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 . ' i , >.
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, Chnptor 3 ( Group MIA And Group 1 VA vX
Elomontn) V If Scholnr’ s CHEMISTRY - XII (OBJECTIVE) — _ __
35. fiivc uses of lead 3uboxidc.

Lead suboxidc is used

o As pigment
^ In the manu factur e of lead storag e batter ies . ©!r® (Lap VA Aradl
36. .
Give the formula of white lead Also give its one use . (D.G. Khan 09) ©F@aap IQeoirQQifQ&B
filife
White lead 2 PbC 03 - Pb (OH )2 , is a an amorphous white pigment. It mixes readily with linseed oil. and has a god
covering power. If improperly prepa red , it becom es crysta lline and its cover ing powe r js reduced .

O ft ftftftft ft ft 0 ft 0 0 ft 0 ft ft ft

Fill In the blanks

( i) The elements of group VA arc called metalloids
00 In Birkeland and Eyde’s process is prepared from atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen.
( iii ) The tendency to form long chain of atoms is colled
( iv) All the elements of group VIA show the property of
(v) Selenium shows two allotropic forms which arc called forms.
(vi ) Specific gravity of H 2SO4 at 18°C is
( vii ) H 2 is produced by reacting H2SO4 with metals, like
(viii ) The elements of group VA exhibit maximum oxidation state of
( ix) The outermost shell of group elements contain six electrons.
( x) Oxygen shows behaviour due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
(xi ) Cone. Phosphoric acid acts as a
(xii ) Nitrogen is gas while other elements of the same group arc
(xiii ) Noble metals like gold and platinum are dissolved in
(xiv) Sulphur is different from oxygen because it shows oxidation states .
(xv) HNO3 is used in the manufacture of fertilizers.
Answer Key
i Arsenic & Antimon; ii) Q) nitric oxide iii Catenation
( iv) Allotropy Red and vi) I 1.834
RSI VI-A
Paramagnetic Solid
iGiDlEEBIESSMWBtfiBl Variable

Indicate True or False .

( i) The metallic character in groups VA and VIA elements increases down the group
( ii ) The eleme nts of group VA exhibi t maxim um oxida tion state of + 5.
( iii ) Ionization energy of phosh orus is greate r than that of nitrog en .
and
( iv)
(v)
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Cha pte r 4 (Gro up VA An d Gro up VIA Elements! Sch ola rs CHEMISTRY - XII (OBJECTIVE)

( v)
(x j

V. hich of the fol low ing stat em ent is

inc orre ct .
Qu: of a '
.
he ele me nts of gro up VA the hig hes t ion izat ion ene rgy is pos sess ed by. ' £ ) H:SO acts as a stro ng oxi diz ina a g e n t
^ ( b) H;SO ' acts as a stro ng red
(D G Kha n OS)
ucin g agen t
- \• p (c > Sb ( d ) Bi
-Bon e ash con tain s
< I H;SO^ acts as a deh ydr atin g a g e n t (d ) H:SO * acts as a sulp hcn stin g age nt
- mo n 2 g r o u p VA elem ent s , the mos t elec tron egat ive elem ent s is
*
(a )
(D .G Kha n 09)
; y, p 30 % P CV PO,) >
•
D
>
( d ) As (b»
Cat aly st use d in con tact pro ces s is
30 •
; (c ) 90 % P (d j 90 V c Ca:( P 0 ->
2,
i ^ n of VO in air oro duc es .
( D G Kha n 10, Grw 09. 12 )

- b) N:G, ' c ) N ;0;

i he bro wn gas for med , whe n met al red uce s HN O ; to
- >
(d ) N ;Of
( a ) Fe 0;
:
Lau ghi ng gas is
( a ) NO
( b ) \’;05

