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Body builder instructions

Volvo Truck Corporation


Göteborg, Sweden

Date Group Release Page


Supersedes VBI Release 09 from 6.11.
Changes are marked with a bar (|) in the 8.11 95 15 1(48)
margin.
Hydraulic system and Power take-off
FM, FH, VERSION2

Contents
“General”, page 2
“Power take-off”, page 3
“Clutch dependent power take-off”, page 4
“Clutch independent power take-off”, page 4
“Power take-off, performance”, page 6
“Gearbox mounted power take-off”, page 6
“Speed ratios for gearbox mounted power take-offs”, page 8
“Flywheel mounted power take-off”, page 10
“Engine mounted power take-off”, page 11
“Hydraulic pumps”, page 13
“Pump connections”, page 13
“Pump types”, page 14
“Installation”, page 15
“4x4, 6x6 All wheel drive”, page 15
“Gearbox mounted PTO in combination with retarder and D11 engine”, page
16
“Engine PTO in combination with I-Shift and Geartronic”, page 16
“Splitbox PTO in combination with I-Shift”, page 17
“Double front axle system, 8x2, 8x4”, page 18
“Accessibility of PTOF and PTPT ”, page 25
“Delivery conditions for factory installed PTO”, page 25
“Delivery conditions for factory installed hydraulic pumps”, page 25
“Connections to engine mounted hydraulic pump”, page 27
“Installation requirements for hydraulic pump at final assembly”, page 28
“Permissible pump bending torque”, page 29
“Propeller shaft installation”, page 30
“Position in the truck”, page 31
“Dimensioning of hydraulic system and hydraulic pumps”, page 38
“Pipes, lines and hoses”, page 38
“Hydraulic oil tank”, page 42
“Starting up”, page 43
“Calculation of hydraulic pump size”, page 44

89029164
ENG49955 English
Printed in Sweden
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 2(48)

General
Auxiliary equipment require power take-offs, either when
the truck is stationary or when it is in motion. Various
power take-off alternatives can be chosen, depending
on the bodywork.

The work is generally carried out by equipment which


is powered by a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor,
together with a pump and associated equipment, form the
basis of the hydraulic system. The pump, which provides
the hydraulic pressure and flow to the motor, is the heart
of the hydraulic system.

All power take-offs covered by this chapter are available


factory installed. Some variants can also be ordered from
Volvo Parts AB.

T9006703

For further information about:


• Power take-offs and Hydraulic pumps, please refer
to “Product and variant information” and the
booklet “Power Take-Offs and Hydraulic Pumps”.
• Essential dimensions with the power take-off fitted
to the vehicle, please refer to “Supplementary
Drawings”
• Wiring diagram for connecting a power take-off to
Geartronic and Powertronic gearboxes, please refer
to Body builder instruction “Vehicle electronics”.
• Power take-off working conditions and parameter
settings, please refer to Body builder instruction
“Vehicle electronics”.

It is important to dimension an optimum hydraulic


system, and to specify the correct pump size to provide Note: The body builder should enclose an information
sufficient oil flow and prevent overloading of the power binder, delivered with the truck, including hydraulic
take-off. For recommended instructions, please refer to: system data (system dimensioning description and
“Dimensioning of hydraulic system and hydraulic pumps”, dimensioning criteria).
page 38. Service, function and safety descriptions should also
be enclosed.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 3(48)

Power take-off
There is a number of different power take-off variants
available, with single or double outlets. The power
take-off is supplied with either a flange connection and/or
a direct connection to the hydraulic pump (opening with
a splined DIN connection).

Power take-offs are classified into two family variants:


Clutch dependent and Clutch independent

Abbreviations
PTR = Single power take-off gearbox, rear mounted (Power take-off Transmission Rear). All are
rear-facing.
PTRD = Double power take-off gearbox, rear mounted (Power take-off, Transmission, Rear mounted,
Double).
PTOF = Flywheel mounted power take-off (Power Take-off Flywheel). (FM9, FM12 and FM13). This
variant is available with rear-facing flange or opening for hydraulic pump located at twelve o’ clock.
PTPT = PowerTronic power take-off (PowerTronic Power Take-off). Torque converter mounted. Available
with rear-facing flange or opening for hydraulic pump, both located at one o’clock (seen from
rear of gearbox).
PTES = Engine mounted power take-off (Power Take-off Engine Side). The pump is connected directly to
a timing gear. The variant is always delivered complete with its hydraulic unions prepared.
PTER = Engine mounted power take-off located at the rear end of the engine (Power Take-off Engine
Rear.)
EPTT = Maximum permitted torque on engine power take off (Engine Power Take off Torque)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 4(48)

Clutch dependent power take-off


Clutch dependent power take-offs are designed to work
when the truck is parked. Common applications are
tipping trucks, mobile cranes, tank trucks etc. They are
mounted on the gearbox and stop working when the
clutch pedal is depressed.

Note: The clutch pedal must be depressed to engage or


disengage the power take-off.
• PTR-XX
• PTRD-XX
• PTR-X
T9008853

PTR-F

Clutch independent power take-off


A clutch independent power take-off is mainly used when
work is to be done when driving. Refrigerators, hook lifts,
concrete mixer, snow ploughs/sand spreaders etc. They
are designed to be installed either on the engine or the
flywheel.

Flywheel PTO
A flywheel mounted power take-off is either driven from
the flywheel or as a sandwich unit, installed between
the engine and the gearbox. It is driven via a hydraulic
multi-plate clutch.
• PTOF-XXX
• PTPT-X

T4006510

PTOF

T4021278

PTPT (VT1805PT, VT2006PT, VT2506PT, PT2106, PT2606)


Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 5(48)

Engine PTO
An engine mounted power take-off is mounted on the rear
of the timing cover.

D9, D11, D13, D16


On the D9, D11, D13 and D16 engines the power take-off
is ordered separately, either as:
• PTER-DIN (DIN5462/ISO7653 connection)
• PTER1300 (flange SAE1300) (not D13)
• PTER1400 (flange SAE1400)
The hydraulic pump (variants HPE-XXX) is ordered
separately on these engines together with PTO variant
PTER-DIN:
• PTER-DIN + HPE-XXX
(Engine power take off together with engine mounted
hydraulic pump)

Note: Former variant names are changed.


PTER-FXX/-VXX are replaced by PTER-DIN +
HPE-FXX/-VXX.

T4019448

PTER-DIN + HPE-FXX

T9008395

PTER-DIN
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 6(48)

Power take-off, performance


Gearbox mounted power take-off
B = Backward
YB = Outer shaft, backward
YF = Outer shaft, forward
IB = Inner shaft, backward
(*) For information regarding earlier double PTOs
(before week 37, 2011), please refer to “Historical
VBI”.

