ct de gratiere sau clementa facut de presedinte sau guvernator pentru a diminua consecintele unui act penal, acu!atie sau
condamnare. 6oate lua forma de comutare sau iertare.

C#ERICA# ERROR * +n unintentional mistake, in writing, which may be made by clerk, counsel, or
court. (4ee <<C 6R: <C.)

EROARE SECRETARIA#A – /reseala neintentionata, in scris, care poate fi facuta de functionar, de avocat sau de tribunal.
(3e!i <<C 6R: <C.)

C#ER$ * :fficer of the court who files pleadings, motions, #udgments, etc., issues process, and keeps
records of court proceedings.

FUNCTIONAR – :fiter al ribunalului care inregistea!a de!bateri, motiuni, #udecati, etc., redactea!a procese si tine evidenta
procedurilor tribunalului.

C#ER$S TRANSCRIPT * hose pleadings, minute orders, affidavits, written opinions of the Court, trial
e&hibits, etc., designated by the attorneys which have been filed during the course of the litigation process are put together with the
appeal documents and collectively form the ClerkFs ranscript.

(****) * 6ledoariile, minuturile depo!itiile, opiniile scrise ale tribunalului, probe materiale ale #udecatii, etc., consemnate de avocati si
care au fost inregistrate in cursul desfasurarii procesului, sunt puse impreuna cu documentele de apel si impreuna formea!a .

C#OSING ARGUMENT * Counsel5s final statement to the #udgeand or #ury after all parties have
concluded their presentation of evidence.

ARGUMENTU# CONC#USI – Cuvintul final al avocatului, dupa ce toate partile si*au incheiat pre!entarea probelor.

CODE * he law created by statutes. "or e&ample, the California Code of Civil 6rocedure, California Civil
Code, California 3ehicle Code, California 6enal Code, and California Dealth and 4afety Code.

COD – 'egea creata prin statute. 2e e&empluN Codul de 6rocedura Civla al Californiei, Codul Civl al Californiei, Codul de
vehicole al Californiei, Codul 6enal al Californiei si Codul 4anatatii si 4igurantei californiei.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;0

CODE OF PROFESSIONA# RESPONSIBI#IT" * he rules of conduct that govern the legal profession. he Code contains
general ethical guidelines and specific rules written by the +merican Har +ssociation.

CODU# DE ETICA PROFESIONA#A – Reguli de conduita in institutia legislativa. Codul contine indrumari de etica generala
si reguli specifice elaborate de +sociatia Haroului +merican.

CO-DEFENDANT * 1n a criminal case, an individual charged with involvement in the same crime as
another.

CO-ACU!AT – n individ acu!at de implicarea in aceeasi infractiune cu altcineva, intr*un proces penal.

CODICI# (kod5i*sil) * + legal paper that adds to or changes a will.

(****) - 2ocument legal care adauga la, sau schimba un testament.

COERCION – Compulsion constraint compelling by force or arms or threat.

COERCITIUNE – Compulsie constringere fortarea inarmata sau prin amenintare.

CONFIDENTIA# RECORD  1nformation in a court case that is not available to the public.

INFORMATIE CONFIDENTIA#A – 1nformatie, intr*un proces, care nu este accesibila publicului.

CONFIDENTIA#IT" – reated as private and not for publication.

CONFIDENTIA#ITATE – 2e natura privata, nu pentru acces public.

CONFISCATE * o sei!e or take private property for public use (the police took the weapon).

CONFISCA – 'uarea proprietatii cuiva pentru folos public. (6olitia a luat arma).

CONF#ICT OF INTEREST * %hen you have two different interests at the same time. "or e&ample, a
lawyer who represents two sides at the same time can5t be fair.

CONF#ICT DE INTERESE – Cind ai doua interese diferite deodata. 2e e&empluN un avocat care repre!inta doua parti, in
acelasi timp, nu poate fi drept.

CONFORM COPIES - o make copies identical to an srcinal e.g., copies with duplicate signatures,
duplicate dates.

COPII IDENTICE – + face copii identice cu srcinalul e&N copii cu semnatura in duplicat, date in duplicat.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;;

CONFRONTATION RIG'T  2efendantFs right to be face*to*face with the witnesses against him or her.
1t generally includes the right to ask questions and ob#ect, and to have witnesses testify in person.

DREPT DE CONFRUNTARE – 2reptul acu!atului de a sta fata in fata cu martorul acu!arii. 1n general, include dreptul de a pune
intrebarisi a obiecta si a avea martorii in persoana.

CONSANGUINIT" – CO##ATERA# - he relationship that e&ists between persons who have the same
ancestors, but who do not descend, or ascend, one from the other as between uncle and nephew.

COSANGUINITATE CO#ATERA#A – relatia care e&ista intrepersoane care au aceeasi ascendenti, dar care nu asced sau nu
descind unul dintr*altul e&Nunchi si nepot.

CONSANGUINIT" – #INEA# - he relationship that e&ists persons of whom one is descended in a
direct line from the other, as between son, father, grandfather, and so upwards in the direct ascending line
or between son, grandson, great*grandson, and so downwards in the direct descending line.

COSANGUINITATE #INEARA – Relatia care e&ista intre persoane, in care unul descinde in linie directa din celalat, ca si
intre fiu, tata, bunic, si asa mai departe in linie ascendenta sau intre fiu, nepot, stranepot, si asa mai departe, in linie direct
descendenta.

CONSECUTIE SENTENCES * 4uccessive sentences, one beginning at the end of another, imposed
against a person convicted of two or more violations.

SENTINTE SUCCESIE – 4entinte care incep una la sfirsitul celeilalte, impuse unei persoane condamnata de una sau
mai multe violari.

CONSERATEE - 4omeone who can5t take care of themselves and has a caretaker (called the
>C:<4-R3+:R>) who the court picked.
(****) - Cineva care nu se poate ingri#i pe sine si are ingri#itor, ales de ribunal.

CONSERATOR - 4omeone picked by the court to either take care of someone who can5t take care of
themselves (called a >C:<4-R3+-->) or take care of that person5s property , or both.

(****) - Cineva ales de ribunal, fie sa ingri#easca pe cineva incapabil sa se ingri#easca pe sine, fie sa ingri#easca de proprietatea
acestuia.

CONSERATORS'IP * + court proceeding where a #udge picks someone (a conservator) to take care of
an adult5s personal needs andor his or her finances. "or minors, see /+R21+<4D16.

(****) * 6rocedura #uridica in care #udecatorul alege pe cineva sa aiba gri#a de nevoile personale ale unui adult, sau de finantele
luiei. 6entru minori, ve!i :R-.

CONSENT – + written agreement to obey a decision or deal.

CONSIMTAMINT – n anga#ament scris de a respecta o deci!ie sau o intelegere.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;=

CONSIDERATION * he cause, price, or impelling influence which makes a party enter into a contract.

CONSIDERARE – Cau!a, pretul sau influenta determinanta care face ca o parte sa intre intr*un contract.

CONSO#IDATION OF ACTIONS – %hen at least two cases that involve the same people are grouped
together.

CONSO#IDARE DE ACTIUNI – Cind cel putin doua ca!uri care implica aceiasi oaemni, sint grupate impreuna.

CONSORTIUM, #OSS OF – nable to have a se&ual relationship between a husband and a wife.

PIERDEREA CONSORTIU#UI – 1ncapacitatea de a avea relatii se&uale intre sot si sotie.

CONSPIRAC"  %here two or more persons intentionally agree to commit crime and do an act towards
committing the crime.

CONSPIRATIE – Cind doua sau mai multe persoane intentionea!a, in de acord, sa comita o infractiune, sau sa comita un act in
scopul acesta.

CONSTRUCTIE POSSESSION * %here a person does not actually possess a thing, but knowingly has
control over it.

(****) - Cind o persoana nu poseda un lucru dar are control, in mod constient, asupra lui.

CONSTITUTION  he central law of our country that sets up the creation, character, and organi!ation of
its power and how that power is e&ercised. he rule, principles, descriptions of the governmentFs power, and the main rights that the
people of a country or state have.

CONSTITUTIE – 'egea centrala a tarii noaster care stabileste creerea, caracterul, si organi!area puterii ei,
si cum este e&ercitata puterea. 'egea, principiile, descrierea puterii guvernului, si dreprurile principale pe care le are populatia unei
tari sau stat.

CONSTITUTIONA# RIG'T * + right guaranteed by the . 4. Constitution, interpreted by the federal

courts also, a right guaranteed by some other constitution (such as a state constitution).

DREPT CONSTITUTIONA# – 2rept garantat de catre Constitutia 4tatelor nite, interpretate de curtile federale, de asemeni, drept
garantat printr*o alta constitutie (e&N constitutia statului).

CONTEMNOR - :ne who has committed contempt of court.

(****) * Cineva care sfidea!a curtea.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;?

CONTEMPORAR" COMMUNIT" STANDARD – %hat is, ob#ectively acceptable to the community
as a whole. +scertainment of the standard must be based upon an ob#ective determination of what is unacceptable to the
community as a whole. Oour own personal, social, or moral views on the material involved in the case may not be considered.

(****) - Ceea ce ese in mod obiectiv acceptat de comunitate in ansamblu. 4tabilirea standardului trebuie sa
fie ba!at pe o o determinare obiectiva a ce este inacceptabil , in nasamblu de catre comunitate. 3ederile personale, sociale, sau
morale asupra materialului implicat, s*ar putea sa nu fie cosiderat.

CONTEMPT (OF COURT * 2isobeying a court order. 6unishment can be a fine or #ail.

SFIDARE – 1gnorarea ordinului tribunalului. 6edeapsa poate fi amenda sau inchisoarea.

CONTINUANCE * 6utting off a court case to a later date. (4ee +2$:R<M-<).

AMINARE – Reprogramarea unui proces pentru o data viitoare.

CONTINUING E)C#USIE JURISDICTION  heory that only one support order should be valid
between the same people at a time. +nd when a court hears a child support case, it can add to and change
that order. he court of continuing e&clusive #urisdiction has control over a support case until another court takes it away. his is
defined in the niform 1nterstate "amily 4upport +ct (1"4+).

(****) * eoria ca numai un singur ordin de suport ar trebui sa fie valabil intre aceleasi persoane, la un
moment dat. 1ntr*un proces pentru pensia alimentara a copilului, tribunalul poate sa adauge sau sa schimbe acel ordin. $urisdictia
permanenta si e&clusiva a tribunalului are control asupra procesului de suport pina
cind este luat de un alt tribunal. +cesta este definit in 1"4+.

CONTRACT * (9) an agreement between two or more people to do or not to do a particular thing (0) an
agreement between two or more people that makes, changes, or ends a legal relationship.

(****) - (9) 1ntelegerea dintre doua sau mai multe persoane de a face sau a nu face ceva anume (0)
intelegere dintre doua sau mai multe persoane care face , schimba sau incheie o relatie legala.

CONTRIBUTOR" NEG#IGENCE * + legal doctrine that says if the plaintiff in a civil action for
negligence also was negligent, in any way, he or she cannot recover damages from the defendant for the defendant5s negligence.

NEG#IJENTA CONTRIBUTORIE – 2octrina legala care intr*o actiune civila de negli#enta, spune ca daca reclamantul a fost
de asemeni negli#ent, in orice masura, el sau ea nu poate recupera pagubele de la reclamat, datorate negli#entei reclamatului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;@

CONTRO##ED SUBSTANCES  +ny drug identified by law whose availability is restricted. nless otherwise specified, a drug,
substance, or immediate precursor which is listed in any schedule in Dealth E 4afety Code sections 99A?=, 99A??, 99A?@, 99A?I or
99A?B.

(****) * :rice medicament identificat prin lege, al carei accesibilitate este limitata. 2aca nu este mentionat altfel, un medicament,
substanta sau precursor imediat care este enumerat pe orice programa in Codul 4anatatii si 4igurantei, sectiileN99A?=, 99A??, 99A?@,
99A?I or 99A?B.

CONERSION - he wrongful assumption of ownership over the goods or personal property belonging to
another.

CONERTIRE – 1nsusirea ilegala a bunurilor sau preprietatii personale apartinind altcuiva.

CONE"  (9) to give the title to property to someone else. (0) to make known or communicate.

TRANSFERA – (9) + da dreptul de proprietate altcuiva. (0) a transmite, a comunica.

CONICT * (9) + person who has been found guilty of a crime and is serving a sentence for that crime a
prison inmate. (0) o find a person guilty of an offense by either a trial or a plea of guilty.

CONDAMNAT  (9) 6ersoana care a fost gasita vinovata de o infractiune, si serveste o sentinta pentru infractiunea respectiva
un intemnitat. (0) + gasi o persoana, vinovata de o ofensa fie prin #udecare sau declaratie de vinovatie.

CONICTION * %hen a #udge or #ury finds a criminal defendant guilty.

CONDAMNARE – Cind un #udecator sau un corp de #urati il gaseste pe acu!at, vinovat.

CORONER * 6ublic official charged to inquire into the causes and circumstances of any death which
occurs through violence or suddenly (suspicious causes).

PROCUROR – +utoritate publica insarcinata sa anchete!e cau!ele si circumstantele unui deces subit sau prin violenta. (Cua!e
suspecte).

CORPORATION - + group of persons who get a charter granting them as a body certain legal powers,
rights, privileges, and liabilities as an individual.

CORPORATIE – n grup de persoane carora li se garantea!a puteri legale ca si corp, drepturi, privilegii
si responsabilitati ca si indivi!i, printr*o carta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;I

CORPUS DE#ECTI * Hody of the crime. he ob#ective proof that a crime has been committed. 1t sometimes refers to the body of
the victim of a homicide or to the charred remains of a burned house, but
the term has a broader meaning. "or the state to introduce a confession or to convict the accused, it must prove the occurrence of a
specific in#ury or loss and a criminal act was the source of that particular in#ury
or loss.

CORP DE#ICT – :biectul crimei. 2ovada obiectiva ca o infractiune a fost comisa. neori se refera la trupul victimei unei
omucideri, sau la ramasitele carboni!ate ale unei case arse, dar termenul are o insemnatate mai larga. 6entru ca statul sa introduca o
marturie sau sa condamne acu!atul, trebuie sa dovedeasca faptul ca o anume vatamare sau pierdere si un act cirminal, a fost sursa
acelei vatamari sau pierderi.

CORROBORATE * o support with evidence or authority make more certain.

COROBORA – + sustine prin evidenta sau autoritate a stabili cu certitudine.

CORROBORATING EIDENCE * 4upplementary evidence that tends to strengthen or confirm the

initial evidence.

EIDENTA COROBORANTA – -videnta suplimentara care tinde sa intareasca sau sa confirme evidenta initiala.

CORROBORATION * Confirmation or support of a witness5 statement or other fact.

COROBORARE – Confirmarea suportului declaratiei unui martor sau alt fapt.

CORRUPT#" * 2ishonestly.

CORUPT – <ecinstit.

COSTS * (9) "ees and charges that a party pays to file and present a court case or to enforce a #udgment
(0) money won in a civil suit to pay for e&penses.

C'E#TUIE#I DE JUDECATA – (1 a&e pe care le plateste o persoana pentru a deschide un proces legal sau a impune o
sentinta (0) bani cistigati intr*un proces civil pentru a plati cheltuielile.

COUNSE# * :ne or more lawyers who represent a client. +lso, legal advice. (4ee +:R<-O).

AOCAT – nul sau mai multi avocati care repre!inta un client. 2e asemeni sfat legal.

COUNSE# TAB#E * he physical location where the defense and prosecuting parties are seated during
the trial.

MASA AOCATI#OR – 'ocul propriu*!is unde sint ase!ate partea acu!arii si cea a apararii, in timpul procesului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;B

COUNT * -ach separate charge (or statement) in a criminal case. (4ee CD+R/-).

CAPAT DE ACU!ARE – "iecare acu!atie (sau declaratie) intr*un proces penal.

COUNTERC#AIM * +n independent charge by one side in a case (either the plaintiff or defendant) that
goes against the claim made by the other side.

CONTRAPRETENTIE - +cu!atie independenta facuta de una din parti (fie de reclamant sau de reclamat), facuta impotriva
acu!atiei celeilalte parti.

COUNTERFEIT * o forge, to copy or imitate, without authority or right, and with the purpose to deceive
by passing off the copy as genuine.

FA#SIFICA – + plastografia, copia sau imita, fara autori!are sau drept, in scopul de a insela prin a pretin!ind ca o copie este
de fapt srcinalul.

COUNT" JAI# * + building or structure used to put alleged criminals andor convicted criminals of local
area crimes.

INC'ISOARE #OCA#A - : cladire sau edificiu folosit pentru detentia presupusii inculpati sau condamnatii care au comis
infractiunea in aria locala.

COURT * + #udge or group of #udges whose #ob is to hear cases and carry out #ustice. (4ee H-<CD.)

JUDECATORIE – $udecator sau grup de #udecatori a caror sarcina este sa #udece ca!uri si sa aplice dreptatea.

* hese are volunteers who represent abused and

COURT APPOINTED SPECIA# ADOCATES (CASA
neglected children.

(****) * 3oluntari care repre!inta copii abu!ati si negli#ati.

COURT ATTENDANT * 6rovide courtroom support in selected courtrooms by performing limited

security*related and clerical duties and serving as the court liaison for #uries, witnesses, attorneys and the public.

FUNCTIONAR A# TRIBUNA#U#UI – 6ersoana care, in cadrul tribunalului, indeplineste anumite sarcini secretariale si de
securitate, si serveste de legatura intre #urati, martori, avocati si public.

COURT ADMINISTRATORC#ER$ OF COURT * +n officer appointed by the Court or elected to

oversee the administrative, non*#udicial activities of the court.

FUNCTIONAR A# TRIBUNA#U#UI – :fiter numit de tribunal sau ales sa supraveghe!e activitatile administrative, non*
#udecatoresti ale tribunalului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ;K

COURT APPOINTED COUNSE# * + defense attorney assigned by the court to represent a defendant who cannot afford to hire
an attorney.

AOCAT DIN OFICIU – +vocat al apararii desemnat de tribunal sa repre!inte pe cineva care nu*si poate permite sa anga#e!e un
avocat.

COURT COSTS* he e&penses of prosecuting or defending a lawsuit, other than the attorneys5 fees. +n amount of
money may be awarded to the successful party (and may be recoverable from the losing party) as reimbursement for court costs.

C'E#TUIE#I DE JUDECATA – Costurile comportate de acu!are si aparare, intr*un proces leagal, pe linga ta&ele avocatului. :
suma de abni care poate fi acordata partii cistigatoare (si care poate fi recuperata
de la partea care a pierdut), ca rambursare pentru cheltuielile de #udecata.

COURT OF RECORD * + court in which the proceedings are recorded, transcribed, and maintained as
permanent records.

REGISTRATURA – $udecatoria la care procedurile sint inregistrate, transcrise, si mentinute ca registre permanente.

COURT ORDER * + decision made by a #udicial officer that gives someone certain rights or tells
someone to do something.

ORDONANTA JUDECATOREASCA – 2eci!ie facuta de un ofiter #udiciar care da cuiv anumite drepturi, sau ordona cuiva
sa faca ceva.

COURT REPORTER * 4omeone who writes down, word for word, what is said in court. %hat is
recorded is called a R+<4CR16.

GREFIER – Cineva care scrie cuvint de cuvint, ce se spune intr*un proces. Ceea ce se inregistrea!a este numit 2:CM-<.

COURT TRIA# * + trial without a #ury. + #udge decides the case.

PROCES DE JUDECATA – 6roces legal fara #urati. $udecatorul decide ca!ul.

COURT, APPEA#S * 1n some states, the highest appellate court, where it is the Court5s decision whether
to hear the case.

(****) * 1n unele state, cea mai inalta curte de apel, unde se stabileste de catre curte daca se va #udeca un ca! sau nu.

COURT, DISTRICT * (9) "ederal * + trial court with general "ederal #urisdiction. (0) 4tate * Meaning
varies from state to state.

DISTRICT JUDECATORESC – (9) "ederal* $udecatorie cu #urisdictie federala. (0) 4tat* Cu insemnatate diferita de la stat la stat.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =A

COURT, JUENI#E * + court having #urisdiction over cases involving children under a specified age, usually 9B. Cases generally
involve delinquent, dependent, and neglected children.

TRIBUNA# JUENI# – ribunal cu #urisdictie asupra ca!urilor implicind copii de o anumita virsta, de obicei 9B ani. Ca!urile
implica de obicei copii delicventi, dependenti si negli#ati.

COURT, NIG'T * + speciali!ed court that deals with cases during the late evening and early morning
hours.

(****) * $udecatorie speciala care are de*a face cu procese in timpul orelor de seara tir!iu sau dimineata de vreme.

COURT, SUPERIOR * rial court meaning varies from state to state.

CURTE SUPERIOARA – $udecatorie insemnatatea difera de la stat la stat.

COURT, TRAFFIC * + speciali!ed court that hears crimes dealing with traffic offenses.

(****) * $udecatorie speciala care #udeca infractiuni legate de trafic.

COURTES" NOTICE * + notice made by a computer that is usually sent for traffic violations to tell a
defendant about a court date, bail, etc.

NOTA DE CURTOA!IE – <ota generata de computer trimisa, de obicei, pentru violari de trafic, informind vinovatul despre
data procesului, despre cautiune, etc.

COURTROOM * he section of a courthouse in which the #udge presides over the proceedings.
SA#A DE TRIBUNA# – 4ectiunea unei #udecatorii unde #udecatorul pre!idea!a procedurile.

COURTROOM C#ER$ * Courtroom personnel who attends court sessions and prepares record of court
proceedings in conformance with statutes, policies, and the direction of a $udge swears in witnesses and #uries maintains e&hibits
offered in evidence.

FUNCTIONAR JUDECATORESC – 6ersonal care a#uta in desfasurarea sesiunulor de #udecata si pregateste procedurile de
#udecata in conformitate cu statute, reguli si instructiunile unui #udecator defereste #uramintul martorilor, #uratilor pastrea!a
probele materiale oferite ca evidente.

CREDIBI#IT" * he quality in a witness which makes his or her testimony believable.

CREDIBI#ITATE – Calitatea care face marturia cuiva plau!ibila.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =9

CREDIT – +rrangement or understanding by the maker of a check with the personinstitution upon which the order is drawn, for the
payment of that check upon its presentation.

(****) - +ran#amentul sau intelegerea facuta de cel care pre!inta un cec, cu persoana  institutia, de la care
se trage fondul, pentru plata cec*ului, la pre!entare.

CRIME * 4omething you do, or don5t do, that breaks a law. 1f you are found guilty, you can be punished byN death #ail
or prison fine being removed from office being unable to hold any office of honor, trust, or profit.

INFRACTIUNE – Ceva ce faci sau nu faci prin care se incalca legea. 2aca esti gasit vinovat, poti fi pedepsit cuN moartea
inchisoare pe viata, amenda concedierea din functie incapacitatea de a mai avea o functie sau titlu, credibilitate sau profit.

CRIMINA# CASE * + court case that starts because of a crime.

PROCES PENA# – n proces legal care are loc din cau!a comiterii unei ifractiuni.

CRIMINA# CONDUCT – T he nature of or involving a crime.

CONDUITA PENA#A – <atura unei infractiuni sau ceea ce implica o infractiune.

CRIMINA# INSANIT" * 'ack of mental ability to do or keep from doing a particular act not able to
distinguish right from wrong.

NEG#IJENTA PENA#A – +ct(e) grav, neatent sau flagrant care in contrast cu conduita unei persoane normale, prudente, in
impre#urari similare, negli#ea!a respectul pentru viata umana sau este indeferent fata
de consecintele acestor acte.

CRIMINA# RECORD * (9) +rrest record. + written account listing all the instances in which a person
has been arrested. (0) + form completed by a police officer when a person is arrested.

DOCUMENT PENA# – (9) 2ocumentul de arest. n document care inregistrea!a toate circumstantele in care a fost arestata o
persoana. (0) n formular completat de un organ de politie la arestarea unei persoane.

CRIMINA# STREET GANG * +n ongoing organi!ation, association, or group of three or more persons,
having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more criminal acts, having a common
name or common identifying sign or symbol, and whose members individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern
of criminal gang activity.

(****) * n grup organi!at format din trei sau mai multe persoane care au ca activitate primordiala comiterea uneia sau mai multor
infractiuni,si care au un nume comun, sau un semn sau simbol distinctiv, si al carui membri se anga#e!a in mod individual sau colectiv
intr*o activitate de natura penala.

CRIMINA# SUMMONS * +n order commanding an accused to appear in court.

ORDINE PENA#E – :rdin care il obliga pe un acu!at sa se pre!inte la #udecata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =0

CROSS-C#AIM * + claim filed by defendant(s) or plaintiff(s) against each other.

P#INGERE RECIPROCA – 6lingere facuta de reclamat(i), sau reclamant(i), unul impotriva celuilalt.

CROSS-E)AMINATION * %hen the other side5s lawyer asks a witness questions in a hearing or trial.

(****) - Cind avocatul partii opuse chestionea!a un martor, intr*un proces.

CUMU#ATIE SENTENCES * 4entences for two or more crimes to run a consecutively, rather than
concurrently. (4ee C:<CRR-< 4-<-<C-4 +<2 C:<4-C13- 4-<-<C-4.)

SENTINTE CUMU#ATIE – 4entinte pentru doua sau mai multe infractiuni care se ispasesc consecutiv
si nu concomitent.

CUSTODIA# PARENT  he parent that has primary care, custody, and control of the child(ren).

(****) - 6arintele care este insarcinat cu ingri#irea, custodia si controlul copiluluicopiilor.

CUSTOD"* (9) %hen someone is under the physical control of the court to make sure they go to court when they5re
supposed to (0) when the #udge sends a person to #ail after they are found guilty of a crime (;) the care and control of children.

CUSTODIE  (9) Cind cineva este fi!ic sub supravegherea tribunalului pentru a se asigura ca acesta se va pre!enta la #udecata, la
timp (0) cind #udecatorul trimite o persoana la inchisoare dupa ce a fost gasita vinovata de o infractiune. (;) ingri#irea  supravegherea
copilului.

CUSTOD" ORDER * + court order that says who a child will live with and who should make decisions

about health care, education, and other important things.

ORDIN DE CUSTODIE – :rdin #udecatoresc care spune cu cine va trai copilul, cine va lua deci!ii cu privire la ingri#irea
medicala, educatia alte lucruri importante.

CUSTOM – + usage or practice of the people, which, by common adoption and acquiescence, has become
compulsory.

OBICEI – 6ractici si deprinderi care prin adoptare si consimtamint au devenit obligatorii.

DAMAGES * Money that the losing side must pay to the winning side to make up for losses or in#uries.
here are two kinds of damagesN (9) >compensatory,> meaning money to pay for the actual cost of an in#ury
or loss and (0) >punitive> or >e&emplary,> meaning an amount of money that5s more than the actual damages. his is a
punishment for willful or malicious acts.

DAUNE – Hani platiti decatre partea care pierde, partii cistigatoare, pentru a compensa pagubele si pre#udiciile. 4int doua feluri de
dauneN (9) 8compensatorie8 repre!entind bani platiti pentru costul actual al pre#udiciilor si pagubelor (0) 7punitiva8 sau 7e&emplara8
insemnind o suma de bani mai mare decit actuala paguba. +ceasta este o pedeapsa pentru acte voite si rautacioase.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =;

DEAD#" %EAPON – +ny weapon, instrument or ob#ect that is capable of being used to inflict death or great bodily in#ury.

ARMA MORTA#A – :rice arma , instrument sau obiect care poate fi folosit in cau!area mortii sau unei vatamari fi!ice serioase.

DEAT' PENA#T" * 2eath imposed by the state as punishment for a serious crime. (4ee C+61+'
6<14DM-<.)

PEDEAPSA CU MOARTEA – Moartea impusa de stat ca pedeapsa pentru o infractiune serioasa. (3e!i
6-2-+64+ C+61+'+).

DEAT' RO% * he area of a state or federal prison where criminals who are sentenced to death are
confined until their sentence is commuted or carried out.

(****) * Jona unei inchisori federale sau de stat unde criminalii condamnati la moarte sint tinuti pina cind sentinta le este fie
comutata sau e&ecutata.

DECEDENT – 1n criminal law, it means a murder victim in probate law, it means a dead person.

DEFUNCT - 1n legea penala, inseamna victima crimei in legea probatorie inseamna o persoana moarta.

DECISION * + court5s #udgment or decree that settles a dispute. (4ee also 2-CR--, $2/M-<.)

DECI!IE – 3erdictul sau sentinta care clarifica o disputa.

DEC#ARATION - + statement that a person writes and files with the court. 1t tells the #udge why the
person should win the case. 4ometimes, a person signs this under penalty of per#ury.

DEC#ARATIE – +ct scris pe care o persoana il pre!inta la #udecatorie. +cesta il informea!a pe #udecator
de ce crede persoana ca trebuie sa cistige ca!ul. neori, o persoana trebuie sa semne!e acest act sub #uramint.

DEC#ARATION OF PATERNIT"  "orm signed by unmarried parents, generally at the hospital, where
the parents declare who is the father of the child.

DEC#ARATIE DE PATERNITATE – "ormular semnat de parintii necasatoriti, in general la spital, in care parintii declara cine
este tatal copilului.

DEC#ARATOR" JUDGMENT * + #udgment of the court that e&plains what the e&isting law is or
e&presses the opinion of the court without the need for enforcement.

(****) - 2eci!ie a tribunalului care e&plica semnificatia legii, sau e&prima opinia tribunalului fara a o impune.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ==

DECREE * + court decision. 1t can be (9) >interlocutory,> which means it is not a final decision, or (0) >final,> which means all
issues of the case are settled.

DECRET  2eci!ie #udecatoreasca. 6oate sa fie (9) 7interlocutorie8, care inseamna ca nu este o deci!ie definitiva, sau (0) 7finala8
care inseamna ca toate problemele s*au clarificat.

DE FACTO PARENT  + person found by the court to have assumed, on a day*to*day basis, the role of
parent, fulfilling both the child5s physical and psychological needs for care and affection, and who has assumed that role for a
substantial period.

PARINTE DE FAPT – 6ersoana gasita de catre #udecatorie de a*si fi asumat rolul de parinte, indeplinind nevoile fi!ice si psihologice

de ingri#ire si afectiune, si care si*a asumat rolul acela pentru o perioada indelungata de timp.

DE FACTO * o e&ercise power in a #uvenile dependency case. 'atin meaning >from the fact.>

(****) – + e&ercita putere intr*un ca! de dependenta #uvenila. 1nsemnatatea latinaN7de fapt.8

DEFAMATION * %hen one person hurts another person5s character, fame, or reputation by making false
and malicious statements that are not protected by law.

DEFAIMARE – Cind o persoana denigrea!a caracterul unei persoane, faima sau reputatia, facind decalratii rautacioase care
nu sint prote#ate prin lege.

DEFAU#T * %hen a defendant in a civil case doesn5t file an answer or go to court when they5re supposed
to, but was properly notified.

IN #IPSA –
a fost anuntat.Cind un reclamat nu raspunde intr*un proces civil sau nu se pre!inta la #udacata cind trebuie si

* + court decision in favor of the plaintiff when the defendant doesn5t answer or go to court
DEFAU#T JUDGMENT
when they5re supposed to.

JUDECATA IN #IPSA – 2eci!ia unui tribunal, in favoarea reclamantului, cind reclamatul nu raspunde sau nu se pre!inta la
tribunal, la data stabilita.

DEFENDANT * 1n a civil case, the person or company being sued. 1n a criminal or traffic case, the person
accused of the crime.

REC#AMAT – 1ntr*un proces civil, persoana sau compania care est data in #udcata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =?

DEFENSE * 1n a civil case, the facts or arguments presented by the defendant to show why the plaintiff doesn5t have a right to
the relief asked for. 1n a criminal case, the reasons why a defendant should not be convicted of the charge(s).

APARARE – 1ntr*un ca! civil, faptele sau argumentele pre!entate de reclamat pentru a arata motivul
pentru care reclamantul nu are dreptate. 1ntr*un ca! civil, motivele pentru care reclamatul nu trebuie sa fie condamnat pe ba!a
acu!atiilor.

DEFENSE ATTORNE" * 1n a criminal case, the lawyer that represents the accused person (called the
>defendant>).

AOCATU# APARARII – 1ntr*un ca! criminal, avocatul care il repre!inta pe acu!at, (numit reclamat).

DEFRAUD  o make a misrepresentation of an e&isting material fact, knowing it to be false or making it

recklessly without regard to whether it is true or false. o practice fraud to cheat or trick. o deprive a person of property or any
interest, estate, or right by fraud, deceit or artifice.

ESCROCA - + repre!enta fals un fapt material, stiind ca este fals sau repr!entindu*l in mod negli#ent, netinind seama daca este
adevarat sau fals. + practica frauda a insela sau pacali. + priva o persoana de proprietate, de profit, avere sau drept, prin frauda,
inselaciune sau siretenie.

DEGREE * 4cope of an action or charge.

GRAD – 6roportia unei actiuni sau acu!atii.

DE#IBERATE * o consider all the evidence and arguments related to a case that were presented in court.

DE#IBERA – 'uarea in consideratie a tuturor evidentelor si argumentelor legate de un ca!, care au fost pre!entate la #udecata.

DE#IBERATION * %hen a #ury, for either a civil or criminal case, goes into the #ury room to discuss the
evidence and testimony and reach a verdict.

DE#IBERARE – Cind un #uriu intra in camara #uratilor pentru a discuta evidentele si marturia si a a#unge
la un verdict, fie intr*un ca! civil sau criminal.

DE#IN&UENC" COURT * he division of the $uvenile Court hearing cases where #uveniles have been
charged with committing a crime.

TRIBBUNA# DE#INCENT – 2ivi!iune a ribunalului $uvenil pentru #udecare a ca!urilor in care persoane #uvenile au fost
acu!ate de comiterea unei infractiuni.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =@

DE#IN&UENC", JUENI#E * +ntisocial behavior by a minor especially behavior that would be criminally punishable if the minor
were an adult, but instead is usually punished by special laws pertaining only to minors.

DE#INCENTA JUEN I#A – Comportamentul antisocial al unui minor in special un comportament care s*ar solda cu
condamnare daca minorul ar fi fost adult, dar este in schimb pedepsit de o lege speciala care se aplica numai la minori.

DEMURRER * %hen a defendant says the facts presented by a plaintiff may be true, but they aren5t
enough to prove the defendant5s legal responsibility.

INTIMPINARE – Cind reclamatul spune ca faptele pre!entate de catre reclamant ar fi adevarate dar, nu sint suficiente pentru a
dovedi responsabilitatea legala a reclamatului.

DENNIS '.  + hearing to determine if there is sufficient evidence to sustain a #uvenile court petition.