( O ) NO;
( c ) NO

( c j N; G
( d i Ag:0

( d ) N:0;
.
( Rw p 08, Sgr 09, G r v 12 )
• '
b \:C;
; )
( c ) NO: i d ) NO Sul phu r is an esse ntia l con stit uen t of ( Rw p 09)
( a ) Chl oro phy ll
Lau ghi ng gas is che mic ally ( b ) Pla nt
Nit ric acid can be tran spo rted in a con tain er mad e up of
( c ) Pro tein - (d ) All of the se
(a > NO (b ) N:0 ( c ) NO: ( d ) N:0: (Rw p 09)
( a ) A! ( b; Zn ( c ) Cu (d ) non e of the se
Out of all the elem ent s of gro up VIA , the hig hes t mel ting and boi ling poi nts is sho wn by the Wh ich of the foll owi ngs gas is evo lved whe n cop per reac ts with dil. HN O ?
elem ent . 3 (Rw p 09 )
( a ) N ;0 ( b ) NO ( c ) NO: ( d ) non e of the se
W 1e (o ) Se (c ) S (d ) Pb The geo met rica l sha pe of PCL is (Rw p 09)
(\ !i ) SOj is not abs orb ed in wat er dire ctly to form H;S 04 bec aus e ( a ) octa hed ral ( b ) squ are plan er (c ) trig ona l bip yra mid al ( d ) tetr ahe dra l
.

1 1 ne r. lion dee s no: go to com ple tion ( b) live rea ctio n is qui te slow . The mos t elec tron ega tive elem ent in gro up VA is ( Fsd 09, Lhr 12. Rw p 10 )
J : 1 he rea ctio n is Hig hly exo the rmi c (a ) SO: is inso lub le in wat er. ( a ) Sb ( b) N ( c) He (d ) SO:
( viii) Wh ich cata lyst is use d in con tact pro ces s ? 10 . S , Se , Te and Po arc call ed ( Fsd 08)
y ) Fc:0; (b) V 2 Of (c ) SO; (d ) Ag:0 ( a ) coi nag e met als (b) alka li met als (c ) halo gen s (d ) cha lco gen s
( • >; i :
eh of the foll owi ng spe cie has the ma xim um num ber of unp aire d elec tron s ? 11. Gol d diss olv es in aqu a reg ia to form ( Fsd 10)
- ( a ) AuC I; ( b ) NaH:B 03 ( c ) Na:B:0:
(a) 0 , ( b) Of
1
o(c ) ;1
(d ) O;
'

12 .
(d ) Na .- BO;
In pho sph oro us one of the 3p elec tron s can be pro mot ed to a Vac ant 3d orb ital s giv ing ( Fsd Sup 10)
( a ) 2 unp aire d elec tron s in the val enc e she ll ( b) 3 unp aire d elec tron s in the \ alen ce she ll
1
So lve d S ( c ) 4 unp aire d elec tron s in the vale nce she ll ( d ) 5 unp aire d elec tron s in the val enc e she ll
%• 13. Ars enic oxi des are rem ove d dur ing man ufa ctur e of H 2 S 04 by pas sing thro ugh (Sgr 10)
LSassn
*
A
‘0 ( a ) ferr ic hyd rox ide ( b ) sod ium hyd rox ide
• 1)
' N Siz e of N is sma lles t tha n oth er elem ent s of its gro up. Due to sma ll size, it is • I ( c ) calc ium hyd rox ide ( d ) pot ass ium hyd rox ide
ver v diff icu lt to rem ove an elec tron fro m its oute rmo st she ll , tha t ’ s why it 14. SO3 is not abs orb ed in wat er dire ctly to form ILS Oj bec aus e ( Gnv 08)
1
_ has hig hes t ion iza tion ene rgy. ( a ) the rea ctio n doe s not go to com plet ion
(c ) the rea ctio n is hig hly exo the rmi c
( b ) the rea ctio n is qui te slow
( d ) SO; is inso lub le in wat er
i ( ii ) j (h N > Ele ctro nga tivi ty dec reas es dow n the gro up .
15. ene rgy is ( Gnv 11)
( iii ) } (c) N:04 2NO 4- O:
==
-> 2NO

> NO: gas exi sts in N:

- 04 stat e ( dim er ) ( Lhr 08)

; (iv) (c ) NO: Cu(s) • 4 HN O;( CCnc. )