Power Connection Direction of Power take- Max torque Max power


take-off rotation 1 2 3 off, direction (Nm) (kW)
Type Dimension
PTR - FL
Flange SAE1300 600 1004
PTR - FH 1

DIN5462 / ISO
PTR-D Direct 1000 1504
7653 2
B
PTR - F Flange SAE1400 1000 1504
2

PTR - DM DIN 5462 / ISO


Direct 600 1004
PTR - DH 7653 1

YB
PTRD - F Flange SAE1400
2

Direct6 YF
3
PTRD - D DIN 5462 / ISO
(*) Direct6 7653 YB
730 120 4 5
2

Direct6 DIN 5462 / ISO


7653 YF
3
PTRD - D1
(*) Flange SAE1400 YB
2

Direct 6 DIN7653 See table 1204 5


YF below
3

PTRD - D2 YB
SAE1300
(*) 2
Flange
IB
SAE1400
1

1 Counter clockwise when facing back of engine


2 Clockwise when facing back of engine
3 Counter clockwise when facing front of engine
4 A gearbox oil cooler is required if power taken exceeds 75 kW for more than 15 minutes.
5 The total power inner and outer shaft must not exceed 120 kW.
6 Max suitable pump. Forward facing outlet: VT/VTO 2009B, 2214B, 2514B, 2814B, 2412B without retarder max pump F1-61; VT/VTO 2009B, 2214B,
2514B, 2814B, 2412B with retarder max pump F1-101. AT2412C, AT2512C, ATO2512C, AT2812C, ATO3112C, AT2412D, AT2612D, ATO2612D,
AT2812D, ATO3112D max pump F1-101.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 7(48)

For information regarding earlier double PTOs (before


week 37, 2011), please refer to “Historical VBI”.

Maximum PTO torque (Nm) PTRD-D2


Inner shaft (Nm) Outer shaft (Nm)
0 730
65 700
275 600
500 500
700 400
900 300
1000 200
1000 0
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 8(48)

Speed ratios for gearbox mounted power take-offs


Speed ratio 1:X. (1 = engine speed; X = power take off
speed)
L = Low gear
H = High gear
(*) For information regarding earlier double PTOs
(before week 37, 2011), please refer to “Historical
VBI”.

Power Power VT2009B VT2214B


VTO2214B
take-off take-off VT2514B VT2412B VTO2814B
VTO2514B
weight VT2814B
(kg)
L H L H L H L H
PTR-FL 16.0 1:0.73 1:0.91 1:1.14 1:0.73 1:0.93 1:0.92 1:1.16
PTR-FH 15.0 1:1.23 1:1.54 1:1.91 1:1.23 1:1.57 1:1.56 1:1.96
PTR-D 6.5 1:0.70 1:0.88 1:1.10 1:0.70 1:0.90 1:0.89 1:1.12
PTR-F 6.5 1:0.70 1:0.88 1:1.10 1:0.70 1:0.90 1:0.89 1:1.12
PTR-DM 13.0 1:1.06 1:1.32 1:1.65 1:1.06 1:1.35 1:1.34 1:1.68
PTR-DH 13.0 1:1.23 1:1.54 1:1.91 1:1.23 1:1.57 1:1.56 1:1.96
PTRD-F 19.0
PTRD-D
20.0
(*)
PTRD-D1 1:1.29 1:1.61 1:2.01 1:1.30 1:1.65 1:1.64 1:2.05
26.0
(*)
PTRD-D2
Outer
(*)
PTRD-D2 32.0
Inner,
1:0.60 1:0.74 1:0.93 1:0.60 1:0.77 1:0.76 1:0.95
flange
(*)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 9(48)

(*) For information regarding earlier double PTOs


(before week 37, 2011), please refer to “Historical
VBI”.

Power take-off Power AT2412C


take-off AT2412D ATO2512C
weight (kg) AT2512C ATO2612D
AT2612D ATO3112C
AT2812C ATO3112D
AT2812D
L H L H
PTR-FL 16.0 1:0.73 1:0.93 1:0.93 1:1.18
PTR-FH 15.0 1:1.23 1:1.57 1:1.57 1:2.00
PTR-D 6.5 1:0.70 1:0.90 1:0.90 1:1.15
PTR-F 6.5 1:0.70 1:0.90 1:0.90 1:1.15
PTR-DM 13.0 1:1.06 1:1.35 1:1.35 1:1.72
PTR-DH 13.0 1:1.23 1:1.57 1:1.57 1:2.00
PTRD-F 24.5 1:1.29 1:1.65 1:1.65 1:2.10
PTRD-D
23 1:1.29 1:1.65 1:1.65 1:2.10
(*)
PTRD-D1
28.5 1:1.29 1:1.65 1:1.65 1:2.10
(*)
PTRD-D2 Outer
1:1.29 1:1.65 1:1.65 1:2.10
(*)
PTRD-D2 Inner, 34
flange 1:0.60 1:0.77 1:0.76 1:0.97
(*)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 10(48)

Flywheel mounted power take-off


Speed ratio: 1:1

PTOFLY
Power Connection Max Max power (kW)
take-off Direction of
Type Dimension torque <15 mi- >15 mi- With oil
rotation1
(Nm) nutes nutes cooler
PTOF-DIF Flange SAE1400
800 110 60 110
PTOF-DIH Direct DIN5462 / ISO7653 1

1 Counter clockwise when facing back of engine

VT1805PT, VT2006PT, PT2106, VT2506PT, PT2606 (Powertronic)


Power Connection Direction of Max torque (Nm) Max power (kW)
take-off rotation1
Type Dimen- 600–1000 rpm >1000 Air crash tender >2 mi-
sion rpm only nutes
>1500 <2
rpm minutes
<2
minutes
Flange SAE1400 600 rpm 650
PTPT-F 700 rpm 700
800 rpm 750 850 1050 200 130
1
Direct DIN5464 900 rpm 800
PTPT-D
/ISO7653 1000 rpm 850
1 Counter clockwise when facing back of engine
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 11(48)

Engine mounted power take-off


Speed ratio: 1:X.x (1: = engine, X.x = power take-off)

Engine Speed ratio Direction of Max permissible torque (Nm)2 Power take-off
rotation1
< 5 km/h 1000
D9/D11 1:1.08 PTER-xxx
> 5 km/h 650
D13A 1:1.26 PTER-XXX +
650
D13B EPTT650
D13C
PTER-XXX +
1000
EPTT1000
D16C 1 PTER-XXX +
1:1.15 650
(-W0616) EPTT650

D16C PTER-XXX +
650
(W0617-) EPTT650
1:1.26
D16E PTER-XXX +
D16G 1000
EPTT1000
1 Counter clockwise when facing back of engine
2 The engagement of the hydraulic pump must not give any pressure peaks exceeding the rated pressure.