(****) * : #udecata care hotareste daca e&ista suficienta evidenta pentru sustinerea unei petitii #uvenile, la tribunal.

DE NOO * 4tarting a case all over again as if it had not been heard before. 1n 'atin, novo means >new.>
(4ee R1+' 2- <:3:.)

DIN NOU –Re#udecarea unui ca! de la inceput, ca si cind nu ar fi fost niciodata #udecat inainte. 1n latina
novo inseamna nou.

DEPENDENC" COURT * he division of the $uvenile Court hearing cases of child abuse and neglect.

(****) - 2ivi!iunea ribunalului $uvenil care #udeca procesele de abu! si negli#are a copilului.

DEPENDENT C'I#D * 1n family law, this usually means a child that is financially supported by another
person. 1n #uvenile law, this means a minor that is in the custody of the court because he or she was abused, neglected, or molested or is
physically dangerous to the public because of a mental or physical disorder.

COPI# DEPENDENT – 1n legea familiei , aceasta inseamna de obicei cind copilul este sustinut financiar
de o alta persoana. 1n legea #uvenila, aceasta inseamna un minor care se afla in custodia unui tribunal
pentru ca a fost abu!at, negli#at sau molestat, sau este fi!ic periculos pentru public din cau!a unei tulburari mentale sau fi!ice.

DEPORTATION * he act of removing a person to another country. :rder issued by an immigration
#udge, e&pelling an illegal resident from the nited 4tates. + deportation has certain consequences
regarding the number of years within which a deportee may not legally immigrate. here are also criminal consequences for reentry
within a prescribed time period.

DEPORTARE – +ctul de e&pul!are a unei persoane in alta tara. :rdin eliberat de catre un #udecator de emigrari, e&pul!ind un
re!ident ilegal, din 4tatele nite. : deportare are anumite consecinte cu privire la numarul de ani in care cel deportat nu poate sa
imigre!e. -&ista de asemeni consecinte infractionale privind reintrarea, in timpul perioadei inter!ise.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =I

DEPOSITION * %ritten or oral testimony given under oath in front of an authori!ed third person like a court reporter. 2epositions
take place outside of the court. hey allow the parties to get a record of a person5s testimony, or to get testimony from a witness that
lives far away. hey can help the lawyers prepare their court papers called >pleadings.> (4ee also 214C:3-RO.)

DEPO!ITIE – Marturie orala sau scrisa, data sub #uramint, in fata uei terte persoane, autori!ate, cum ra fi
un reporter al tribunalului. 2epo!itiile se fac in afara tribunalului. -le permit partilor sa primeasca o copie a marturiei persoanei, sau sa
primeasca marturia unei persoane care locuieste departe. +cestea, de asemeni
a#uta avocatilor s*si pregateasca documentele pentru #udecata, numite pledoarii.

DEPRIATION OF CUSTOD" * he court transfer of legal custody of a person from parents or legal
guardian to another person, agency, or institution. 1t may be temporary or permanent.

PRIAREA DE CUSTODIE – ranferul prin #udecata, al custodiei legale a unei persoane, de la parinti sau tutore, la o alta
persoana sau institutie. 6oate sa fie temporar sau permanent.

DEPUT" - :ne appointed to substitute for another with power to act for him in his name or on his behalf.
"or e&ample, a 2eputy County Clerk is appointed on behalf of the County Clerk.

DE#EGAT – Cineva care este numit sa substituie pe altcineva, avind puterea sa actione!e pentru acesta, in numele lui si in folosul lui.

DEPUT" D.A. * +n assistant lawyer to the district attorney.

(****) * n avocat care*l asista pe avocatul districtual.

DESCENT AND DISTRIBUTION STATUTES * 4tate laws that provide for the distribution of estate
property of a person who dies without a will. 4ame as 1<-4+CO '+%4.

(****) * 'egi de stat care se ocupa cu distribuirea averii unei persoane care moare fara testament.

DESTRUCTIE DEICE  E)P#OSIE * any substance, the purpose of which is detonation or rapid
combustion, and which is capable of rapid release of gas and heat.

E)P#O!I – :rice substanta al carei scop este detonarea sau combustia (arderea) rapida si care este capabila de a alibera ,
rapid, ga! sau caldura.

DETENTION * %hen a person is temporarily locked up until the court makes a final decision.

DETENTIE – Cind o persoana este inchisa pina cind tribunalul ia o deci!ie fianla.

DETENTION 'EARING * he initial hearing in 2ependency Court soon after the child has been
removed from the parent.

(****) - +udierea initiala in tribunalul de 7dependenta8, curind dupa ce copilul a fost luat de la parinte.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =B

DETERMINATE (SENTENCE * Confinement for a fi&ed period as specified by statute.

(****) - 2etentie pentru o perioada fi&a de timp, asa cum este specificat de statut.

DEE#OPMENTA##" DISAB#ED - hose persons, not psychotic, who are so developmentally

disabled from infancy or before reaching maturity that they are incapable of managing themselves and their affairs independently, with
ordinary prudence, or of being taught to do so, and who require supervision, control, and care for their own welfare, or for the welfare
of others, or for the welfare of the community. ("ormerly termed >mentally retarded.>)

DEBI#ITATE DE DE!O#TARE – 6ersoanele, nu cele psihopate, care au debilitate de de!voltare, din copilarie sau dinainte de a
a#unge la maturitate, fiind incapabile sa se administre!e pe sine si afacerile personale, in mod prudent, sau fiind invatate s*o faca, si
care au nevoie de supraveghere, control, si gri#a pentru binele lor, sau pentru binele altora, sau pentru binele comunitatii, (retardat
mintal).

DEISE - + gift of real property by a will.

DISPO!ITIE TESTAMENTARA – 6roprietate data in dar, prin testamnet.

DEISEE - + person who receives real property by will.

SUCCESOR – 6ersoana care primeste o proprietate, in dar, prin testament.

DIRECT EIDENCE * 6roof of facts by witnesses who saw acts done or heard words spoken.

EIDENTA DIRECTA – 2ovada a faptelor facuta prin martori care au va!ut faptele facute sau au au!it cuvintele spuse.

DIRECT E)AMINATION * %hen a witness testifies and answers questions asked by the party that asked
them to testify. (Compare CR:44*-+M1<+1:<.)

E)AMINARE DIRECTA – Cind o persoana marturiseste si raspunde la intrebarile partii pe care 1*a cerut
sa depuna marturie.

DIRECTED ERDICT * +n instruction by the #udge to the #ury to return a specific verdict. <ow called
$udgment as a Matter of 'aw.

(****) - 1ndicatia #udecatorului catre #uriu de a reveni la un anumit verdict. 4e mai numeste $udecata dupa
'ege.

DISBARMENT * "orm of discipline of a lawyer resulting in the loss (often permanently) of that lawyer5s
right to practice law. 1t differs from censure (an official reprimand or condemnation) and from suspension
(a temporary loss of the right to practice law).

RADIERE DIN BAROU – "orma de disciplinare a unui avocat, re!ultind in pierderea (adeseori permanenta) a dreptului avocatului
de a practica avocatura. 4e deosebeste de cen!ura ( forma de pedeapsa oficiala sau condamnare) si de suspendare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary =K

DISC#AIM * o refuse a gift made in a will.

A RESPINGE, DE!AUA – + refu!a un dar lasat prin testament.

DISC#AIMER - he repudiation or renunciation of a claim or power vested in a person or which he had
formerly alleged to be his. he disavowal, denial, or renunciation of an interest, right, or property imputed
to a person or alleged to be his.

ACT DE RENUNTARE – Repudierea sau renuntarea la puterea sau la un bun acordat unei persoane, care
a pretins, la inceput ca*i apartine. 2e!avuarea, renegarea, sau renuntarea la un profit, in drept, sau proprietate acordate unei
persoane sau pretinse a fi ale acestuia.

DISCOER" * he gathering of information (facts, documents, or testimony) before a case goes to trial.
2iscovery is done in many ways, such as through depositions, interrogations, or requests for admissions. 1t can also be done through
independent investigation or by talking with the other side5s lawyer.

CERCETAREA – +dunarea de informatii (fapte, documente, sau marturii), ianinte ca un ca! sa fie #udecat. Cercetarea se face
in multe moduriN prin depo!itii, interogari, sau cererea de a recunoaste.

DISCOER" MOTION * + motion to have evidence disclosed to the moving party.

MOTIUNEA DE CERCETARE – Motiunea de de!valuire a evidentelor partii in miscare.

DISCRIMINATION – +n act which confers particular privileges on a class arbitrarily selected.

DISCRIMINARE – +ct care confera anumite privilegii selectate arbitrar.

DISMISS * o terminate legal action involving outstanding charges against a defendant in a criminal case.

A INCETA – + incheia o actiune legala care implica acu!atii evidente impotriva unui reclamant, intr*un ca! infractional.

DISMISSA# %IT' PREJUDICE * %hen a court dismisses a case and will not allow any other suit to be
filed on the same claim in the future.

(****) * Cind un tribunal incheie un proces cu permisiunea, in viitor, ca procesul sa fie redeschis.

DISMISSA# %IT'OUT PREJUDICE * %hen a court dismisses a case, but will allow other suits to be
filed on the same claim.

(****) - Cind un tribunal incheie un ca! si nu va permite, in viitor, ca un alt proces sa fie deschis.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?A

DISORDER#" CONDUCT * +ny behavior, contrary to law, which disturbs the public peace or decorum, scandali!es the
community, or shocks the public sense of morality.

COMPORTAMENT NEREGU#AMENTAR- :rice comportament, contrar legii, care tulbura linistea publica si buna*cuviinta,
scandali!ea!a comunitatea, sau sochea!a simtul moral public.

DISPARIT" – Marked difference in quantity or quality between two things.

DISPARARE – 2iferenta marcanta de cantitate sau calitate intre doua lucruri.

DISPOSITION * he final decision by the court in a dispute.

DISPO!ITIE – 2ispo!itia finala a tribunalului, intr*o disputa.

DISPOSITIONA# 'EARING  he hearing held after a petition is sustained (allegation found true), to
determine whether the child will become a dependent of the court, where the child will reside, and what reunification services, if
any, will be provided to the parent.

(****) * +udiere tinuta dupa sustinerea petitiei,pentru a determina daca un copil poate deveni dependent al tribunalului, unde va locui, si
ce servicii de reunificare (daca este ca!ul), vor fi puse la dispo!itia parintelui.

DISSENT * o disagree. +n appellate court opinion setting forth the minority view and outlining the
disagreement of one or more #udges with the decision of the ma#ority.

DE!ACORD – + nu fi de acord. :pinia unei curti de apel, stabilind vederea minoritatii, si subliniind de!acordul unuia sau mai
multor #udecatori fata de deci!ia ma#oritatii.

DISSO#UTION * + marriage that is ended by a #udge5s decision, also known as a >divorce.> (Compare
<''1O.)

DI!O#ARE – n maria# desfacutprin deci!ia unui #udecator, de asenmeni cunoscut ca 7divort8. (Compara cu
+<'+R-+).

DISSO#UTION OF MARRIAGE - he act of terminating a marriage divorce but the term does not
include annulment.

DI!O#AREA UNUI MARIAJ – +ctul de desfacere a unei casatorii divort termenul nu include anularea.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?9

DISTINCTIE#" MAR$ED – + vehicle, operated by a peace officer, is 7distinctively marked8 when in addition to a lighted red
lamp and activated siren, the vehicle is of such appearance that a reasonable person would be able to recogni!e it as a peace officerFs
vehicle, and a person fleeing is on reasonable notice that pursuit is by a peace officer.

MARCAT DISTICTI – n vehicol, operat de un ofiter, este marcat distinctiv, cind pe linga
semnali!atorul rosu si sirena activata, vehicolul arata de asa maniera ca o persoana re!onabila va putea sa*l recunoasca apartinind
ofiterului de ordine si persoana fugitiva este perfect constienta ca este urmarita de un ofiter de ordine.

DISTRICT ATTORNE" * + lawyer appointed or elected to represent the state in criminal cases in his or
her respective #udicial districts. (4ee 6R:4-C:R.)

AOCAT DE DITRICT- +vocat desemnat sau ales sa repre!inte statul in ca!uri infractionale, in districtul ei  lui
#udecatoresc.

DISTURBING T'E PEACE * Conduct which tends to annoy all citi!ens, including unnecessary and
distracting noisemaking.

A TU#BURA #INISTEA – Conduita care are tendinta sa*1 infurie pe toti locuitorii, inclu!ind galagie nenecesara si tulburatoare.

DIERSION * 1nstead of going to #ail, a defendant goes to a rehabilitation (>rehab>) program and is
supervised by a probation officer. %hen the defendant finishes the program, the charges are dismissed and the defendant is not
sentenced. (Compare -'-CR:<1C M:<1:R1</, D:M- M:<1:R1</.)

DEIERE – 1n loc de a merge la inchisoare, reclamatul merge la un program de reabilitare si unde este supravegheat de un
ofiter de probare. Cind reclamantul termina programul, acu!atiile sint ridicate si nu mai este condamnat.

DIORCE * + common name for a marriage that is legally ended. 4ee 2144:'1:<.

DIORT – <ume legal pentru un maria# care a fost terminat.

DOC$ET * + record with the complete history of each case a court hears. 1t contains short chronological
summaries of the court proceedings.

RO# A# PROCESE#OR DE JUDECATA – Registru care contine toate detaliile unui proces #udecat de tribunal. Contine un
re!umat cronologic al procedurilor tirbunalului.

DOC$ET NUMBER * 1dentification number that the court clerk5s office gives a case. his number is on
all papers filed in the case. +lso called C+4- <MH-R.

NUMARU# CA!U#UI – <umar de identificare pe care ofiterul il atribuie fiecarui proces. +cest numar se gaseste pe fiecare
document care continut in dosar. 4e mai numeste <M+R' 2- C+J.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?0

DOE - sed in law courts, legal papers, etc., to refer to any person whose name is unknown.

(****) - "olosit la tribunal, documente legale, etc., cu referinta la persoane cu nume necunoscut.

DOMESTIC IO#ENCE * +n assault committed by one member of a household against another.

IO#ENTA DOMESTICA – +salt comis de catre membrul unei familii, asupra unui alt membru.

DOMICI#E * he place where a person has his or her permanent legal home. + person may have several
residences, but only one domicile.

DOMICI#IU – 'ocul unde cineva are casa legala permanenta. : pesoana poate avea citeva resedinte, dar
un singur domiciliu.

DOMICI#E * he place where a person has his or her permanent legal home. + person may have several
residences, but only one domicile.

(***) - 1nterdictie constitutionala, sub amnedamentul cinci, prin care o persoana nu poate fi #udecata de mai multe ori pentru aceeasi
invinuire.

DRIE-B" MURDER * Murder perpetrated by means of discharging a firearm from a motor vehicle
intentionally at another person outside of the vehicle. %hen the perpetrator specifically intended to inflict death, the murder is of the
first degree.

CRIMA DIN MERS – Crima savirsita prin descarcarea unei arme de foc, dintr*un vehicol, in mod intentionat, asupra unei personae
din afara. Cind faptuitorul intentionea!a sa cau!e!e moartea, crima este
de gradul unu.

DRIING %'I#E INTO)ICATED (D%I * he unlawful operation of a motor vehicle while under the
influence of drugs or alcohol. 1n some #urisdictions it is synonymous with DRIING UNDER T'E INF#UENCE (DUI , but in
others, driving while into&icated is a more serious offense than driving under
the influence.

CONDUCERE IN STARE DE EBRIETATE - Conducerea ilegala a unui vehicol sub influenta drogurilor sau alcoolului. 1n unele
#uridictii este sinonim cu a CONDUCE SUB INF#UENTA, dar in altele, conducerea in stare de ebrietate este o infractiune mai
grava decit a conduc sub influenta.

DRUN$ DRIING * he operation of a vehicle in an impaired state after consuming alcohol that when
tested is above the state5s legal alcohol limit.

(****) - Conducerea unui vehicol intr*o stare de incapacitate, datorata consumului de alcool, al carui test depaseste limita legala de
alcoolemie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?;

DUE PROCESS OF #A% * he regular way that the law is administered through the courts. he .4. Constitution says that
everyone has to have a day in court, has the right to be represented by a lawyer, and
the right to benefit from court procedures that are speedy, fair, and impartial.

(****) * Calea legala in care este administrate legea in tribunale. Constitutia 4attelor nite spune ca fiecare trebuie sa aiba o !i la
tribunal, are dreptul sa fie repre!entat de un avocat, si dreptul de a beneficia de procedurile tribunalului care sint rpide, drepte si
impartiale.

DURESS – Consists in any illegal imprisonment or threats of bodily harm in order to coerce the will of
another and inducing him to do an act contrary to his free will.

CONSTRINGERE
cuiva – Consta
si a*l determina sa faca in
cevintemnitarea ilegalasale.
impotriva vointei a cuiva sau amenintarea cu vatamarea corporala, cu scopul de a forta vointa

EASEMENTS  + right of use over the property of another.

IN#ESNIRE – 2reptul de folosire a proprietatii, de catre altcineva.

E#EA!ER MOTION * + motion to require prosecution to disclose the whereabouts of an informant or

show that reasonable effort has been made to locate him.

(****) - Motiune care cere procurorului sa de!valuie adresa reclamantului sau sa arte ca s*a depus efort sufficient pentru
locali!area lui.

E#ECTRONIC MONITORING  se of an electronic device to keep an eye on where a sentenced

person is in the community and to restrict his or her activities, instead of putting the person in #ail. (4ee also D:M-
M:<1:R1</).

SUPRAEG'ERE E#ECTRONICA – n system electronic prin care o persoana condamnata este supravegheata in
comunitatesi ale carei activitati sint limitate, in loc ca persoana sa fie intemnitata.

E#ECTRONIC TEC'NO#OG" * includes, but is not limited to computer modem, magnetic media,
optical disk, facsimile machine, or telephone.

TE'NO#OGIE E#ECTRONICA – 1nclude, darn u este limitat la modemul computerului, 7media 7

magnetica, discul optic, "+ su telefon.

E#EMENTS OF A CRIME * 4pecific factors that define a crime which the prosecution must prove
beyond a reasonable doubt in order to obtain a conviction. he elements that must be proven are 9) that a crime has actually
occurred, 0) that the accused intended the crime to happen, and ;) a timely relationship between the first two factors.

E#MENTE#E UNEI INFRACTIUNI – "actori specificicare definesc o infractiune pe care acu!area trebuie s*o dovedeasca in
mod indubitabil, pentru a obtine condamnarea. -lementele care trebuiesc dovedite 9) ca infractiunea a avut loc, 0) ca acu!atul a
comis infractiunea in mod intentionat, ;) o relatie temporala intre primii doi factori.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?=

EMANCIPATION  + legal way for children to become adults before they are 9B. :nce a child is emancipated, his or her
parents don5t have custody or control of him or her anymore.

EMANCIPARE – Calea legala prin care copiii devin adulti, inainte de a implini 9B ani. :data cu emanciparea copilului,
parintii lui  ei nu mai au custodia sau controlul lui.

EMBE!!#E * o willfully take or convert to one5s own use, another5s money or property, which the
wrongdoer initially acquired lawfully, because of some office, employment, or some position of trust.

DE#APIDA – + lua banii sau proprietatea cuiva si a le folosi in scop personal, dup ace acestea au fost obtinute pe ba!a unui
oficiu sau po!itii de incredere.

EMBE!!#EMENT – aking property by a person to whom the property has been entrusted.

DE#APIDARE – 1nsusirea unei proprietati de catre persoana careia i*a fost incredintata.

EMINENT DOMAIN * he right of the state to take private property for public use after giving fair
compensation to the owner.

(****) - 2reptul statului de a lua proprietatea personala spre folosinta publica dupa compensarea echitabila a proprietarului.

EN BANC * Court sessions where all the #udges of a court participate, instead of the usual number. "or
e&ample, the .4. circuit courts of appeals usually use panels of three #udges, but all the #udges in the court may decide certain
matters together. %hen that happens, they are sitting >en banc> (sometimes spelled >in banc>). 1t comes from the "rench language
and means >on the bench.>

(****) - 4esiuni ale tribunalului, in care participa toti #udecatorii tribunalului, in loc de numarul obisnuit. 2e e&emplu, cercul curtilor de
apel al s.u aaceasta,
se intimpla folosesceide obicei
stau liste de trei #udecatori, dar toti #udecatorii tribunalului pot sa decida, impreuna, anumite probleme. Cind
7la #udecata8.
3ine din france!a si inseamna 7la #udecata.8

ENDORSE * o sign your name on a document to authori!e its contents or transfer (as in a check that is
endorsed to transfer money).

ANDOSA- + semna numele pe un document pentru a autori!a continutul acestuia sau transferal (c si un cec care este autori!at
pentru transfer d bani).

ENDORSED-FI#ED COPIES * Copies of court papers that are stamped in the top right corner to show
when they are filed. (Compare with C-R1"1-2 C:6O.)

(****) * Copii ale documentelor legale care sint stampilate in coltul de sus, din dreapta, pentru a arata cind au fost indosariate. (Compara
cu Copie 'egali!ata).

ENDORSEMENT, FORGER" B"  "alsely writing or endorsing check to cheat another person.
ANDOSARE PRIN FA#SIFICARE – + scrie un cec fals pentru a insela o persoana.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ??

EN'ANCE * o make greater in value, to increase.

MBUNATATI- + mari valoarea.

EN'ANCEMENT * +n allegation added to a basic charge which, if proven, increases the basic sentence.
-&ampleN 7use of a gun in the commission of a crime8 may be added to the felony charge.

MARIRE – +legatie adaugata la o acu!atie initiala care, daca este dovedita, mareste sentinta initiala. -&empluN 7folosira unui
pistol in comiterea unei infractiuni8 poate fi aduagata la acu!atia de delict.

ENJOINING * +n order by the court telling a person to stop something.

INTERDICTIE – :rdin al tribunalului impus unei personae, pentru a inceta ceva.

ENTER A GUI#T" P#EA * he formal statement before the court that the accused admits committing
the criminal act.

(****) * 2eclaratia initiala la tribunal prin care acu!atul recunoaste comiterea infractiunii.

ENTRAPMENT * + defense to criminal charges alleging that agents of the government induced a person
to commit a crime he or she otherwise would not have committed.

A PR INDE IN CURSA – +pararea fata de acu!atii infractionle declarind ca agenti guvernamentali au determinat o persoana sa
comita o infractiune pe care, de altfel nu ar fi comis*o.

ENTR" OF DEFAU#T - he clerk5s record that the defendant has defaulted by not answering, or not
answering on time. he plaintiff must request this record entry.

(****) * 6rocesul verbal al ofiterului de tribunal pin care dovedeste ca acesta nu a raspunde de loc, sau a nu raspunde la timp.
Reclamantul trebuie sa ceara intrarea acestei dove!i.

E&UA# PROTECTION * he guarantee in the "ourteenth +mendment to the .4. Constitution that all
persons be treated equally by the law.

PROTECTIE EGA#A – /arantia prin +mendamentul 6atruspre!ece al Constitutiei 4tatelor nite, ca toate persoanele sa fie
tratate in mod egal de lege.

E&UITAB#E ACTION * +n action which may be brought for the purpose of restraining the threatened
infliction of wrongs or in#uries, and the prevention of threatened illegal action.

ACTINE EC'ITABI#A – +ctiune care poate fi initiate cu scopul de a restringe cau!area de vatamare, si impiedicarea amenintarii
cu actiunea ilegala.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?@

E&UIT" * + system of law that supplements the statutory and case law and is based on principles of what
is >fair and right.>

EC'ITATE- 4istem de legi care suplimentea!a legea statutara si #urisprudenta si se ba!ea!a pe ceea ce este 7echitabil si drept.8

ERROR CORAM NOBIS - 6etition filed in trial court seeking relief from conviction based on new facts.

(****) - 6etitie facuta la $udecatorie cerind ridicarea condamnarii ba!ate pe fapte noi.

ERROR CORAM OBIS - 6etition filed in appellate court seeking relief from conviction based on new

facts.
(****) * 6etitie facuta la Curtea de +pel cerind ridicarea condamnarii ba!ate pe fapte noi.

ESCAPE B" FORCE OR IO#ENCE – sing force to escape from custody.

EADARE – "olosirea fortei pentru a scapa din custodie.

ESC'EAT (-4*CD-) * he process by which a deceased person5s property goes to the state if there is no
will or no heirs.

REERSIUNE – 6rocesul prin care proprietatea unei personae decedate este luata de stat daca nu e&ista nici un testament sau
mostenitor.

ESCRO% * Money or a written instrument such as a deed that, by agreement between two parties, is held
by a neutral third party (held in escrow) until all conditions of the agreement are met.

ANGAJAMENT #EGA# SCRIS - Hani sau document scris cum ar fi un act care prin anga#amentul intre doua persoane este dat in
pastrare unei terte persoane, pina cind toate conditiile anga#amentului sint indeplinite.

ESTATE * -verything a person (alive or dead) owns and owes. here are different types of estates, like
probate, nonprobate, trust and ta&able estates. 6robate estateN he property in someone5s will. :r, if they do not have a will, the
property the probate court handles. <onprobate estateN he property the probate court
does not handle. "or e&ample, if there5s a trust or #oint tenancy. rust estateN 6roperty in a trust. + trustee controls the trust. a&able
estateN he property sub#ect to federal estate ta& when a person dies. "or
e&ample, life insurance.

PATRIMONIU – ot ceea ce poseda sau datorea!a o persoana (vie sau decedata). -&ista diferite tipuri de proprietate, ca si legali!ata ,
nelegali!ata, proprietate ta&abila si procura. 6roprietate legali!ataN proprietate
din testamentul cuiva. 4au daca nu e&ista testament, proprietatea pe care o administrea!a tribunalul. 6roprietate nelegali!ataN
proprietate pe care nu o administrea!a tribunalul de testamente si succesiuni. 2e e&empluN daca e&ista procura sau posesiune comuna.
rust estateN proprietate cu procura. +dministratorul controlea!a procura. 6roprietate ta&abilaN proprietate supusa ta&elor federale de
proprietate, la moartea
unei personae. 2e e&emplu +sigurare de 3iata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?I

ESTATE TA) * /enerally, a ta& on the privilege of transferring property to others after a person5s death.
1n addition to federal estate ta&es, many states have their own estate ta&es.

TA)E DE PROPRIETATE – a&a pe garantia de a transfera proprietatea la cineva, dupa moartea unei persone. 6e linga ta&ele
federale de proprietate, mult stteau propriile lor ta&e de proprietate.

ESTOPPE# * +n act or statement that prevents a person from later making claims to the contrary.

(****) - n act sau declaratie care impiedica o persoana de a pretinde ceva nefiresc, mai tir!iu.

ET A# * 1n 'atin, this means >and others.> Refers to parties not included in the formal name of a court
case.

(****) * 1n 'atina, aceasta inseamna 7si altii.8 4e refera la personae care nu sint incluse in numele initial al unui process legal.

ET SE& * +n abbreviation for et sequentes, or et sequentia. 'atin meaning >and the following,> ordinarily
used in referring to a section of statutes.

(****) * +breviere pentu et sequenres, sau et sequential. 1nsemntatea 'atina 7si urmatoarele8, in mo normal folosit cu referire la o
sectine de statute.

ET U) - 1n 'atin, this means >and wife.>

(****) * 1n 'atina , aceasta inseamna 7si sotia.8

EICTION * Recovery of land or rental property from another by legal process. (4ee <'+%"'
2-+1<-R.)
EICTIE – Recuperarea unui teren sau proprietate de inchiriere de la cineva, prin process legal.

EIDENCE * +ny proof legally presented at trial through witnesses, records, andor e&hibits.

EIDENTA – :rice dovada pre!entata legal, la #udecata, prin martori, acte sisau e&punere.

EIDENCE, CIRCUMSTANTIA# * Conclusion drawn from proven facts.

EIDENTA CIRCUMSTANTIA#A – Conclu!ia ba!ata pe fapte dovedite.

EIDENCE, DIRECT * -vidence in form of a witness5s testimony, who actually saw, heard, or touched
the sub#ect in question.

EIDENTA DIRECTA – -videnta sub forma unei marturii, care a va!ut in fapt, a au!it, sau a atins subiectul in chestiune.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?B

EIDENCE, EANESCENT * -vidence which can disappear relatively quickly, such as the amount of alcohol in a person5s blood.

EIDENTA EFEMERA – -videnta care poate disparea relativ repede, cum ar fi cantitatea de alcool din single unei personae.

E)AMINATION, DIRECT * he first e&amination of a witness by the counsel who called the witness to
testify.

E)AMINARE DIRECTA – 6rima e&aminare a unui martor de catre avocatul care l* chemat pe martor sa depuna marturie.

E)AMINATION, RECROSS * + second e&amination of a witness by the opposing counsel after the

second e&amination (or redirect e&amination) by the counsel who called the witness to testify is completed.
E)AMINARE INCRUCISATA - : a doua e&aminare a unui martor de catre avocatul partii opuse dupa
ce e&aminarea secundara de catre avocatul care l*a chemat pe martor sa depuna marturie, a fost facuta.

E)AMINATION, REDIRECT * + second e&amination of a witness by the counsel who called the
witness to testify. his e&amination is usually focused on certain matters that were discussed by the opposing counsel5s
e&amination.

(****) * + doua e&aminare a unui martor de catre avocatul care l*a chemat sa depuna marturia. +ceasta e&aminare este de obicei
canali!ata asupra anumitor aspecte care au fost discutate in e&aminarea avocatului partii opuse.

E)CEPTIONS * 2eclarations by either side in a civil or criminal case reserving the right to appeal a
#udge5s ruling upon a motion. +lso, in regulatory cases, ob#ections by either side to points made by the other side or to rulings by
the agency or one of its hearing officers.

E)CEPTIUNI – 2eclaratii date de oricare dintre partile dintre un process civilre!ervandu*si dreptul de a contesta deci!ia unui

#udecator cu facute
obiectiunile privirede
la oricare
o motiune.
dintre2e asemeni,
parti fata deinpunctele
proceseadresate
de reglementare,
de cealalta parte sau fata de deci!iile luate de o agentie sau de
ofiterii #udecatoresti.

E)CESSIE FORCE – se of unreasonable amount of force by police officer.

ABU! DE FORTA – "olosirea nere!onabila a fortei de catre un ofiter de politie.

E)C#USION OF %ITNESSES * +n order of the court requiring all witnesses to remain outside the
courtroom until each is called to testify, e&cept the plaintiff or defendant. he witnesses are ordered not to discuss their testimony
with each other and may be held in contempt if they violate the order.

E)C#UDERE DE MARTORI - :rdin al tribunalului cerind ca toti martorii sa ramina in afara salii de #udecata pana cand fiecare
este chemat sa depuna marturie, cu e&ceptia reclamantului si a reclamatului. Martorilor nu li se permite sa discute marturia intre ei ,
putand fi retinuti daca viloea!a ordinul.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary ?K

E)C#USIONAR" RU#E * he rule preventing illegally obtained evidence to be used in any trial.

REGU#A DE E)C#UDERE - : regula care impiedica folosirea evidentei ilegale in orice #udecata.

E)C#USIE JURISDICTION * he matter can only be filed in one court.

JURISDICTIE E)C#USIA - n process poate fi deschis doar la un tribunal.

E) CONTRACTU * +rising from a contract.

(****) * Care deriva de la un contract.

E)CU#PATOR" EIDENCE * -vidence which tends to indicate that a defendant did not commit the
alleged crime.

EIDENTA DISCU#PATORIE - -videnta care indica faptul ca un reclamat nu a comis infractiunea de care este acu!at.

E)ECUTE * (9) o carry out all terms of a contract or court order (0) to sign (a document) (;) to kill.

A E)ECUTA – 9) + indeplini toti termenii unui contract sau unui ordin al tribunalului 0) a semna (un document) ;) a ucide.

E)ECUTION - he name of a court order issued to a sheriff, marshal, or constable authori!ing and
requiring him to carry out the #udgment of the court.

E)ECUTIE - <umele unui ordin al tribunalului eliberat de un serif , maresal, sau ofiter de politie care il autori!ea!a sau ii cere sa
indeplineasca sentinta unui tribunal.

E)ECUTION OF SENTENCE SUSPENDED - 1mposing a sentence that will not be served. his is
frequently ordered in combination with grants of probation. 1f the defendant is subsequently found in violation of probation, the
suspension will be lifted and the sentence carried out.

SUSPENDAREA E)ECUTARII UNEI SENTINTE – 1mpunerea unei sentinte care nu va fi e&ecutata. +ceasta este ordonata
frecvent in combinatie cu o peroada de proba. 2aca reclamantul este in consecinta gasit ca violea!a probarea, suspendarea va fi
ridicata si sentinta e&eciutata.

E)ECUTOR * 6erson or company named in a will to carry out the will5s instructions and requests. he
e&ecutor is usually supervised by the probate court.

E)ECUTOR - 6ersoana sau companie desemnata intr*un testament sa indeplineasca instructiunile si cererile testamentului.
-&ecutorul este de obicei supravegheat de un tribunal de legali!are.

E) DE#ICTO * +rising from a wrong, breach of duty. (4ee :R.)

(****) * 2eriva de la violarea unei datorii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @A

E)EMP#AR" DAMAGES - Monies awarded to the plaintiff that e&ceed the normal or e&pected amount. 4erve as punishment for
willful or malicious acts by the defendant, rather than act of negligence.

(****) * Hani acordati reclamantului care depasesc suma normala sau asteptata. 4erveste ca o pedeapsa pentru actele voit
rautacioase facute de reclamat in comparative comparatie cu un act de negli#enta.

E)EMP#IFICATION * +n e&tremely formal type of certification in which the Clerk signs the
certification of the document or record. he 6residing $udge then signs attesting to the fact of the identity
of the Clerk, and that the signature is authentic. "inally, the Clerk signs again, this time attesting to the fact that the #udge is a $udge of
that countyFs /eneral $urisdiction Court, and that the signature is authentic.

(****) * n apoi
semnea!a tip foarte simplu identitatea
confirmand de certificare in caresifunctionarul
ofiterului semnea!a
ca semnaturaeste certificarea documentului. $udecatorul care pre!idea!a
autentica.
1n final, ofiterul semnea!a din nou, de data aceasta confirmand ca #udecatorul apartine de tribunalul de #urisditie generala al
districtului si ca semnatura este autentica.

E)'IBIT * + document or an ob#ect shown and identified in court as evidence in a case.

E)PUNERE – n document sau obiect aratat sau identificat la tribunal ca evidenta intr*un proces.

E)'IBIT, PEOP#E/S * -&hibit andor evidence that is offered by the prosecution.

(****) * -&punere sau evidenta oferita de catre acu!are.

E)ONERATE * o clear of blame or to relieve from responsibility.