NO: gas is red dis h bro wn in col or .
-
Cu (NO;) lctn i , 2NO:( „- 2 H 20 l )
(

( Lhr 09)
(v ) ( b) N:Q Its mix ture wit h litt le oxy gen, if inh ale d for suf fici ent ly lon g tim e cau ses :
hys teri cal lau ght er. ( Lhr 10)

l.vi ) (a ) Tc The mel ting and boi ling poi nt inc rea ses dow n the gro up amo ng non -me tal s. ( Lhr 11)
.
So Te has hig hes t mel ting ( 450°C ) and boi ling poi nt ( QOO ^ C ). ' '

j ( vii ) , ( e) The rea ctio n is hig hly

* The rea ctio n of SO; and wat er is hig hly exo the rmi c as hea t con tent s of .
( Fsd 12)
exo the rmi c. rea ctan ts is hig her tha n tha t of pro duc t ( H:S Q4 )
; •
- iii ; i ( !A \ n ( Lhr. 12)
 Chapter 4 (Group VA And Group VIA Elements)
•V-

«
L: M .
TT»
. - -v
Hi
Scholar’ s (SMEMiSTRY - XII (OBJECTIVE) 55
Which goo is obtained when urea reacts with nitrous acid
(a ) Nv (b) NO (c) N20 (d) NO,
Which . of the following properties of white phosphorus arc shared by red phosphorus
1* • Which oxidation state is not shown by phosphorus (a) It phosphorescences in air ( b) It dissolved in CS,
(a ) -3 ( b ) + 5 (c ) + 3 ( d -
) 2 (c) It burns when heated in air (d) It reacts with NaOH to give PH 3
n• •
4 Which of the following oxide is acjdic as well as solid at room temperature Nitrogen molecule is chemically less active because of its:
( a ) Si 02 ( b ) PbO , ( c ) C 02 ( d ) Sn 02 (a) Small atomic energy ( b) High dissociation energy
3. What is the general electronic configuration of Group IVA elements (c) high electronegativity (d) Stable electronic configuraion
: 2 PCl 3 is kept in \ycll 3toppered bottled because :
(a) ns 2
npJ ( b ) ns np 6
( c ) ns 2
np 2
( d ) ns
(a) It is highly volatile
4 . Fire extinguishers contains a bottle of H 2S04 and: (c) It reacts with oxygen
( b) It reacts readily with moisture
(d ) It is explosive
(a ) CaC 03 ( b ) NaHCOj ( c ) MgC 03 ( d ) Any carbonate Red phosphorus is less reactive than yellow phosphorus because:
3 . Phosgene is the common name given to:
(d ) Phosphorus trichloride
(a) Its colour is red
(c) It is tctratomic
( b) It is highly polymerized
•
( a) Carbonyl chloride ( b) Phosphine (c) Acetylene (d ) It is hard
6 . Lead pencil contains
( c ) Lead ( d ) Lend sulphite
When concentrated nitric acid is heated , it decomposes to give
(a) Oxygen and nitrogen ( b) Nitric oxide
(a ) Graphite ( b ) Charcoal
7 . Concentrated nitric acid gives •when it reacts with tin . (c) Oxygen (d ) Nitrogen dioxide and oxygen
( b Meta
) stannic acid ( c ) Ammonium nitrite ( d ) Nitrous oxide Which oxide docs not net ns n reducing agent
(a ) Nitric oxide
(a ) NO ( b) N02 (c) NA (d ) NjO
8. The oxide in which N has the highest oxidation state
oxide ( c ) Nitrogen peroxide ( d ) Nitrous anhydride Non-metal combine with oxygen to form usually
(a) Nitrous oxide ( b) Nitric
(a) Basic oxide ( b) Neutral oxide (c) Acidic oxide (d ) Amphoteric oxide
9 . Which of the following does not give NO with dil HN03
( d ) Ag
The most stable aliotropic form of sulphur is:
( a ) Cu ( b) Hg ( c ) Zn (a ) Rhombic ( b) Monoclinic (c) Plastic (d ) Milk of sulphur
10. Which of the following is in the solid state Which one of the following pairs does not react with H 2 S04 at all
(a) N:05 ( b ) N :0 ( c ) N ,04 ( d ) NO (a) Zn , Fc .
( b) Sn Mg .
(c) Pb Cu .
(d ) Au Pt
11. Which aliotropic form of phosphorous is more reactive . 32. The element which evolves two gases with cone. H 2S04 is:
(a ) White ( b ) black ( c ) red ( d ) violet (a) Si ( b) C (c ) S (d ) P
12. Which of the following is a neutral oxide ? 33. Anhydride of sulphuric acid is:
(a) N 0 , ( b ) NA (c ) NO , ( d ) NA (a) S02 ( b) SO, (c) H S 0,, , (d ) H ,SO,
13. Aqua regia can dissolve noble metals
( b ) _
due
nascent _
to the formation
nitrogen _ ( c )
oF
nitric oxide
|
( d ) nitrous acid
Which of the following acts as pickling agent
(a) HNO . ( b) H 2S04 ( ) HCI (d ) HNO,
(a) nitrosyl chloride . ° .