Note: Low stiffness of the prop shaft and big inertia on


the pump will give low resonance frequency, which can
be excited by the vibration frequencies of the engine.
The engagement time has to be so long that no pressure
peaks will occur, and the best way to verify this is to
measure the pressure close to the pump.

Use the following formula to calculate the power output of


an engine mounted PTO:

M × X.x × neng × 3, 14
P =
30000

P = Power (kW)
M = PTO torque (Nm)
X.x = PTO speed ratio (see “Speed ratio” above)
neng = Engine speed of rotation (rpm)
Note: If the resulting power is greater than the diesel
engine’s power rating (at actual engine speed) the engine
will not be able to drive the PTO equipment.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 12(48)

Resonance frequency
The minimum torsional resonance frequency is 300 Hz for
the system propeller shaft to PTO pump. Failure to this
demand can cause severe damages to the engine.

Resonance frequency (f) for a propeller shaft driven PTO


is calculated as: Example:
k = 2,8 x 105 Nm/rad
r
1 k J = 0,05 kgm2
f= ×
2 × π J
s
f = resonance frequency (Hz) 1 2.8 × 10 5
f= × = 377 Hz
2 × π 0.05
k = stiffness of prop shaft and coupling(s) (Nm/rad)
J = hydraulic pump and coupling mass moment of inertia
(kgm2)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 13(48)

Hydraulic pumps
Abbreviations
HPE = Hydraulic pump mounted to an engine power take off (Hydraulic Pump Engine mounted).
HPG = Hydraulic pump mounted to a gearbox power take off (Hydraulic Pump Gearbox mounted).

Pump connections
There are two types of connections for hydraulic pumps:
• Plugged-in pumps
• Flange mounted

Plugged-in pumps
Plugged-in pumps are connected directly to the power
take-off via a splined shaft. Connection is done according
to DIN5462/ISO 7653 standard.

The VP1- and F1 Plus pumps are available for plugged-in


mounting.

T4006560

“Plugged-in”

Flange mounted pumps


The hydraulic pumps can also be connected to the power
take-off via a propeller shaft. Connection is done to a
flange according to SAE 1300 or SAE 1400 standard.

The VP1- and F1 Plus pumps are possible to connect


to a propeller shaft.

T9006112

Flange mounted
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 14(48)

Pump types
The following pump types are available from Volvo:
• Pumps with fixed displacement
• Pumps with variable displacement

Fixed displacement pump


This type of hydraulic pump is adapted for a single circuit
system with fixed volume.

The fixed displacement pump consists internally of one or


two single circuit(s), from the suction port to the pressure
port(s).

Examples:
• HPE / HPG-F41 (Parker F1-41)
• HPE / HPG-F51 (Parker F1-51)
• HPE / HPG-F61 (Parker F1-61)
• HPE / HPG-F81 (Parker F1-81)
• HPE / HPG-F101 (Parker F1-101)
• HPE-T53 (Parker F2-53/53)
• HPE-T70 (Parker F2-70/35)

Variable displacement pump


This type of hydraulic pump is adapted for a single circuit
system.
The variable displacement pump consists internally of
a single circuit from the suction port to the pressure
port, but with variable displacement. When installed in a
load sensing system, the variable displacement pump
(VP1) supplies the correct amount of flow required by the
various work functions currently engaged. This means
that the energy consumption and heat generated are
minimized and much reduced in comparison with a fixed
displacement pump used in the same system.

Examples:
• HPE-V45 (Parker VP1-45)
• HPE-V75 (Parker VP1-75)
• HPE / HPG-V120 (Parker VP1-120)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 15(48)

Installation
CAUTION
Hoses and pipes should not be routed too near the
warm points in the truck. Avoid crossed pipes which
could cause chafing. (Risk for fire if a leakage should
occur and the transfer of heat to the hydraulic oil).

4x4, 6x6 All wheel drive


All gearbox mounted PTO’s are possible to use for
all wheel drive vehicles, except for PTR-FL, PTR-FH,
PTRD-F, PTRD-D1 and PTRD-D2. (There are no space
for propeller shaft from PTO due to transfer box.)

The two power take-offs for automatic (Powertronic)


gearbox (PTPT-F and PTPT-D) are available as options.

Engine mounted hydraulic pump with


VT2006PT/PT2106/VT2506PT/PT2606 is not
available from factory (lack of space).

The direct driven power take-offs (PTOF-DIF and


PTOF-DIH), which are installed between the engine and
a manual gearbox, could not be installed because the
distance between the transfer box and the rear of the
gearbox is too short.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 16(48)

Gearbox mounted PTO in combination with retarder and D11 engine


Combination D11 manual gearbox (VT2514B, VTO2514B,
VT2009B, VT2214B, VTO2214B) and PTO (PTR, PTRD)
is not allowed. This is due to the excessive transmission
weight.

Engine PTO in combination with I-Shift and Geartronic


VT2214B, VT2514B, VT2412B
The PTO can only be engaged when the truck is
standing still or when driven in one selected gear. The
reason for this is that the power for changing gears can
not otherwise be controlled. These types of installations
are similar to the gearbox mounted PTOs in this matter.

AT2412C, AT2412D, AT2512C, AT2612D, AT2812C, AT2812D, ATO2512C,


ATO2612D, ATO3112C, ATO3112D
When using the I-Shift gearbox, the engine power
take-off can be engaged during driving but exceeding
the maximum torque (shown in the table below) can
cause problems during gear shifting. For this reason it is
recommended that equipment, which requires torque in
excess of these values (such as a refuse compactor), is
only used while the vehicle is at a standstill.

Engine Maximum torque (Nm)


while driving
D9/D11 200
D13 300
D16 300
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 17(48)

Splitbox PTO in combination with I-Shift


Engine warmhold is recommended before using Splitbox
PTO.
Usage of engine mounted PTO or gearbox mounted
PTO in combination with Splitbox PTO will reduce the
maximum permitted inertia and the maximum permitted
startup torque.

For more Splitbox PTO related information , please see


the Vehicle electronics chapter.

Transmission
AT2412C AT2412D
AT2512C AT2612D
AT2812C AT2812D
ATO2512C ATO2612D
ATO3112C ATO3112D
NXK parameter setting Not No Yes
applicable
Maximum inertia See diagram
reduced to gearbox
output shaft.
Maximum startup torque See diagram
on gearbox output shaft.