A E)ONERA - + indeparta vinovatia sau a elibera pe cineva de o responsabilitate.

E) PARTE * + court procedure with only one side. "or emergencies only.

(****) * : procedura legala cu o singura parte, numai pentru urgente.

E) PARTE PROCEEDING * he legal procedure in which only one side is represented.

PROCEDURA *E) PARTE+ - 6rocedura legala in care este repre!entata o singura parte.

E)PERT TESTIMON" * estimony given in relation to some scientific, technical, or professional matter
by e&perts, i.e., person qualified to speak authoritatively by reason of their special training, skill, or familiarity with the
sub#ect.

MARTURIA UNUI E)PERT – Marturie data de e&perti in legatura cu o problema de stiinta tehnica sau profesionala, e&. 6ersoana
calificata sa vorbeasca despre subiect ba!at pe calificarea sau pregatirea in materie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @9

E)P#OSIEDESTRUCTIE DEICE – +ny substance, or combination of substances, the primary or common purpose of which
is detonation or rapid combustion, and which is capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release of gas and heat, or any substance,
the primary purpose of which, when combined with others, is to form a substance capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release
of gas
and heat.

E)P#O!I  P#AN DISTRUCTI – :rice substanta sau combinatie de substante al carei scop primar este sa detone!e sau sa arda
rapid si care este capabila de dega#area instantanee a unui ga! si caldura, sau
orice substanta al carei scop primar, cand este combinata cu altele, este sa forme!e o substanta capabila sa dega#e instantaneu si rapid
ga! si caldura.

E) POST
facto hese are* laws
laws. FACTO 'atinthat
meaning,
permit>after the fact.>
conviction and he Constitution
punishment for a prohibits
lawful actthe enactment
performed of e&the
before post
law was changed and the act
made illegal.

DUPA FAPT - 1nsemnatatea 'atina 7dupa fapt8. Constitutia inter!ice aplicarea legilor 7dupa fapt8. +cestea sunt legi care permit
condamnarea si pedepsirea unui act legal inainte ca legea sa se schimbe si actul sa devina illegal.

E)PUNGEMENT * :fficial and formal erasure of a record or partial contents of a record.

DISTRUGERE - 4tergere oficiala si teoretica a unui dosar sau al continutului partial al unui dosar. Circumstante atenuante.
Circumstnte care fac ca o crima sa fie mai putin grava, odioasa, sau reprobabila decat ar fi in mod normal.

E)TORTION * he act of obtaining the property of another person through wrongful use of actual or
threatened force, violence, or fear.

E)TORCA - +ctul de obtinere a proprietatii unei alte personae prin folosirea fortei sau amentintarii cu forta, violentei sau temei.

E)TRADITION * Hringing a person that is in custody in one state to the authorities of another state where
that person has been accused or convicted of a crime.

E)TRADARE - +ducerea unei personae care este in custodia unui stat in fata autoritatatilor unul alt stat, unde persoana afost
acu!ata si condamnata de o infractiune.

E)TRAORDINAR" %RIT * + court order, often issued by an appellate court, making available
remedies not regularly within the powers of lower courts. hey include writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition and quo
warranto.

ORDONANTA E)TRAORDINARA – :rdin al tribunalului, adesea eliberate de o curte de apel, care pune la dispo!itie remedii
ce nu se afla in puterea tribunalelor inferioare. +cestea contin ordonante de Dabeas Corpus (pentru garantarea libertatii
individuale), madamus, prohibitie si qua garantie.

E"E %ITNESS * :ne who saw the act, fact, or transaction to which he or she testifies.

MARTOR OCU#AR – Cineva care a va!ut actul, faptul sau tran!actia despre care depune marturie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @0

FACTUA# BASIS * he underlying facts supporting a defendantFs guilty or <:': C:<-<2-R- plea.

(****) * "aptele d ba!a care sustin pledoaria de vinovatie sau <:': C:<-<2-R-, ale unui reclamat.

FACTUA##" INNOCENT - <o reasonable cause e&ists to believe the person arrested committed the
offense.

NEINOAT DE FAPT – <u e&ista nici o cau!a re!onabila a se crede ca persoana arestata a comis delictul.

FAI#URE TO APPEAR * he act of not appearing in court after being presented with a subpoena or

summons.
NEPRE!ENTARE – +ctul de a nu aparea la tribunal dupa ce ai fost somat sau citat.

FAI#URE TO COMP#" * he act of not following an order that is directed by the court.

NECONFORMARE – +ctul de a nu se supune care este impus de tribunal.

FAIR 'EARING * + hearing in which certain rights are respected such as the right to present evidence, to
cross e&amine and to have findings supported by evidence.

AUDIERE EC'ITABI#A – +udierea la care sint respectate anumite drepturi, cum ar fi dreptul de a pre!enta evidenta, de a
contrae&amina, si de a face descoperiri ba!ate pe evidenta.

FAIR MAR$ET A#UE – he cash value price that the property would have brought at the time it was
taken.

A#OAREA EC'ITABI#A DE PIATA – 3aloarea monetara pe care ar fi avut*o proprietatea in momentul cind a fost luata.

FA#SE ARREST * +ny unlawful physical restraint of another5s personal liberty, whether or not carried
out by a peace officer.

AREST I#EGA# – :rice restringere fi!ica, ilegala a libertatii unei persoane, fie ca este facuta de un ofiter sau nu.

FA#SE IMPRISONMENT * he unlawful restraint by one person of another person5s physical liberty.

INTEMNITARE I#EGA#A – Restringerea ilegala a libertatii unei persoane de catre o alta persoana.

FA#SE PRETENSES * Representation of some fact or circumstance which is not true and is calculated to
mislead, by which a person obtains another5s money or goods.

PRETENTII
pe I#EGA#E
cineva pentru Repre!entarea
obtinerea –banilor unui cuiva.
sau bunurilor fapt sau unei circumstante care nu este adevarata si are ca scop de a induce in eroare

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @;

FA#SE TO$EN – +ny tangible ob#ect or a document that is not genuine, is not what it appears or claims
to be, and is intended to be used and is used to deceive the person to whom it is presented.

DOADA FA#SA – :rice obiect tangibil sau un document neadevarat, care nu este ce apare sau pretinde
sa fie, si se intentionea!a sau este folosit sa insele pe persoana careia i se pre!inta.

FAMI#" A##O%ANCE * + small amount of money kept from the estate of the deceased to provide for
the surviving family members during the administration of the estate.

INTRETINERE FAMI#IA#A – 4uma mica de bani pastrata din proprietatea decedatului pentru a intretine pe membrii, in
viata, ai familiei, in timpul administrarii proprietatii.

FEDERA# EMP#O"ERS #IABI#IT" ACT – "ederal workersF compensation law which protects
railroad employees.

(****) - 'egea de recompensa a muncitorilor federali care prote#ea!a pe anga#atii cailor ferate.

FEES - + specific amount of money that5s paid in e&change for a service, such as filing a court paper.

TA)E – : anumita suma de bani care se plateste in schimbul unui serviciu, cum ar fi deschiderea unui proces.

FEE SIMP#E * he most complete, unlimited form of ownership of real property, which lasts until the
current holder dies without an heir.

(****) * Cea mai completa si nelimitata forma d proprietate imobila, care durea!a pina cind detinatorul curent moare fara a avea
un mostenitor.

FEE %AIER * 6ermission not to pay the court5s filing fees. 6eople with very low income can ask the
court clerk for a fee waiver form.

TA)A DE RENUNTARE – permisiunea de a nu plati ta&ele legale. 6ersoanele cu venit mic pot cere functionarului de tribunal
formularul de renuntare la ta&a.

FE#ON" * + serious crime that can be punished by more than one year in prison or by death. (Compare
1<"R+C1:<, M142-M-+<:R).

DE#ICT – 1nfractiune serioasa care poate fi pedepsita cu intemnitarea pe un an sau cu moartea.

FE#ON" MURDER * + murder committed during the commission of a felony such as robbery, burglary,
or kidnapping.

TI#'ARIE – :morire care poate fi savirsita in timpul comiterii unui delict cum ar fi #af, spargere sau rapire.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @=

FIDUCIAR" * + person that acts for another person5s benefit, like a trustee or guardian. 1t also means something that is based on
a trust or confidence. (4ee also R4--.)

FIDUCIAR – 6ersoana care actionea!a in folosul altei persoane, cum ar fi un gardian sau tutore. 2e asemenni inseamna ceva
ba!at pe incredere sau confidenta.

FIE#D SOBRIET" TEST * + method of determining whether a person is into&icated using a motor skills
test which is administered by testing the driver5s speaking ability andor physical coordination.

TEST DE EBRIETATE - Metoda de a determina daca o persoana este in stare de ebrietate folosind un test de abilitate, care este
administrat prin testarea abilitatii soferului sisau test de coordonare fi!ica.

FIFT' AMENDMENT * +mong other rights, the "ifth +mendment to the .4. Constitution guarantees
that a person cannot be forced to present self*incriminating testimony in a criminal proceeding.

AMENDAMENTU#CINCI - 6rintre alte drepturi, +mendamentul Cinci al Constitutiei 4..+.

garantea!a ca o persoana nu poate fi fortata sa depuna marturie incriminatorie fata de sine intr*o procedura infractionala.

FI#E * %hen a person officially gives a paper to a court clerk and that paper becomes part of the record of
a case.

(****) - Cand o persoana pre!inta official un document la un ofiter al tribunalului si documentul devine evidenta in dosarul sau.

FIND GUI#T" * "or the #udge or #ury to determine and declare the guilt of the defendant.

A GASI INOAT – $udecatorul sau #uriul determina si declara vinovatia unui reclamat.

FINDING * %hen a #udicial officer or #ury says something is a fact.

DESCOPERIRE - Cand un ofiter #udecatoresc sau #uriul declara ceva ca fiind fapt.

FINDINGS OF FACT - +n oral or written statement by a #udge after a review of the evidence stating that
the facts given are found to be true.

DESCOPERIRE DE FAPT - : declaratie orala sau scrisa facuta de un #udecator dupa revi!uirea evidentei confirmand ca
faptele date sunt gasite adevarate.

FINE * he money a person must pay as punishment for doing something illegal or for not doing
something they were supposed to do.

AMENDA - Hanii pe care o persoana trebuie sa*1 plateasca drept pedeapsa pentru ca a facut ceva illegal, sau pentru ca nu a facut
ceea ce trebuia.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @?

FINGERPRINT * he distinctive pattern of lines on human fingertips that are used as a method of identification in criminal
cases.

AMPRENTE - n sistem distinctiv de linii pe degetele umane care sunt folosite ca mod de identificare in procesele infractinale.

FIREARM * + weapon which acts by force of gunpowder, such as a rifle, shotgun or revolver.

ARMA DE FOC - : arma care actionea!a prin forta prafului de pusca, cum ar fi pusca, pistolul, sau revolverul.

FIRST APPEARANCE * he initial appearance of an arrested person before a #udge to determine whether

there is probable
the charges cause
against himfor his or
or her andher
of arrest. /enerally,
his or her rights tothe person comes
a preliminary before a #udge within hours of the arrest, and are informed of
hearing,
to counsel, and to bail. <o plea is asked for at this time. +lso called 1<11+' +66-+R+<C-.

PRIMA INFATISARE - 1nfatisarea initiala a unei persoana arestate inaintea #udecatorului pentru a hotari daca e&ista o cau!a
probabila pentru arestul ei lui. 1n general, persoana vine in fata #udecatorului in cateva ore de la arrest si este informate de acu!atiile
aduse impotriva lui ei si drepturile ei lui la o audiere preliminara la avocet si la cautiune. <u i se cere sa plede!e la acest moment. 4e
mai numeste 1nfatisarea 1nitiala.

FITNESS 'EARING  + court hearing to decide if a #uvenile (minor) should be tried as an adult.

(****) * : audiere la tribunal pentru a se decide daca un minor trebuie sa fie #udecat ca un adult.

FORCIB#E AND ATROCIOUS CRIME – +ny felony that by its nature and the manner of its
commission threatens, or is reasonably believed by the defendant to threaten life or great bodily in#ury so as
to instill in him a reasonable fear of death or great bodily in#ury. Murder, mayhem, rape, and robbery are
all forcible and atrocious crimes.

CRIMA ATROCE SI DE FORTA - :rice delict care prin natura si modul comiterii lui ameninta sau reclamantul crede ca
ameninta viata sau cau!ea!a vatamare trupeas ca in asa fel incat sa instighe!e in el o teama re!onabila de moarte sau vatamare
trupeasca grava. ciderea, mutilarea, violarea, sau #efuirea sunt toate crime atroce si de fortare.

FORCIB#E ENTR" AND DETAINER * :rdinarily refers to a summary proceeding for restoring
possession of land to one who has been wrongfully deprived of possession.

(****) * 4e refera in mod normal la un total de proceduri pentru restaurarea posesiunii unui teren cuiva care
a fost privat prin inselaciune de posesia lui.

FOREC#OSURE * 6rocedure by which mortgaged property is sold on default of the mortgagor in

satisfaction of mortgage debt.

(****) * 6rocedura prin care o proprietate ipotecata este luata de la datornic si vanduta spre satisfacerea datoriei fta de ipoteca.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @@

FORFEIT * o lose, or lose the right to. 1n raffic  to forfeit means to enter an implied guilty plea and pay total bail to close a
case.

CONFISCARE - + pierde dreptul la ceva. 1n trafic  sanctiune  inseamna sa intri o pledoarie de vinovatie si sa platesti
cautiunea pentru incheierea procesului.

FORFEITURE * %hen a person must give up money or property because he or she didn5t meet a legal
obligation. (4ee also H+1' ":R"-1R-).

PIERDERE – Cand o persoana trebuie sa renunte la bani sau la o proprietate pentru ca nu a indeplinit o obligatie legala.

FORGER" * he act of claiming one5s own writing to be that of another.

FA#SIFICARE - +ctul de a pretinde ca scrisul cuiva apartine altcuiva.

FORMA# PROBATION * Court*ordered terms and conditions placed upon a defendant instead of a
sentence. "ormal probation involves supervision of the defendant by a probation officer. 4ummary probation involves no
probation officer the defendant is responsible directly to the court.

PROBARE OFICIA#A * ermeni si conditii ordonate de tribunal plasate asupra unui reclamat in locul sentintei. 6robarea initiala
implica supravegherea reclamatului de catre un ofiter de proba. 6robarea in instanta nu implica nici un ofiter de probare. Reclamatul
este direct responsabil fata de tribunal.

FORUM NON CONENIENS - + doctrine patterned upon the right of the court in the e&ercise of its
equitable powers to refuse the imposition upon its #urisdictio n of the trial of cases even through the venue is properly laid if it
appears that for the convenience of litigants and witnesses and in the interest of #ustice the action should be instituted in another
forum where the action might have been brought.

(****) * 2octrina stabilita pe dreptul tribunalului in e&ercitarea puterilor sale #uste de a rfu!a impunerea asupra sa a #udecarii
proceselor chiar daca #urisdctia a fost a fost crect stabilita, daca se pare ca pentru convenienta partilor in litigiu si a martorilorsi
in interesul #ustitiei actiunea ar trebui instituitaintr*un alt forum unde actiunea sr fi putut fi adusa.

FOSTER CARE * + program that gives money to a person, family, or institution to raise someone else5s
child.

(****) * n program care finantea!a o persoana, o familie sau o institutie pentru a creste copilul altcuiva.

FOUNDATION * 1n a trial, a foundation must be laid to establish the basis for the admissibility of certain
types of evidence. "or e&ample, an e&pert witnesses5s qualifications must be shown before e&pert testimony will be admissible.

FUNDAMENT - 1ntr*un proces, o fundatie trebuie pre!entata pentru a stabili ba!ele de admisibilitate a
unui anumit tip de de evidenta. 2e e&emplu, marturia calificativa a unui e&pert trebuie pre!entata inainte ca marturia e&perta sa fie
admisa.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @I

FOURTEENT' AMENDMENT * +mong other matters, the 9=th +mendment to the .4. Constitution prohibits states from
depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without adequate 2- 6R:C-44.

AMENDAMENTU# PATRUSPRE!ECE - 6rintre altele, +mendamentul 9= al Constitutiei S.U.A. inte!ice fiecarui stat sa
prive!e orice persoana de libertate, viata sau proprietate fara un process adecvat necesar.

FRAUD * 2eceiving someone on purpose in a way that financially hurts others.

FRAUDA - + insela pe cineva intentionat aducand in felul acesta pre#udicii altora.

GAG ORDER - :rders restraining parties and counsel to a criminal proceeding from talking about the
case to the press or public.

ORDINU# *GAG+ - :rdine limitind partile implicate si avocatul la o procedura infractionala de a nu vorbidespre process cu
presa sau publicul.

GAMB#ING * he act of staking money, or other thing of value, on an uncertain event or outcome.

(****) * +ctul de a risca banii sau un alt lucru de valoare, pentru un eveniment anume sau pe un r!ultat.

GARNIS' * o withhold a debtor5s money, and turn it over to another in order to pay a debt. ypically, the
one withholding the money is the debtor5s employer.

A#DAMAS – + retine banii unui datornic si a*1 da altcuiva pentru a plati datoria. 2e obicei, cel care retine banii este patronul la care
este anga#at datornicul.

GARNIS'MENT * + legal process that allows part of a person5s wages or property to be withheld for
payment of a debt.

(****) * 6roces legal prin care o parte a salariului unei persoane sau o parte a proprietatii pot fi retinute pentru plata unei datorii.

GENERA# ASSIGNMENT * he voluntary transfer, by a debtor, of all property to a trustee for the
benefit of all of his or her creditors.

INSARCINARE GENERA#A - ransferul voluntar de catre un datornic la un administrator de incredere spre beneficiul tuturor
creditorilor.

GENERA# JURISDICTION * Refers to courts that have no limit on the types of criminal and civil cases
they may hear.

JURISDICTIE GENERA#A - 4e refera la tribunale care nu au nici o limita la procesele infractionale si civile pe care le #udeca.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @B

G#UE SNIFFING * he act of inhaling glue in order >to get high.>

IN'A#ARE A #IPICIU#UI - +ctiunea de inhalare a lipiciului pentru a se droga.

GOOD CAUSE * + good reason. "or e&ample, a person must have good cause (better than not having a
car or a baby*sitter ) for not coming to a court hearing.

O CAU!A BUNA – n motiv bun. 4pre e&emplu, o persoana poate sa aiba o cau!a buna (mai buna decat
a nu avea masina sau baby sitter) pentru a nu veni la process, la tribunal.

GOOD FAIT' * +n honest belief, the absence of malice, and the absence of design to defraud.
BUNA CREDINTA - : incredere onesta fara rautate si fara intentie de frauda.

GOOD SAMARITAN RU#E * :ne who assists a person in imminent and serious danger, though
negligence of another cannot be charged with negligence in attempting a rescue.

REGU#A BUNU#UI SAMARITEAN - Cineva care a#uta o persoana intr*un pericol iminent si serios cu toate ca negli#enta altcuiva
nu poate fi #udecata ca negli#enta de a incerca salvarea.

GOOD TIME * + reduction in sentenced time in custody as a reward for good behavior. 1t usually is one*
third to one*half off the ma&imum sentence.

TIMP BUN - : reducere a perioadei de sentinta din custodie care este data ca urmare a unui bun comportament. 2e obicei
repre!inta o treime sau o #umatate din sentinta ma&ima.

GRAND JUR" * + group of 9@ to 0; citi!ens that listen to the prosecutor5s evidence of criminal
allegations and decide whether there is probable cause to believe a person committed a crime and to charge them with that crime.

MARE#E JURIU - n grup de 9@ pana la 0; de cetateni care asculta la evidenta acu!arii despre acu!atiile criminale si decide daca
e&ista o cau!a probabila de a crede ca persoana a comis crima sau infractiunea si a
o acu!a de acea infractiune.

GRAND T'EFT * aking and carrying away the personal property of another person of a value in e&cess
of an amount set by law with the intent to deprive the owner or possessor of it permanently.

MARE#E JAF - 'uarea si indepartarea proprietatii personale a unei alte persone de o valoare care depaseste suma stabilita prin
lege,cu intentia de a*l priva pe proprietar, sau posesor, in mod permanent.

GRANTOR OR SETT#OR * he person who sets up a trust.

DISPO!ANT - 6ersoana care stabileste tutela.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary @K

GREAT BODI#" INJUR"  1n#ury which involves a substantial risk of death, serious permanent disfigurement, or loss of
function of any part of an organ of the body. 1s a graver and more serious than ordinary battery.

ATAMARE TRUPEASCA GRAA - 3atamare care implica un risc foarte mare de moarte, desfigurare permanenta grava, sau
pierderea functiei oricarei parti a unui organ al trupului. -ste mai grava si mai
serioasa decat o bataie obisnuita.

GROSS NEG#IGENCE – + negligent act(s) which is reckless or flagrant and which is such a departure
from conduct of an ordinary, prudent person under the same circumstances as to be contrary to a proper regard for human life or to
constitute indifference to the consequences of those acts. he facts must be
such that the consequences of the negligent act(s) could reasonably have been foreseen and it must appear that the deathdanger to

human life was

and probable not the
result result oforinattention
of reckless flagrantly or mistaken
negligent #udgment, but the natural
act.

NEG#IJENTA CRASA - n act de negli#enta care este imprudent sau flagrant si care este in afara conduitei normale a unei
persone prudente sub aceleasi circumstante, contrar respectului pentru viata umana si care constituie indiferenta fata de consecintele
acestui act. "aptele trbuie sa fie astfel incat consecintele actului de negli#enta sa fi putut fi preva!ute in mod re!onabil si trebuie sa
apara ca moartea sau pericolulu fata de viata umana nu a fost re!ultatul unei #udecati neatente sau gresite, ci re!ultatul probabil si
natural al unui act negli#ent, flagrant sau imprudent.

GROUNDS * + foundation or basis points relied on.

MOTIE - : fundatie sau o ba!a puncte de spri#in.

GUARDIAN * + person appointed by will or by law to assume responsibility for incompetent adults or
minor children. 1f a parent dies, this will usually be the other parent. 1f both die, it probably will be a close relative. 1n $uvenile
2ependency cases, once a guardian is appointed, dependency may be terminated.

TUTORE
minori. - :un
2aca persoana
parinte desemnata prinva
moare, acesta testament
fi in modsau prin lege
normal sa isi
celalalt assume
parinte. responsabilitatea
2aca amandoi mor pentru adulti
, probabil va incompetenti sau copii
fi probabil o rudenie
apropiata. 1n ca!urile de 2ependeta $uvenila, odata ce
turorele este desemnat , dependenta poate fi terminate.

GUARDIAN AD #ITEM * +n adult appointed by a court who represents a minor child or legally
incompetent person. (4ee also +2 '1-M).

TUTORE#E *AD #ITEM+ - n adult desemnat de un tribunal care repre!inta un copil minor sau un adult incompetent ( 3e!i
de asemenea +2 '1-M).

GUARDIANS'IP * + court proceeding where a #udge chooses someone to care for a person under age 9B
or to manage the minor5s estate (property), or both. 1n some states, conservatorship of an adult is called guardianship, but not in
California. (Compare with C:<4-R3+:R4D16.)

TUTE#A - : procedura #udecatoreasca prin care un #udecator alege pe cineva sa aiba gri#a de o persoana sub 9B ani sau sa
administre!e proprietatea unui minor, sau ambele. 1n unele state, custodia unui adult este

numita tutela, dar nu in California. ( Compara cu C4:21-).

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary IA

GUI#T" * + court decision that a defendant committed a crime.

INOAT - : deci!ie #udecatoreasca ca reclamatul a comis o infractiune.

GUI#T" P#EA * %hen a person admits in court that he or she is guilty of a crime.

P#EDOARIE DE INOATIE - Cand o persoana recunoaste in tribunal ca este vinovata de o infractiune.

'ABEAS CORPUS * he name of a writ used to bring a person before a court or #udge to decide whether
that person is being unlawfully denied his or her freedom. he term comes from 'atin.

(****) * <umele unui unui mandat folosit pentru a aduce o persoana in fata instantei sau a #udecatorului cu scopul de a decide daca
persoanei 1 se neaga illegal dreptul la libertatea sa.. ermenul deriva din limba latina.

'ANDCUFFS * Chains or shackles for the hands to secure prisoners.

CATUSE - 'anturi pentru a securi!a pri!onierii.

'ARASSMENT * %ords, gestures, and actions which tend to annoy, alarm, and verbally abuse another
person.

'ARTUIRE - Cuvinte, gesture, sau actiuni care tind sa irite, sa alarne!e si sa abu!e!e verbal o alta persoana.

'ARM#ESS ERROR * +n error committed during a trial that was corrected or was not serious enough to
affect the outcome of a trial and therefore was not sufficiently harmful (pre#udicial) to be reversed on appeal.

GRESEA#A INOFENSIA - : eroare comisa in timpul unui proces care a fost corectata sau nu a fost sufficient de serioasa
pentru a afecta re!ultatul #udecatii, si de aceea nu a fost sufficient de daunatoare pentru a fi reversata printr*un apel.

'ARE" %AIER  he facts, relating to a charge that was dismissed as part of a plea bargain, are
7related to8 the particular charge for which the minor is being sentenced may be considered at the time of disposition.

(****) * "aptele referitoare la o acu!atie care a fost suspendata ca parte a unei tran!actii, sunt legate de acu!atia anume pentru care
minorul este condamnat, se poate lua in considerare de la timpul hotaririi.

'EARING * + formal court proceeding with the #udge and opposing sides present, but no #ury.

AUDIERE - : procedura #udecatoreasca formala unde #udecatorul si partile opuse sunt pre!ente, dar fara #uriu.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I9

'EARING, CONTESTED * + hearing held for the purpose of deciding issues or fact of law that both parties are disputing.

AUDIERE CONTESTATA - : audiere tinuta cu scopul de a decide aspecte sau fapt de lege pe care le disputa amandoua partile.

'EARING DE NOO * + full, new hearing.

AUDIERE DIN NOU - : noua adiere completa.

'EARING, PRE#IMINAR" * he hearing given to person accused of crime, by a magistrate or #udge, to
determine whether there is enough evidence to warrant the confinement and holding to bail the person accused.

AUDIERE PRE#IMINARA - +udierea unei personae acu!ate de o crima, de catre un magistrate sau un #udecator pentru a
determina daca e&ista suficienta evidenta ca sa imputerniceasca intemnitarea si retinerea pentru cautiune a persoanei acu!ate.

'EARSA" * 4tatements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question, but heard about it
from someone else. Dearsay usually can5t be used as evidence in court.

!ON - 2eclaratii prin care un martor care nu ava!ut sau a au!it incidental in chestiune, dar a au!it despre
el de la altcineva. Jvonul, de obicei, nu poate fi folosit ca evidenta la #udecata.

'EIR - + person that has the right to inherit money or property from someone who dies without a will.

MOSTENITOR - : persoana care are dreptul sa mosteneasca bani sau proprietate de la cineva care moare fara sa lase testament.

'IT AND RUN * Crime in which the driver of a vehicle leaves the scene of an accident without
identifying himself or herself.

FUGA DE #A #OCU# FAPTEI - 1nfractiune in care soferul unui vehicol paraseste scena accidentului fara sa se identifice.

'ITC' MOTION - + request to e&clude evidence.

MOTIUNE DE MUTARE - Cerere de a e&clude evidenta.

'O#DING CE## * + temporary location inside a courthouse where prisoners are held before and after
their court appearance.

CE#U#A DE RETINERE - : incapere in incinta #udecatoriei unde pri!onierii sunt retinuti inainte si dupa aparitia la #udecata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I0

'O#OGRAP'IC %I## * + handwritten will. he court needs to see proof of the person5s handwriting. <o one has to witness or
notari!e a handwritten will.

TESAMENT O#OGRAF - n testament scris de mana. ribunalul necesita o dovada a scrisului de

mana a persoanei respective. <imeni nu trebuie sa fie martor sau sa notari!e!e un testament scris de mana.

'OME MONITORING * +n alternative to imprisonment where an individual is confined to his or her

home and monitored electronically.

SUPRAEG'EREA DOMICI#IU#UI - : alternative la intemnitare unde individul este inchis in casa sa

si este monitori!at electronic.

'OME SUPERISION  emporary house arrest for a minor while awaiting the courtFs final decision.
+lso used as punishment after the courtFs final decision.

SUPRAEG'ERE #A DOMICI#IU - +rest temporar la domiciliu al unui minor in timp ce se asteapta deci!ia finala a
tribunalului. 4e foloseste de asemenea ca pedeapsa dupa deci!ia finala a tribunalului.

'OMICIDE * he unlawful killing of one human being by another.

OMUCIDERE - :morirea ilegala a unei finite omenesti de catre o alta.

'OSTI#E %ITNESS * + witness whose testimony is not favorable to the party who calls him or her as a
witness. May be asked leading questions and may be cross*e&amined by the party who calls him or her to the stand.

MARTOR OSTI# - Martor a carui marturie nu favori!ea!a partea care l*a chemat sa depuna marturie. 6oate sa i se adrese!e
intrebari cu o anumita tenta si poate sa fie contrae&aminat de catre partea care l*a chemat la bara.

'UNG JUR" * + #ury whose members cannot agree upon a verdict.

JURIU DIERGENT - $uriu ai carui membrii nu poate sa cada de acord.

'"POT'ETICA# &UESTION * +n imaginary situation, using facts previously admitted into evidence,
upon which an e&pert witness is permitted to give an opinion as to a condition resulting from the situation.

C'ESTIUNE IPOTETICA * 4ituatie imaginara folosind fapte care au fost in preala bil acceptate ca evidenta la care unui
martor e&pert i se permite sa is idea parerea cu privire la conditia care re!ulta din aceasta sitiatie.

IDIOC"- 1t is the complete absence of mind that is generally the result of a birth defect rather than a
disease.

IDIOTIE - -ste absenta completa de inteligenta care in general este re!ultatul unui defect de nastere, mai degraba decat a unei boli.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I;

IGNORANCE OF FACT- he lack of knowledge of some fact or facts relating to the sub#ect matter at hand. May sometimes be
used as a defense or ground for relief.

IGNORAREA FAPTU#UI - -ste lipsa de cunoastere a unui fapt sau a unor fapte legate de subiectul problemei in chestiune.
6oate uneori sa fie folosita ca aparare sau ba!a de eliberare.

I##EGA# * +gainst, or not authori!ed by law.

I#EGA# – 1mpotriva sau neautori!at de lege.

IMMINENT PERI# – Certain, immediate, and impending danger.

PERICO# IMINENT - 6ericol sigur, imediat si inevitabil.

IMMUNIT" * + right to be e&cepted from duty or penalty. (4ee also 6R131'-/-.)

IMUNITATE - 2reptul de a fi e&ceptat de la o datorie sau pedeapsa.

IMPANE# * o seat a #ury. %hen voir dire is finished and both sides have e&ercised their challenges, the
#ury is impaneled. he #urors are sworn in and the trial is ready to proceed.

EMPANE# – + ruga #uriul sa se ase!e. Cand #uramantul martorilor este terminat si amandoua partile au e&ercitat atributiile lor,
uriul este empalat. $uratii depun #uramant si #udecata urmea!a sa inceapa.

IMPEAC'MENT OF %ITNESS * o call into question the truthfulness of a witness.

DISCREDITAREA UNUI MARTOR - + chestiona veridicitatea unei marturii.

IMP#IED – %here intention is not manifested by e&plicit words, but is gathered by implication.

IMP#ICAT - nde intentia nu este manifestata prin cuvinte e&plicite, dar este inteleasa prin implicare.

IMP#IED CONTRACT * + contract in which the promise made by on party is not e&pressed, but inferred
by that party5s conduct or is implied in law.

CONTRACT SUBAINTE#ES * n contract in care promisiunea facuta de catre o parte nu este e&primata , ci insinuata de
conduita partii, sau este insinuata prin lege.

IMPOUND * o take and keep an animal or an ob#ect in custody.

A INC'IDE - + lua si a tine un animal sau un obiect in custodie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I=

IMPRISONMENT – he act of putting or confining a man in prison, or the restraint of a manFs personal liberty.

INTEMNITARE - +ctul de a pune sau a inchide o persoana in inchisoare, sau restringerea libertatii personale a unui om.

INADMISSIB#E * Cannot be admitted as evidence in a trial or hearing.

INADMISIBI# - <u poate fi admis ca evidenta intr*un process sau o audiere.

IN CAMERA * + hearing held in the #udge5s chambers or in a court with all spectators (including the #ury)
e&cluded. "rom the 'atin that means >in chamber.8

IN CAMERA - : audiere tinuta in camerele unui #udecator sau in tribunal e&clu!and tot publicul (inclusiv #uriul). 2e la semnificatia
din limba 'atina 7in camera.8

INCAPACIT" * he lack of power or the legal ability to act.

INCAPACITATEA - +bsenta puterii sau abilitatii legale de a actiona.

INCARCERATE * o put in #ail or prison.

INCARCERARE - + trimite la temnita sau la inchisoare.

INCEST * 4e&ual intercourse between persons so closely related that marriage between them would be
unlawful.

INCEST - Relatia se&uala intre personae atat de mult inrudite incat casatoria dintre el ear fi ilegala.

INCOMPETENC" * 'ack of capacity to understand the nature and ob#ect of the proceedings, to consult
with counsel, and to assist in preparing a defense.

INCOMPETENTA - 1ncapacitatea de a intelege natura si obiectul procedurii, de a se sfatui cu un consilier

si de asista la pregatirea apararii.

INCRIMINATE * o hold yourself or another person responsible for criminal actions.

INCRIMINARE - + se acu!a pe sine sau o alta persoana de actiuni infractionale.

INDECENT E)POSURE * 4howing private body parts in a lewd or indecent manner in a public place.

E)PUNERE INDECENTA - -&punere a partilor intime ale corpului intr*un mod desfranat sau indecent, inttr*un loc public.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I?

INDEMNIF" * 'iability for loss is shifted from one person held legally responsible to another.

COMPENSATIE - Responsabilitatea pierderii este transferata de la persoana legal responsabila la alta persoana.

INDEMNIT" * +n obligation to provide compensation (usually money) for a loss, hurt or damage.

INDEMNITATE - : obligatie de a oferi compensatie (in general bani) pentru o pierdere, vatamare sau pagubire.

INDEPENDENT E)ECUTOR * + special kind of e&ecutor, permitted by the laws of certain states, who
performs the duties of an e&ecutor without intervention by the court.

E)ECUTOR INDEPENDENT - n anume tip de e&ecutor, acceptat de legile unor anumite state, care indeplineste indatoririle
unui e&ecutor fara o interventie de la tribunal.