14. Boric acid cannot be used : 35. All the elements of the oxygen family are:
(a ) As antiseptic in medicine ( b ) For enamels and glazes -
(a) non metals ( b) Metaliiods (c) radioactive (d ) polymorphic
(c) For washing eyes (d ) In soda bottles 36. Sulphuric acid can not be used as:
(a ) Hygroscopic agent ( b) Oxidizing agent (c) Sulphonating agent (d ) Efflorescent
15 . Nitrous oxide is prepared in the laboratory by:
of nitrogen and oxygen ( b ) Reduction of nitric acid Which of the following has highest ionic character
(a ) Combination
( d ) Thermal decomposition of NH N 03 (a) PbCI 4 ( b) PbCl 2 (c) CC14 (d ) SiCl 4
(c) Reduction of NO 4
Graphite is not
16. Which one of the compound is not known (a ) A good conductor of heat ( b) Softer than diamond
(a ) NCI 5 ( b ) AsCl ( c ) PCI 5
( d ) NCI
5 (c) An amorphous of carbon (d ) Used of making lubricants
17. Nitrogen dioxide cannot be obtained by heating:
( d ) Cu (OH ),
39. When aluminium is heated in atmosphere of nitrogen forms a nitride of formula
( b) Ca 03 2 ( c ) Pb ( N 03 ),
(a ) KNO - ( N )
will liberate hydrogen 40.
(a) AIN (b) A 1N 3 (c) A 13N (d ) AI 2N}
18. When treated with nitric acid which of the following Aluminium does not react with
( b ) Magnesium ( c ) Copper ( d ) Mercury (a) NaOH ( b) N 2 (c) HCI (d ) HN03
(a ) Zinc
19. The bonds present in N ,05 are:
(a ) Only ionic ( b ) Covalent and coordinate covalent
c Only covalent
) ( d ) Covalent and ionic
 m
- JU ;

Mai mmi &

•>*-. * Mr &

i
aafs
1

ii
56 Chapter 4 (Group VA And Group VIA Elements ) Scholar's CHEMBSTRY - XII (OBJECTIVE)
51
•
1
o
-
»r. ’ ft- 4 *

. *4
i*
( a) Oxidising agent . • (b) Dehydrating agent
•
(c) Reducing agent .
A
fminmjK
* 5 V II : :
B 23-
( a)
HjPOj act as:
Reducing agent
- (b) Oxidizing agent (c) Dehydrating agent
(d) None of these

(d) None of these

24- The oxidation state of S in S 2CU is:
1- Nitrous acid is prepared by the reaction of water with:
•
»
a t /•
(a)
a
(b) +2
:
. (c) +3 -
, . (d) +4
(a) NO: ( b) NO ( C ) N:03 ( d) NSOs 25 - Pyrophosplioric acid is: i: \ dn / o 1 /iJ. n»;
_
t

2 The decomposition of nitrous acid gives:

( a) Nitrous oxide ( b ) Nitrous anhydride ( c ) Nitric oxide
•|
I .