T9063529

A = Maximum inertia reduced to transmission output shaft


(kgm2.)
B = Maximum startup torque on transmission output shaft
(Nm)
C = NXK parameter setting not applicable or set to No
D = NXK parameter set to Yes
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 18(48)

Double front axle system, 8x2, 8x4


Choice of power take-off / hydraulic pump
Some combinations of engine/gearbox/power take-off and
engine/gearbox/power take-off with rear-mounted pumps
can not be used on 8x2 and 8x4 chassis. This is because
of the risk of damage to gearbox, power take-off, pump
and hydraulic connections due to the second steering
axle. Recommended combinations are found in the table
below.

Note: Power take-off PTRD-D has a forward-facing


opening for a pump which can be installed in line with
the gearbox.

This opening is not affected by the second steering axle,


but check that a power take-off is permissible.

Combinations possible to build with FAS1795


FAS = Front Axle Spread
BI = Backward Installation
FI = Forward Installation
X = Chosen variant
N.A. = Not applicable – (conflict with front axle)

PTR-D, PTR-DM, PTR-DH, PTRD-F


Engine Gearbox PTR-D PTR-DM PTRD-F
PTR-DH
BI BI BI
D9/D11 VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange
VT2214B HPG–F61 HPG–F61 Flange
VTO2214B HPG-F61 HPG-F61 Flange
VT2412B HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2412C HPG-F101 HPG–V120 Flange
AT2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2412D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
ATO2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
ATO2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 19(48)

D13 VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange


VT2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange
VTO2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange
VT2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange
VTO2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange
AT2412C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
ATO2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2412D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
AT2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
ATO2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange
D16 VT2814B N.A. N.A. N.A.
VTO2814B N.A. N.A. N.A.
AT2812C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A.
ATO3112C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A.
AT2812D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A.
ATO3112D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 20(48)

FAS = Front axle spread


BI = Backward installation
FI = Forward installation
X = Chosen variant
N.A. = Not applicable – (conflict with front axle)

PTRD-D, PTRD-D1, PTRD-D2


Note: Variants PTRD-D1/-D2 together with double front
axle are not available as standard from factory.

Engine Gearbox Power take off


PTRD-D PTRD-D1/-D2
BI FI BI FI
D9/D11 VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VT2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VTO2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VT2412B HPG-F1012 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
AT2412C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2512C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2412D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2612D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
ATO2512C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
ATO2612D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
D13 VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VT2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VTO2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011
VT2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011

VTO2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange HPG-F1011


AT2412C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2512C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
ATO2512C HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2412D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
AT2612D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
ATO2612D HPG-F1012 HPG-F101 Flange HPG-F101
D16 VT2814B HPG-F61 HPG-F1011 N.A. HPG-F1011
VTO2814B HPG-F61 HPG-F1011 N.A. HPG-F1011
AT2812C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A. HPG-F101
ATO3112C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A. HPG-F101
AT2812D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A. HPG-F101
ATO3112D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 N.A. HPG-F101
1 See note below
2 HPG-V12, does fit but is not available from factory as standard variant.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 21(48)

Note: Maximum size of the hydraulic pump is:


HPG-F61 gearbox without retarder
HPG–F101 gearboxes with retarder

CAUTION
The only allowed pump mounting direction is shown in
the illustration.

T9008157
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 22(48)

Combinations possible to build with FAS1995


FAS = Front axle spread
BI = Backward installation
FI = Forward installation
N.A. = Not applicable – (conflict with first spring bracket
second front axle)

PTR-D, PTR-DM, PTR-DH, PTRD-F


PTR-DM
PTR-D PTRD-F
Engine Gearbox PTR-DH
BI BI BI FI
VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VT2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VTO2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VT2412B HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2412C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
D9/D11
AT2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2412D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
ATO2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
ATO2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
VT2009B HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
VT2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VTO2214B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VT2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
VTO2514B HPG-F101 HPG-F1011 Flange N.A.
D13 AT2412C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
ATO2512C HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2412D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
AT2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
ATO2612D HPG-F101 HPG-V120 Flange N.A.
VT2814B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
VTO2814B HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
AT2812C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
D16
ATO3112C HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
AT2812D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
lllllATO3112D HPG-F101 HPG-F101 Flange N.A.
1 HPG-V120 does fit but is not available from factory as standard variant, the same goes for the variable pumps VP1–45 and VP1–75. Note! Be aware of
the direction of rotation.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 23(48)

PTRD-D, PTRD-D1, PTRD-D2


Note: Variants PTRD-D1/-D2 together with double front
axle are not available as standard from factory.

PTRD-D1
PTRD-D
Engine Gearbox PTRD-D2
BI FI BI FI
AT2412C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2412D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2512C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2612D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
ATO2512C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
D9/D11
ATO2612D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2009B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2214B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VTO2214B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2412B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2412C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2412D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2512C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2612D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
ATO2512C HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
D13 ATO2612D HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2009B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2214B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2514B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VTO2214B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
VTO2514B HPG-F1011 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2812C HPG-F101 N.A. Flange N.A.
AT2812D HPG-F101 N.A. Flange N.A.
ATO3112C HPG-F101 N.A. Flange N.A.
D16
ATO3112D HPG-F101 N.A. Flange N.A.
VT2814B HPG-F101 HPG-F1012 Flange HPG-F1012
VTO2814B HPG-F101 HPG-F1012 Flange HPG-F1012
1 HPG-V120 does fit but is not available from factory as standard variant, the same goes for the variable pumps VP1–45 and VP1–75. Note! Be aware of
the direction of rotation.
2 See note below

Note: Maximum size of the hydraulic pump is:


HPG-F61 gearbox without retarder
HPG–F101 gearboxes with retarder
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 24(48)

Distance to second front axle


The table below shows the distance between the front
edge of the second front axle and the mounting surface
for the power take-off on the gearbox.

The length L of each power take-off must be deducted


from the distances in the table to give the distance
between the power take-off and the second front axle.

FAS1795 (Front axle spread 1795 mm)


Engine Gearbox
VT2412B VT2214B AT2412C AT2812C
VT2009B VTO2214B AT2412D AT2812D
VT2514B AT2512C ATO3112C
VTO2514B AT2612D ATO3112D
VT2814B ATO2512C
VTO2814B ATO2612D
D9/D11 413 mm 488 mm 338 mm 511 mm 493 mm
D13 388 mm 463 mm 313 mm 486 mm 468 mm
D16 283 mm 358 mm 208 mm 381 mm 363 mm

FAS1995 (Front axle spread 1995 mm)


Engine Gearbox
VT2412B VT2214B AT2412C AT2812C
VT2009B VTO2214B AT2412D AT2812D
VT2514B AT2512C ATO3112C
VTO2514B AT2612D ATO3112D
VT2814B ATO2512C
VTO2814B ATO2612D
D9/D11 613 mm 688 mm 538 mm 711 mm 693 mm
D13 588 mm 663 mm 513 mm 686 mm 668 mm
D16 483 mm 558 mm 408 mm 581 mm 563 mm

The length of each power take-off is:

(*) For information regarding earlier double PTOs


(before week 37, 2011), please refer to “Historical
VBI”.