INDETERMINATE SENTENCE * + sentence of imprisonment to a specified minimum and ma&imum

period of time, specifically authori!ed by statute, sub#ect to termination by a parole board or other authori!ed agency after the
prisoner has served the minimum term.

SENTINTA NEDETERMINATA - : sentinta de intemnitare pentru o perioada specificata de timp, minima sau ma&ima, special
autori!ata prin statut, supusa terminarii de catre un bord de parol sau o alta agentie autori!ata dupa ce intemnitatul a servit
unterment minim.

INDIAN C'I#D %E#FARE ACT (IC%A) * "ederal law to protect the integrity of 1ndian families.

(****) * 'ege federala care prote#ea!a integritatea familiilor indiene.

INDICTMENT * + formal charge by a grand #ury saying there is enough evidence that the defendant
committed the crime to #ustify having a trial. sed primarily for felonies.

INCRIMINARE - : acu!atie formala de catre marele #uriu declarand ca e&ista suficienta evidenta ca reclamatul a cois crima
care #ustifica procesul. 4e foloseste in special in ca!ul delictelor.

INDIGENT * + person who is poor, needy, and has no one to look to for support.

NEOIAS - : persoana care este saraca, in nevoie si nu are nici un mi#loc de suport.

INDIIDUA# EDUCATION P#AN (IEP N 6lan for a student who is entitled to special education
services.

P#AN INDIIDUA# DE EDUCATIE - 6lan pentru un elev care este aprobat pentru servicii speciale
de educatie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary I@

INDORSEMENT - hat which is written on the back of a negotiable instrument. 1t is also used with reference to writs,
insurance policies, certificates of stocks, etc.

AUTORI!ATIE - Ceea ce este scris pe spatele unui instrument negociabil. -ste de asemenea folosit in ca!ul citatiilor, politelor de
asigurare, certificatilor de aprovi!ionare etc.

IN FORMA PAUPERIS * %hen the court says a person does not have to pay a filing fee because the
person can5t afford it. 1n 'atin, means >in the manner of a pauper.8

(****) * Cand tribunalul decide ca o persoana nu trebuie sa plateasca ta&a de inscriere datorita faptului ca persoana respective nu isi
permite. 1n 'atina, inseamna 7in the manner of a pauper.8

INFORMANT * +n undisclosed person who confidentially discloses material information of a crime to the
police, which is usually done in e&change for a reward or special treatment.

INFORMATOR - : persoana a carei identitate ramane ascunsa, care divulga politiei informatii in legatura
cu o infractiune si care, in mod normal, face aceasta pentru o recompense sau pentru un tratament special.

INFORMATION * + written accusation charging a person with a crime. 1t is presented in court by a

prosecuting officer under oath and does not come from a grand #ury.

INFORMATIE - n document in scris care acu!a o persoana de o infractiune. -ste pre!entata in tribunal
de un ofiter.

INFRACTION * + minor violation of a law, contract, or right that is not a misdemeanor or a felony and
can5t be punished by time in prison. Minor traffic offenses are generally considered infractions.

CONTRAENTIE - : violare minora a legii, contractului, sau a unui drept, care nu este o crima sau un delict si nu poate fi
pedepsita cu timp in inchisoare. /reseli minori de traffic sunt in general considerate contraventii.

IN'ABITED – +ct of residing actually and permanently in a given place or dwelling. 4ynonymous with
domicile, dwell, live, so#ourn.

#OCUIT - +ctul de a locui actualmente si permanent intr*un loc dat sau o locuinta, sinonim cu a domicilia, a locui, a trai,
sau a sedea.

IN'ABITED D%E##ING – + structure which is currently used as a residence whether occupied or not.
Courts fle&ibly interpret this term. 1t is still inhabited even if the occupants are temporarily absent.

CASA #OCUITA - : cladire care este folosita in mod current ca re!identa, fie ca este ocupata sau nu. ribunalele interpretea!a
acest termen in mod foarte liber. -ste locuita chiar daca ocupantii sunt absenti temporar.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary II

IN'ERITANCE TA) * + state ta& on property that an heir or beneficiary under a will receives from a deceased person5s estate.
he heir or beneficiary pays this ta&.

TA)A DE MOSTENIRE - : ta&a de stat pe o proprieate pe care o primeste un mostenitor sau un beneficiar prin testament din
averea unei persone decedate. Mostenitorul sau beneficiarul plateste aceast ta&a.

INITIA# APPEARANCE * 1n criminal law, the hearing at which a #udge determines whether there is
sufficient evidence against a person charged with a crime to hold him or her for trial. he Constitution bans secret accusations, so initial
appearances are public unless the defendant asks otherwise the accused must
be present, though he or she usually does not offer evidence. +lso called "1R4 +66-+R+<C- .

APARITIE
unei acu!ate de -o1ninfractiune
personaeINITIA#A legea infractionala,
pentru a o procesul in care
retine pentru #udecatorul
#udecata. determina
Constituia dacaacu!atii
inter!ice e&ista suficienta evidenta
secrete, asa impotriva
ca aparitiile initiale
sunt publice, in afara daca reclamatul cere opusul. +cu!atul trebuie sa fie pre!ent cu toate ca el sau ea nu ofera evidenta, de obicei.
4e numeste de asemeni 6rima +paritie.

INJUNCTION * + court order that says a defendant can5t perform, or must perform, a specific act. (4ee
R-4R+1<1</ :R2-R.)

ORDIN DE INTERDICTIE - n ordin #udecatoresc care spune ca un reclamat poate sau nu poate sa faca
un anumit lucru. 3e!i Restraining :rder.

IN #OCO PARENTIS * 'atin meaning >in the place of the parent.> Refers to actions of a custodian,
guardian, or other person acting in the parent5s place.

IN #OCU# PARINTI#OR - -&presie 'atina care inseamna 7in locul parintelui8. 4e refera la actiunile unui custodiant, tutore, sau
alta persoana care actionea!a in locul parintelui.

INMATE * + person confined to a prison, penitentiary, or #ail.

PUSCARIAS - : persoana retinuta intr*o inchisoare, penitenciar, sau puscarie.

INNOCENT UNTI# PROEN GUI#T" * + belief in the +merican legal system which states that all
people accused of a criminal act are considered not to have committed the crime until the evidence leaves
no doubt in the mind of the court or the #ury that the accused did or did not commit the crime.

NEINOAT PANA #A DOEDIREA INOATIEI - -ste un cre! in sistemul #uridic +merican care declara ca toti oamenii
acu!ati infractional sunt considerati de a nu fi comis infractiunea pana cand nu
ramane nici o indoiala in mintea #udecatorului si a #uriului ca acu!tul a comis sau nu infrcatiunea.

IN PERSONAM - +n act or proceeding done or directed against or with reference to a specific person.

(****) * n act sau o procedura facuta sau indreptata impotriva, sau referitor la o persoana anume.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary IB

IN PROPIA PERSONA (IN PRO PER * %hen a person represents himself or herself without a lawyer. his comes from the 'atin
for >in one5s own proper person.> (4ee also 6R: 6-R +<2 6R: 4-.)

(****) * Cand o persoana se repre!inta pe sine fara avocet. 6rovine din 'atina 7in proprie personae8. (3e!i
de asemenea 6ro 6er si 6ro 4e).

IN REM * + procedural term used to designate proceedings or actions instituted against the thing in
contrast to actions instituted 1< 6-R4:<+M or against the person.

(****) * n termen de procedura folosit pentru a determina procedurile sau actiunile instituite impotriva unui lucru spre deosebire de
actiunile instituite 1n 6ersona, sau impotriva personei.

INSANIT" P#EA * + claim by a defendant that he or she lacks the soundness of mind required by law to
accept responsibility for a criminal act.

P#EDOARIE DE A#IENARE MENTA#A - 6retentia unui reclamat de*1 lipsi sanatatea mintuala ceruta
de catre lege pentru accepta responsabilitatea pentru un act infractional.

INSTRUCTIONS * he e&planation of constitutional rights given by a #udge to a defendant.

INDICATII - -&plicatia drepturilor constitutionale data de un #udecator unui reclamat.

INTANGIB#E ASSETS * 6roperty that you own, but do not physically have. "or e&ample, stocks, bonds,
bank accounts, copyrights, patents, etc.

AERE INTANGIBI#A - 6roprietate pe care o pose!i darn u o ai fi!ic. 2e e&emplu actiuni, cupoane, conturi bancare, drept de
autor , patente etc.

INTENT * he purpose to use a particular means to bring about a certain result.

INTENTIE - 4copul de a folosi anumite metode pentru a obtine un anumit re!ultat.

INTENT TO DEFRAUD –o have in mind a purpose to cheat or trick someone. "or e&ample, purposely
writing a bad check.

INTENTIE DE FRAUDA - +*ti propune sa inseli sau sa induci in eroare pe cineva. 2e e&emplu a scrie
un cec fara acoperire in mod intentionat.

INTER A#IA * +mong other things.

(****) * 6rintre alte lucruri.

INTER IOS GIFT * + gift made during the giver5s life.

(****) * n dar facut in timp ce daruitorul este inca in viata. n alt nume pentru 7un dar in viata.8

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary IK

INTER#INEATIONS - he act of writing between the lines of a document.

SCRIERE PRINTRE RANDURI - +ctiunea de a scrie printer liniile unui document.

INTER#OCUTOR" * 6rovisional not final. +n interlocutory appeal concerns only a part of the issues
raised in a lawsuit. (Compare to 2-CR--.)

PROI!ORIU - emporar, neterminat. n apel provi!oriucare se ocupa numai cu o parte din problemele care apar intr*o
acu!atie. (Compara cu 2ecree).

party. he third party %hen two them

or more people saywith
theyeach
haveother
a claim to thetheir
samedispute.
thing held by a third
INTERP#EADER -
may force to go to trial to settle

ACTIUNE PETITORIE INCIDENTA - Cand doua sau mai multe personae pretend acelasi lucru care este retinut de o terta
persoana care ii poate obliga pe cei doi sa mearga la #udecata, pentru a*si re!olva disputa

INTERPRETER - + person who is certified as being able to translate, orally or in writing, spoken or sign language into the common
language of the court.

TRANS#ATOR - : persoana care este autori!ata si este capabila sa trduca oral sau in scris limba vorbita sau prin semen in limba#ul
obisnuit al tribunalului.

INTERROGATORIES * %ritten questions asked by one party in a lawsuit for which the opposing party
must answer them in writing.

INTEROGATORII - 1ntrebari scrise, adresate de una dintre parti intr*un proces legal la care partea opusa trebuie sa raspunda in
scris.

INTERENOR - + person who voluntarily interrupts in an action or other proceeding with the leave of
the court.

INTERENIENT - : persoana care intrerupe voluntar o actiune sau procedura cu permisiunea tribunalului.

INTERENTION * +n action by which a third person who may be affected by a lawsuit is permitted to
become a party to the suit. 2iffers from the process of becoming an +M1C4 CR1+-.

INTERENTII - : actiune prin care unei a treia persoane care poate fi afectate de un proces i se permite
sa devina parte a procesului. -ste diferit de procesul de a deveni 7+micus Curiare.8

INTESTAC" #A%S * 4ee 2-4C-< +<2 214R1H1:< 4+-4.

#EGI DE INTESTATII -3e!i 4tatutele de 4uccesiune si 2istribuire.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary BA

INTESTATE - o die without making a will or leaving instructions for disposal of your property after death. (4ee -4+-.)

INTESTAT - + muri fara a lasa testament sau cedare a proprietatii personale dupa moarte. 3e!i a
estata.

INTESTATE SUCCESSION * he process by which the property of a person who has died without a will
passes on to others according to state law.

SUCESIUNE INTESTATATA - 6rocesul prin care proprietatea unei personae care a murit fara a lasa testament trece in posesia
altora in de accord cu legea statului.

INTO)ICATION – + diminished ability to act with full mental and physical capabilities because of
alcohol or drug consumption drunkenness.

INTO)ICARE - +bilitate diminuata da a actiona in deplina capacitate mentala si fi!ica din cau!a consumului de alcool si
drog betie.

INTRODUCTOR" INSTRUCTIONS – 6re*trial admonitions or statements by #udge or other court

official that e&plain to the #ury, lawyers, and or audience their duties, and obligations during court proceedings.

INSTRUCTIUNI INTRODUCTORII - +dmonestari si declaratii facute de #udecator inainte de #udecata, sau catre alta autoritate a
tribunalului, care e&plica #uriului, avocatilor si sau audientei datoriile si
obligatiile lor in timpul procedurilor legale.

INESTIGATION * + legal inquiry to discover and collect facts concerning a certain matter.

INESTIGATIE - : cercetare legala pentru a descoperi si a culege fapte referitoare la o anumita problema.

INO#UNTAR" MANS#AUG'TER – he unlawful killing of a human being in which there is no

intention to kill or do grievous bodily harm, but that is committed with criminal negligence or during the commission of a crime not
included within the felony murder rule. (+lso called negligent manslaughter.)

OMORIRE PRIN IMPRUDENTA - ciderea ilegala a unei finite umane in care nu e&ista nici o intentie
de omorire sau de a cau!a vatamare trupeasca chinuitoare, dar aceasta este comisa prin negli#enta sau in timpul comiterii unei
infractiuni care nu este inclusa in regula delictului de crima. (4e mai numeste ucidere din negli#enta.)

INO#UNTAR" INTO)ICATION – he ingestion of alcohol or drugs against oneFs will or without
ones knowledge. his may be used as an affirmative defense to a criminal negligence charge.

INTO)ICARE INO#UNTARA - 1nghitirea de alcool sau droguri impotriva vointei sau fara cunostinta cuiva. +ceasta se poate
folosi ca aparare afirmativa fata de o acu!atie de negli#enta criminala.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B9

IRRE#EANT * -vidence not sufficiently related to the matter at issue.

IRE#EANT - -videnta care nu este suficient de repre!entativa fata de problema in chestiune.

IRREOCAB#E TRUST * + trust that cannot be changed or cancelled after it is made.

TUTE#A IREOCABI#A - : tutela care nu poate fi schimbata sau anulata up ace este facuta.

ISSUE * 9) he disputed point in a disagreement between parties in a lawsuit. 0) o send out officially, as
when a court issues an order.

CA! - 9) 6unctul de divergenta intr*o neintelegere intre partile implicate intr*un proces.0 ) + inmina oficial, ca si in ca!ul in
care tribunalul trimite un mandate.

JAI# * + place of confinement that is more than a police station and less than a prison. 1t is usually used to
hold persons convicted of misdemeanors or persons awaiting trial.

INC'ISOARE - n loc de retinere care este mai mare decat de o statie de politie si mai mic decat . -ste
de obicei folosit pentru a retine persoanele condamnate de infractiune sau persoanele care sunt in asteptarea unui proces.

JEOPARD" * Risk to a defendant of possible conviction and punishment. 1n a criminal case, the
defendant is usually said to be >in #eopardy> after the preliminary hearing has taken place and the #ury has been sworn in.

PERICO# - Riscul unui reclamat de a fi condamnat si pedepsit intr*un ca! infractional, se spune de obicei
c reclamatul este la risc dup ace audierea preliminara a luat loc si #uriul a depus #uramantul.

JO'NSON MOTION * + motion to discuss grand #ury indictment.

(****) * : motiune pentru a discuta incriminarea marelui #uriu.

JOIN * o unite, to combine, to enter into an alliance.

A UNI - + uni, a combina, a intra intr*o alianta.

JOINDER - /enerally, a bringing or #oining together. "or e&ample, plaintiff5s #oining in a suit, or a #oining
of actions or defense.

UNIRE A PARTI#OR CA REC#AMANTI - 1n general a aduce sau a se uni, de e&emplu reclamanti se unesc intr*un proces sau o
unire a actiunilor, sau a apararii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B0

JOINT AND SEERA# #IABI#IT" * + legal doctrine that makes each of the parties who are responsible for an in#ury liable
for all the damages awarded in a lawsuit if the other parties responsible cannot pay.

(****) * : doctrina #uridica prin care fiecare dintre partile care sunt responsabile pentru o vatamare, sunt facute responsabile
pentru toate pagubele atribuite unui proces, daca celelalte parti responsabile nu pot plati.

JOINT TENANC" * %hen two or more people own something and have rights of survivorship. his
means that if one tenant dies, his or her share goes to the other tenants.

POSESIUNE COMUNA - Cand doua sau mai multe persoane sunt proprietare ale unui singur lucru si au dreptul de supravietuire.
+ceasta inseamna ca daca unul dintre proprietary moare, partea sa a#unge in

posesia celuilalt.

JOINT ENTURE * +n association of persons #ointly undertaking some commercial enterprise. nlike a
partnership, a #oint venture does not entail a continuing relationship among the parties.

INTREPRINDERE COMUNA * : asociere de personae unite care sabilesc impreuna o intreprindere. 4pre deosebire de
parteneriat, o intreprindere unita nu implica o relati continua intre pari.

JO"RIDING * 1llegally taking an automobile without intent to deprive the owner permanently of the
vehicle, often involving reckless driving.

CA#ATORIE DE P#ACERE - 'uarea ilegala a unui automobile fara intentia de a*l priva pe proprietar in mod praentde vehicul
implicand conducerea negli#enta a lui.

JUDGE * +n elected or appointed public official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law.

JUDECATOR - : persoana oficiala publica selectata sau numita pentru a audia sau a decide ca!urile in tribunal.

JUDGMENT (JUDGEMENT * he #udge5s final decision in a case. 1t says how much the person who
lost has to pay the person who won, and when. 4ometimes, you can change part of the #udgment with a hearing.

JUDECATA - 2eci!ia finala a unui #udecator intr*un process. +rata cat trebuie sa plateasca persoana care
a pierdut ca!ul persoanei care a castigat, si cand. neori #udecata poate fi schimbata printr*o audiere.

JUDGMENT CREDITOR - he person who wins the case.

(****) * 6ersoana care castiga un proces.

JUDGMENT DEBTOR - he person who loses the case.

(****) * 6ersoana care pierde ca!ul.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B;

JUDICIA# COUNCI# - he constitutionally mandated body responsible for improving the administration
of #ustice in the state. he council is made up of #udges, court e&ecutives, attorneys, and legislators. 1t was established to standardi!e
court administration, practice, and procedure by adopting and enforcing court
rules.

CONSI#IU JUDECATORESC - Corpul insarcinat prin constitutie de a imbunatati administrarea #ustitiei

in stat. Consiliul este format din #udecatori, persoana e&ecutive, avocati si legislatori. + fost stability
pentru a standardi!e administrarea , practica si procedura tribunalului, prin adoptarea si impunerea regulilor #udecatoresti.

JUDICIA# NOTICE * + court5s recognition of the truth of basic facts without formal evidence.

AI! JUDECATORESC - Recunoasterea de catre un tribunal a adevarului in legatura cu o fapta simpla fara evidenta stricta.

JUDICIA# OFFICER - $udges, referees, and commissioners who make court decisions as a #udge.

OFITER JUDECATORESC - $udecatori , arbitrii si comisari care iau deci!ii #udecatoresti intocmai ca
un #udecator.

JUDICIA# REIE% * he authority of a court to review the official actions of other branches of
government. +lso, the authority to declare unconstitutional the actions of other branches.

REI!UIRE JUDECATOREASCA - +utoritatea unui tribunal de a revi!uia actiunile oficiala ale altor branse ale guvernului. 2e
asemeni, autoritatea de a declara neconstitutionale actiunile altor branse.

JURAT - Certificate of officer or person before whom writing was sworn to. he clause written at the foot
of an affidavit, stating where, when, and before whom the affidavit was sworn.

DEC#ARATIE - Certificatul unui ofiter sau persoane inaintea caruia s*a facut scrierea sub #uramant, clau!a scrisa in subsolul
paginii unei depo!itii aratand unde, cand si inaintea cui s*a ratificat documentul.

JURISDICTION * (9) he legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. (0) he geographic area
over which the court has authority to decide cases. (;) the territory, sub#ect matter, or persons over which lawful authority may be
e&ercised by a court.

JURISDICTIE - 9) +utoritatea #udecatoreasca a unui tribunal de a audia si #udeca un ca! . 0) Jona geografica peste
tribunalul are autoritate de a decide ca!urile. ;) eritoriul, problema, sau persoanele asupra carora un tribunal poate sa
e&ercite autoritate legala.

JURISDICTIONA# 'EARINGS  + hearing at which the court determines whether the child falls
within the #urisdiction of the #uvenile court.

AUDIERI JURISDICTIONA#E - : audiere la care tribunalul hotaraste daca un copil cade sub #urisdictia tribunalului
#uvenile.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B=

JURISPRUDENCE * he study of law and the structure of the legal system.

JURISPRUDENTA - 4tudiul legii si al structurii unui system legal.

JUROR * Member of the #ury.

JURAT - Membru al #uriului.

JUROR, A#TERNATE * +dditional #uror impaneled in case of sickness or disability of another #uror.

JURAT DE RE!ERA - n #urat aditional inclus pe lista in ca! de boala sau debilitate a unui alt #urat.

JUR" * + group of citi!ens picked according to law and authori!ed to decide a case.

JURIU - n grup de cetateni ales in de accord cu legea si autori!at sa hotareasca un ca!.

JUR" BO) * he specific place in the courtroom where the #ury sits during the trial.

BO)A PENTRU JURATI - 'ocul special intr*un sala de tribunal unde #uriul este ase!at in timpul procesului.

JUR" COMMISSIONER * he local official responsible for giving the court lists of qualified potential
#urors.

COMISAR A# JURIU#UI - 6ersoana oficiala locala responsabila pentru a da tribunalului listele de potentiali #urati.

JUR" FOREMAN * he #uror who is in charge of the #ury during deliberations and speaks for the #ury in
court when announcing the verdict.

PRIM JURAT A# JURIU#UI - -ste #uratul care repre!inta #uriul in timpul deliberarilor si vorbeste oentru #uriu la tribunal
cand anunta verdictul.

JUR", 'UNG * + #ury which is unable to agree on a verdict after a suitable period of deliberation.

(****) - n #uriu care nu este capabil sa cada de accord asupra unui verdict dupa perioada acordata pentru deliberare.

JUR" INSTRUCTIONS - 2irections that the #udge gives the #ury right before they decide a case. hey
tell the #ury what laws apply to that particular case.

INSTRUCTIUNI A#E JURIU#UI - 2irectivi pe care le da #udecatorul #uratilor chiar inainte de a hotari ca!ul. -i spun #uriului care
legi se aplica in ca!ul respectiv.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B?

JUR" TRIA# * + trial that is heard and decided by a #ury.

PROCES A# JURIU#UI - n proces #udecat si conclu!ionat de un #uriu.

JUSTIFICATION – + lawful or sufficient reason for oneFs acts or omissions. + defense of #ustification is
a showing of a sufficient reason for an action by defendant. "or e&ample, in an assault prosecution against
a defendant, a #ustification would be that the violence was necessary.

JUSTIFICARE - n motiv legal si sufficient pentru actiunile de omitere a cuiva. : aparare de #ustificare inseamna a arata motiv
sufficient pentru o actiune facuta de catre reclamat. 1ntr*un atac al acu!arii
impotriva reclamatului, #ustificare inseamna ca violenta a fost nevesara.

JUSTIFIAB#E * 1ssues and claims capable of being properly e&amined in court.

JUSTIFICAT - 6robleme si plangeri care pot fi e&aminte in mod correct in tribunal.

JUSTIFIAB#E 'OMICIDE – he intentional killing of another human being without any evil design,
and under such circumstances of necessity or duty as render the act proper, and relieve the party from any shadow of blame.

OMUCIDERE JUSTIFICATA - :morirea intentionata a unei alte finite omenesti fara un scop rau si sub circumstante de asa natura
incat califica actul ca #ustificat si eliberea!a partea de orice umbra de vinovatie.

JUENI#E * + person under 9B years old. (4ee also M1<:R.)

JUENI# - : persoana sub optsepre!ece ani.

JUENI#E COURT – 6art of the 4uperior Court that handles delinquency and dependency cases
involving minors.

TRIBUNA# JUENI# - 6arte a Curtii 4uperioare care se ocupa cu ca!uri de delincventa si dependenta implicand minori.

JUENI#E 'A## * he facility where #uvenile offenders are held in custody.

INC'ISOARE JUENI#A - Cladirea in care infractorii #uvenili sunt tinuti in custodie.

JUENI#E %AIER * + procedure by which a charge(s) against a minor is transferred from a #uvenile
to circuit court.

(****) - : procedura prin care acu!atia impotriva unui minor este transferata de la un tribunal #uvenil la unul
de circuit.

$IDNAPPING * he taking or detaining of a person against his or her will and without lawful authority.

RAPIRE - 'uarea sau retinerea unei persaone impotriva vointei sale si fara autorite legala.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary B@

$EEPER - +n officer that the court appoints to be responsible for money or property legally sei!ed in connection with a pending
case.

DETINATOR - n ofiter pe care il numeste tribunalul sa fie responsabil cu banii si proprietatea confiscate legal, in legatura cu un ca!
in desfasurre.

$NO%ING#" * %ith knowledge, willfully or intentionally with respect to a material element of an

offense.

IN MOD CONSTIENT - Cu cunostinta, in mod voit sau intentionat, in legatura cu elemental material al unei infractiuni.

#AC$ING CAPACIT"  'acking qualification, competency, power or fitness. Heing incapable of

giving legal consent. 'ack of fundamental ability to be accountable for actions.

#IPSA DE CAPACITATE - 'ipsa calificarii, competentei sau a puterii. 1ncapabil de a da consimtamantul legal.
'ipsa de abilitate fundamentala de a fi responsabil pentru actiuni.

#ARCEN" * 4tealing or theft.

DE#APIDARE - "urt sau hotie.

#A% * Combination of rules and principles of conduct made known by legislative authority, derived from
court decisions, and established by local custom.

#EGE - Combinatie de reguli si principii de conduita facute cunoscut prin autoritate legislativa, derivate din deci!ii ale tribunalului
si stabilite prin oiceiul local.

#A% AND MOTION * + setting before a #udge at which time a variety of motions, pleas, sentencing,
orders to show cause or procedural requests may be presented. <ormally, evidence is not taken. 2efendants must be present.

#EGE SI MOTIUNE - : adunare in fata unui #udecator unde pot fi pre!entate o varietate de motiuni, pledoarii, ordine pentru
aratarea cau!ei sau cerintelor de procedura. 1n mod normal nu se ia evidenta. Reclamatii trebuie sa fie pre!enti.

#A% C#ER$S * 6ersons trained in the law who assist #udges in researching legal opinions.

FUNCTIONARI AI #EGII - 6ersoane instruite in domeniul legii care a#uta pe #udecator in cercetarea opiniilor legale.

#A% ENFORCEMENT AGENT * + sworn peace officer with legal authori!ation to arrest individuals
under suspicion of breaking the law.

AGENT DE AP#ICARE A #EGII - n ofiter #urat cu autori!atie legala de a resta indivi!i sub suspiciunea de incarcare a
legii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary BI

#A%SUIT * +n action between two or more persons in the courts of law, not a criminal matter.

PROCES - : actiune intre doua sau mai multe persoane, la tribunal, care nu este infractiune.

#A" PERSON * :ne not trained in law.

PERSOANA #AICA - Cineva care nu este instruit in domeniul legal.

#EADING &UESTION * + question which instructs the witness how to answer or puts words in his
mouth. 4uggests to the witness the desired answer.

(****) * : intrebare care il instruieste pe martor cum sa raspunda sau il fortea!a sa raspunda intr*un anumit fel. 4ugerea!a martorului
raspunsul dorit.

#EASE * +n agreement for renting real property. sually written and for a specific amount of time.

INC'IRIERE - n contract pentru inchirierea unei proprietati de obicei scris si stability pentru o anumita perioada de timp.

#EGA# AID * 6rofessional legal services available usually to persons or organi!ations unable to afford
such services.

AJUTOR #EGA# - 4ervicii legale profesionale disponibile de obicei pentru persoanele sau organi!atiile care nu*si pot permite
astfel de servicii.

#ENIENC" * Recommendation for a sentence less than the ma&imum allowed.

INDU#GENTA - Recomandare pentru o sentinta mai mica decat cea ma&ima permisa.

#ESSER INC#UDED OFFENSE * + crime composed of some, but not all, of the elements of a greater
crime commission of the greater crime automatically includes commission of the lesser included offense.

(****) * : infractiune compusa din unele darn u toate elementele unei infractiuni mai mari. Comiterea infractiunii mai mari
include automat comiterea ofensei mai mici.

#ETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION * 'egal document issued by a court that shows an administrator5s

legal right to take control of assets in the deceased person5s name.

DOCUMENT DE ADMINISTRARE - n document legal eliberat de un tribunal care arata dreptul legal
al unui administrator de a lua sub control averea in numele unei persoane decedate.

#ETTERS OF CONSERATORS'IP - + court paper that states that the conservator is authori!ed to act
on the conservatee5s behalf. +lso called >'etters.8

DOCUMENT DE PROTECTIE - n document legal care confirma ca gardianul este autori!at sa actione!e in folosul
prote#atului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary BB

#ETTERS OF GUARDIANS'IP - he instrument by which a person is empowered to take charge of the person andor estate of
minors and insane or incompetent persons, whenever necessary or convenient.

DECOMENT DE TUTE#A - 1nstrument prin care o persoana este imputernicita sa ia sub control o persoana sau proprietatea
minorilor, sau a unei persoane incompetente sau bolnave mental, de cate ori este necesar sau convenabil.

#ETTERS ROGATOR" - + formal communication, in writing, sent by a court in which an action is

pending to a court or #udge of a foreign country, requesting that the testimony of a witness who lives within the #urisdiction of the
foreign court may be taken under its direction and transmitted to the first court for
use in the pending action.

DOCUMENT
in ROGATORIU
curs de desfasurare - : comunicare
la un tribunal sau la unformala in scris
#udecator trimisa
al unei tari de un tribunal
straine cerand in
cacare o actiune
marturia unuieste
martor care locuieste in
#urisdictia unui tribunal strain sa fie luata sub directiva sa si transmisa la primul tribunal pentru folosirea in actiunea in curs de
desfasurare.

#ETTERS TESTAMENTAR" * 'egal document issued by a court that shows an e&ecutor5s legal right to
take control of assets in the deceased person5s name.

DOCUMENT TESTAMENTAR - 2ocument legal eliberat de un tribunal care arata dreptul legal al unui e&ecutor de a lua sub
control averea in numele unei persoane decedate.

#E" * o obtain money by legal process through sei!ure andor sale of property.

(****) * :btinerea de bani prin process legal, prin confiscarea sisau vinderea proprietatii.

#E%D CONDUCT * Hehavior that is obscene, lustful, indecent, vulgar.

CONDUIUTA OBSECENA - Comportament care este obscene, sensual, indecent, vulgar.

#IABI#IT" * 'egal debts and obligations.

RESPONSABI#ITATE - 2atorii si obligatii legale.

#IAB#E * 'egally responsible.

RESPONSABI# - Responsabil legal.

#IBE# * "alse and malicious material that is written or published that harms a person5s reputation. 4ee
2-"+M+1:<.

DEFAIMARE - Material fals si rautacios care este publicat si care vatama reputatia unei persoane.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary BK

#IE DETECTOR * + machine which records by a needle on a graph varying emotional disturbances when answering questions truly
or falsely, as indicated by fluctuations in blood pressure, respiration, or
perspiration.

DETECTOR DE MINCIUNI - : masina care inregi strea!a cu a#utorul unui ac pe un grafic variatiile emotiona le cand se
raspunde adevarat sau fals la intrebari, asa cum este indicat prin oscilari in tensiune, respiratie sau transpiratie.

#IEN * he right to keep a debtor5s property from being sold or transferred until the debtor pays what he or
she owes.

AMANET - 2reptul de a pastra proprietatea unui datornic de la van!are sau transfer, pana cand datornicul plateste ceea ce datorea!a.

#IFE IMPRISONMENT * + type of sentence where the convicted criminal is ordered to spend the rest of
his or her life in prison.

INC'ISOARE PE IATA - n tip de sentinta in care criminalul condamnat trebuie sa petreaca restul vietii in inchisoare.

#IMINE * + motion requesting that the court not allow certain evidence that might pre#udice the #ury.

(****) * : motiune cerand tribunalului san u permita o anumita evidenta care ar putea pre#udicial #uriul.

#IMINE MOTION - + pretrial motion requesting the court to prohibit opposing counsel from referring to
or offering evidence on matters.

(****) * : motiune inaintea #udecatii care cere tribunalului sa inter!ica avocatului partii opuses a se ofere sau
sa ofere evidenta in legatura cu chestiunea in cau!a.

#IMITATION OF ACTIONS – he time period imposed by law to bring an action in court. (-&ampleS
statutes of limitation)

#IMITAREA DE ACTIUNI – 6erioada de timp impusa prin lege, pentru aducerea unei actiuni, la tribunal. (-&N statute de
limitare).

#IMITED ACTION * + civil action in which recovery of less than a certain amount (as specified by
statute) is sought. 4implified rules of procedure are used in such actions.

ACTIUNE #IMITATA – +ctiune civila care urmareste recuperarea unei sume mai mici (asa cum e stabilita prin statut). 1n
astfel de actiui sint folosite reguli simplificate de proceduri.

#IMITED JURISDICTION * Refers to courts that are limited in the types of criminal and civil cases they
may hear. "or e&ample, traffic violations generally are heard by limited #urisdiction courts.

JURISDICTIE #IMITATA – 4e refera la tribunale ale caror ca!uri sint limitate la ca!uri infractionale si civile. 2e e&emplu,
violarile de trafic sint #udecate la tribunale cu #urisdictie limitata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary KA

#INEUP * + police identification procedure by which the suspect to a crime is e&hibited, along with others, before the victim or
witness to determine if the victim or witness can identify the suspect as the person who committed the crime.

(****) * 6rocedura de identificare, la politie, prin care suspectatul de o infractiune este pre!entat, impreuna
cu altii, in fata victimei sau martorului pentru a determina daca victima sau martorul il poate identifica pe suspect ca cineva care a
comis infractiunea.

#IS PENDENS * + pending suit.

(****) * n process in curs de re!olvare.

#ITIGANT * + party, or side involved in a lawsuit.

PARTE #ITIGANTA – 6arte implicate intr*un process.

#ITIGATION * + case, controversy, or lawsuit.

#ITIGIU – 6roces, controversa, contestatie.

#IING TRUST * + trust set up and in effect during the lifetime of the person. +lso called inter vivos
trust.

(****) - utela intrata in efect in timpul vietii unei persoane. 4e mai numeste 7tutela inter vivos.8

#OCA#IT" DISCRIMINATION – hose either giving undue preference to any locality or sub#ecting it
to undue pre#udice.

(****) * Cineva care perefera un anumit sediu sau care il supun la pre#udecata, in mod nelegitim.