( d ) Nitric anhydride
•

26-
•(a) HP
0.1 (b) -H P:0;
. •i 7 l I
(
.
,
C);H P20
1 1
i I * ;
, , i n.
(d) .lhPO4
TN I is prepared by the action of nitric acid on:
,

3- Nitrous acid is oxidized to give: cc B: ( a) Benzene ( b ) Toluene (c ) Phenol . '

* . |

( d) None of these
i I

;r r
;
( a) Dinitrogen oxide ( b ) Dinitrogen trioxide ( c ) Nitric oxide ( d) nitric acid 1 27- Formula of Pyrosulphuric acid is: * iZZi
4- Nitrous acid when reacts with organic compound gives: (a) ,1.1SO I , •

. - bso; ,
( a) Oxygen (b) Nitrogen ( c ) Hydrogen (d) none
t
p)
d iI 28 .
•c: ( b) i
Sulphuric acid , is , a dibasic acid because:
(O H:SA, ( d) lkS:07 •

5- Nitrous Acid reacts with aniline to give: ftri (a ) it aives two 011 ion . . T. f i ji v .
'
*: » •

( a) Benzene ( b ) Urea ( c ) Sodium Hydroxide (d) Phenol ( b ) Each molecule jit • iduees two 11 ions
-

t
6- Nitric acid is synthesized on small scale from ( c ) H. SO. j is acid as well as dehydrating agent (two properties)
( a) UNO: ( b) KNO;, (c ) KHSOi ( d ) NO, (d ) None of these
7- Nitric acid is manufactured bv: 29. Sulphuric acid acts as dehydrating agent in reaction with:
(a ) Contact process ( b) Lead chamber ( c ) Birkeland and Evde ' s process ( d) Fermentation (a) Formic acid ( b) Zinc ( c ) Copper (d) Sodium hydroxide
o

8- At 15 °C the specific gravity of HN03 is: 30. Which one of the following molecules is paramagnetic in nature?
( a) 1.84 ( b ) 1.35 ( c ) 1.53 ( d ) 1.24 ( a ) N: a- • ( b) He . . ( c) H: ( d ) 02
9- When nitric Acid reacts with carbonates it release: 31. Oxygen differs from the other elements ofgroup- VIA beacuse: ' hj

( a ) O: ( bj N: (c) H: ( d) CO: ( a) It exists as diatiomic state ( b) Its oxidation state is -2

( c ) Its outermost shell can accept two electrons fd) None of these
10 - Gold reacts with nirtric acid to give:
(a) Oxide ( b) Hydroxide (c ) Hydrogen ( d) None
32 . Nitrogen differs from the other elements of group - VA in which of following properties:
( a) Its outermost shell has five electrons in it ( b) It is a gas at room temperature
ll- With concenterated HNO3 copper gives:
(c) It forms covalent bond Cd ) All
( a) NO ( b ) NO: (c ) N2O3 (d) N:0
12- Concenterated HNOj with mercury gives:
33. All pathogenic micro - organisms are killed by:
r
( a) CO ( b) CL . ' (c ) IBS (d) MCI
( a) Mercurous nitrate ( b) Mercuric nitrate ( c) NO (d) None m 34. Physical appearance of bismuth is:
13 - Nitroglycerine is used as: TrA
( a ) Non- metallic solid ( b) Colourless liquid ( c ) Metallic solid ( d) Grey solid
( a) Laboratory reagent ( b) fertilizer ( c ) Explosives (d ) Dyes
35 Nitrogen is chemically inert to all atoms at room temperature except:
14- Those Metals which react with cold dilute H:S04 and librate Hydrogen are: ( a) Mg ( b ) Ca ( c ) Li (d).Na
( a) Fe, Zn. Cu ( b; Sn. Mg. Fe ( c ) Zn, Mg, Hg (d ) Fe. Sn, Ag 36. Which form of phosphorus is most stable: !
* •
15- Te has two allotropic forms: la ) White (b) Red '
(c ) Black ( d) All:are equally stable
(a) Metalic and Non metalic ( b) Red and grey ( c) Flint and quartz ( d) a & b 37. The hardest of the following solids is : 7 1