Power take-off Length (mm)


PTR-D 98
PTR-DM 120
PTR-DH 120
PTRD-D 125
(*)
PTRD-F 160
PTRD-D1 230
(*)
PTRD-D2 230
(*)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 25(48)

Accessibility of PTOF and PTPT


If a top-mounted power take-off is installed on the gearbox
and there is a fixed body building, we recommend that
a service hatch should be made in the floor as in Body
builder instructions “Attachments”.

Delivery conditions for factory installed PTO


For trucks which are not equipped with a factory mounted
hydraulic pump, a kit is available for mounting a pump
onto power take-off variant PTR-D. The kit contains a
sleeve, washers, a snap ring and a screw and can be
found in the cab’s left hand side storage box. Mount
the pump and kit according to the adjacent illustration
(tightening torque 85Nm).

T9008978

Delivery conditions for factory installed hydraulic pumps


CAUTION
Hydraulic pumps must never be in use without oil flow
in the hydraulic system.

For trucks with gearbox mounted PTO:


To prevent the possibility to engage the hydraulic pump
before definitive assembly, the following is done from
factory:
• The PTO magnetic valve outlet is blocked up by a
hexagon socket plug.
One or two valves is plugged, depending on type of
PTO.
• The valve nipple, which the body builder should
connect, is placed in a plastic bag and strapped on the
end of the pneumatic hose at magnetic valve
For pumps mounted on PTR-D and rear mounted in
outerport on PTRD-D, the direction of rotation must be
changed to left hand rotation.

T9008795
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 26(48)

For trucks with engine mounted PTO:


The hydraulic pump is always engaged; therefore
sufficient lubrication is needed continuously for the pump.
• To establish lubrication during transport from factory to
final assembly at body builder, a temporary hydraulic
transport kit is added at the factory.
• The components in the kit (tank, hoses and unions)
should be replaced; they are not dimensioned for the
working pressure in the definitive hydraulic system.

Note: The replacement must be performed in particularly


clean conditions. Dirt and other contamination which
finds its way into the hydraulic system could easily cause
severe damage.
The dimensioned drawings “Position in the truck”, page 31
show where the unions for connection to the permanent
equipment is located.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 27(48)

Temporary hydraulic transport kit

There are two different temporary kits, and the size of


the oil reservoir differs:

1. Temporary hydraulic transport kit (for fixed


displacement pumps)

Engine Amount of oil if refill is


needed:
D9/D11/D13/D16
(HPE-FXX)
0.45 ± 0.05 litre T9008337
D9/D11/D13/D16
(HPE-TXX)

2. Temporary hydraulic transport kit (for variable


displacement or customer adaptation installed hydraulic
pump)

Engine Amount of oil if refill is needed:


D9/D11 Minimum level on reservoir should be
D13/D16 achieved after that the engine is started.
(HPE-VXX) Approx. 10 litre

T9008338

Connections to engine mounted hydraulic pump


A Factory delivered Factory installed connection from
the hydraulic pump. Dimension 25S (M36 x 2).

B Body builder Body builder’s connection. Hose


connection with 24° cone.

C Suction side Smallest external connection diameter


see table below:

Hydraulic pump Diameter X (mm)


HPG-F41 50
HPG-F51
HPG-F61
PTES-VXX
HPE-V45
HPE-V75
T9008408
HPE-FXX 63
HPE-TXX
HPG-F81/-101 X = smallest external connection diameter.

HPE-V120 75
HPG-V120
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 28(48)

Installation requirements for hydraulic pump at final assembly


CAUTION
Hydraulic pumps must never be in use without oil flow
in the hydraulic system.

Fixed displacement pump, HPE-FXX (F1 single flow)


• Remove the temporary oil reservoir kit, tank, fittings
and hoses are not designed for use in high pressure
installations
• See to that enough oil flow (minimum 5l/min) is running
in the final hydraulic system back to the hydraulic
tank when the hydraulic pump is running unloaded. If
not, a drain line must be installed from bypass valve
to hydraulic tank entering below oil surface (to avoid
“foaming” the oil).

Fixed displacement pump, HPE-TXX (F2 twin flow)


• Remove the temporary oil reservoir kit, tank, fittings
and hoses are not designed for use in high pressure
installations.
• The drain hose from bypass valve, supplied loose
from factory, must be connected to hydraulic tank
entering below oil surface (to avoid “foaming” the oil).
Dimension of hose fitting is M12x1,5 DIN 20078N.
It is allowable to shorten the drain hose, but a new
fitting must be attached in a proper way.

Variable displacement pump, HPE-VXX (VP1)


• Remove the temporary oil reservoir kit, tank, fittings
and hoses are not designed for use in high pressure
installations.
• The bypass valve attached to the tank together with
the hose between pump and by pass valve shall be
kept and a drain hose should be connected between
port “T” and hydraulic tank.
It is allowable to shorten the drain hose between pump
and bypass valve but a new fitting (M12x1,5 DIN
20078N) must be attached to fit onto fitting in bypass
valve.
• The load signal on its way to port “LS” at the load
sensing regulator on the hydraulic pump shall be
connected in port “X” on the bypass valve as well.
• A drain line must be installed between port “T” on the
hydraulic pump and the hydraulic tank since the load
sensing regulator is not internally drained.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 29(48)

Permissible pump bending torque


The hydraulic pump mounted to a power take-off causes
bending torque at the power take-off.

A gearbox mounted power take-off as well as an engine


mounted power take-off has the following maximum
permissible torque:

PTR/PTRD/PTOF/PTPT/PTER
PTO Maximum bending
torque (Nm)
PTR/PTRD 40
PTOF-DIH 40
PTPT-D 40
PTER 40

Note: If dual mounted pumps are used, the total torque


must not exceed 40 Nm.

Calculation of pump bending torque


Torque is calculated with the formula below:

Mb = m × g × A

Mb Bending moment at pump connection to power


take-off (Nm).
m Pump weight (kg).
g Standard gravity = 9.81 N/kg.
A Distance between pump centre of gravity and
anchorage on power take-off (m).
Note: This calculation method is used irrespective of
PTO/pump location.