#OCA# RU#ES * + set of rules you have to follow to start a court case. -very county and court has
different local rules.

REGU#I #OCA#E – n set de reguli care trebuiesc urmate pentru a deschide un proces.

#OCUS DE#ICTIS * he place of the offense.

(****) * 'ocul delictului.

#OITERING * o stand idly around, particularly in a public place.

!ABOIRE - + !abovi in special intr*un loc public.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K9

#"NC'ING * 6utting a person to death, usually by hanging, without legal authority.

#INSARE - + omori o persoana de obicei prin spin!urare fara autoritate legala.

MAGISTRATE * $udicial officer with the power to issue arrest warrants.

MAGISTRAT - :fiter #udiciar care are puterea de a elibera ordine de arest.

MA$E OR DRA% – o cause to e&ist. o fashion or produce in legal form. o prepare a draft to
compose and write out in due form, such as a deed, contract, complaint, answer, petition, etc.

(****) - + determina e&istenta. + modela sau a produce in forma legala. + pregati o schita a compune si scrie in forma ceruta, de
e&emplu o procura, un contract, o plangere, un raspuns, o petitie etc.

MA#FEASANCE * 6erformance of an act that should not have been done at all.

INFRACTIUNE - 1nfaptuirea unui act care nu ar fi trebuit facut.

MA#ICE * 1ll will, hatred, or hostility by one person toward another which may prompt the intentional
doing of a wrongful act without legal #ustification or e&cuse.

INTENTIE CRIMINA#A - Rea vointa, ura sau ostilitae a unei persoane fata de alta care poate cau!a infaptuirea unui act rau,
fara #ustificare sau scu!a legala.

MA#ICE AFORET'OUG'T – 1ntending to kill another person or intending to do an act with

knowledge that it is dangerous to human life.
INTENTIE CRIMINA#A CU PREMEDITRE - 1ntentia de a omori alta persoana, sau intentia de a comite un act, in
cunostinta de cau!a, care este periculos vietii umane.

MA#ICIOUS MISC'IEF * %illful destruction of property, from actual ill will or resentment toward its
owner or possessor.

GRESEA#A DE#ICTUOASA - 2istrugerea voita a proprietatii din rea vointa sau din resentiment fata de posesorul acesteia.

MA#ICIOUS PROSECUTION * +n action with the intention of in#uring the defendant and without
probable cause, and which terminates in favor of the person prosecuted.

ACU!ATIE INTENTIONATA - : actiune cu intentia de vatamare a reclamatului fara cau!a legitima si care sfarseste ca!ul in
favoarea persoanei acu!ate.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K0

MA#ICIOUS#" – o annoy, or in#ure another, or an intent to do a wrongful act, and may consist in direct
intention to in#ure, or in reckless disregard of anotherFs rights

CU PREMEDITARE - + enerva sau a vatama pe cineva, sau intentia de a comite un act rau, cu directa intentie de a vatama, sau
negli#area drepturilor cuiva.

MA#PRACTICE * 3iolation of a professional duty to act with reasonable care and in good faith without
fraud or collusion. his term is usually applied to such conduct by doctors, lawyers, or accountants.

FAPTA DE#ICTUASA - 3iolarea datoriei profesionale de a actiona prudent si cu buna credinta fara frauda sau complicitate.

+cest termen este de obicei aplicat la o asemenea conduita de catre doctori, avocati, sau contabili.

MANDAMUS * + writ issued by a court ordering a public official to perform an act.

(****) - 2ocument eliberat de un tribunal ordonind unei persoane publice oficiale sa comita un anumit act.

MANDATE * + #udicial command or order proceeding from a court or #udicial officer, directing the proper
officer to enforce a #udgment, sentence, or decree.

MANDAT - : comanda legala, sau ordin venit de la tribunal sau de la un ofiter #udiciar instruind pe ofiterul legitim de a aplica
o #udecata, sentinta, sau decret.

MANDATOR" - Required, ordered.

OB#IGATORIU - Cerut, ordonat.

MANS#AUG'TER, INO#UNTAR" * nlawful killing of another, without malice, when the death is
caused by some other unlawful act not usually e&pected to result in great bodily harm.

OMUCIDERE FARA PREMEDITARE SI INO#UNTARA - :morirea ilegala a cuiva fara

premeditare, cand moartea este cau!ata printr*un alt act illegal care nu se asteapta, in general, sa re!ulte in vatamare serioasa
corporala.

MANS#AUG'TER, O#UNTAR" * nlawful killing of another, without malice, when the act is
committed with a sudden e&treme emotional impulse.

OMUCIDERE FARA PREMEDITARE O#UNTARA - :morirea ilegala a cuiva, fara premeditare, cand actul este comis
printr*un impuls emotional instantaneu si e&trem.

MARIJUANA – >Cannabis> is an annual herb having angular rough stem and deeply lobed leaves. 1t is an
illegal drug commonly used through smoke inhalation or ingestion, the use of which results in prolonged into&ication. +ny person
who cultivates, transports, or possesses mari#uana, for personal use or sale, is guilty of a crime, unless they can assert a proper
defense.
(****) * 7Cannabis8 este o planta anuala cu o tulpina unghiulara tare si cu frun!ele adancite. -ste un drog illegal folosit in general prin
inhalarea si inghitirea fumului, iar folosirea lui duce la o into&icare prelungita.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K;

:rice persoana care cultiva, transporta, sau poseda mari#uana pentru u! personal, sau van!are, este vinovata
de o crima, in ca!ul in care nu poate sa ofera o aparare legitima.

MARSDEN MOTION  + minor who is represented by appointed counsel requests the Court to remove
the attorney and appoint new counsel if the minorFs right to effective counsel would be substantially impaired by continuing
with the srcinal attorney.

MOTIUNE *MARSDEN+ - n minor care este repre!entat de un avocet numit cere tribunalului sa*1 schimbe avocatul cu unul nou,
daca dreptul minorului la avocatul actual ar fi diminuat in mod substantial, prin continuarea folosirii avocatului initial.

MASSIA' MOTION * + motion to e&clude fraudulently obtained confessions.

MOTIUNE *MASSIA'+ - : motiune cu scopul de a e&clude marturisiri obtinute prin frauda.

MASTER * +n attorney who is appointed by the #udges of a circuit court with the approval of the Chief
$udge of the Court of +ppeals, to conduct hearings and to make finding of facts, conclusions of law, and recommendations as to an
appropriate order.

(****) * n avocat care este numit de catre #udecatorii unui tribunal de circuit, cu aprobarea #udecatorului sef
al curtii de apel, de a conduce de!baterile si cercetarile , coclu!iile legale si recomandarile in ce priveste un ordin legitim.

MATERIA# EIDENCE * hat quality of evidence which tends to influence the #udge andor #ury
because of its logical connection with the issue.

EIDENTA MATERIA#A - Calitatea evidentei care tinde sa influente!e #udecatorul sisau #uriul datorita legaturii ei logice cu
problema in chestiune.

MATERIA# %ITNESS * 1n criminal trial, a witness whose testimony is crucial to either the defense or
prosecution.

MARTOR MATERIA# - 1n procesele infractionale, un martor a carui marturii este cruciala atat pentru aparare cat si pentru
acu!are.

MA"'EM * + malicious in#ury which disables or disfigures another.

MUTI#ARE - : vatamare premeditata care debilitea!a sau desfigurea!a o alta ersoana.

MEDIATION * + process in which people that are having a dispute are helped by a neutral person to
communicate so they can reach a settlement acceptable to both.

MEDIERE - n proces in care persoanele care au o disputa sunt a#utate de o persoana neutra sa comunice
in asa fel incat sa a#unga la o intelegere acceptata de amandoua partile.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K=

MEMORANDUM OF COSTS - + certified, itemi!ed statement of the amount of costs after #udgment.

MEMORANDUM A# COSTURI#OR - n raport legali!at detailat repre!entand sumele costurilor dupa

#udecata.

MEMORIA#I!ED * o mark by observation in writing.

A TRIMITE CERERE - + adresa un memorium in scris.

MENACE – + threat the declaration or show of a disposition or determination to inflict an evil or in#ury
upon another.

AMENINTARE - : amenintare declararea sau manifestarea unei dispo!itii sau hotarirea de a cau!a un rau sau o vatamare cuiva.

MENS REA * he 7guilty mind8 necessary to establish criminal responsibility.

(****) * 7Mintea vinovata8 care stabileste infractiunea.

MENTA# 'EA#T' * he wellness of a person5s state of mind.

SANATATE MENTA#A - Hunastarea mentala a unei persoane.

MENTA# INCAPACIT" – %here a person is found to be incapable of understanding and acting with
discretion in the ordinary affairs of life due to a loss of reasoning faculties.

INCAPACITATEA MENTA#A - Cand o persoana este gasita incapabila de a intelege sau a actiona cu discretie, in problemele
comune ale vietii datorita pierderii facultatilor rationale.

MENTA# STATE – Capacity or condition of oneFs mind in terms of ability to do or not to do a certain
act.

STARE MENTA#A - Capacitatea mintii cuiva in ceea ce priveste abilitatea de a face sau a nu face un anumit act.

MERITS * + decision >on the merits> is one that reaches the right(s) of a party, as distinguished from
disposition of a case on a ground not reaching the right(s) raised in an action.

TEMEI - 2eci!ia 7pe temei8 este cea care implineste drepturile unei parti.

MINOR – + child under the age of 9B years. (4ee also $3-<1'-).

(****) * n copil sub varsta de 9B ani.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K?

MINUTE ORDER - 2ocument prepared by the clerk recording the orders of the clerk.

ORDIN INREGISTRAT - 2ocument pregatit de catre un functionar inregistrind ordinele functionarului.

MIRANDA RIG'TS * Requirement that police tell a person who is arrested or questioned their
constitutional rights before they question him or herN specifically, the right to remain silent that any
statement made may be used against him or her the right to an attorney and if the person cannot afford an attorney, one will be
appointed if he or she desires.

DREPTURI#E MIRANDA - :bligatia politiei de a spune persoanei in arest drepturile sale constitutionale, inainte ca aceasta sa fie

chestionataN in modlaspecific,
respective dreptul dreptul
un avocet si in de a ramane
ca!ul in caretacut prin in
persoana care oricenu*si
cau!a declaratie
permitefacuta poate fi
un avovat, folosita
1 se impotriva
va oferi unul dinpersoanei
oficiu,la cererea
sa.

MIRANDA %ARNING * 4ee M1R+<2+ R1/D4.

AERTI!MENTU# MIRANDA - 3e!i 72repturile Miranda.8

MISDEMEANOR * + crime that can be punished by up to one year in #ail.

DE#ICT - n delict care poate fi pedepsit cu pana la un an de inchisoare.

MISTA$E – 4ome unintentional act, omission, or error arising from ignorance, surprise, imposition, or
misplaced confidence.

GRESEA#A - n act fara intentie, o omitere, sau eroare din ignoranta, pe neasteptate, impo!itie, sau tradarea increderii cuiva.

MISTRIA# * + trial that has been ended and declared void (of no legal effect) due to pre#udicial error in
the proceedings or other e&traordinary circumstances.

(****) * n proces care s*a incheiat si a fost declarat nul (fara efect lega) datorita unei erori de pre#udiciu in proceduri sau alte
circumstante e&traordinare.

MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES * "acts which do not constitute a #ustification or e&cuse for an

offense but which may be considered as reasons for reducing the degree of blame.

CIRCUMSTANTE ATENUANTE - "apte care nu constituie o #ustificare sau o scu!a pentru un delict, dar care pot fi considerate
ca motive de reducere a gradului de vina.

MITIGATING FACTORS * "acts that do not constitute a #ustification or e&cuse for an offense but which
may be considered as reasons for reducing the degree of blame.

FACTORI ATENUANTI - "apte care nu constituie o #ustificare sau o scu!a pentru un delict, dar care pot
fi considerate ca motive pentru reducerea gradului de vinovatie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary K@

MITIGATION OF DAMAGES – 1mposes on the in#ured party duty to minimi!e his damages after in#ury
has been inflicted.

ATENUAREA PAGUBE#OR - 1mpune asupra partii vatamate datoria de a minimalli!a pagubele dupa ce vatamarea a fost cau!ata.

MITTIMUS * he name of an order in writing, issuing from a court and directing the sheriff or other
officer to take a person to a prison, asylum, or reformatory, and directing the #ailer or other appropriate official to receive and safely
keep the person until his or her fate shall be determined by due course of law.

MANDAT
ofiter DEpeTRIMITERE
sa duca #A INC'ISOARE
cineva la inchisoare, <umele
a!il, sau casa-de unui
corectie, si ordin in scris, liberat de un tribunal si instruind un serif sau un alt
il insrtuieste
pe temnicer sau o alta autoritate oficiala sa primeasca si sa pastre!e in siguranta persoana pana cand situatia
sa va fi hotarita prin lege.

MODIFICATION * + spoken or written request that one side makes to ask the #udge to make a decision
or an order on a specific point.

MODIFICARE - : cerere verbala sau in scris pe care o face una dintre parti si care cere #udecatorului sa
ia o deci!ie sau sad ea un ordon asupra unei chestiuni anume.

MOOT * + point or question related to a legal case that usually has no practical importance or relevance to
the case. + moot point is a point that can5t be resolved by the #udge, is not disputed by either side, or is resolved out of court.

#ITIGIU - : chestiune legata de un proces #uridic care de fapt nu are nici o importanta practica sau relevanta. : chestiune de
litigiu este o chestiune care nu poate sa fie re!olvata de catre un #udecator, nu este disputata de nici una dintre parti si nu este
re!olvata de catre tribunal.

MORA# TURPITUDE* 1mmorality. +n element of crimes inherently bad, as opposed to crimes bad merely because
they are forbidden by statute.

INFAMIE - 1moralitate un element al unei infractiuni de un rau inerent, in opo!itie cu infractiuni rele doar pentru ca sunt inter!ise
prin statut.

MOTION * :ral or written request made by a party to an action before, during, or after a trial asking the
#udge to issue a ruling or order in that party5s favor.

MOTIUNE - Cerere scrisa sau orala, facuta de catre o parte fata de o actiune inainte, in timpul sau #udecata, cerind ca
#udecatorul sa ia o deci!ie in favoarea acelei parti.

MOTION DENIED * Ruling or order issued by the #udge refusing the party5s request.

MOTIUNE RESPINSA - 2eci!ie sau ordin dat de #udecator refu!and cererea partii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary KI

MOTION GRANTED * Ruling or order issued by the #udge approving the party5s request.

MOTIUNE APROBATA - 2eci!ie sau ordin dat de un #udecator aproband cererea partii.

MOTION IN #IMINE * + written motion which is usually made before or after the beginning of a #ury
trial for a protective order against pre#udicial questions and statements.

(****) * : motiune scrisa facuta de obicei inainte sau dupa inceperea #udecatii #uriului, pentru un ordin de protectie impotriva
intrebarilor si declaratiilor vatamatoare.

MOTION TO &UAS' * + request to make something null or ineffective, such as to >quash a subpoena.>

MOTIUNE DE ANU#ARE - : cerere pentru a face ceva nul sau inefectiv, cum ar fi a casa o citatie.

MOTION TO SEER * + request usually by defense, to have a separate trial as to either #ointly tried
defendants or #ointly charged counts.

MOTIUNE DE SEPARARE - : cerere facuta de obicei de catre aparare pentru a avea o #udecata separata, cum ar fi
reclamati #udecati impreuna sau capetelor de acu!are unite.

MOTION TO SUPPRESS * + request to suppress as evidence at trial things or statements obtained as a

result of an allegedly illegal search and sei!ure (commonly referred to as 9?;B.? 6C motions.)

MOTIUNE DE SUPRIMARE - : cerere de intrerupere ca evidenta intr*un proces lucruri sau declaratii obtinute in urma unei
cercetari asa !ise ilegale sau sechestru (in general este numita 7motiunile pc 9?;B.?).

MUGS'OT * 6ictures taken after a suspect is taken into custody (booked), usually used as an official
photograph by police officers.

(****) * 6o!e facute dup ace suspectul este luat in custodie, de obicei folosite ca po!e oficiale de ofiterii de politie.

MU#TIP#ICIT" OF ACTIONS * <umerous and unnecessary attempts to litigate the same issue.

MU#TITUDINE DE ACTIUNI - 1ncecari numeroase si nenecesare de a #udeca acelasi ca!.

MURDER * he unlawful killing of a human being with deliberate intent to kill.

CRIMA - :morirea ilegala a unei finite omenesti cu intentia deliberate de ucidere.

MURGIA MOTION * + request made by defense counsel to dismiss based on a group of people being
systematically discriminated against.

(****) * : cerere de eliberare facuta de catre avocatul apararii ba!ata pe faptul ca un grup de oameni sunt continuu discriminati.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary KB

NECESSIT" – Controlling force irresistible compulsion a power or impulse so great that it admits no
choice of conduct.

NECESITATE - "orta de control , impuls ire!istibil, atat de mare incat nu accepta nici o obtiune de conduita.

NE E)EAT * + writ or court order which forbids the person to whom it is addressed to leave the country,
the state, or the #urisdiction of the court.

(****) * n document sau ordin al tribunalului care inter!ice persoanei careia ii este adresat sa paraseasca tara, statul sau #urisdictia
tribunalului.

NEG#ECT – +bsence of care or attention in the doing or omission of a given act.

A NEG#IJA - 'ipsa de atentie in indeplinirea sau omiterea unui fapt dat.

NEG#IGENCE * %hen someone fails to be as careful as the law requires to protect the rights and
property of others.

NEG#IJENTA - Cand cineva nu este suficient de atent, in ce priveste cerinta legii de a prote#a drepturile
si proprietatea altora.

NEGOTIAB#E INSTRUMENTS  + written and signed unconditional promise or order to pay a

specified sum of money on demand or at a definite time payable to the bearer.

INSTRUMENTE NEGOCIABI#E - : promisiune sau un ordin neconditional semnat si scris de a plati o anumita suma de bani

ceruta la o data hotarita.

NE)T FRIEND * :ne acting without formal appointment as guardian for the benefit of an infant, a person
of unsound mind not #udicially declared incompetent, or other person under some disability.

(****) * Cineva care actionea!a ca si guardian, fara sa fie numit dinainte, in favoarea unuicopil, a unei
persoane bolnave mintal, care nu a fost declarata incompetenta din punct de vedere #udiciar, sau in favoarea unei persoane cu alt fel de
debilitate.

NO BI## * his phrase, endorsed by a grand #ury on the written indictment submitted for approval, means
that the evidence was found insufficient to indict.

(****) * +ceasta e&presie, folosita de marele #uriu pe o acu!atie scrisa pre!entata pentru aprobare, inseamna
ce evidenta a fost gasita insuficienta pentru a fi urmarita in #ustitie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary KK

NO-CONTEST C#AUSE * 'anguage in a will that is meant to keep people from challenging the will. 1t
says that if a person challenges the will and loses, the person gives up anything he or she would have inherited.

C#AU!A INCONTESTABI#A - n limba# folosit intr*un testament care impiedica pe cineva de la contestarea testamentului. 4e
spune ca daca o persana contesta si perde, persoana respectva renunta la orice
ar fi mostenit.

NO-FAU#T PROCEEDINGS * + civil case in which parties may resolve their dispute without a formal
finding of error or fault.

(****) * n ca! civill in care partile pot sa*si re!olve disputa fara gasirea unei greseli.

NO##E PROSE&UI * 2ecision by a prosecutor not to go forward with charging a crime. 1t translates, 71
do not choose to prosecute.8 +lso loosely called nolle pros.

(****) * 2eci!ia unui procuror de a nu continua cu acu!atiile asupra unei infractiuni. 4e traduce 7nu aleg sa acu!.8

NO#O CONTENDRE * 4ame as pleading guilty, e&cept that your plea cannot be used against you in civil
court. his can only be used in traffic or criminal court. "rom the 'atin for >1 do not wish to contend.8

(****) * 'a fel ca si pledoaria de vinovatie, dar pledoaria nu poate fi folosita impotriva ta in tribunalul civil
poate sa fie folosit in tribunalul criminal sau de trafic. 2in latina, 7nu doresc sa argumente!.8

NOMINA# PART" * :ne who is #oined as a party or defendant merely because the technical rules of
pleading require his presence in the record.

PARTE NOMINA#A - Cineva care este adaugat ca parte sau ca reclamat, doar pentru ca regulile tehnice
de pledoarie cer pre!enta sa.

NON COMPOS MENTIS * <ot of sound mind insane.

(****) * Cu minte nesanatoasa, nebun.

NON-CAPITA# CASE * + criminal case in which the allowable penalty does not include death.

CA! NECAPITA# - n proces criminal in care pedeapsa permisa nu include moartea.

NON EST (INENTUS * + return of process when the sheriff could not find the person who is to be
served. 'atin meaning >not to be found.>

(****) * : turnura in proces cand seriful nu a putut gasi persoana care trebuie servita. 1n 'atina inseamna
7de negasit.8

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

NON OBSTANTE ERDICTO (<.:.3.) * + verdict entered by the #udge contrary to a #ury5s verdict.

(****) * n verdict dat de catre un #udecator contrar verdictului #uriului.

NONSUIT - he name of a #udgment given against a plaintiff when he is unable to prove a case, or when
he refuses or neglects to proceed to trial and leaves the issue undetermined.

(****) * <umele unei #udecati date impotriva reclamantului cand acesta nu este capabil sa dovedeasca un ca!, sau cand refu!a sau
negli#ea!a sa l #udece si lasa problema indecisa.

NOT GUI#T" * he form of verdict in criminal cases where the #ury acquits the defendant.

NEINOAT - "orma de verdict in procesele infractionale in care #uriul il achta pe reclamat.

NOT GUI#T" B" REASON OF INSANIT" * he #ury or the #udge must determine that the defendant,
because of mental disease or defect, could not commit the offense.

NEINOAT DIN CAU!A NESANATATII MENTA#E - $uriul sau #udecatorul trebuie sa hotareasca faptul ca un reclamat nu a
putut comite delictul din cau!a unei boli mentale sau defect.

NOTAR" PUB#IC - + person authori!ed to certify a person5s signature, administer oaths, certify that
documents are authentic, and take depositions.

NOTAR PUB#IC - : persoana autori!ata sa recunoasca semnatura unei persoane, sa administre!e #uramant, sa certifice ca
documentele sunt autentice sis a ia depo!itii.

NOTICE * %ritten information or warning. "or e&ample, a notice to the other side that you will make a
motion in court on a certain date.

NOTIFICARE - 1nformatie sau averti!ment scris. 2e e&emplu, notificarea celeilalte parti ca tu vei cere o motiune la tribunal la o
anumta data.

NOTICE OF MOTION - + notice to the opposing party, that on a certain date a motion will be made in
court.

MOTIUNE DE NOTIFICARE - <otificarea partii opuse ca o motiune va fi pre!entata la tribunal la o anumita data.

NOTICE TO PRODUCE * + notice in writing requiring the opposite party to produce a certain described
paper or document at the trial, or in the course of pre*trial discovery.

(****) * : nota scrisa cerand partii opuses a genere!e un anumit document de scris, pentru #udecata sau in cursul descoperirilor
dinainte de #udecata.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

NUISANCE – hat activity which arises from unreasonable, unwarranted or unlawful use by a person of
his own property, and producing such material annoyance resulting in damage.

DAUNA - +ctivitatea care re!ulta din folosirea ilegala, negarantata si nere!onabila a proprietatii personale
si provocand pagube.

NU## AND OID * Daving no force, legal power to bind, or validity.

NU# SI INA#ID - Care nu are nici o forta, putere legaa sau validitate.

NU##IT" - + legal action that says a marriage never e&isted and the persons are still single. (Compare
2144:'1:<.)

NU#ITATE - +ctiune legala care spune ca maria#ul nu a e&istat niciodata, iar persoanele sunt celibatare.

NUNC PRO TUNC * %hen a court order is issued on one date, but is effective as of a date that is in the
past. "rom the 'atin for >now for then.8

(****) * Cand un ordin al tribunalului este eliberat la o anumita data, dar este valid de la o data precedenta. 2in latina pentru 7acum
pentru atunci.8

NUNCUPATIE %I## * +n oral (unwritten) will.

TESTAMENT *NUNCUPATIE+ - estament oral (nescris).

OAT' * %hen a witness promises to tell the truth in a legal proceeding.

JURAMANT - Cand un martor promite sa spuna adevarul intr*o procedura #uridica.

OBJECT * o protest to the court against an act or omission by the opposing party.

A OBIECTA - + protesta la tribunal impotriva unui act sau omisiuni facute de partea opusa.

OBJECTION * + formal protest made by a party over testimony or evidence that the other side tries to
introduce in court.

OBIECTIUNE - n protest formal facut de catre o parte asupra marturiei sau evidentei pe care cealalta parte incearca sa o
introduca la tribunal.

OBJECTION OERRU#ED * + ruling by the court upholding the act or omission of the opposing party.

OBIECTIUNE RESPINSA - : deci!ie a tribunalului de a sustine actul sau omisiunea partii opuse.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

OBJECTION SUSTAINED * + ruling by the court in favor of the party making the ob#ection.

OBIECTIUNE SUSTINUTA - : deci!ie a tribunalului in favoarea partii care face obiectiunea.

OBSCENIT" – C onduct tending to corrupt the public morals by its indecency or lewdness.

OBSCENITATE - Conduita avand tendinta sa corupa moralul public prin indecenta sau desfriu.

OF COUNSE# * + phrase commonly applied to counsel employed to assist in the preparation or

management of the case, or its presentation on appeal, but who is not the principal attorney for the party.

(****) * : e&presie de obicei aplicata avocatului anga#at sa a#ute in pregatirea si administrarea procesului sau pre!entarea sa la apel, dar
care nu este avocatul principal al acelei parti.

OFFENDER * :ne who commits a crime, such as a felony, misdemeanor, or other punishable unlawful
act.

DE#INCENT - Cineva care comite o infractiune cum ar fi un delict sau o crima, sau un altfel de act illegal demn de a fi
pedepsit.

OFFENSE * +n act that breaks the law.

DE#ICT - n act care calca legea.

OFFENSIE %ORDS – 'anguage that offends displeasing or annoying language.

CUINTE OFENSATOARE - 'imba# care insulta, limba# neplacut sau enervant.

OFFER OF PROOF * 6resentation of evidence to the court (out of the hearing of the #ury) for the court5s
decision of whether the evidence is admissible.

A OFERI EIDENTA - 6re!entarea evidentei la tribunal fara #udecata #uriului, pentru deci!ia tribunalului asupra acceptabilitatii
evidentei.

ON A PERSON/S O%N RECOGNI!ANCE * Release of a person from custody without the payment of
any H+1' or posting of H:<2, upon the promise to return to court.

PE MARTURIE PROPRIE - -liberarea unei persoane din custodie, fara plata cautiunii sau ba!ata pe promisiunea de a se
intoarce la tribunal.

ONE-T'IRD T'E MIDTERM RU#E * he rule that limits a person5 sentence when they have been
convicted of multiple offenses.

(****) * 2eci!ia care limitea!a sentinta unei persoana cand aceasta afost condamnata de multiple delicate.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

OPENING ARGUMENT * he initial statement made by attorneys for each side, outlining the facts each
intends to establish during the trial.

ARGUMENTU DE DESC'IDERE - 2eclaratia initiala facuta de avocatii fiecarei parti subliniind faptele
pe care fiecare intentionea!a sa la stabileasca in timpul #udecatii.

OPENING STATEMENT * 4ee :6-<1</ +R/M-<.

DEC#ARATIE DE DESC'IDERE - 3e!i +rgumentul de 2eschidere.

OPINION * + #udge5s written e&planation of a decision of the court or of a ma#ority of #udges. + dissenting
opinion disagrees with the ma#ority opinion because of the reasoning andor the principles of law on which the decision is based. +
concurring opinion agrees with the decision of the court but offers further
comment. + 6-R CR1+M :61<1:< is an unsigned opinion 7of the court.8

OPINIE - -&plicatia scrisa a unui #udecator a deci!iei tribunalului sau a uneima#oritati de #udecatori. : parere diferita, nu este de
acord cu parerea ma#oritatii datorita ratiunii sisau principiilor legii pe care este ba!ata deci!ia o opinie corespun!atoare este de
acord cu deci!ia tribunalului dar mai aduce comentarii. : opinie 6er Curiam este o opinie nesemnata si 7a tribunalului.8

OPINION EIDENCE * %itnesses are normally required to confine their testimony to statements of fact
and are not allowed to give their opinions in court. Dowever, if a witness is qualified as an e&pert in a particular field, he or she
may be allowed to state an opinion as an e&pert based on certain facts.

EIDENTA DE OPINIE - Martorilor li se cere normal sa isi e&prime marturia in declaratii de fapte sin u
li se permite sa ofere alte opinii la tribunal. otusi, daca un martor se califica intr*un anumit domeniu poate
fi lasat sa isi declare opinia de e&pert ba!ata pe anumit fapte.

OPPOSITION * (9) act of opposing or resisting. (0) confronting another.

OPUNERE - 9. +ctul de a se opune sau a re!ista. 0.Confruntarea cu cineva.

ORA# ARGUMENT * he part of the trial when lawyers summari!e their position in court and also
answer the #udge5s questions.

ARGUMENT ORA# - 6artea procesului in care avocatii isi pre!inta po!itia la tribunal si raspund intrebarilor #udecatorului.

ORA# COPU#ATION  the act of copulating the mouth of one person with the se&ual organ or anus of
another person, however slight. 6enetration of the mouth, se&ual organ or anus is not required.

COPU#ARE ORA#A - +ctul de unire a gurii unei persoane cu organul se&ual sau anusul unei alte persoane, oricat de usoara.
6atrunderea gurii sau organului se&ual sau anusului nu sunt neaparat necesare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

ORDER TO S'O% CAUSE * Court order that makes someone go to court to e&plain to the #udge why he
or she did not follow the rules.

ORDIN DE ARATA MOTIU# - :rdin al tribunalului care face pe vineva sa mearga la tribunal sa e&plice #udecatorului de ce
nu a respectat legea.

ORDER, COURT * (9) 2ecision of a #udicial officer (0) a directive of the court.

ORDIN JUDECATORESC - 9. 2eci!ia unui ofiter #udiciar. 0. : directiva a tribunalului.

ORDINAR" NEG#IGENCE – he failure to use that degree of care which the ordinary or reasonably
prudent person would have used under the circumstances and for which the negligent person is liable.

NEG#IJENTA ORDINARA - <efolosirea gri#ii pe care orice persoana prudenta si re!onabila ar fi folosit*o sub aceleasi
circumstante pentru care este responsabila persoana negli#enta.

ORDINANCE * + regulation made by a local government to enforce, control, or limit certain activities.

ORDIN - : regula facuta de catre un govern local pentru a impune, controla sau limita anumite actiuni.

ORIGINA# JURISDICTION * he court in which a matter must first be filed.

JURISDICTIA INITIA#A - ribunalul la care a fost pre!entat un ca! de prima data.

OERRU#E * + #udge5s decision not to allow an ob#ection. + decision by a higher court finding that a
lower court decision was wrong.

RESPINGERE - 2eci!ia unui #udecator de anu accepta o obiectiune. 2eci!ia unui tribunal superior care gaseste ca deci!ia unui
tribunal inferior a fost gresita.

OERRU#ED * 4ee :3-RR'-.

RESPINS - 3e!i :verrule.

OERT ACT * +n open act showing the intent to commit a crime.

ACT EIDENT - n act deschis care arata intentia de acomite o crima sau infractiune.

O%N RECOGNI!ANCE * Release of a person from custody without the payment of any bail or posting
of bond.

PROPRIE RECUNOASTERE - -liberarea unei oersoane din custodie fara plata cautiunii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

PANDERING  6imping. +rranging for acts of prostitution.

PRO)ENET - Codos care aran#ea!a pentru acte de prostituie.

PARA#EGA# * + person with legal skills, but who is not an attorney, and who works under the
supervision of a lawyer or who is otherwise authori!ed by law to use those legal skills.

(****) * : persoana cu aptitudini legale, dar care nu esta avocet, ci lucrea!a sub supravegherea unui avocet sau care este de altfel
autori!at prin lege sa*si foloseasca aptitudinile legale sau #uridice.

PARDON * %hen the chief e&ecutive of a state or country releases a convicted person from the
punishment given him or her by a court sentence.

IERTARE - Cand seful e&ecutive al unui stat sau tari eliberea!a o persoana condamnata, de la pedeapsa data acesteia printr*o
sentinta a tribunalului.

PARENS PATRIAE * he power of the state to act in the parents5 place to protect a child or his or her
property.

(****) * -ste puterea statului de a actiona in locul parintilor pentru a prote#a un copil sau proprietatea sa.

PARO#E * 4upervised release of a prisoner that allows the person to serve the rest of the sentence out of
prison if all conditions of release are met.

E#IBERARE PE CUANT - -liberare suprabegheata a unui detinut care ingaduie acestuia sa serveasca restul sentintei in afara
inchisrorii daca toate condiiile sunt implinite.

PARO#E EIDENCE * :ral or verbal evidence rather than written. he 6arole -vidence Rule limits the
admissibility of parole evidence which would directly contradict the clear meaning of terms of a written contract.

EIDENTA ERBA#A - -videnta orala sa verbala si nu in scris. 'egea -videntei 3erbale limitea!a acceptarea evidentei
verbale care ar fi in contradictie directa cu termenii clari ai unui contract scris.

PART" * :ne of the sides of a case. he person who started the case is called the plaintiff or defendant.
he person being sued is called the defendant or respondent.

PARTE - na dintre partile unui proces. 6ersoana care a deschis procesul este numita reclamant sau acu!ator, persoana data in
#udecata este numita reclamat sau acu!at.

PAT DO%N SEARC'  + limited search of the outer clothing of a person in an attempt to discover
weapons which might be used to assault the officer and may be conducted if the officer has a reasonable belief that the detained
person is armed and dangerous.

(****) * : cercetare limitata a imbracamintii unei persoane cu scopul de a desoperi arme care ar putea folosi
la asaltarea unui ofiter si cercetarea poate fi facuta daca ofiterul are banuiala re!onabila ca persoana retinuta este inarmata si
periculoasa.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

PATENT * + government grant giving an inventor the e&clusive right to make or sell his or her invention
for a term of years.

BREETAT - 2reptul e&clusiv garantat unui inventator de catre govern de a produce si vinde propria inventie pentru un anumit
termen.

PATERNIT" - %ho the birth (biological) parents of a child are.

PATERNITATE - 6arintii biologici ai copilului.

PEACE OFFICER – 1ncludes sheriffs and their deputies, members of the police force of cities, and other
officers whose duty is to enforce and preserve the public peace.

(****) * 1nclude pe serifii si deputatii lor, membrii ai fortei politiei, fortei oraselor si alti ofiteri a caror datorie este sa impuna si
pastre!e linistea publica.