16- H;S04 reacts with SO3 to form: ( a ) Na (b ) SiOy ( c ) Graphite ’ ( d)-Mg

( a) Vitriol fb) Oleum (c) H2S2O6 ( d) SO: 38. The gas which cannot be dried by cone H2SO4 . • .
17- H2SO4 acts as: ( a ) SOT •( b) Nil,
Ic ). NOj (d) HC!
(a ) Oxidizing agent ( h ) Reducing agent ( c ) Dehydrating agent ( d) Both a & c 39. W liich of the following acids possess oxidizing and reducing properties :
18 - In contact procees which of the following is used as arsenic Purifier: ( a ) MCI ( b) HNO » ( c ) MNO , Id ) ITSO 4
:
( a) Fe ( OH): lb) Fe (OH); ( c ) FeSO; ( d ) FC2 ( S.04)3 The chemical composition of Cinnabar is: .
I
19- is used in storage cells and electrical battery: ( a ) Z11S ( b) PbS , (c ) llgS ( d ) FeS
( a ) H:S04 ( b ) Oleum ( c ) H3 PO4 ( d) HP03 41. YVhcili one of the following is pale yellow ? t

20 - ( a > \ ( ). tb j .Np L : ijci.NO: ( dj N:Qi

--
*
Which gas is more heavier than air: r .! f~ iM » .
. \ if

42. ( ilueose and cane sugar becomes black w lien cone. HLS()4 is'added to it The function of HISO4 is:
•
' V Tr

( a) N20 ( b) NO (c ) NO: . ( d ) CL
.ta ) Oxidizing agent - .. 1 ( b ).Reducing agent - icpDehydrating agem- '
td » Carbonatine agent
21 - NO form a with FeS 04 (Ring test is performed) .

. ‘ T\” > 3 '

-

la) Substitution product ( b) Oxidizing product ( c ) Addition product ( d ) Reducing Product

22- P2O5 acts as:

v
fd
V.
\r p -.- v V i/ f T - . - j. wr v ‘.- f ;; v
/. w
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v ‘y N;
*' '

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1
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.
. .: ' '

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7- -
v •
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u .
 Phosphorous can only show oxidation states + 3 and + 5 e.g . , in PC13 and PCI;
I (Uj In some cases, it can show -3 oxidation state but is not shown by it .
1
* • (b) H 2 SO4 acts as a strong I-I 2 SO4 is a strong oxidizing agent and not a reducing agent . (a SiOj Si 02 exists in solid state. Due to non -metallic nature oxide of silicon is acidic in
reducing agent . nature . *
2. | ( b) 30% Ca} (PO,h Done ash is an important source of phosphorus. Group VI elements have six electr4 ons in their valence shell so valence shell
3. I 0 V 2 O,
)) | Va Q; is effective catalyst used in the conversion of SO; to SO3 gas. electronic configuration is ns np .
2 /

o. (c) N20 It is mixture with little oxygen , if inhaled for sufficiently long time, it causes (cl ) Any carbonate Carbonat es rea ct wit h H 2 SO 4 to for m C 02 wh ich hel ps in fire ext ing uis her ,
hysterical laughter . ( a ) Carbonyl chloride COCI; (Carbonyl chloride) is called phosgene. l
r*
o. (c) Protein S is an essential constituent of protein and also occurs in various other (a ) Graphite Lead pencil contains graphite. 3
components of plants . It has influence on chlorophyll development
( a ) Nitric oxide Sn + 4 HNOjfConc » — > H 2 Sn 03 + 4 N 02 + H 20
Nitric acid can react with Cu and Zn but the acid is said to render aluminum
6. (a ) A 1 rog en is + P \ In Nit ric oxi de
1
4
( e ) Nitrogen Peroxide In Nit rou s oxi de ( N 20 ) , oxi dat ion sta te of nit
passive . So, it is transported in a container made up of Al . n is “ + 2’ \ In Nit rog en per oxi de ( N 02 ) , the
( NO ) , the oxidation stat e of nitr oge
7. | ( b) NO 3Cuf „-1- 8 MNOI. M , I ) > Cu ( NQ 3 );fai ) + 2NQ^. ) 411? Ot oxi -stat e of nitr oge n is “ + 4 ” and *
* 3 ’ in nit ric anh ydr ide ( N 2 Q 3 )
(.