T9007591
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 30(48)

Propeller shaft installation


If a power take-off with coupling flange is to be used, the
pump is installed by means of a bracket, either on an
existing crossmember or on the sub-frame. An alternative
method is to install an extra crossmember and install
the pump on it. In this case, it is important to design the
crossmember so that it can withstand the forces involved
when the chassis twists and bends. The best way to
achieve this is to design the crossmember as a normal,
intermediate crossmember.
T9006112

The same requirements apply to power take-off propeller


shafts as for drive line propeller shafts.
For best service life, the true joint angle should be kept
between 0.5 to 4 degrees (the joint angle is not to be
more than 8 degrees).

It is important that angles β1 and β2 are equal.

T9006113

Dimensions of Volvo’s power take-off flanges

W4002387

T9008927
SAE1300

SAE1400
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 31(48)

Position in the truck


Note: All dimensions specified in mm.
For information about Gearbox mounted, rear power
take-off and Powertronic power take-off please refer
to “Supplementary Drawings”.

Flywheel mounted power take-off


PTOF-DIF (flange)
The following abbreviations are used in the table and
illustrations below:
X = Front reference hole in chassis
A = Messurement to centre of rear most edge of flange.
B – G = Represent other different measurements (see
illustrations below).
Engine A B C D E F G
D9 164 115 FRAMEHIG
746 425 46 1988 –228
181 132 FRAMELOW
D13 163 113 FRAMEHIG
771 425 44 1988 –228
180 130 FRAMELOW

Note: On trucks with a flywheel mounted power take-off,


the gearbox crossmember has a different position to what
is shown on the chassis drawing.

T9008155

T9007095
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 32(48)

PTOF-DIH (hydraulic)
The following abbreviations are used in the table and
illustrations below:
X = Front reference hole in chassis
A = Measurement to centre of connecting point.
B – G = Represent other different measurements (see
illustrations below).
Engine A B C D E F G
D9 164 115 FRAMEHIG
717 425 47 1988 –228
181 132 FRAMELOW
D13 163 113 FRAMEHIG
738 425 46 1988 –228
180 130 FRAMELOW

Note: On trucks with a flywheel mounted power take-off,


the gearbox crossmember has a different position to what
is shown on the chassis drawing.

T9008154

T9007097
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 33(48)

Engine mounted power take-off


The following abbreviation is used in the illustrations
below:
FA = Front Axle FAA10/FAA20 (FAA11 gives a
substraction of 100 mm (-100)

T9008395

Engine D9/D11
Measurement (mm) Measurement (mm)
Nipple suction side Nipple pressure side
A B C D E F
PTER-DIN + 754 384 23 670 391 78 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F41/-F51/-F61
40 95 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F41/-F51/-F61)
PTER-DIN + 804 395 31 723 404 80 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F81/-F10
48 97 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F81/-F10)
PTER-DIN + 821 309 210 744 / 7801 197 / 1691 176 / 1611 FRAMEHIG
HPE-T53/-T70
227 193 / 1781 FRAMELOW
PTER-DIN + 716 321 43 696 417 105 FRAMEHIG
HPE-V45/-V75
60 122 FRAMELOW
(PTER-V45/-V75)
Centre of connection
PTER-DIN 438 236 8 FRAMEHIG
25 FRAMELOW
Centre of flange
PTER1300 30 FRAMEHIG
PTER1400 484 241
47 FRAMELOW
1 Inner port/Outer port
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 34(48)

Engine D13
Measurement (mm) Measurement (mm)
Nipple suction side Nipple pressure side
A B C D E F
PTER-DIN + 754 382 11 670 399 64 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F41/-F51/-F61
28 81 FRAMELOW
PTER-DIN + 804 394 16 722 413 62 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F81/-F10
33 79 FRAMELOW
PTER-DIN + 840 383 13 752 / 7731 420 / 3991 67 / 971 FRAMEHIG
HPE-T53/-T70
30 84 / 1141 FRAMELOW
PTER-DIN + 717 323 44 695 430 84 FRAMEHIG
HPE-V45/-V75
60 101 FRAMELOW

PTER-DIN + 820 427 29 735 269 99 FRAMEHIG


HPE-V120 46 116 FRAMELOW
Centre of connection
PTER-DIN 440 237 44 FRAMEHIG
61 FRAMELOW
Centre of flange

PTER1400 486 237 41 FRAMEHIG

58 FRAMELOW
1 Inner port/Outer port

Engine D16C (—W0616)


Measurement (mm) Measurement (mm)
Nipple suction side Nipple pressure side
A B C D E F
PTER-DIN + 862 406 42 777 425 93 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F41/-F51/-F61
59 110 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F41/-F51/-
F61)
PTER-DIN + 911 418 46 829 439 91 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F81/-F10
63 108 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F81/-F10)
PTER-DIN + 824 349 94 797 455 112 FRAMEHIG
HPE-V45/-V75
111 129 FRAMELOW
(PTER-V45/-V75)
Centre of connection
PTER-DIN 548 263 82 FRAMEHIG
99 FRAMELOW
Centre of flange
PTER1300 105 FRAMEHIG
PTER1400 589 263
122 FRAMELOW
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 35(48)

Engine D16C (W0617–), D16E and D16G


Measurement (mm) Measurement (mm)
Nipple suction side Nipple pressure side
A B C D E F
PTER-DIN + 862 413 45 777 430 98 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F41/-F51/-F61
62 115 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F41/-F51/-
F61)
PTER-DIN + 911 425 50 829 444 98 FRAMEHIG
HPE-F81/-F10
67 115 FRAMELOW
(PTER-F81/-F10)
PTER-DIN + 994 453 23 886 / 9071 474 / 4531 80 / 1101 FRAMEHIG
HPE-T53/-T70
40 97 / 1271 FRAMELOW
PTER-DIN + 802 461 118 802 461 118 FRAMEHIG
HPE-V45/-V75
135 135 FRAMELOW
(PTER-V45/-V75)
Centre of connection
PTER-DIN 548 263 82 FRAMEHIG
99 FRAMELOW
Centre of flange
PTER1300 105 FRAMEHIG
PTER1400 589 263
122 FRAMELOW
1 Inner port/Outer port
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 36(48)

HPE-F41, –F51, –F61, –F81, –F10, –T53, –T70 (fixed pump)


(PTER-F41, –F51, –F61, –F81, –F10)

T9008176

HPE-V45, –V75, –V120 (variable pump)


(PTER-V45, –V75)

T9008113

PTER-1300, –1400 (engine rear)


Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 37(48)

T9008392

PTER-DIN (engine rear)

T9008393
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 38(48)

Dimensioning of hydraulic system and hydraulic pumps

It is important to dimension an optimum hydraulic system,


and to specify the correct pump size to provide sufficient Note: The body builder should enclose an information
oil flow and prevent overloading of the power take-off. binder, delivered with the truck, including hydraulic
system data (system dimensioning description and
dimensioning criteria).
Service, function and safety descriptions should also
be enclosed.