PENA#T" * 6unishment for breaking a law.

PEDEAPSA - 6edepsirea pentru calcarea legii.

PENA#T" ASSESSMENT - +n amount of money added to a fine.

TA)A DE PEDEAPSA - : suma de bani adaugata la o amenda.

PENA#T" OF PERJUR"  Circumstances under which a person takes an oath that he will testify,
declare, depose or certify truthfully.

PEDEAPSA DE SPERJUR - Circumstante in care o persoana depune #uramant ca va marturisi, declara si confirma cu adevarat.

PENDING * he status of a case that is not yet resolved by the court.

IN CURS DE - 4tatutul unui proces care nu este inca re!olvat de tribunal.

PENETRATION, UN#A%FU# – Unlawful insertion of the male part into the female parts, however
slight an e&tent.

PANTRUNDERE I#EGA#A - 1ntroducerea ilegala a partii barbatesti in partea femeiasca oricat de usoara
ar fi aceasta.

PENITENTIAR" * + prison or place of confinement where convicted felons are sent to serve out the term
of their sentence.

PENITENCIAR - : inchisoare sau un loc de detentie unde delincventii condamnati sunt trimisi pentru a servi o peroada din
sentinta lor.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

PEOP#E (PROSECUTION * + state, for e&ample, the 6eople of the 4tate of California.

POPU#ATIE - n stat, de e&emplu populatia statului California.

PER CURIUM OPINION * +n unsigned :61<1:< of the court.

(****) * :pinia 76er Curium.8

PEREMPTOR" C'A##ENGE * he right to challenge a #uror without assigning a reason for the
challenge.

C'ESTIONARE IREOCABI#A - 2reptul de a chestiona un #urat fara a pre!enta un motiv pentru chestionare.

PERJUR" * + false statement made on purpose while under oath in a court proceeding.

SPERJUR - : declaratie falsa facuta intentionat sub #uramant in timpul procedurilor #udecatoresti.

PERMANENC" 'EARING – he hearing for children placed in or awaiting placement in foster care
who were under age three at the time of detention, and for all children, to monitor the welfare of the child, evaluate the parentsF
reunification efforts and establish a permanent plan for the child.

(****) * 6rocesul pentru copiii plasati sau in asteptarea plasamentului in gri#a unui plasament tutelary, copii care aveau sub trei ani in
perioada sentineti, si pentru toti copiii, pentru a monitori!a binefacerea copilului,
a evalua eforturile de impacare ale parintilor si a stabili un plan permanent pentru copil.

PERMANENT INJUNCTION * + court order requiring that some action be taken, or that some party
refrain from taking action. 1t differs from forms of temporary relief, such as a -M6:R+RO R-4R1+<1</ :R2-R
or 6R-'1M1<+RO 1<$<C1:<.

ORDIN PEMANENT - n ordin al tribunalului cerind sa se ia masuri sau o parte sa se abtina de la a actiona. -ste diferit de
formele de eliberare temporara, cum ar fi :rdiul de Restrictie emporala sau :rdinul 6reliminar.

PERMANENT P#ANNED #IING ARRANGEMENT (PP#A  :ne of the permanent plans that
may be ordered for a child who is not returned to parental custody (formerly long term foster care).

(****) * nul dintre planurile permanent care ar putea fi ordonate pentru un copil care nu este returnat custodiei parintilor.

PERMANENT RESIDENT * :ne who lives in a location for a period of time and indicates that it is their
official address or residence.

RE!IDENT PERMANENT - Cineva care locuieste la o anumita adresa pentru o perioada de timp si indica aceasta ca fiind
adresa sa sau re!identa sa.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

PERSONA# PROPERT" * hings that you own and can move, like furniture, equipment, or paintings.

PROPRIETATE PERSONA#A - 'ucruri pe care le pose!i sip e care le poti muta, cum ar fi mobile, aparatura sau picturi.

PERSONA# RECOGNI!ANCE * 6re*trial release based on the person5s own promise that he or she will
show up for trial (no bond required). +lso referred to as release on own recogni!ance or R:R. (4ee :< + 6-R4:<54 :%<
R-C:/<1J+<C-.)

RECUNOASTERE PERSONA#A - -liberarea inainte de #udecata ba!ata pe promisiunea persoanei de ase pre!enta la #udecata.
2e asemenea cunoscuta si ca elibeare prin proprie recunoastere.

PERSONA# REPRESENTATIE * + person picked by the court to collect, manage and distribute a
person5s property (estate) when they die. 1f named in a will, that person5s title is an --C:R. 1f there is
no valid will, that person5s title is an +2M1<14R+:R.

REPRE!ENTANT PERSONA# - : persoana aleasa de tribunal sa colecte!e, administre!e sis a

distribuie proprietatea unei persoane dupa moarte. 2aca este numita in testament, titlul acelei persoane este
de e&ecutor. 2aca nu e&ista un testament valid, titlul acelei persoane este de administrator.

PETIT JUR"  (TRIA# JUR" * + group of citi!ens that listen to the evidence presented by both sides
at trial and figure out the facts in dispute. Criminal #uries are made up of 90 people civil #uries are made up
of at least @ people.

JURIU DE JUDECATA - n grup de cetateni care asculta la evidenta pre!entata de amandoua partile
unui proces si care determina care sunt faptele discutate. $uriile infractionale sunt formate din 90 persoane. $uriile civilesunt formate
din cel putin @ persoane.

PETITION * + court paper that asks the court to take action. "or e&ample, in #uvenile cases, the 6etition
starts the court case. (Compare M:1:<.)

PETITIE - n document legal care cere tribunalului sa actione!e. 2e e&emplu in ca!urile #uvenile, 6etitia incepe procesul in tribunal.
(Comapara cu Motiunile).

PETITIONER * + person who presents a petition to the court .

PETITIONA# - : persoana care pre!inta o petitie la tribunal.

PETT" OFFENSE * +n offense for which the authori!ed penalty does not e&ceed imprisonment for ;
months or a fine of L?AA.

DE#ICT MINOR - n delict pentru care pedeapsa autori!ata nu depaseste inchisoare de trei luni sau amenda de L?AA.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9A

PETT" T'EFT * he act of taking and carrying away the personal property of another of a value usually
below L9AA.AA with the intent to deprive the owner of it permanently.

FURT MINOR - +ctul de a lua si a indeparta proprietatea personala a altcuiva de o valoare mai miva de
L9AA cu intentia de a*l priva pe posesor in mod permanent.

PIMP * (9) the act of getting customers for a whore or prostitute (0) one who gets customers for a whore
or prostitute.

CODOS - 6ro&enet. +ctul de a gasi clienti pentru o prostituata sau curva. Cineva care gaseste clienti pentru
o curva sau o prostituata.

PITC'ESS MOTION * + request made by the defendant for discovery of a peace officerFs personnel file
with regards to any complaints or acts of e&cessive force and violence.

MOTIUNEA *PITC'ES+ - Cererea facuta de un reclamat de deschidere a dosarului personal al unui ofiter cu privire la orice
plangere sau acte de forta si violenta e&cesiva.

P#AINTIFF * he person or company that files a lawsuit.

REC#AMANT - 6ersoana sau compania care deschide un proces legal.

P#EA * 1n a criminal case, the defendant5s statement pleading >guilty> or >not guilty> in answer to the
charges. (4ee also <:': C:<-<2R-).

P#EDOARIE - 1n procesele infractionale declaratia acu!atului plediand vinovat sau nevinovat ca raspuns
la acu!atii. 3e!i de asementi 7<o 'o Contendre.8

P#EA BARGAIN * +n agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant. 1t lets the defendant plead
guilty to a less serious charge, if the court approves.

NEGOCIEREA P#EDOARIEI - n aran#ament intre un procuror si reclamat. 1i permite reclamatului sa plede!e vinovat la o
acu!atie mai putin serioasa daca tribunalul aproba.

P#EAD - o admit or deny committing a crime.

A P#EDA - + admite sau nega comiterea unei infractiuni.

P#EADING * %ritten statements filed with the court that describes a party5s legal or factual claims about
the case and what the party wants from the court.

P#EDOARIE - 2eclaratie scrisa, pre!entata la tribunal care descrie pretentiile legale si faptice ale unei parti legate de un proces si
ce doreste partea de la tribunal.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PO##ING T'E JUR" * + practice in which #urors are asked individually whether they agree with the
final verdict in the case they #ust decided.

OTAREA JURIU#UI - : practica prin care #uratii sunt intrebati inmod individual daca sunt de acord cu verdictul final in ca!ul pe
care tocmai l*au decis.

PO#"GRAP' * 'ie detector test and the apparatus for conducting the test.

PO#IGRAF - n test de detectare a minciunii si aparatul folosit pentru test.

POSSESSION OF DRUGS  he presence of drugs on the accused for recreational use or for the purpose
to sell.

POSESIE DE DROGURI - 6re!enta drogurilor asupra acu!atului pentru u! recreational sau in scopul van!arii.

POST CONICTION  + procedure by which a convicted defendant challenges the conviction andor
sentence on the basis of some alleged violation or error.

DUPA CONDAMNARE - 6rocedura prin care un reclamat condamnat chestionea!a condamnarea sisau sentinta ba!at pe o asa !isa
violare sau eroare.

POSTPONEMENT  o put off or delay a court hearing.

AMANARE - + amana sau intarsia un proces legal.

POUR-OER %I##  + will that leaves some or all estate property to a trust established before the will*
makerFs death.
(****) * n testament care lasa o parte sau toata proprietatea unei tutele stabilite inaite de moartea testatarului.

PO%ER OF ATTORNE"  "ormal authori!ation of a person to act in the interest of another person.

PUTERE DE AOCAT - +utori!area formala a unei persoane de a actiona in interesul altei persoane.

PRA"ER- + request of the court to grant the process, aid, or relief which the complainant desires also,
that portion of a document containing such request.

PETITIE - : cerere a tribunalului de garanta procesului a#utor sau inlesnire pe care o doreste petitionarul. 2e asemeni, portiunea
documentului care contine aceasta cerere.

PRECEDENT + court decision in an earlier case that the court uses to decide similar or new cases.

(****) * : deci!ie a tribunalului intr*un ca! precedent pe care o foloseste tribunalul pentru a decide un ca! nou sau similar.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PREINJUNCTION  Court order requiring action or forbidding action until a decision can be made
whether to issue a permanent in#unction. 1t differs from a -M6:R+RO R-4R+1<1</ :R2-R .

REDISPO!ITIE - n ordin al tribunalului ceriand actiunea sau inter!icerea actiunii pana cand o deci!ie este luata pentru eliberarea
unui ordin permanent. 4e deosebeste de ordinul temporar restrictive.

PREJUDICE  %hen an act or decision affects a person5s rights in a negative way.

PREJUDICIU - Cand un act sau o deci!ie afectea!a drepturile unei persoane in mod negativ.

PREJUDICIA# ERROR  4ynonymous with reversible error  an error which authori!es the appellate
court to reverse the #udgment before it.

EROARE PREJUDICIA#A - 4inonim cu eroare reversibila. : eroare care permite curtii apelate sa reverse!e #udecata
dinainte.

PREJUDICIA# EIDENCE  -vidence which might unfairly sway the #udge or #ury to one side or the
other.

EIDENTA PREJUDICIA#A - -videnta care ar putea influenta un #udecator sau #uriu de o parte sau de alta.

PRE#IMINAR" 'EARING  he hearing available to a person charged with a felony to determine if
there is enough evidence (probable cause) to hold him for trial.

JUDECARE PRE#IMINARA - $udecata disponibila penttru o persoana acu!ata de un delict pentru a determina daca e&ista
suficienta evidenta ca sa*l retina pentru #udecata finala.

PRE#IMINAR" INJUNCTION  1n civil cases when it is necessary to preserve the status quo prior to
trial, the court may issue this or a temporary restraining order ordering a party to carry out a specified activity.

ORDIN PRE#IMINAR - 1n ca!urile civile, cand este nevoie de pastrarea statuquo*ului inainte de
#udecata, tribunalul poate elibera aceasta sau un ordin restrictiv impunand partii sa indeplineasca o anumita activitate.

PREMEDITATION he planning of a crime before the crime takes place, rather than committing the
crime on the spur of the moment.

PREMEDITARE - 6lanuirea unei crime inainte ca aceasta sa aiba loc, sin u comiterea crimei instantaneu.

PREMISES – hat which is put before that which precedes the foregoing statements.

(****) - Ceva care se afla inainte, ceva care precede, declaratii precedente.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PREPERMANENC" 'EARING  he hearing conducted according to %elfare and 1nstitutions Code 4ection ;@@.09(e) for
foster care placement children who were over age three at the time of detention, to monitor the welfare of the child and evaluate
the parentsF reunification efforts.

(****) * +udierea condusa in de acord cu sectia ;@@.09 (e) a codului de institutii si buna stare pentruplasarea copiilor in gri#a tutelara,
care sunt in varsta de peste ; ani in momentul detentiei, pentru a monitori!a bunastarea copilului si a evalua eforturile de unificare a
parintilor.

PREPONDERANCE OF T'E EIDENCE  o win a civil case, the plaintiff has to prove that most of
the evidence is on his or her side.

PREPONDERENTA EIDENTEI -
evidenta este de partea sa. 6entru a castiga un ca! civil, reclamantul trebuie sa dovedeasca faptul ca cea mai multa

PRESENTENCE REPORT  + report prepared by the probation department for the #udge when
sentencing a defendant. 2escribes defendant5s backgroundN financial, #ob, and family status community ties criminal history and
facts of the current offense.

(****) * n raport pe care il pregateste un department de probare cand #udecatorul da sentinta pentru un reclamat. 2escrie trecutul
reclamatuluiN financiar, muncitoresc, statutul familial, legaturile in comunitate, trecutul criminal si faptele delictului curent.

PRESENTMENT  2eclaration or document issued by a grand #ury that either makes a neutral report or
notes misdeeds by officials charged with specified public duties. 1t ordinarily does not include a formal charge of crime. +
presentment differs from an 1<21CM-<.

DEC#ARATIE - 2eclaratie sua document eliberat de marele #uriu care ori produce un raport neutru, ori ia nota de faptele negative
facute de persoanele oficiale desemnata cu anumite datorii publice. 2e obicei nu include o acu!atie formala de crima. : declaratie se
deosebeste de o incriminare.

PRESUMED FAT'ER  + man who is married to the mother of the child, who has signed a declaration
of paternity, or has received the child into his home and held the child out to the community as his child, whether that man is the
biological father of the child, or not.

TATA PRESUPUS - n barbat care este casatorit cu mama unui copil care a semnat o declaratie de paternitate, sau l*a primit pe copil
in casa sa si l*a pre!entat comunitatii ca si copil al sau, fie ca acel barbat este tatal biologic al copilului sau nu.

PRESUMPTION  +n inference of the truth or falsity of a proposition or fact, that stands until rebutted by
evidence to the contrary.

SUPO!ITIE - : deducere a adevarului sau o falsitate a unei propo!itii sau fapt, care sta in picioare pana cand este repins de
evidenta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE  + hallowed principle of criminal law that a person is innocent of a
crime until proven guilty. he government has the burden of proving every element of a crime beyond a reasonable doubt and the
defendant has no burden to prove his innocence.

PRESUPUNEREA NEINOATIEI - n principiu onorat al legii criminale prin care o ersoana este nevinovata de o crima, pana
cand este dovedita vinovata. /uvernul trebuie sa dovedeasca fiecare element al crimei, iar reclamatul nu are datoria sa isi dovedeasca
nevinovatia.

PRESUMPTION OF #A%  a rule of law that courts and #udges shall draw a particular inference from a
particular fact, or from particular evidence.

PRESUPUNEREA #EGII - n regulament de lege prin care tribunalele si #udecatorii vor trage o anumita conclu!ie dintr*un anumit
fapt sau de la o anumita evidenta.

PRETERMITTED C'I#D * + child born after a will was written, who is not provided for by the will.
Most states have laws that provide for a share of estate property to go to such children.

COPI# OMIS - n copil nascut dup ace un testament a fost scris, caruia testamentul nu*1 lasa nimic. Cele mai ulte state au legi care
asigura o parte a proprietatii imobiliare pentru astfel de copii.

PRETRIA# CONFERENCE * +ny time both sides of the case go to court before trial. 1n criminal cases,
it5s usually when the defendant and prosecutor talk about settling the case.

CONFERINTA INAINTE DE PROCES - :ricaind cele doua parti implicate intr*un proces merg la tribunal ianite de #udecata in
ca!urile infractionale, este de obicei cand reclamatul si acu!atorul discuta despre solutionarea ca!ului.

PRIMA FACIE CASE * + case that is sufficient and has the minimum amount of evidence necessary to
allow it to continue in the #udicial process. "rom the 'atin for >from first view.>
(****) * n proces care este suficient si are minimum de evidenta necesara de a permite continuarea procesului #udiciar. 2in
latina, 7de la prima vedere.8

PRINCIPA# – he source of authority or right.

MANDANT - 4ursa de autoritate sau drept.

PRINCIPA#S  6ersons who are involved in committing or attempting to commit a crime. 1ncludes those
who directly and actively commit or attempt to commit the crime, or those who assist (aid and abet) in the commission or attempted
commission of the crime.

PRINCIPA#I - 6ersoane care sunt implicat in comiterea sau incercarea de a comite o crima. 1nclude pe aceia care comit direct
sau incearca sa comita o crima, sau pe cei care ncearca sa a#ute la comiterea unei crime.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PRINCIP#E TERM - /reatest term of imprisonment imposed by the court on any one count, imposed of
base term plus any enhancements, to which subordinate terms are added.

(****) * Cel mai mare termen de inchisoare impus de un tribunal in contul cuiva , ca termen de ba!a impreuna cu orice alte
adaugiri, la care se adauga termine secundare.

PRIORS * erm meaning previous conviction(s) of the accused.

(****) * ermen care inseamna condamnari precedente ale acu!atului.

PRIOR CONICTION - +s used in 4uperior Court pleadings, an allegation that defendant has previously
been imprisoned.

CONDAMNARE PRECEDENTA - Cum este folosit in sesiunile din curtea superioara, o declaratie ca acu!atul a mai fost
intemnitat inainte.

PRIOR INCONSISTENT STATEMENT – 1n evidence, these are prior statements made by the witness
which contradict statements the witness made on the witness stand.

DEC#ARATIE ANTERIOARA INCONSECENTA - 1n evidenta, acestea sunt declaratii anterioare facute de martori care
contra!ic declaratiile pe care martorii le fac in bo&a martorilor.

PRISON  + federal or state public building or other place for the confinement of persons. 1t is used as
either a punishment imposed by the law or otherwise in the course of the administration of #ustice. +lso known as penitentiary,
penal institution, adult correctional institution, or #ail.

INC'ISOARE - : cladire publica federala sau de stat sau un alt loc de detinere a persoanelor. -ste folosita fie ca pedeapsa
impusa prin lege sau de altfel, in cursul #udecatii. 2e asemeni cunoscuta ca penitenciar, institutie penala, institutie
corectionala pentru adulti sau temnita.

PRIAC", RIG'T OF – he right to be left alone the right of a person to be free from unwarranted
publicity.

DREPTU# #A SO#ITUDINE - 2reptul de a fi lasat in pace, sau singur. 2reptul unei persoane de a fi ferita de publicitate.

PRII#EGE * +n advantage not en#oyed by all a special e&emption from prosecution or other lawsuits.
(4ee also 1MM<1O.)

PRII#EGIU - n avanta# de care nu se bucura oricine. : e&ceptie speciala de la acu!are sau procese legale. (3e!i 1munitate).

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PRII#EGED COMMUNICATIONS * Confidential communications to certain persons that are
protected by law against any disclosure, including forced disclosure in legal proceedings. Communications between lawyer and
client, physician and patient, psychotherapist and patient, priest, minister, or rabbi and penitent are typically privileged.

COMUNICARI PRII#EGIATE - Comunicari confidentiale cu anumite persoane care sunt prote#ate de lege impotriva oricarei
de!valuiri inclu!ind de!valuirea fortata in procedurile legale. Comunicari intre
avocati si client, doctor si pacient, psihoterapist si pacient, preot, pastor sau rabin si pacatos sunt de obicei privilegoiate.

PRIIT" * Mutual or successive relationships to the same right of property, or the same interest of one
person with another which represents the same legal right.

#EGATURA - Relatii successive sau mutuale cu acelasi drept de proprietate sau acelasi interes al unei persoane cu alta, care
repre!inta acelasi drept legal.

PROBAB#E CAUSE * + good reason to believe that a crime has or is being committed the basis for all
lawful searches, sei!ures, and arrests.

CAU!A PROBABI#A - n motiv intemeiat de a crede ca o infractiune a fost sau este comisa. emeiul pentru orice cercetare
legala, confiscari sau arestari.

PROBATE * he #udicial process to determine if a will of a dead person is genuine or not lawful
distribution of a decedent5s estate.

A#IDARE - 6rocesul #udiciar pentru a determina daca testamentul unei persoane moarte este verosimil sau nu. 2istribuirea legala
a proprietatii unui decedat.

PROBATE COURT * he court with authority to deal with the estates of people who have died.

CURTEA DE TESTAMENTE SI SUCCESIUNI - ribunalul care are autoritatea de a opera proprietatile persoanelor care au murit.

PROBATE ESTATE * +ll the assets in an estate that are sub#ect to probate. his does not include all
property. "or e&ample, property in #oint tenancy are not part of the probate estate.

PROPRIETATE TESTAMENTAREA - oate posesiunile dintr*o proprietate care sunt supuse testamentului. +ceasta nu include
toata proprietatea. 2e e&emplu, poprietatile detinut in comun nu sunt parte a proprietatii testamentare.

PROBATION * + sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases a convicted

defendant under supervision of a probation officer that makes certain that the defendant follows certain rules, for e&ample, gets a
#ob, gets drug counseling.

PROBARE - : sentinta in loc de inchisoare, in care tribunalul il eliberea!a pe reclamatul condamnat sub supravegherea unui ofiter de
probare care se asigura ca reclamatul respecta anumite reguli, ca de e&emplu ,
isi ia un serviciu sau o sluba, face terapie de de!into&icare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PROBATION BEFORE JUDGMENT (PBJ * + conditional avoidance of imposing a sentence after conviction.

PROBARE INAINTE DE JUDECATA - : evitare conditionala a impunerii unei conditii dupa condamnare.

PROBATION DEPARTMENT * he department that oversees the actions of those who are on probation
as well as the location of where probation officers work.

DEPARTAMENTU DE PROBARE - 2epartamentul care supraveghea!a actiunile celor care sunt sub probare, la fel ca si adresa
unde lucrea!a ofiterii de probare.

PROBATION OFFICER * :ne who supervises a person placed on probation and is required to report the
progress and to surrender them if they violate the terms and conditions of the probation.

OFITER DE PROBARE - Cineva care supraveghea!a o persoana plasata sub probare si careia 1 se cere sa raporte!e progresul si sa se
predea daca violea!a termenii si conditiile probarii.

PRO BONO * 'egal work done for free. "rom the 'atin meaning >for the public good.>

(****) * Munca #uridica facuta de gratis. 3ine din latina 7pentru binele public.8

PROCEDURA# #A% * he method, established normally by rules to be followed in a case the formal
steps in a #udicial proceeding.

#EGE DE PROCEDURA - Metoda stabilita in mod normal prin reguli care trebuie sa fie folosita intr*un proces. 6asii oficiali
necesari intr*o procedura #uridica.

PRODUCTS #IABI#IT" – Refers to the legal liability of manufacturers and sellers to compensate
buyers, users and even bystanders for damages or in#uries suffered because of defects in goods purchased.

RESPONSABI#ITATEA DE PRODUCTIE - 4e refera la responsabilitatea legala a fabricantilor si van!atorilor de a*1 compensa

pe cumparatori si pe cei care folosesc bunurile, chiar si pe spectatori pentru pagubele si vatamarile suferite din cau!a defectelor
bunurilor cumparate.

PROFFER * +n offer of proof as to what the evidence would be if a witness were called to testify or
answer a question.

A OFERI - :ferirea dove!ii asupra evidentei care ar e&ista daca un martor ar fi chemat sa raspunda la intrebari.

PRO 'AC ICE - for this one particular occasion. "or e&ample, an out*of*state lawyer may be admitted
to practice in a local #urisdiction for a particular case only. "rom the 'atin meaning >for this turn.>

(****) * Cu oca!ia aceasta. 2e e&emplu, un avocet din afara statului poate fi admis sa practice intr*o #ursdictie locala doar
pentru un anumit ca!. 1n latina insseamna 7de data aceasta.8

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PRO'IBITION - +ct or law that forbids something.

PRO'IBITIE - n act de lege care inter!ice ceva.

PROMISSOR" NOTE - + written document that says a person promises to pay money to another.

O NOTA DE PROMISIUNE - n document scris care spune ca o persoana promite sa plateasca bani la cineva.

PROOF * +ny fact or evidence that leads to a #udgment of the court.

DOADA - :rice fapt sau evidenta care duce la o #udecata in tribunal.

PROOF OF SERICE * + form filed with the court that proves that court papers were properly delivered
to someone.

DOADA DE SERIRE - n act inregistrat de tribunal care dovedeste ca hartiile de la tribunal au fost servite in mod correct
cuiva.

PRO PER * 6erson who presents their own cases in court without lawyers (4ee also 1< 6R:61+
6-R4:<+ and 6R: 4-.)

(****) * 6ersoana care isi pre!inta ca!ul personal la avocet, fara avocat. (3e!i de asemenea 1n 6ropria
6ersoana si 6ro 4e).

PROPERT"  4omething tangible or intangible that someone holds legal title.

PROPRIETATE - Ceva tabgibil sau intangibil care are un titlu legal.

PRO SE * 6erson who presents their own cases in court without lawyers (4ee also 6R: 6-R and 6R:
4-.)

(****) * 6ersoana care isi pre!inta singura ca!ul la tribunal, fara avocet. (3e!i de asemenea 6ro 6er si 6ro
4e).

PROSECUTING ATTORNE" * + public office who prosecutes criminal cases for the state. 4ee
6R:4-C:R and 214R1C +:R<-O.

AOCAT A# ACU!ARII - n oficiu public care acu!a ca!urile criminale pentru stat. 3e!i 6rocuror si
+vocat 2e 2istrict.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PROSECUTION * he party that starts a criminal case and files criminal charges. he prosecution is the lawyer for the state. +
common name for the state5s side of the case.

ACU!ARE - 6artea care deschide un proces criminal si adduce acu!atii criminae. 6rocurorul este avocatul statului. n nume obisnuit
pentru partea statului intr*un proces.

PROSECUTOR * + trial lawyer representing the government in a criminal case and the interests of the
state in civil matters. 1n criminal cases, the prosecutor has the responsibility of deciding who and when to file charges.

PROCUROR - n avocat legal care repre!inta guvernul intr*un proces criminal si interesele statului in actiuni civile.

PROSTITUTION * he performance or agreement to perform a se&ual act for hire.

PROSTITUTIE - 1nfaptuirea sau acceptarea de a infaptui un act se&ual pentru plata.

PROTECTIE ORDER * + court order to protect a person from further harassment, service of process,
or discovery.

ORDIN DE PROTECTIE - n ordin al tribunalului pentru a prote#a o persoana de la hartuire continua sau cercetare.

PRO TEM * + temporary assigned official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court.

(****) * : persoana oficiala desemnata temporar cu autoritatea de a #udeca si a decide procesele la tribunal.

PRO)IMATE CAUSE * he act that caused an event to occur.

CAU!A APRO)IMATIA - +ctul care a cau!at intamplarea unui eveniment.

PUB#IC DEFENDER * + lawyer picked by the court to represent a defendant who cannot afford a
lawyer.

APARATOR PUB#IC - n avocet ales de tribunal sa repre!inte un reclamat care nu*si poate permite un avocat.

PUNITIE DAMAGES * Money awarded to an in#ured person, over and above the measurable value of
the in#ury, in order to punish the person who hurt him.

DAUNE PUNITIE - Hani acordati unei persoane vatamate peste si deasupra valorii vatamarii cu scopul
de a pedepsi persoana care l*a vatamat.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 99

PURGE * o clean or clear, such as eliminating inactive records from court files with respect to civil contempt, to clear the
noncompliance that caused the contempt finding.

A ISPASI - + curati sau a clarifica prin eliminare dosare inactive din arhivele tribunaluli in ce priveste nesupunerea civila a sterge
insubordonarea care a determinat acu!atia de nesupunere.

&UANTUM MERUIT * 'atin meaning >as much as he deserves,> and describes the e&tent of liability on a
contract implied by law.

(****) * 1n latina inseamna 7atat cat merita8 si descrie e&tinderea responsabilitatii unui contract preva!ut de lege.

&UAS' * o overthrow, to vacate, to annul or make void.

A ANU#A - + rasturna,a goli, a anula, sau a anula.

&UASI JUDICIA# * +uthority or discretion vested in an officer whose actions are of a #udicial character.

ASA !IS JUDICIAR - +utoritate sau discretia investita intr*un ofiter ale carui actiuni sunt de un character #udiciar.

&UID PRO &UO * 4omething for something giving one valuable thing for another.

(****) * Ceva pentru ceva. + da un lucru de valoare pentru altul.

&UO %ARRANTO * + writ issuable by the state, through which it demands an individual show by what
right he or she e&ercises authority which can only be e&ercised through a grant from the state or why he or she should not be removed
from a state office.

(****) * n ordin dat de catre stat prin care se cere ca un individ sa arate cu ce drept sa e&ercite autoritatea
care poate fi e&ercitata doar cu permisiunea statului si de ce aceasta persoana nu ar trebui sa fie indepartata din oficiul statului.

RAP S'EET * + written summary of a person5s criminal history.

(****) * n re!umat scris al istoricului criminal al unei persoane.

RAPE * nlawful intercourse with an individual without their consent.

IO# - +ct se&ual illegal cu un individ fara consimtamantul acestuia.

RAPE, STATUTOR" * 4ee 4+:RO R+6-.

(****) * 3e!i 4tatutory Rape.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

RATIFICATION* (he confirmation or adoption of a previous act done either by the party himself or by another.

RATIFICARE - Confirmarea sau adoptarea unui act precedent sau anterior facut de catre partea in sine sau de catre altcineva.

RATIO DECIDENDI * he ground or reason of the decision in a case.

(****) * emeiul sau motivul unei deci!ii intr*un proces.

RE - 1n the matter of in the case of.

REFERITOR - 1n ca!ul sau in chestiunea de.

REA# EIDENCE * -vidence given to e&plain, repel, counteract, or disprove facts given in evidence by
the adverse party.

EIDENTA REA#A - -videnta data pentru e&plicarea, respingerea, contracarearea, sau tagaduirea faptelor date ca evidenta de
catre partea adversa.

REA# PROPERT" * 'and and buildings.

PROPRIETATEA IMOBI#IARA - eren si cladiri.

REASONAB#E DOUBT, BE"OND A * he degree of certainty required for a #uror to legally find a
criminal defendant guilty. +n accused person is entitled to acquittal if, in the minds of the #ury, his or her guilt has not been proved
beyond a >reasonable doubt> that state of mind of #urors in which they cannot
say they feel a persisting conviction as to the truth of the charge.

DINCO#O DE ORICE INDOIA#A - /radul de certitudine cerut de la un #urat pentru a gasi in mod legal
un reclamat drept vinovat. : persoana acu!ata este indreptatita la achitare daca in opinia #uriului vina san u
a fost dovedita dincolo de orice indoiala po!itia #uriului in care nu poate sa spuna ca este o convingere persistenta cu privire la
adevarulacu!atiei.

REASONAB#E PERSON * + phrase used to define a hypothetical person who e&ercises qualities of
attention, knowledge, intelligence, and #udgment that society requires of its members for the protection of
his or her own interest and the interests of others. hus, the test of negligence is based on either a failure to
do something that a reasonable person, guided by considerations that ordinarily regulate conduct, would do,
or on the doing of something that a reasonable and prudent (wise) person would not do.

PERSOANA RATIONA#A - -&presie folosita pentru a defini o persoana ipotetica care e&ercita calitati
de atentie, cunoastere, inteligenta si #udecata pe care societatea le cere membrilor sai pentru prote#area interesului propriu si al
intereselor altora. +stfel, testul de negli#enta este ba!at ori pe omiterea unui lucru
pe care o persoana rationala ghidata de o conduita considerenta le*ar face sau pe infaptuirea a ceva pe care
o persoana rationala si prudenta nu le*ar face.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

REBUTTA# * -vidence presented at trial by one party in order to overcome evidence introduced by another party.

COMBATERE - -videnta pre!entata la #udecata de catre o parte pentru a respinge evidenta introdsa de catre o alta parte.

RECA## * Cancellation by a court of a warrant before its e&ecution by the arrest of a defendant also, a
process by which a retired #udge may be asked to sit on a particular case.

A ABROGA - +nularea de catre un tribunal a unui mandat inaite de e&ecutie prin arestul reclamatului. 2e asemenea un proces prin
care un #udecator pensionat poate fi chemat sa asiste intr*un anume proces.

RECEIING STO#EN PROPERT" – :ffense of receiving any property with the knowledge that it has
been feloniously, or unlawfully stolen, taken, e&torted, obtained, embe!!led, or disposed of.

ACCEPTAREA DE BUNURI FURATE - 2elictul de a primi orice proprietate cu buna stiinta ca a fost furata intr*un mod
delictuos si illegal, luata, e&torcata, obtinuta, delapidata, sau inlaturata.

RECIDIISM  he continued, habitual, or compulsive breaking the law after having been convicted of
prior offenses.

(****) * Calcarea continua, habituala si impulsive a legii dup ace persoana a fost condamnata de dlicte anterioare.

REC$#ESS DRIING  :peration of a motor vehicle that shows a reckless disregard of possible
consequences and indifference of otherFs rights.

CONDUS PERICU#OS - :perarea unui autovehicul care arata nepasarea de posibilele consecinte si indiferenta fata de
drepturile altuia.

REC#ASSIF" - o change the #urisdiction of the case from 'imited (up to L0?,AAA) to nlimited (more
than L0?,AAA) and vice versa.

REC#ASIFICARE - + schimba #urisdictia unui proces de la 'imitat pana la 0?, AAA de dolari, la
<elimitat mai mult de 0?, AAA de dolari si vice versa.

RECOGNI!ANCE  he practice which enables an accused awaiting trial to be released without posting
any security other than a promise to appear before the court at the proper time. "ailure to appear in court at the proper time is a
separate crime.

RECUNOASTERE - 6ractica prin care un acu!at care asteapta #udecata este eliberat fara nici o cautiune,
ci doar trebuie sa promita ca apare la tribunal la timpul potrivit omiterea de a aparea la tribunal la timpul potrivit constituie o
infractiune separate.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

RECORD  he official papers that make up a court case.