Pipes, lines and hoses


Connected to the hydraulic pump are a high-pressure
hose, suction and drain lines.

When dimensioning the hydraulic system, it is important


that:
• Hoses and lines must be connected to the pump with
unions. Sealing rings must be used between pump
and union.
• Teflon tape or similar must not be used since pieces
can break off and get into the hydraulic system and
eventually cause damage.
• If steel piping is used, it must be installed so that
movements and vibrations do not cause leakage.
Normally hoses should be used nearest the pump.
• Oxide scale must be removed from pipes which have
been heat-bent or welded. Flush or blow the pipes
clean before installing them.

CAUTION
Hoses and pipes should not be routed too near the
warm points in the truck. There are two reasons for
this, namely risk for fire if a leakage should occur, and
the transfer of heat to the hydraulic oil.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 39(48)

High-pressure hose
These hoses must have a minimum of four steel wire
coil inserts in order to withstand the high pressure in the
hydraulic system.

When mounting an high-pressure hose:


• Make sure the hoses are not twisted when connected
up.
• Make sure the hoses are long enough.
• Strive to get as few bends as possible on a hose.
• Avoid kinks by using correct unions. Only pressed
unions may be used when replacing hose unions.
Note: Check for oil leakage and for high noise levels in
the system when the truck is in motion.

Suction line
The suction line is made of piping or armoured hose which
retains its shape even when there is vacuum in the line.

To avoid cavitation:
• The suction line should be as short as possible and
should not exceed 4 metres. In the event longer lines
are required, larger line dimensions must be used.
• The suction line should connect to the bottom of the
tank and must be correctly tightened to prevent air
getting into the oil.
• The suction line must have a wide diameter and must
be free from kinks and constrictions.

Note: Avoid suction lines of high-pressure hooks and


hooks made locally from pipe pieces welded together.
They could cause unnecessary suction resistance.

Suitable suction line sizes at different flow quantities and


with a flow speed of less than 0,8 m/s:

Inner diameter Ø (mm) Flow up to litre/minute


50 0–120
64 101–150
75 > 150
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 40(48)

Drain line and bypass valve


If the hydraulic pump is installed to a constantly running
PTO, it is provided with a bypass valve.

The bypass valve reduces the oil flow through the pump
to obtain low heat generation and to avoid cavitation.

Drain line — Fixed displacement pump


HPE-FXX (F1 single flow)
In order to prevent heat build-up in the pump during
transportation, it is important that at least 5 litre/minute
comes out of the filter at “q” (refer to the schematic
below). This applies to an “open centre” system when the
valve is in the bypass mode (non-activated solenoid).

Note: If the flow at “q” is less than 5 litre/minute (caused,


for example, by a high pressure drop in the main system)
when the valve is in the bypass mode or if the hydraulic
system is of the “closed centre” type, then an external
drain line (7) must be installed from the bypass valve
drain port (6) directly to the hydraulic tank, entering below
oil level (preferable to the filter housing on the oil tank).

HPE-TXX (F2 twin flow)


In order to secure a cooling flow through the system,
a separate drain line (7) is already connected to the
bypass valve from factory and the other end of the hose is
temporary plugged. At final assembly the hose (7) should
be connected to the hydraulic tank, entering below oil
level (preferable to the filter housing on the oil tank).

Bypass valve — Fixed displacement pump


For the fixed displacement hydraulic pumps the bypass
valve is attached directly on top of the end cap of the
hydraulic pump. It is electrically operated and the valve
function must only be activated or released at no-load
(below 20 bar) system pressure.

For the F2 twin flow hydraulic pump, the bypass valve


can be used when one of the two circuits is (temporarily)
not required. The power loss is thus reduced as the
unrequired flow is not forced through lines and “open
centre” valves.
1 Pilot operated check valve
T9008080
2 Solenoid valve
3 Directional control valve (“open centre”) HPE-FXX

4 Hydraulic pump
5 Valve block
6 Drain port
7 (Drain line)
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 41(48)

Drain line — Variable displacement pump


HPE-VXX (VP1)
At final assembly, since the control valve on the hydraulic
pump is not internally drained, there must be an external
drain line installed between port “T” and the hydraulic
tank.

Bypass valve — Variable displacement pump


For the variable displacement pump the bypass is, from
factory, attached to the temporary oil reservoir and
connected to the hydraulic pump via a hose to the port
for gauge outlet, (on VP1-45 and VP1-75 port beside the
suction port and on the VP1-120 port “M” on the control
valve).

The valve, which requires no additional control valve,


allows the pump to operate on-load or off-load up to its
maximum self priming speed.

When a load sensing valve function is engaged, the


bypass flow is cut off (as port “X” is being pressurized).
1 Hydraulic pump
2 Nipple with orifice
3 Bypass valve
4 Load sensing valve
5 Load sensing (LS) signal T9008497

HPE–V120
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 42(48)

Hydraulic oil tank


The tank must be large enough to avoid cavitation and
overheating. A suitable volume is 1,5 times the nominal
pump flow per minute.

The tank includes:


1 Air filter, fitted (as required) in a tube and provided with
a non-return valve
2 Level gauge
3 Suction connector equipped with full-flow tap
4 Angled, perforated plate on which air bubbles
accumulate and rise to the surface
5 Return oil filter

T9008314

When installing a hydraulic tank:


• The volume of the hydraulic tank must be dimensioned
1,5 times the nominal pump flow during normal working
conditions.
• Make sure that the placing of the hydraulic tank does
not limit the performance of the hydraulic pump.
For example: The suction fitting must not be placed
below the inlet of the return pipe.
• It is important that the deaeration surface is big
enough. Prevent external dust and dirt from entering
the hydraulic system. The inside of the tank must be
well cleaned. To prevent dust getting into the system,
the air filter should have the same filtration degree as
the return oil filter.
• Oil is topped-up through the return oil filter, preferably
via a rapid joint on the return line where the oil can
be pumped in.
• Check oil level and ensure that it is oil of recommended
type and viscosity.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 43(48)

Return oil filter


A return oil filter should be installed in the tank or in
the return line. The filter should be dimensioned for a
capacity which is approx. twice that of the pump flow.