DOASR - 2ocumentele oficiale care compun un proces legal.

RECUSE  %hen you remove yourself or are removed from a criminal or civil proceeding because you
have a conflict of interest. "or e&ample, a #udge can recuse himself because someone in the case is a friend
or business partner.

A RECU!A - Cand esti inlaturat dintr*o procedura civila sau criminala, din cau!a unui conflict de interese.
2e obicei un #udecator se poate retrage pentru ca cineva dintr*un process este prieten sau partener de afaceri.

REDACT * o adapt or edit for public record.

A REDACTA - + adapta sau edita pentru informatia publica.

RE-DIRECT E)AMINATION  :pportunity to present rebuttal evidence after oneFs evidence has been
sub#ected to cross*e&amination.

E)AMINARE REDIRECTIONATA - 6osibilitatea de a pre!enta dovada combativa dup ace evidenta cuiva a fost supusa la
e&aminarea colaterala.

REDRESS  o set right to remedy to compensate to remove the causes of a grievance.

REDRESA - + indrepta a remedia, a compensa, a indeparta cau!ele unei plingeri.

REFEREE  + person appointed by the court to hear and make decisions on limited legal matters, like
#uvenile or traffic offenses.
(****) * : persoana numita de catre tribunal sa #udece sis a ia deci!ii in chestiuni legale limitate, cum ar fi delicate #uvenile sau de
trafic.

REGU#ATION  + rule or order prescribed for management or government.

REG#EMENTARE - : regula sau ordin stability pentru administrare sau guvernare.

RE'EARING  +nother hearing of a civil or criminal case by the same court in which the case was
srcinally heard.

REJUDECARE - : alta #udecare a unu ca! civil sau infractional facuta de acelasi tribunal n care ca!ul a fost #udecat in principiu.

REINSTATED * o bring back to a previous condition. %hen bail that had been forfeited, e&onerated, or
reduced is reestablished in its srcinal amount.

REINSTA#AT - + se intoarce la situatia precedenta. Cand cautiunea care a fost pierduta, scutita, sau redusa este reevaluata la
suma de la inceput.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

REJOINDER  :pportunity for the side that opened the case to offer limited response to evidence presented during the
R-H+' by the opposing side.

RASPUNS #A INCU#PATU# - 6osibilitatea partii care a deschis ca!ul de a oferi un raspuns limitat drept evidenta pre!entata in
timpul combaterii partii opuse.

RE#EANT  -vidence that helps to prove a point or issue in a case.

(****) * -videnta care a#uta la dovedirea unui punct de vedere sau unei chestiuni intr*un ca!.

RE#IN&UIS'MENT  + forsaking, abandoning, renouncing, or giving over a right.

PARASIRE - 6arasirea, abandonarea, renuntarea suu cedarea unui drept.

REMAND  (9) %hen an appellate court sends a case to a lower court for further proceedings (0) to return
a prisoner to custody.

REMITE - (9) Cnd o Curte +pelata trimite un proces la un tribunal inferior pentru continuarea procedurilor (0) a trimite
un detinut inapoi la inchisoare.

REMED"  he means by which a right is enforced or the violation of a right is prevented, redressed or
compensated.

REMEDIU – Modul prin care este aplicat un drept sau modul in care violarea, redresarea sau compensarea unui drept este prevenit.

REMITTITUR * he transfer of records of a case from a court of appeal to the srcinal trial court for
further action or other disposition as ordered by the appellate court.
(****) * ransferul unui dosar de la o curte de apel la tribunalul initial pentru continuarea actiunii, sau altei dispo!itii, asa cum este
ordonat de catre curtea de apel.

REMOA#  he transfer of a state case to federal court for trial in civil cases, because the parties are
from different states in criminal and some civil cases, because there is a significant possibility that there could not be a fair trial in
state court.

MUTARE – ransferareaunui process de stat la un tribunal federal, pentru #udecare in procesele civile, pentru ca partile vin din
state diferiye in unele proceseinfractionale si ciile, pentru ca e&ista o posibilitate semnificativa ca #udecar a sa nu fie dreapta in tr*
un tribunal de stat.

REP#EIN  +n action for the recovery of a possession that has been wrongfully taken.

(****) * +ctiunea petru recuperarea unei posesiuni care a fost luata in mod abu!iv.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

REP#"  he response by a party to charges raised in a pleading by the other party.

REP#ICA – Raspunsul unei parti la acu!aiile aduse de catre partea opusa.

REPORT  +n official or formal statement of facts or proceedings.

RAPORT – 2eclaratie oficiala sau neoficiala a faptelor sauy procedurilor.

RES - + thing an ob#ect a sub#ect matter or a status.

#UCRU - n lucru un obiect o problema, sau o stare.

RES IPSA #O&UITUR * 'atin meaning >a thing that speaks for itself.> 1n tort law, the doctrine which
holds a defendant guilty of negligence without an actual showing that he or she was negligent.

(****) * 1n latinaN ceva care vorbeste pentru sine doctrina care il face pe un reclamat vinovat de negli#enta fara sa arate in fapt ca
persoana a fost negli#enta.

RES JUDICATA * + rule of civil law that once a matter has been litigated and final #udgment has been
rendered by the trial court, the matter cannot be relitigated by the parties in the same court, or any other trial court.

(****) * : regula a legii civile care spune ca odata ce o prolema a fost litigiata si tribunalul a decis aupra uneui verdict, problema nu
mai poate fi litigiata de nici una dintre parti in acelasi tribunal, sai in orice alt tribunal.

RESCUE DOCTRINE – Rescue doctrine is that one who has, through his negligence, endangered safety
of another and may be held liable for in#uries sustained by third person who attempts to save other from in#ury.

DOCTRINA DE SA#ARE - +pare in ca!ul in care o persoana, din negli#enta proprie, a pus in pericol
pe altcineva si poate fi considerat responsabil pentru vatamarile sustinute de o a treia persoana, care incearca sa ii salve!e de la
o alta vatamare.

RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR * >'et the master answer.> he doctrine which holds that employers are
responsible for the acts and omissions of their employees and agents, when done within the scope of the employees5 duties.

(****) * 71nteleptul sa raspunda8. eoria care sustine ca sefii sunt responsabili pentru faptele si omisiunile anga#atilor si agentilor
cand sunt facute in conte&tual datoriilor anga#atilor.

RESPONDENT * 1f you are the person that answers the srcinal 6etition, you are the respondent. -ven if
you later file an action of your own in that case, you are still the respondent for as long as the case is open .

PIRT - 2ca tu esti persoana care rspunde la petitia initiala, tu esti piritul. Chiar daca mai tar!iu deschi!i o actiune personala in acel
ca! tot tu esti piritul pe perioada cat este deschis acle proces.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

REST * %hen a party in a case has presented all the evidence it intends to offer.

INC'EIERE - Cand o parte intr*un proces a pre!entat toata evident ape care a intentionat sa o ofere.

RESTITUTION * /iving something back to its owner. :r, giving the owner something with the same
value, like paying to fi& his or her property.

RESTITUIRE - + da ceva inapoi proprietarului. 4au, a da proprietarului inapoi ceva de aceeasi valoare, ca
si cu ai plati pentru repararea proprietatii sale.

RESTITUTION 'EARING * + hearing that may be requested to dispute the amount of restitution
ordered by the court.

JUDECATA DE RESTITUIRE - : #udecata cre poate fi ceruta pentru a disputa suma de restituire ordonata de catre tribunal.

RESTRAINING ORDER * + court order that tells a person to stop doing something for a certain amount
of time, usually until a court hearing is held.

ORDIN DE RESTRICTIE - n ordin al tribunalului care spune unei persoane sa nu mai faca un anumit lucru pentru o anumita
perioada de timp de obicei pina la #udecare.

RETAINER * +ct of the client employing the attorney or counsel. +lso, the fee the client pays when he or
she retains the attorney to act for him or her.

A#EGEREA UNUI AOCAT, ONORARIU - +ctul de a anga#a un avocat de catre client. Mai este de asemeni ta&a pe care o
plateste un avocat pentru a actiona in dreptul sau.

RETA#IATION  1nfliction upon someone in response to an in#ury that heshe has caused another.

REANSA - + recurge la represalii ca raspuns la o vatamare care a fost cau!ata de cineva.

RETURN * + report to a #udge by police on the implementation of an arrest or search warrant. +lso, a
report to a #udge in reply to a subpoena, civil or criminal.

(****) * n raport facut de politie catre un #udecator despre arestarea sau perche!itionarea cuiva. 2e asemeni, un raport catre un
#udecator ca replica la o citatie civila sau criminala.

REUNIFICATION SERICES  4ervices that help parents get their children back after they are taken
away.

SERICII DE REUNIFICARE - 4ervicii care a#uta parintilor sa*si primeasca inapoi copiii dup ace au fost luati de la ei.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

REERSE * +n action of a higher court in setting aside or revoking a lower court decision.

INERS - : actiune a unui tribunal superior in a pune de*o parte sau a revoca deci!ia unui tribunal inferior.

REERSIB#E ERROR * + procedural error during a trial or hearing sufficiently harmful to #ustify
reversing the #udgment of a lower court. (4ee 6R-$21C1+' -RR:R.)

EROARE REERSIBI#A - : eroare de procedura in timpul unei #udecati care este suficient de daunatoare pentru a
#ustifica revocarea deci!iei unui tribunal inferior.
(3e!i -roare 6re#udiciala.)

REOCAB#E TRUST * + trust that the grantor may change or revoke.

TUTE#A REOCABI#A - : tutela care poate fi schimbata sau revocabila.

REO$E * o change or take back.

A REOCA - + schimba sau a lua inapoi.

RIG'TS, CONSTITUTIONA# * he rights of a person guaranteed by the state or federal constitutions.

DREPT CONSTITUTIONA# - 2repturile unei persoane garantate de stat sau constitutiile federale.

RIOT – + public disturbance involving acts of violence by persons where three or more persons are
gathered.

REO#TA - : rasculare publica care implica acte de violenta acolo unde sunt adunate trei sau mai multe persoane.

ROBBER" * he act of taking money, personal property, or any other article of value that is in the
possession of another by means of force or fear.

JAF - +ctul de a lua bani, proprietate personala, sau orice alt articol de valoare care se afla in posesia cuiva prin forta sau infricosare.

ROUT * wo or more persons, assembled and acting together, making any attempt or advance toward the
commission of an act which would be a riot if actually committed.

BANDA - 2oua sau mai multe persoane, adunate si actionind impreuna, facand orice incercare sau fiind aproape de comiterea unui
act care ar re!ulta intr*o revolta daca ar fi comis.

RU#E * +n established standard, guide, or regulation.

REGU#A - n standard stabilit, un ghid, sau regulatie.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

RU#E OF COURT * +n order made by a court having competent #urisdiction. Rules of court are either general or special the
former are the regulations by which the practice of the court is governed, the latter
are special orders made in particular cases.

REGU#A DE #A TRIBUNA# - n ordin facut de tribunal si avand o #urisdictie competenta. Regulile de

la tribunal sunt generali!ate sau speciale prima este regula prin care este guvernata practica tribunalului,
iar a doua repre!inta ordine speciala date in anumite ca!uri.

RU#ES OF EIDENCE * 4tandards governing whether information can be admitted and considered in a
civil or criminal case.

REGU#I DE EIDENTA - 4tandarde care stabilesc daca informatia poate sa fie acceptata si luata in considerare intr*un ca!
civil sau criminal.

SANCTION * + financial punishment meant to make someone obey the law. "or e&ample, a #udge can
order someone to pay for not following court orders.

SANCTIUNE - : pedeapsa financiara care determina pe cineva sa respecte legea. 2e e&emplu un #udecator poate sa
ordone!e cuiva sa plateasca pentru ca nu a respectat ordinul tribunalului.

SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT - 6ayment of a #udgment amount by the losing party.

SATISFACTIE DE JUDECATA - 6lata unei sume de #udecata facuta de catre partea care a pierdut.

SEA#ING * he closure of court records to inspection, e&cept to the parties.

(****) * 4upunerea dosarului pentru inspectie cu e&ceptia partilor.

SEARC' AND SEI!URE * + person or place is searched and evidence useful in the investigation and
prosecution of a crime is taken. he search is conducted after an order is issued by a #udge.

PERC'E!ITIE SI CONFISCARE - : persoana sau un loc sunt cercetate si evidenta care este folositoare
in investigarea si acu!area unei crime este luata. 6erche!itionarea este facuta dupa ce un ordin a folst eliberat de catre un
#udecator.

SEARC' %ARRANT * +n order that tells the police to search a specific place to find specific people or
things. + #udge can order a search warrant if there is probable cause.

ORDIN DE PERC'E!ITIE - n ordin care spune politiei sa cercete!e un anumit loc pentru a gasi
anumite persoane sau lucruri. n #udecator poate sa elibere!e un ordin de perche!itionare daca e&ista cau!a probabila.

SECURED DEBT * 1n bankruptcy proceedings, a debt is secured if the debtor gave the creditor a right to
repossess the property or goods used as collateral.

DATORIE SECURI!ATA - 1n procedurile de faliment o datorie este securi!ata daca datornicul a dat creditorului de a reposeda
proprietatea sau bunurile folosite colateral.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

SE#ECTION AND IMP#EMENTATION 'EARING * he hearing conducted post*reunification
failure according to %elfare and 1nstitutions Code 4ection ;@@.0@, to decide whether to terminate parental rights and free the child for
adoption, order a legal guardianship, or order permanent planned living arrangement.

JUDECATA SE#ECTIA SI DE IMP#EMENTARE - $udecata condusa dupa esuarea reunificarii in de acord cu sectiunea ;@@.0@ a
codului bunastarii si institutiilor pentru a decide daca trebuie terminate
drepturile unui parinte si sa dea copilul in adoptie, sa ordone!e un tutore legal, sau sa ordone!e aran#amente permanente de vietuire.

SE#F-DEFENSE * Claim that an act was legally #ustifiable because it was necessary to protect a person or
property from the threat or action of another.

AUTOAPARARE - 6retentia
de amenintarea sau actiunea ca un act a fost legal #ustificat pentru ca a fost necesar sa prote#e!e o persoana sau o proprietate
cuiva.

SE#F-INCRIMINATION * +cts or declarations by which one implicates oneself in a crime.

AUTOINCRIMINARE - +cte sau declaratii prin care cineva se acu!a de o infractiune.

SE#F-PROING %I## * + will that is signed under penalty of per#ury by two people who will not get
anything from the will. Oou do not have to get an affidavit from the witnesses.

(****) * n testament semnat sub #uramint de pedeapsa facut de doi oameni care nu vor beneficia de testament. <u este
necesara o declaratie de la martori.

SENTENCE * + #udge5s formal pronouncement of the punishment to be given to a person convicted of a

crime.

SENTINTA - 6ronuntarea oficiala a pedepsei data unei persoane condamnate de o infractiune.

SENTENCE REPORT * + document containing background material on a convicted person. 1t is

prepared to guide the #udge in the imposition of a sentence. 4ometimes called a 6R-*4-<-<C- R-6:R.

RAPORTU# SENTINTEI - n document care contine materialul informativ al unei persoane condamnate. -ste pregatit
pentru a*l a#uta pe #udeator in impunerea sentintei.
neori se numeste Raport 6re 4entinta.

SENTENCE, CONCURRENT * wo or more sentences of #ail time to be served simultaneously.

SENTINTE SIMU#TANE - 2oua sau mai multe sentinte de inchisoare care sunt servite simultan.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 90

SENTENCE, CONSECUTIE * wo or more sentences of #ail time to be served in sequence.

SENTINTE CONSECUTIE - 2oua sau mai multe sentinte de inchisoare care vor fi servite consecutiv.

SENTENCE, SUSPENDED * + sentence postponed in which the defendant is not required to serve time
unless he or she commits another crime or violates a court*imposed condition.

SENTINTA SUSPENDATA - : sentinta aminata in care reclamatului nu 1 se cere sa petreaca timp in inchisoare decit daca
comite o alta infractiune sau violea!a o conditie impusa de tribunal.

SENTENCING * he hearing where the court determines a person5s punishment.

A DA O SENTINTA - $udecata in care tribunalul hotareste pedeapsa unei persoane.

SEPARATE MAINTENANCE * +llowance ordered to be paid by one spouse to the other for support
while the spouses are living apart, but not divorced.

(****) * : pensie care trebuie sa fie platita de un sot celulalt pentru suport, in timp ce sotii traiesc separat, dar nu sunt divortati.

SEPARATION * +n arrangement where a husband and wife live apart from each other while remaining
married either by mutual consent or by a #udicial order.

SEPARARE - +ran#ament in care sotul si sotia traiesc despartiti unul de altul in timp ce ramin casatoriti
fie prin consimtamint mutual sau prin ordin #udiciar.

SE&UESTRATION OF %ITNESSES * eeping all witnesses (e&cept plaintiff and defendant) out of the
courtroom e&cept for their time on the stand, and cautioning them not to discuss their testimony with other witnesses. +lso called
separation of witnesses. his prevents a witness from being influenced by the testimony of a prior witness.

SEC'ESTRARE DE MARTORI - +*1 tine pe martori (cu e&ceptia reclamatului si a reclamantului) in afara salii de #udecata cu
e&ceptia timpului in care se afla in bo&a martorilor, si averti!indu*1 sa nu discute despre marturia lor cu alti martori.

SERE A SENTENCE * he act of spending an allotted amount of time in a designated location such as a
prison as punishment for the crime committed.

A SERI O SENTINTA - +ctul de a petrece o anumita perioada de timp intr*un loc desemnat, cum ar fi inchisoare, drept pedeapsa
pentru o infractiune comisa.

SERICE * %hen someone over 9B and not involved with your case gives the other party a copy of the
court papers in person or by mail.

A SERI - Cind cineva peste 9B ani care nu este implicat in caul tau da celeilalte parti o copie a documentelor de la
tribunal in persoana sau le trimite prin posta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SERICE OF PROCESS * he delivery of legal papers to the opposing party. he papers must be delivered by an adult
aged 9B or older that is not involved in the case and that swears to the date and method of delivery to the recipient.

SERIREA UNUI PROCES - 1nminarea documentelor legale partii opuse. 2ocumentele trebuie sa fie inminate de un adult de 9B
ani sau mai in virsta, care nu este implicat in proces si care inminea!a prin metoda si la data stabilita sub #uramint documentele
recipientului.

SETT#EMENT * %hen both sides reach an agreement that solves the case before the #udge or #ury makes
a decision.

ARANJAMET - Cind amindoua partile a#ung la o intelegere care re!olva ca!ul inainte ca #udecatorul sau #uriul sa ia o deci!ie.

SETT#OR * he person who sets up a trust. +lso called the /R+<:R .

(****) * 6ersoana care stabileste o tutela. 4e mai numeste cesionar.

SEERANCE DAMAGES – Compensation, which may be recovered in the courts by any person who has suffered loss or
detriment as a consequence of being cut off from something (i.e. employment).

PAGUBE DE SEPARARE - Compensare care poate fi recuperate in tribunale de o persoana care a suferit
o pierdere sau un detriment ca si consecinta a faptului ca a fost separate de ceva. (-&emplu..* +nga#are sau
4lu#ba)

SE)UA# ABUSE  ASSAU#T * nlawful se&ual contact with another person.

ABU! ASA#T SE)UA# - Contact se&ual ilegal cu o alta persoana.

SE)UA# BATTER" – he forced penetration of or contact with anotherFs se&ual organs or the se&ual
organs of the perpetrator.

BATAIE SE)UA#A - 6enetrarea fortata sau contactul cu organele se&uale ale altcuiva sau organele se&uale ale infaptuitorului.

SE)UA# 'ARASSMENT – 4e&ual words, conduct, or action (usually repeated and persistent) that, being
directed at a specific person, annoys, alarms, or causes substantial emotional distress in that person and serves not legitimate
purpose.

'ARTUIRE SE)UA#A - Cuvinte, conduita, sau actiune se&uala (de obicei repetate si persistente) care, fiind indreptate catre o
persoana anume, infurie, alarmea!a, sau provoaca tensiune emotionala in persoana respective si nu are un scop legitim.

SE)UA# MO#ESTATION  1llegal se& acts performed against a minor by a parent, guardian, relative or
acquaintance.

MO#ESTARE SE)UA#A - +cte de se& ilegal infaptuite cu un minor de catre un parinte, gardian, ruda sau cunostinta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SE)UA##" IO#ENT PREDATOR * a person who has been convicted of a se&ually violent offense against two or more
victims and has a diagnosed mental disorder that makes him or her a danger to the health and safety of others.

(****) * : persoana care a fost condamnata de infractiunea de violenta se&uala impotriva a doua sau mai multe victime, si care
diagnosticul de bolnav mintal, care Kil face un pericol fata de sanatatea si siguranta altora.

S'ERIFF  -lected officer of a county whose #ob is to conserve peace within his or her territorial
#urisdiction as well as aid in the criminal and civil court processes.

SERIF - :fiter ales intr*un sector a carui datorie este sa apere pacea in #urisdictia sa teritoriala sis a a#ute in procesele infractionale si
civile la tribunal.

S'OP#IFTING  he willful taking and concealing of merchandise from a store or business with the
intention of using the goods for oneFs personal use without paying the purchase price.

FURT - 'uarea sau ascunderea voita de marfa dintr*un msga!in cu intentia de a folosi bunurile pentru u! personal fara sa plateasca
pretul de cumparare.

S'O% CAUSE  + court order telling a person to appear in court and present any evidence why the
orders requested by the other side should not be granted or e&ecuted.

(****) * n ordin de tribunal spunind unei persoane ca trebuie sa apara la tribunal sis a pre!inte orice evidenta prin care ordinele
cerute de catre cealalta parte pot fi respinse.

SIDEBAR  + conference between the #udge and lawyers, usually in the courtroom, out of hearing of the
#ury and spectators.

(****) * : conferinta intre #udecatori si avocati, de obicei la tribunal, sin u in au!ul #uriului sau al spectatorilor.

S#ANDER  2efamation of a person5s character or reputation through false or malicious oral statements.
4ee 2-"+M+1:<.

CA#OMNIE - 2efaimarea caracterului sau reputatiei unei persoane prin declaratii orase malitioase si false. 3e!i de asemeni
2efaimare.

SMA## C#AIMS COURT  + court that handles civil claims for L?,AAA or less. 6eople often represent
themselves rather than hire an attorney.

TRIBUNA# DE PROCESE MINORE - n tribunal care se ocupa cu procese civile de ?,AAA de dolari sau mai putin. :amenii se
repre!inta pe sine, fara sa anga#e!e avocat.

SODOM"  :ral or anal copulation between humans, or between humans or animals.

SODOMIE - Contactul oras sau anal intre finite umane sau intre finite umane si animale.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SO#ICITATION – /etting someone else to commit a crime.

SO#ICITARE - + deternina pe altcineva sa comita o infractiune.

SOEREIGN IMMUNIT" * he doctrine that the government, state or federal, is e&empt to lawsuit
unless it gives its consent.

IMUNITATE SUPREMA - 2octrina ca guvernul, fie de stat sau federal, este e&ceptat de la darea in #udecata daca nu isi da
consimtamintul.

SPECIA# CIRCUMSTANCE - +llegation that a case or charge warrants the death penalty.
CIRCUMSTANTA DEOSEBITA - +legarea ca un proces sau o acu!atie garantea!a pedeapsa cu moartea.

SPECIA# ERDICTS – + verdict that gives a written finding for each issue, leaving the application of
the law to the #udge.

ERDICTE SPECIA#E - 3erdict care da o hotarire in scris pentru fiecare problema lasind aplicarea legii
in seama #udecatorului.

SPECIFIC INTENT CRIME - + crime which requires a specific mental state.

INFRACTIUNE CU INTENTI SPECIFICA - : infractiune care presupune o anumita stare mentala.

SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE * + remedy requiring a person who has breached a contract to perform
specifically what he or she has agreed to do. :rdered when damages would be inadequate compensation.

PERFORMANTA SPECIFICA - n remediu care cere persoanei care a rupt contractul sa indeplineasca termenii la care s*a anga#at.
-ste ordonat cind pagubele nu sunt adecvat.

SPEED" TRIA# * he right of an accused to an immediate trial as guaranteed by the @th +mendment of
the nited 4tates Constitution.

PROCES RAPID - 2reptul unui acu!at la o #udecata imediata cum este garantata de +mendamentul al @* lea al Constitutiei 4tatelor
nite.

SPENDT'RIFT TRUST * + trust that says that the beneficiary cannot give away or sell their part of the
trust. his means that creditors cannot take money from the trust.

(****) * : tutela care spune ca beneficiarul nu poate sa indeparte!e sau sa vinda partea sa din tutela. +ceasta inseamna ca nici creditorii
nu pot lua bani din tutela.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SPOUSA# SUPPORT - Court*ordered support of a spouse or e&*spouse also called >maintenance> or
>alimony.>

PENSIE A#IMENTARA - 6ensie ordonata de tribunal pentru sotsotie sau e& sotsotie.

SPOUSECO'ABITANT BEATING – 4ee 2:M-41C 31:'-<C-

BATAIE INTRE SOTI SAU COABITANTI - 3e!i 3iolenta 2omestica.

STA#$ING – he act or an instance of following another by stealth the offense of following or loitering

near another,
assault often surreptitiously, with the purpose of annoying or harassing that person or committing a further crime such as
or battery.

A URMARI - +ctul sau faptul de a urmari pe cineva in secret infractiunea de a urmari sau a !abovi in
#urul cuiva, adesea pe furis, cu scopul de a infuria sau hartui persoana sau a comite o infractiune cum ar fi
un asalt sau bataie.

STANDARD OF PROOF * here are essentially three standards of proof applicable in most court
proceedings. 1n criminal cases, the offense must be proven H-O:<2 + R-+4:<+H'- 2:H, the highest standard. 1n civil cases
and neglect and dependency proceedings, the lowest standard applies by a mere 6R-6:<2-R+<C- :" D- -312-<C-, (more
likely than not). 1n some civil cases, and in
#uvenile proceedings such as a permanent termination of parental rights, an intermediate standard applies, proof by C'-+R +<2
C:<31<C1</ -312-<C-.

(****) * -&ista trei standarde esentiale de dovedire aplicabile in cele mai multe proceduri #udecatoresti. 1n ca!urile criminale, delictul
trebuie dovedit 2incolo 2e :rice 1ndoiala, la cel mai inalt standard. 1n ca!urile civile si in procedurile de dependenta si negli#enta cel
mai de #os standard se aplica printr*o 6reponderenta
2e -videnta. (Mai mult ca sigur). 1n unele ca!uri civile si in procedurile #uvenile, cum ar fi terminarea permanenta a drepturilor
parintesti, se aplica un standard intermediary, dovada prin -videnta Clara si Convingatoare.

STANDING * he legal right to bring a lawsuit. :nly a person with something at stake has the right to
bring a lawsuit.

(****) * 2reptul legal de a deschide un proces. <umai atunci cand cineva este in masura are dreptul sa deschida un proces.

STARE DECISIS * he doctrine that courts will follow principles of law established in previous cases.
4imilar to 6R-C-2-<.

(****) * 2octrina ca tribunalele vor urma principii de lege stabilite in ca!uri anterioare. 4imilar cu 6recedent.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

STATEMENT, C#OSING * he final statements by the attorneys to the #ury or court summari!ing the evidence that they have
established and the evidence that the other side has failed to establish. +lso known
as C':41</ +R/M-<.

DEC#ARATIE DE INC'EIERE - 2eclaratiile finale facute de avocati catre #uriu sau tribunal revi!uind evident ape care au stabilit*
o si evidenta pe care partea opusa nu a putut*o stabili. 2e asemeni cunoscut
drept +rgument 2e 1ncheiere.

STATEMENT, OPENING * :utline or summary of the nature of the case and of the anticipated proof
presented by the attorney to the #ury before any evidence is submitted. +lso known as :6-<1</ +R/M-<.

DEC#ARATIE
ca evidenta sa fieDE in considerare. - 4ublinierea sau re!umatul naturii ca!ului si a dove!ii pre!entate de catre avocat #uriului inainte
DESC'IDERE
luata
2e asemeni cunoscuta drept +rgument 2e 2eschidere.

STATEMENT OF FACT - +ny written or oral declaration of facts in a case.

DEC#ARATIE DE FAPT - :rice declaratie scrisa sau orala a faptelor intr*un ca!.

STATUS OFFENDERS * Oouths charged with being beyond the control of their legal guardian or who
are habitually disobedient, truant from school, or have committed other acts that would not be a crime if committed by an adult. hey
are not delinquents, but are persons in need of supervision, minors in need of supervision, or children in need of supervision,
depending on the state in which they live. 4tatus offenders
are placed under the supervision of the #uvenile court. (4ee 6-R4:< 1< <--2 :" 46-R3141:<.)

(****) * ineri acu!ati ca sunt iesiti de sub controlul tutorelui legal sau care sunt de obicei neascultatori si care chiulesc de la scoala,
sau care au comis alte acte care nu sunt considerate infractiuni atunci cand sunt
comise de un adult. -i nu sunt considerati delincventi ci persoane, minori sau copil, care au nevoie de supraveghere, depin!ind de

statul in care#uvenil.
tribunalului locuiesc. 74tatus
(3e!i :fenders8
6ersoana sunt<evoie
Care +re plasati 2e
sub4upraveghere).
supravegherea

STATUTE * + law passed by Congress or a state legislature.

STATUT - : lege data de Congres sau o legislatura de stat.

STATUTE OF #IMITATIONS * + law that says how much time you have to file a lawsuit after
something happens.

STATUT DE #IMITARI - : lege care stabileste timpul acordat pentru deschiderea unui proces dupa ce s eintampla ceva.

STATUTOR" - Relating to a statute created, defined, or required by a statute.

STATUTAR - Care se refera la un statut creat, definit, sau cerut de un statut.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

STATUTOR" ACTIONS  +ctions relating or conforming to, or created, defined, or required by a statute.

ACTIUNI STATUTARE - +ctiuni care se refera sau sunt in conformitate cu, create, definite, sau cerute
de un staatut.

STATUTOR" CONSTRUCTION * 6rocess by which a court seeks to interpret the meaning and scope of
legislation.

(****) * 6roces prin care tribunalul cauta sa interprete!e insemnatatea si scopul unei legislatii.

STATUTOR" #A% * 'aw enacted by the legislative branch of government, as distinguished from C+4-
'+% or C:MM:< '+%.

#EGE STATUTARA - 'ege stabilita de ramura legislative a guvernului care se deosebeste de 'egea
Ca!ului sau de 'egea Comuna.

STATUTOR" RAPE * he unlawful se&ual intercourse with a person under an age set by statute,
regardless of whether they consent to the act.

IO# STATUTAR - Contactul se&ual ilegal cu o persoana sub virsta stabilita prin statut indifferent daca
ea consimte.

STA" * he act of stopping a #udicial proceeding by order of the court.

OPRIRE - +ctul de oprire a procedurilor #uridiciare prin ordinul tribunalului.

STA" OF E)ECUTION * +n order that prevents the e&ecution of an action, e.g. the serving of a
sentence. he stay may be granted on a motion by the defendant, or it may be ordered in accordance with statutory law, e.g. Calif.
6enal Code 4ection @?=.

OPRIREA E)ECUTARII - :rdinul care impiedica e&ecutarea unei actiuni, de e&emplu servirea unei sentinte. :prirea poate
sa fie acordata pe ba!a unei motiuni a reclamatului sau poate sa fie ceruta in de acord cu legea statutara, de e&emplu 4ectiunea
@?= a Codului 6enal al Californiei.

STIPU#ATE * o agree to something.

A STIPU#A - + cadea de acord cu ceva.

STRICT #IABI#IT" * + concept applied by courts in product liability cases in which a seller is
responsible for any and all defective or ha!ardous products which unduly threaten a consumer5s personal safety.

RESPONSABI#ITATE STRICTA - Conceptul aplicat de tribunale in ca!urile de responsabilitate de produs, in care

van!atorul este responsabil pentru orice produse defectu oase sau ha!arduase care pot sa ameninte siguranta personala a
consumatorului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

STRIC$EN EIDENCE – -vidence that has been removed from the record.

EIDENTA RADIATA - -ste evidenta care a fost eliminate din dosar.

STRI$E * (9) to delete or remove. (0) o dismiss an allegation before sentencing. (;) + serious violent felony prior conviction that
is charged as a prior allegation, e.g. a second strike, or third strike.

(****) * 9. + sterge sau a elimina 0. + anula o declaratie inain te de darea sentinte i ;. n delict violent, serios inain te de
condamnare, care este considerate ca o declaratie cu precedent, de e&emplu prima sau a doua lovitura.

SUA SPONTE
'atin * sed
meaning >of one5s to describe
own will.> when a #udge does something without being asked to by either party.

(****) * "olosit pentru a descrie ce se intimpla atunci cind un #udecator face ceva fara 1 se ceara de catre nici una dintre parti.
1nsemnatatea latina este 7prin vointa proprie.8

SUB CURIA * 'atin meaning >under the law> the holding of a case by a court under consideration,
sometimes to await the filing of a document, such as a presentence investigation report or memorandum of law, or to write an opinion.

(****) * 1n latina inseamna 7sub lege8 aminarea unui proces care este luat de#a in considerare, uneori pentru
a astepta inregistrarea unui document, cum ar fi pre!entarea unui raport de investigare sau a unui memorandum de lege, sau
a scrie o opinie.

SUBMIT * o yield to the will of another.

A SUPUNE - + ceda vointei altuia.

SUBPOENA * +n official order to go to court at a certain time. 4ubpoenas are commonly used to tell
witnesses to come to court to testify in a trial.

CITATIE - n ordin oficial ca cineva sa se pre!inte la tribunal la o data anume. Citaiile sunt folosite in general pentru a*1 anunta
pe martori sa vina la tribunal sa marturiseasca in proces.

SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM * + court order to bring papers or records to court at a certain time.

(****) * n ordin al tribunalului de a aduce documente sau dosare la tribunal la o anumita data.

SUBROGATION - o substitute one person for another in a legal claim.

INSTA#ARE - + substitui o pesoana cu o alta intr*un proces legal.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SUBSTANTIA# PERFORMANCE – %here a party has honestly and faithfully performed the essential and material portions of the
contract and the only non*performance consists of technical or unimportant provisions.

PERFORMANTA SUBSTANTIA#A - Cind o parte a indeplinit in mod cinstit si cu credinciosie partile materiale esentiale ale unui
contract si singura non*performanta consta in detalii tehnice lipsite de importanta.

SUBSTANTIE #A% * he law dealing with rights, duties, and liabilities, as contrasted with
6R:C-2R+' '+%, which governs the technical aspects of enforcing civil or criminal laws.

(****) * 'egea care se ocupa cu drepturi, indatoriri si responsabilitati in contrast cu 'egea 2e 6rocedura care guvernea!a aspectele
tehnice de impunere a legilor civile si infractionale.

SUCCESSION - he acquisition of title to the property of one who dies without disposing of it by will.

SUCCESIUNE - +chi!itionarea titlului de proprietate al proprietatii cuiva care a murit fara sa lase proprietatea prin testament.

SUE * o commence legal proceedings for recovery of a right.

A DA IN JUDECATA - + initia proceduri legale pentru recuperarea unui drept.

SUIT * +ny proceeding by one person or persons against another in a court of law.

DARE IN JUDECATA - :rice procedura facuta de o persoana impotriva altei persoane la tribunal.

SUMMAR" JUDGMENT * %hen the #udge decides a case without going to trial. he decision is based
on the papers filed by both sides.

(****) * Cind #udecatorul hotaraste un ca! fara #udecata. Dotarireaeste ba!ata pe documentele pre!entate de amindoua partile.

SUMMONS * (9) + notice to a defendant that he or she has been sued or charged with a crime and is
required to appear in court. (0) + #ury summons requires the person receiving it to report for possible #ury duty.

SOMATIE - 9. : nota pentru reclamat ca a fost dat in #udecata si este acu!at de o infractiune, si ca 1 se cere sa apara la un
tribunal 0. : somatie a #uriului cere persoanei care o primeste sa se pre!inte pentru a face parte din #uriu.

SUPERSEDEAS * + writ issued by an appellate court to preserve the status quo pending review of a
#udgment, or pending other e&ercise of its #urisdiction.

(****) * n document eliberat de o curte apelata pentru a prote#a revi!uirea in curs a status quo*ului unei #udecati, sau in curs de
e&ercitare a #urisdictiei.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

SUPPORT TRUST * + trust that instructs the trustee to spend only as much income and principal (the assets held in the trust) as
needed for the beneficiary5s support.

(****) * utela care instruieste pe tutelar sa cheltuiasca doar cit este necesar pentru intretinerea beneficiarului.

SUPPRESS * o stop or put an end to someone5s activities. 4ee also -C'41:<+RO R'- .

A SUPRIMA - + opri sau sfirsi activitatile cuiva. 3e!i de asemenea -&clusionary Rule.

SUPPRESSION 'EARING * + hearing on a criminal defendant5s motion to prohibit the prosecutor5s use

of
of evidence alleged
the presence to #ury,
of the have either
been obtained inatviolation
prior to or of#udge
trial. he the defendant5s rights.
must rule as hisof
a matter hearing
law onisthe
held outside
motion.

JUDECATA DE SUPRIMARE - $udecarea unei motiuni infractionale a acu!atului pentru a inter!ice ca acu!area sa foloseasca
evidenta care se presupune ca a fost obtinuta prin violarea drepturilor acu!atului. +ceasta #udecata este tinuta fara pre!enta #uriului
inainte sau in timpul procesului. $udecatorul trebuie sa ia deci!ia in conformitate cu legea.

SURET" BOND * +n insurance policy taken out by a defendant with a national insurance company in
which the insurer agrees to pay the court the amount of bail required for the defendant5s release if the defendant fails to come to
court when he or she is supposed to. :ften called a fidelity bond.

(****) * : polita de asigurare facuta de un acu!at cu o companie nationala de asigurare, in care compania este de acord sa plateasca
suma necesara pentru cautiunea ceruta pentru eliberarea acu!atului daca acesta
nu se pre!inta la tribunal la data stabilita. -ste numita adesea +sigurare de "idelitate.

SURIORS'IP * +nother name for $:1< -<+<CO .

SUPRAIETUIRE - n alt nume pentru posesiune comuna.

SUSPEND - o postpone, stay, or withhold certain conditions of a #udicial sentence for a temporary period
of time.

A SUSPENDA - + amina, a opri sau a retine anumite conditii ale unei sentinte #udiciare pentru o anumita perioada de timp.

SUSTAIN * o maintain, to affirm, to approve.

A SUSTINE - + mentine, a afirma, a aproba.

S%EAR * o put to oath and declare as truth.

A JURA - + pune sub #uramint si a declara ca adevar.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9;

TANGIB#E * Capable of being perceived, especially by the sense of touch.

TANGIBI# - +ct de a fi perceput in special prin simtul tactil.

TANGIB#E PERSONA# PROPERT" MEMORANDUM (TPPM * + legal document referred to in a

will and used to guide the distribution of personal property that you can move or touch. "or e&ample, furniture, computers,
#ewelry, and artwork.

(****) * n document legal la care se face referire intr*un testament si este folosit pentru a diri#a distribuirea proprietatii personale
care poate fi mutata sau atinsa. 2e e&emplu mobile, computere, bi#uterii si lucrari de arta.

TA)ATION OF COSTS - he process of ascertaining and charging up the amount of costs in an action to
which a party is legally entitled, or which are legally chargeable. +d#ustment fi&ing the amount.

IMPO!IT - 6rocesul de aprobare si aplicare a unui cost intr*o actiune la care o parte este indreptatita legal
iar costul se aplica legal. +#ustarea, stabilirea sumei.

TEMPORAR" RE#IEF * +ny form of action by a court granting one of the parties an order to protect its
interest pending further action by the court.

E#IBERARE TEMPORARA - :rice forma de actiune luata de un tribunal pentru a garanta uneia dintra parti ordin de protectie a
intereselor sale intr*o actiune in curs de re!olvare la tribunal.

TEMPORAR" RESTRAINING ORDER (TRO* + court order that says a person must not do certain
things that are likely to cause harm that can5t be fi&ed.

ORDIN TEMPORAR DE RESTRICTIE - n ordin al tribunalului crae spune ca o persoana nu poate sa faca anumite lucruri care

mai mult ca sigur ar cau!a o vatamare care nu poate fi reparata.

TESTAMENT * + will disposing of personal property. (4ee %1''.)

(****) * : mostenire de proprietate personala. 3e!i de asemenea Mostenire.

TESTAMENTAR" CAPACIT" * he legal ability to make a will. o write a will, a person has to be at
least 9B years old know what property he or she owns and know who he or wants to give the property to.

CAPACITATEA TESTAMENTARA - +bilitatea legala de a face un testament. 6entru a scrie un

testament o persoana trebuie sa aiba cel putin 9B ani, sa cunoasca proprietatea pe care o poseda sis a stie cui doreste sa ii dea
proprietatea.

TESTAMENTAR" DISPOSITION - + disposition of property by way of gift, which is not to take effect
unless the grantor does or until that event.

DISPO!ITIA TESTAMENTARA - 2ispunerea unei proprietati ca si dar care nu intra in efect decit daca testatarul moare sau pina la
acel eveniment.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

TESTAMENTAR" GUARDIAN - + guardian appointed by the last will of a father for the person and real and personal estate of
his child until the child reaches full age.

TUTE#A TESTAMENTARA - : tutela create inttr*un testament. utela nu e&ista pina cand moare persoana.

TESTAMENTAR" TRUSTEE - + person appointed to carry out a trust created by a will.

TUTE#AR TESTAMENTAR - : persoana desemnata sa intre in posesia unei tutele create de un testament.

TESTATE * :ne who has died leaving a will or one who has made a will.

TESTATAR - Cineva care a murit lasind un testament sau care a facut un testament.

TESTATOR * Male person who makes a will (femaleN testatrix).

TESTATAR - 6ersoana masculina care a facut un testament.

TESTATRI) * "emale person who makes a will (maleN testator).

TESTATARA - 6ersoana feminina care a facut un testament.

TESTIF" * o give evidence under oath as a witness in a court proceeding.

A MARTURISI - + adduce evidenta sub #uramint ca martor in proceduri #udecatoresti.

TESTIMON" * :ral evidence at a trial or deposition.

MARTURIE - -videnta orala laun proces sau depo!itie.

T'EFT * he act of stealing or the taking of property without the owner5s consent.

'OTIE - +ctiunea de a fura, sau a lua proprietatea cuiva fara consimtamintul proprietarului.

T'IRD-PART" * + person, business, or government agency not actively involved in a legal proceeding,
agreement, or transaction.

PARTEA TERTA - : persoana, o afacere, sau o agentie de govern care nu sunt implicate in mod activ in procedura legala,
intelegere sau in tran!actie.

T'IRD-PART" C#AIM * +n action by the defendant that brings a third party into a lawsuit.

PROCES CU O TERTA PARTE - +ctiunea luata de un acu!at care adduce o a treia parte intr*un proces.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

T'REE STRI$ES #A%  'aw that sub#ects person convicted of felony who has two or more prior serious or violent felonies
to a life term in prison.

(****) * 'egea care supune o persoana la inchisoare pe viata condamnata de un delict si care are doua sau mai multe delicate serioase
sau violente.

TIME SERED * + sentence given by the court to a convicted criminal equal to the amount of time that
the criminal was incarcerated during the trial.

TIMP SERIT - : sentinta data de catre tribunal unui criminal condamnat, egala cu durata de timp in care criminalul a fost incarcerat.

TIME %AIER * %hen you give up the right to have a certain phase of the legal process take place
within the normally specified amount of time.

(***) * Cind renunti la dreptul de a avea o anumita fa!a a procesului legal care are loc in timpul normal specificat.

TIT#E * :wnership or evidence of ownership of land or other property.

TIT#U - 6osesiunea sau dovada de posesiune a unui pamint sau alte proprietati.

TORT * %hen a person is hurt because someone did not do what he or she was supposed to do. he most
common tort action is a suit for damages as a result of an automobile accident. 4ee - 2-'1C:.

PREJUDICIU - Cind o persoana este ranita pentru ca cineva a negli#at sa faca ceea ce trebuia. Cel mai obisnuit pre#udiciu este
darea in #udecata pentru pagube care au re!ultat din cau!a unui accident de automobil.

TORTURE – o inflict intense pain to body or mind for purposes of punishment, or to e&tract a confession
or information, or for sadistic pleasure.

TORTURA - + cau!a durere intense trupului sau mintii cu scopul de a e&trage o informatie, sau pentru o placere sadica.

TRANSACTIONA# MA#PRACTICE – 6rofessional misconduct, unreasonable lack of skill in

professional duties, or illegal or immoral conduct in regards to an act of transacting or conducting any business.

(****) * Conduita profesionala inacceptabila, lipsa de profesionali!m nere!onabila in datoriile de serviciu sau conduita ilegala sau
imorala raportata la un act de conducerea unei afaceri.

TRANSCRIPT * + record of everything that is said in a hearing or trial.

(****) * n document care cuprinde tot ceea ce se spune intr*o #udecata sau proces.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

TRANSFERRED INTENT  2octrine under which srcinal malice is transferred from one against whom
it was entertained to person who actually suffers consequence of unlawful act. %hen one attempts to kill a certain person, but by
mistake or inadvertence kills a different person, the crime, if any, so committed is the same as though the person srcinally intended
to be killed, had been killed.

(****) * 2octrina prin care rautatea srcinala este transferata de la cel care a intretinut intentia de rautate, la persoana care de fapt
sufera consecintele actului ilegal. Cind cineva incearca sa omoare o anumita
persoana, dar din greseala, sau inadvertenta, omoara o alta persoana, crima daca are loc, comisa astfel, este
la fel ca si cum persoana initiala ar fi fost omorita.

TRANSITOR" * +ctions that might have taken place anywhere.

TRAN!ITORIU - +ctiuni care ar fi putut avealoc oriunde.

TRAERSE  1n common law pleading, a denial. %here a defendant denies any material allegation of
fact in the plaintiffFs declaration.

A NEGA - : negare in pledoaria legii commune. Cind un acu!at neaga orice pretentie materiala asupra faptului din declaratia
reclamantului.

TRESPASSING * nlawful interference with one5s person, property and rights.

INCA#CARE - 1nterferenta ilegala cu persoana, proprietatea, sau drepturile cuiva.

TRIA# * + court process in which the issues of fact and law are heard and decided according to legal
procedures so a #udicial officer or #ury can make a decision.

PROCES - n proces #udecatoresc in care problemele de fapt si de lege sunt audiate si decise in de acord
cu procedurile legale, astfel ca un ofiter #udiciar sau un #uriu sa poata lua o dci!ie.

TRIA# DE NOO * + new trial or retrial held in an appellate court in which the whole case is heard as if
no trial had been heard in the lower court or administrative agency.

(****) * n nou proces sau re#udecare tinuta intr*o curte apelata in care intregul ca! este audiat ca si cum #udecata nu s*ar fi tinut
inttr*un tribunal inferior sau intr*o agentie administrativa.

TRIA# COURT * he first court to consider a case, generally the superior court. Compare +66-''+-
C:R).

TRIBUNA# JUDECATORESC - 6rimul tribunal care ia in considerare un ca!, in general curte superioara. Compara cu
Curtea +pelata.

TRIA#, COURT (BENC' * + trial where the #ury is waived and the case is seen before the #udge alone.

TRIBUNA# JUDECATORESC (BANCA - n proces fara #uriu, iar ca!ul este adus in fata #udecatorului.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

TRIA#, SPEED" * he 4i&th +mendment of the Constitution guarantees the accused to an immediate trial in accordance with
prevailing rules, regulations and proceedings of law.

JUDECATA RAPIDA - +mendamentul @ din Constitutie garantea!a ca acu!atul sa aiba o #udecata imediata in de acord cu
regulile, regulamentele, legile si procedurile legale dominante.

TRIA# STATUSSETTING CONFERENCE * 4ee 6R-R1+' 4-<-<C-.

(****) * 3e!i 6retrial 4entence.

make finding of factrather

TRIER OF FACT erm includes the #ury or the #udge in a #ury*waived trial, who have the obligation to
than rulings of law.

(****) * ermenul include #uriul si #udecatorul intr*un proces fara #uriu, care au obligatia sa stabileasca faptele mai degraba decit
sa ia deci!ia legala.

TRO  4ee -M6:R+RO R-4R+1<1</ :R2-R.

3e!i :rdin 2e Restrictie emporar.

TROMBETTA MOTION - + motion to suppress evidence for failure to preserve the same.

MOTIUNEA TROMBETTA - : motiune de a suprima evidenta in ca!ul in care aceasta nu poate fi re!ervata.

TRUE BI##  he endorsement made by a grand #ury on a bill of indictment when it finds sufficient
evidence for trial on the charge alleged.

(****) * 1mputernicirea facuta de marele #uriu intr*un rechi!itoriu cind gaseste evidenta suficienta pentru #udecare pe ba!a acu!atiei
aduse.

TRUE FINDING – he #uvenile court equivalent of a guilty verdict.

(****) * ribunalul #uvenil echivalent cu verdictul de vinovatie.

TRUE TEST COP"  + copy of a court document given under the clerkFs seal, but not certified.

(****) * n document legal dat cu sigiliul functionarului dar care nu este autori!at.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

TRUST  + legal device used to manage real or personal property, established by one person (the
R!N"#R or $E""%#R) for the benefit of another (the &ENE'((!R*). + third person + the "R$"EE)
or the grantor manages the trust. 1n raffic  rust is an account into which bail is posted to insure appearance or compliance
until the case is settled.

TUTE#A - n instrument legal folosit pentru administrarea proprietatii personale sau imobiliare stabilite
de o persoana in folosul cuiva (beneficiarul). : a treia persoana (tutelarul) sau initiatorul, administrea!a tutela. 1n rafic tutela este
un cont in care este inregistrata cautiunea pentru a asigura aparitia sau consimtamintul pina cind ca!ul este re!olvat.

TRUST AGREEMENT OR DEC#ARATION  he legal document that sets up a trust.

INTE#EGERE ASUPRA TUTE#EI SAU DEC#ARATIE - n document legal prin care se stabileste o tutela.

TRUSTEE  he person or institution that manages the property put in trust.

MARTOR RENEGAT - n martor a carui marturie se asteapta a fi favorabila, dar in final se dovedeste a
fi un martor adversar.

UNCONSCIONABI#IT"  +n absence of meaningful choice on the part of one of the parties to a contract, and contract
terms which are unreasonably favorable to the other party.

NECUNOSTINTA DE CAU!A - 'ipsa semnificativa de optiune din partea uneia dintre parti a contractului, si termini ai
contractului care sunt nere!onabil favorabili celeilalte parti.

UNCONSTITUTIONA# * hat which is contrary to or in conflict with the federal or state constitutions.

NECONSTITUTIONA# - Ceea ce este contrariu sau in conflict cu constitutia federala sau de stat.

UNDERCOER * + person participating in a secret investigation in order to acquire information about the
crime without the other party reali!ing their identity.

SUB ACOPERIRE - : persoana care participa la o investigatie secreta cu scopul de a obtine o informatie asupra unei infractiuni fara
ca cealalta parte sa*i cunoasca adevarata identitate.

UNDERTA$ING - + promise given during legal proceedings by a party or his attorney, usually as a
condition of getting some concession from the court or third party.

(****) * : promisiune data in timpul unei proceduri legale unei parti de catre avocatul sau, in general ca si o conditie a obtinerii unei
concesii de la tribunal sau de la o a treia parte.

UNDUE INF#UENCE * %hen someone pressures the person making a will (called testator) to include or
leave out people or things from his or her will. his can be a reason to challenge a will.

INF#UENTA NEPOTRIITA - Cind cineva oliga o persoana care face testamentul (testatar) sa include sau sa e&cluda oameni sau
lucruri din testamentul sau. +cesta poate fi un motiv pentru a testa un testament.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

UNDER T'E INF#UENCE – +ny abnormal mental or physical condition which is the result of indulging
in any degree in into&icating liquors, and which tends to deprive one of that clearness of intellect and control of himself which he
would otherwise possess.

SUB INF#UENTA - :rice conditie anormala mentala sau fi!ica care este re!ultatul consumului de bauturi into&icante si care tinde sa
sa prive!e abilitatea de a gindi clar si de a se controla, pe care o persoana ar
poseda*o in mod normal.

UNEMP#O"MENT * 4tate or condition of not being employed.

SOMAJ - 4tarea sau conditia de a nu fi anga#at.

UNI#ATERA# * :ne*sided, or having a relation to only one of two or more persons or things.

(****) * 6artinitor sau care are relatie cu o singura persoana sau lucru, dintre doua sau mai multe.

UNJUST ENRIC'MENT, DOCTRINE OF * he principle that one person should not be permitted to
un#ustly enrich himself at the e&pense of another, but should be required to make restitution for the property or benefit
received.

DOCTRINA IMBOGATIRII NEDREPTE - 6rincipiul ca unei persoane nu ar trebui sa 1 se permita sa se imbogateasca nedrept, pe
spatele cuiva, dar ar trebui sa 1 se ceara sa restituie proprietatea sau beneficiul
primit.

UN#A%FU# ASSEMB#" – +t common law, the meeting together of three or more persons, to the
disturbance of the public peace, and with the intention of forcible and violent e&ecution of some unlawful private enterprise.

ADUNARE I#EGA#A - 1n legea comuna, intilnirea dintre trei sau mai multe persoane, care perturba pacea publica si cu intentia
de a intreprinde ceva privat ilegal cu forta, in mod violent.

UN#A%FU# DETAINER * he eviction papers (4ummons and Complaint) that a landlord gives a tenant.

DETINATOR I#EGA# - 2ocumentele de evacuare pe care un proprietar le da chiriasului.

UNRU' CII# RIG'TS ACT – his law provides protection from discrimination by all business
establishments in California, including housing and public accommodations, because of age, ancestry, color, disability, national
srcin, race, religion, se&, or se&ual orientation.

(****) * +ceasta lege asigura protectia impotriva discriminarii de catre toate intreprinderile din California, inclu!ind acomodari publice
si private, datorita virstei, obirsiei, culorii, debilitatii, srcinii nationale, rasei, religiei, se&ului, sau orientarii se&uale.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

UNSECURED * 1n bankruptcy proceedings, for the purposes of filing a claim, a claim is unsecured if there
is no collateral, or to the e&tent the value of collateral is less than the amount of the debt.

FARA GARANTIE - 1n procedurile de faliment pentru scopul deschiderii unui proces, ca!ul este fara garantie daca nu e&ista garantie
suplementara, sau in masura in care valoarea asigurarii colaterale este mai mica decit valoarea sumei.

USUR" * Charging a higher interest rate or higher fees than the law allows.

(****) * 6retentia unei rate de dobinda mai mare sau amen!i mai mari decit prevede legea.

UTTER ** o use or to attempt to use a check, draft, or order to either (9) assert that it is genuine, or (0)
represent to another person that it is genuine.

A PUNE IN CIRCU#ATIE - + folosi sau a incerca sa folosesti un cec, schita, sau ordin fie de a confirma
ca ceva este adevarat, fie de a pere!enta unei alte persoane ca este adevarat.

ACATE  o render an act void to set aside.

A EACUA - + anula un act. + pune de o parte.

AGRANC"  he state or manner of living by wandering from place to place without a home, #ob, or
means of support.

AGABONDAJ - 4tarea sau obisnuinta de a rataci de la un loc la altul fara o casa, serviciu, sau alte mi#loace de intretinere.

ANDA#ISM  %illful or malicious acts that are intended to damage or destroy public or private
property.
ANDA#I!M - +cte rautacioase si voite prin care se intentionea!a vatamarea si distrugerea proprietatii publice sau private.

E'ICU#AR 'OMICIDE – Caused by the illegal operation of a motor vehicle. Hoth intentional
conduct and negligence maybe the basis for such charge though statutes vary from state to state as to the elements of the crime.

UCIDERE CU E'ICO#U# - Cau!at de operearea ilegala a unui autovehicol. +tit conduita cit si negli#enta intentionata pot fi
considerate ba!a pentru asemenea acu!atie cu toate ca statutele se deosebesc
de la stat la stat in ce priveste elementele infractiunii.

ENIRE * 2escribes the whole group of people called for #ury duty from which the #urors are selected.
'atin meaning >to come.>

(****) * 2escrie intregul grup de oameni invitat pentru a face parte din #uriu si din care sunt selectati #uratii.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

ENUE  he court where you can file your action.

JURISDICTIE - ribunalul unde se deschide o actiune.

ERDICT  + #ury5s or a #udge5s final decision.

(****) * 2eci!ia finala a unui #uriu sau #udecator.

ERIFICATION - +n oral or written statement, usually made under oath, saying that something is true.

CONFIRMARE - : declaratie orala sau scrisa facuta de obicei sub #uramint spunind ca ceva este adevarat.

E)ATIOUS #ITIGANT - + person shown to repeatedly file legal actions that have little or no merit.

SICANATOR - : persoana care deschide actiuni legale repetate care au putina sau nu au nici o ba!a .

ICARIOUS RESPONSIBI#IT" – +cting or serving in place of someone or something else.

RESPONSABI#ITATE DE SUBSTITUTIE - + actiona sau a servi in locul altuia sau pentru ceva.

ICTIM  + person who is the ob#ect of a crime or civil wrongdoing.

ICTIMA - : persoana care este obiectul unei infractiuni sau al unui rau civil.

ICTIM IMPACT STATEMENT  + statement during sentencing which informs the #udge of the
impact of the crime on the victim or the victimFs family.
DEC#ARATIA CU IMPACT ASUPRA ICTIMEI - 2eclaratia din timpul sentintei care il informea!a
pe #udecator despre impactul infractiunii asupra victimei sau familiei victimei.

IO#ATION  + breach of a right, duty, or law.

IO#ARE - 1ncalcarea dreptului datoriei sau legii.

IO#ATION OF PROBATION * + new allegation against a defendant for non*compliance with a

previous probation condition related to a criminal sentence.

IO#AREA PROBARII - : noua alegatie impotriva reclamatului pentru ca nu s*a conformat cu conditia unei probari anterioare
legate de o sentinta infractionala.

ISITATION  imes when the parent who does not have custody is with the children and is responsible
for them.

I!ITARE - 6erioadele de timp cind parintele care nu are custodia se afla impreuna cu copiii si este responsabil pentru ei.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

8OIR DIRE+ - he process of questioning potential #urors to choose the people who will decide a case.
'atin meaning >to speak the truth.>

(****) * 6rocesul chestionarii potentialilor #urati pentru a alege persoanele care vor decide ca!ul. 1n 'atina inseamna 7a spune
adevarul.8

O#UNTAR" ARRAIGNMENT #ETTER - + notice sent by the 2istrict +ttorney to a defendant

indicating date, time and department for appearance in court on newly filed charges for which there is no signed promise to appear.

SCRISOARE O#UNTARA DE DARE IN JUDECATA - : nota trimisa de avocatul de district unui reclamat indicind data, ora
si departamentul unde trebuie sa apara la tribunal pentru acu!atiil nou aduse pentru care nu e&ista nici o promisiune de aparitie.

O#UNTAR" MANS#AUG'TER - Committed voluntarily during a heated moment for e&ample,

during a sudden quarrel, two persons fight, and one of them kills the other.

UCIDERE O#UNTARA - Comisa voluntary in timpul unui moment de incal!ire de e&. 1n timpul unei certe instantanee, doua
persoane se bat si una o ucide pe cealalta.

O#UNTAR" UNDERTA$INGS - +n act unconstrained by interference spontaneous or of oneself.

ACTIUNI O#UNTARE - n act care nu este constrins prin interferenta spontan de sine.

%AIE (RIG'TS - o give up a legal right voluntarily, intentionally, and with full knowledge of the
consequences.

RENUNTARE (A DREPTURI#OR - + renunta la un drept in mod voluntar, intentionat si cu deplina cunostinta a consecintelor.

%AIER AND ESTOPPE# - 3oluntary surrender of some known right, benefit, or advantage.

E!ITARE SI E)C#UDERE - 4upunerea voluntara a unui drept cunoscut, beneficiu sau avanta#.

%AIER OF IMMUNIT" - + means authori!ed by statute by which a witness, before testifying or

producing evidence, may relinquish the right to refuse to testify against himself or herself, making it possible for his or her
testimony to be used against him or her in future proceedings.

RENUNTAREA #A IMUNITATE - Metoda autori!ata prin statut prin care un martor, inainte de marturisire sau de producerea
evidentei, poate sa renunte la dreptul de a refu!a sa marturiseasca impotriva
sa insasi, facind ca marturia sa sa fie folosita impotriva sa in procedurile viitoare.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9=

%ARD - + minor who is under the care and control of the court instead of the parents.

TUTE#A - n minor care este sub ingri#irea si controlul tribunalului in loc de cel al parintilor.

%ARD OF T'E COURT * + person under the age of 9B when heshe violates a criminal law or
ordinance. he minor is under the care and supervision of the court.

TUTE#A TRIBUNA#U#UI - 6ersoana sub virsta de 9B ani cind violea!a o lege infractionala sau ordonanta. Minorul este
sub gri#a si supravegherea tribunalului.

%ARRANT - + court order telling an officer to do something.

MANDAT - n ordin al tribunalului spunind unui oiter sa faca ceva.

%ARRANT, ARREST - Commands a peace officer to arrest and bring before the court the person
accused of an offense for purpose of commencing legal action.

MANDAT DE AREST - 1i ordona unui ofiter sa areste!e si sa aduca inaintea tribunalului o persoana acu!ata de un delict in
scopul inceperii actiunii legale.

%ARRANT, SEARC' - + written order directing a law enforcement officer to conduct a search of a
specified place and to sei!e any evidence directly related to the criminal offense.

MANDAT DE CERCETARE - n ordin scris cerind ofiterului legii sa conduca o anumita cercetare a unui loc anume sis a adune
orice evidenta direct legata de delictul infractional.

%EAPON - +n instrument used or designed to be used to threaten, in#ure or kill someone.

ARMA - n instrument folosit sau desemnat sa fie folosi pentru a ameninta, vatama, sau a omori pe cineva.

%EAPON, CONCEA#ED - + weapon that is carried by a person, but that is not visible by ordinary
observation.

ARMA ASCUNSA - : arma detinuta de o persoana care nu este vi!ibila sau la vedere.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?

%EAPON, DEAD#" - + weapon, device, instrument, material or substance, whether animate or inanimate, which if used as it is
used or intended to be used is known to be capable of producing death or serious bodily in#ury.

ARMA FATA#A - : arma, un aparat, instrument, material sau substanta, fie animate sau neanimata, care daca este folosita sau se
intentionea!a sa fie folosita, se stie ca este capabila de a produce moartea sau vatamarea serioasa trupeasca.

%EIG'T OF T'E EIDENCE - he persuasiveness of certain evidence when compared with other
evidence that is presented.

GREUTATEA EIDENTEI - 6uterea de convingere a unei anumite evidente cind este comparata cu alta evidente pre!entate.

%'EE#ER MOTION - + motion to dismiss a #ury panel due to the prosecutionFs e&clusion of a
particular class of people (i.e. black #urors, women, etc.).

(****) * : motiune de a di!olva lista #uratilor datorita e&cluderii de catre acu!are, a unei clase de oameni in particular (#urati negri,
femei, etc.).

%I## - + legal paper that says what a person wants to happen to his or her personal property after the
person dies. + will can be changed or cancelled at any time before a person dies. (4ee -4+M-<.)

TESTAMENT - n document legal care spune ce vrea o persoana sa se intimple cu proprietatea

personala dupa moarte. n testament poate sa fie schimbat sau anulat oricind inainte de moartea persoanei. (3e!i estament).

%I##FU# - + 7willful8 act is one done intentionally, as distinguished from an act done carelessly or
inadvertently.

OIT - n act 7voit8 este unul facut intentionat si se deosebeste deun act facut din negli#enta sau inadvertenta.

%IT' PREJUDICE - +pplied to orders of #udgment dismissing a case, meaning that the plaintiff is
forever barred from bringing a lawsuit on the same claim or cause.

CU PREJUDICIU - +plicate la ordinele de #udecata care di!olva un ca!, isemnind ca reclamantului 1 se inter!ice sa mai deschida
vreun proces ba!at pe aceiasi plingere sau cau!a.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?

%IT'OUT PREJUDICE - %hen rights or privileges are not waived or lost. 1f your case is dismissed without pre#udice it means
that there can be a new case about the same thing.

FARA PREJUDICIU - Cind nu se renunta la drepturi sau la privilegii si acestea nu sunt pierdute. Cind procesul tau este di!olvat
fara pre#udiciu inseamna ca poate sa e&iste un alt ca! referitor la acelasi lucru.

%ITNESS - 9. + person called testify about what he or she saw, heard, or knows. 0. o sign your name
to a document for the purpose of authenticity.

MARTOR - 9) : persoana chemata sa depuna marturie despre ceea ce a va!ut, au!it, sau cunoaste. 0) +

semna numele pe un document cu scopul de autenticitate.

%ITNESS STAND - he space in the courtroom occupied by a witness while testifying.

BO)A MARTORU#UI - 4patiul din sala de #udecata ocupat de un martor in timpul depunerii marturiei.

%ITNESS, DEFENSE - + non*hostile witness that is called by the defense counsel to assist in proving
the defenseFs case.

MARTORU# APARARII - n martor neostil care este chemat de catre avocatul apararii ca sa a#ute la dovedirea ca!ului apararii.

%ITNESS, E)PERT - Qualified by knowledge, skill, e&perience, training or education to provide a

scientific, technical or speciali!ed opinion of the sub#ect about which he or she is to testify. hat knowledge must not be generally
possessed by the average person.

MARTOR E)PERT - Calificat prin cunostinta, aptitudine, e&perienta, instruire si educatie de a oferi o opinie stiintifica, tehnica
sau speciali!ata legata de subiectul despre care va trebui s marturiseasca. +ceasta cunostinta nu trebuie sa fie posedata in general de
o persoana obisnuita.

%ITNESS, 'OSTI#E - +n uncooperative witness.

MARTOR OSTI# - n martor care nu cooperea!a.

%ITNESS, MATERIA# - + witness who can give testimony relating to a particular matter that very
few others, if any, can give.

MARTOR MATERIA# - n martor care depune marturie legata de o animta problema pe care foarte putini sau poate nimeni
altcineva nu poate sa o ofere.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?

%ITNESS, PROSECUTION - he person whose complaint begins a criminal prosecution and whose testimony is mainly relied
on to secure a conviction at the trial.

MARTORU# ACU!ARII - 6ersoana a carei plingere incepe o acu!are infractionala sip e a carei marturie se ba!ea!a pentru
a se asigua condamnarea la #udecata.

%OBB#ER - + felony which provides either a county #ail sentence or a state prison commitment and
which can be held to answer as a felony or a misdemeanor.

PERSOANA SOAIE#NICA - n delict care atrage dupa sine o sentinta in inchisoarea de #udet sau o condamnare la inchisoarea
de stat, si care poate fi detinut pentru a raspunde ca delict sau crima.

%OR$ FUR#OUG' - + correctional program which allows inmates, primarily oneFs being readied for
discharge, to leave the institution for the purpose of continuing regular employment during the daytime but reporting back on nights
and weekends.

PERMISIUNE DE #UCRU - n program correctional care le permite detinutilor in primul rind celor
care sunt gata pentru eliberare, de a parasi institutia cu scopul d a continua o slu#ba obisnuita in timpul !ilei, dar care trebuie sa
raporte!e serile si sfirsiturie de saptamina.

%OR$ PROJECT - 6rogram allowing sentenced person the option of performing labor instead of #ail
time.

PROIECT DE #UCRU - 6rogram permitind persoanei condamnate sa munceasca in loc sa serveasca timp in inchisoare.

%RAP AROUND SERICES - 4peciali!ed and intensive social and health services for families with
children concurrently residing in a group home or at risk of entering a group home, designed to reduce the level of foster care or
facilitate the placement of a child with hisher parent instead of foster care.

(****) * 4ervicii speciali!ate si intensive, sociale si de sanatate pentru familii care au copii care locuiesc intr*
o comunitate sau in rescind sa intre intr*o astfel de comunitate, desemnta sa reduca nivelul de ingri#ire sau
sa usure!e plasamentul unui copil cu parintii sai, in loc de adoptiune.

%RIT - + court order that says certain action must be taken.

MANDAT - n ordin de tribunal care spune ca trebuie luata o anumita actiune.

%RIT OF E)ECUTION - + court order that tells the sheriff to enforce a #udgment.

MANDAT DE E)ECUTIE - n ordin al tribunalului care cere serifului sa impuna o anumita sentinta.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?

%RIT OF MANDATE - + petition used to compel the court, officer, or agency to perform a duty
required by law or to compel a court to assume #urisdiction and e&ercise its discretion after its refusal to act.

MANDAT OB#IGATORIU - : petitie folosita pentru a obliga tribunalul, ofiterul sau agentia de a indeplini o datorie ceruta de lege
sau sa oblige tribunalul sa*si assume #urisdictia si sa*si e&ercite abilitatea, dupa ce a refu!at sa actione!e.

-nglishRomanian 'egal /lossary 9?