Recommended filtration level:


• 25 µm (absolute) in clean environment or at low
pressures (0–200 bar).
• 10 µm (absolute) in contaminated environment or at
high pressures (200–300 bar).
Check return pipe and filter condition and check for oil
leakage.

Note: The filter must be replaced at least once a year.

Hydraulic oil
Hydraulic fluids type HLP (DIN51524), ATF (automatic
transmission fluid) and engine oil type API/CD can be CAUTION
used.
Do not mix oils of different quality.
Recommended viscosity:
• 20-30 mm²/s (cSt).

Starting up
Make sure the entire hydraulic system is clean before
filling it with a recommended fluid. In particular the pump, CAUTION
which must be purged to remove any entrapped air in the
pump housing (use the uppermost purge port). Make sure the suction connector always is below the
minimum level of the hydraulic oil.
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 44(48)

Calculation of hydraulic pump size


The following information is required to dimension the
hydraulic system:
• Oil flow Q (l/min), to the equipment
• Oil pressure p (bar), to do the work intended
• Permissible torque or power taken from the engine
• Permissible pump speed
• PTO Gear ratio

Control the pump environment with the Parker


calculation program.
Go to Introduction on the VBI homepage, choose
Software requirement and click on Parker.

Engine speed
Engine speed limit for engine mounted hydraulic pumps
Vehicles specified with engine mounted hydraulic pumps
will always have a maximum engine speed (rpm) pre set
from factory.

Depending of pump size and if the vehicle is equipped


with BBM (Body Builder Module) or not, the setting is
between 1700–2500 rpm.
This has been done by using data parameters in the
vehicle control unit, and when the hydraulic pump is in
service, the maximum engine speed cannot be overridden
by pressing the throttle.

If the hydraulic system is designed in such way that the


self-suction speed of the hydraulic pump is reduced, then
the limited value should be modified using VCADS Pro or
Body Builder Pro software.

Engine speed control


Check that the permissible speed, specified by the pump
manufacturer on the pump, is not exceeded.

Pump speed per minute n is governed by engine speed


ne and power take-off gear ratio Z:

n = ne × Z

M × z × neng × 3, 14
P= < Pperm
30000

n = Pump speed (rpm)


ne = Engine speed (rpm)
Z = Power take-off gear ratio
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 45(48)

Pump speed
The maximum (self-suction) speeds given in the
catalogue apply at 1.0 bar (abs.) intake pressure.

To achieve correct pump speed the following is required:


• Oil level approx. 0.5 m above pump inlet
• Correctly dimensioned suction pipe
• Original suction nipple
• Correctly designed hydraulic fluid reservoir
The flow speed in the suction pipes should be less than
1 m/s. Poor suction conditions lead to cavitation, high
noise levels, shorter operational lifetime and, in the worst
case, pump failure.

Pump capacity
The pump capacity or size D (cm³/rotation) should be able
to give sufficient oil flow Q (l/min) for the equipment. The Control the pump environment with the Parker
choice of size depends on the oil flow required, engine calculation program.
speed and power take-off gearing. A small pump can give Go to Introduction on the VBI homepage, choose
a large oil flow if the power take-off gear ratio is large, or if Software requirement and click on Parker.
the engine speed is high.

Pump size is calculated as:

D × n × ηv Q × 1000
Q= <=> D =
1000 n × ηv

n = Pump speed (ne x Z)


D = Pump size (cm³/rotation)
ne = Engine speed
Q = Oil flow (l/min)
Z = Power take-off gear ratio
ηv = Volymetric efficiency
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 46(48)

Torque control
A certain torque, Mku is required from the power take-off
at the pump shaft to drive the pump. This torque must
not exceed the permissible torque for the power take-off.
Expressed in Nm, this torque is:

D×p
Mku = < Mku, till.
63 × ηhm

Mku = Torque at power take-off (Nm)


D = Pump size (cm³/rotation)
p = Hydraulic working pressure (bar)
Mku, till. = Permissible torque for the power take-off (Nm)
ηhm = Mechanical efficiency
< = Less than

Torque control, engine


Torque control of the engine Mmot must not exceed the
permissible torque for the engine (please refer to Body
builder instructions “Power take-off, performance”) at a
given engine speed.

Engine torque is equal to power take-off torque x gear


ratio.

Mmot =Mku × Z<Mmot, till.

Mmot = Engine torque (Nm)


Z = Power take-off gear ratio
Mku = Torque at power take-off (Nm)
Mmot, till. = Permissible engine torque (Nm)
< = Less than
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 47(48)

Power requirements
The power N needed to drive the pump is proportional to
the flow and working pressure and inversely proportional
to the efficiency of the pump η.

Check that pump power curve, to see that it has the


capacity needed to provide the calculated power N.

Q×p
N=
600 × ηt

N = Power (kW)
Q = Flow through pump (l/min)
p = Working pressure (bar)
ηt = Overall pump efficiency (approximately 0.95)

ηt=ηv × ηhm.

ηt = Overall pump efficiency


ηv = Volymetric efficiency
ηhm = Mechanical efficiency

Example 1 (Tipper), Selecting pump size clutch dependent PTO


Operating conditions
Flow: 60-80 l/min
Pressure: 230 bar
Engine rpm: 800 rpm
PTO ratio: 1:1.53

Determine the pump speed


n = ne x Z=800 x 1.53 = 1200 rpm

Choosing the pump size

D × n × ηv Q × 1000 70 × 1000
Q= . D= . =60 cm3 /rotation
1000 n × ηv 1200 × 0, 98

Select F1-61 and check torque and power.

Torque requirement of the pump


D×p 59, 5 × 230
Mku = = =222 Nm
63 × ηhm 63 × 0, 98

Power requirement of the pump


Q×p 70 × 230
N= = = 28 kW
600 × ηt 600 × 0, 95
Volvo Truck Corporation Date Group Release Page
Body builder instructions 8.11 95 15 48(48)

Example 2 (General crane), Selecting pump size clutch independent PTO


Operating conditions
Flow: 80 l/min
Pressure: 250 bar
Engine rpm: 800 - 900 rpm
PTO ratio: 1:0.97

Determine the pump speed


n = ne x Z = 800 x 0,97 = 800 rpm

Choosing the pump size

D × n × ηv Q × 1000 80 × 1000
Q= . D= . =102 cm3 /rotation
1000 n × ηv 800 × 0, 98

Select F1-101 and check torque and power.

Torque requirement of the pump


D×p 102, 9 × 250
M= = = 417 Nm
63 × ηhm 63 × 0, 98

Power requirement of the pump


Q×p 102 × 250
N= = = 45 kW
600 × ηt 600 × 0, 95

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