o . ( c ) trigonal hi pyramid a I Cl (c )Zn Zn gives N 20 with dil . HC 1 .

i» 1 (c) N 2 O4 N1O4 E colourless solid.
(a) White White phosphoru s is ver y rea ctiv e du e to the ang le str ain . P - P bon d ang le in P4

9.
10.
| ( b) N
( d ) Chalcogens The word Chalcogens
“ ” is der ive
elements are found in co er ores .
d
C)

Electronegativity decreases down the group.

fro m gre
CIS

ck for “ Copper giver” . These

|
(a) NiO

(a ) Nit rosy] chloride

( tetrahedral ) is only 60'*.
N2Oj and N2OJ give HNG2 and HNOj with water and N02 is also acidic oxide
but N 20 is neutral .
When one vol um e of con e . HN O 3 is mi xed wit h thr ee vol um es of con e . HC I
ia is for me d . It giv es NO CI ( nitr osy l chl ori de ) v / hich decomposes to
11. ( a ) AUC13 AuClj is soluble chloride of gold due to which gold becomes dissolved in aqua aqu a reg
give CI 2 and dissolves noble metals .
regia .
The valence shell electronic configuration of phosphorous is HNOJ ( COOC ) + 3 MCI fcK/i.t > NOCI ( w + 2 H 20 + CI2( K )
12. 4 unpaired electrons in
( c)
3s 3p 3d (d) In Soda Bottles Boric acid is not used in soda bottles but C02 gas is used.
the valence shell .
a G
When one of 3 p clcctrones is promoted to valence shell
3d
then
(d) Thermal decomposition
of NH 4 NOj.
NH4 NO3

e
Du to abs enc
» "c
)/

e of d
f

-
NI O( / ) + 2 H2 O
orb ital , nit rog en doe s not sho w “
* 5 ” oxi dat ion stat e and
3s 3p (a) NCIj
NCI * is not known .
Metal nitr ate s dec om pos e on hea tin g to giv e N 02 , wh ile dec om pos itio n of
(d ) Cu (OH)2
The number of unpaired electrons is 4 CU(OH>2 does not give N02.
ide rem ove s ars eni c oxi de fro m the gas es . + H :( r )
13 . (a ) ferric hydroxide Freshly prepared ferric hyd rox
is mo re tha n tha t of pro duc t ( H SO )
( b) Magnesium Mgr, > + 2 HNO’ M. j ) > MgCNOj)
^
ovaJen
Because heat^ontent of 4
4

I
rea ctan ts
(c) The reaction is highly 2
( b) Covalent and coordinate
•

\ P
15.
exothermic .
( a) nitrogen Due to small size of N; it is dif ficu lt to rem ove an ele ctr on fro m its ou ter mo st covalent
o;
N— Q — Am (
\
Covalont
shell .
16 . (d) It does not exist in Phosphorous has six allotropic forms:- Coordinate covalont
allotropic forms. 1; a - Bla ck P 2 ) Re d P 3 ) p - Black P FeS 04 - NO , FeSO4.NO
( b) NO
4 ) white P 5 ) violet P 6 ) Scarlet P Brown ring
17. ( a) P < White phosphorous exists in tetra atomic Red phosphoru s is mad e by hea ting yel low pho sph oru s in the pre sen ce of iod ine
( b) 240’ C
structure . at 240 or 250 'C in vacuum .
18 . ( b ) 1.834 Specific gravity* of H - SO4 =
Density of H ,SQ 4
(a) N: 2HN02TM ) -r (NH )
2 2 CO ( tei 2»/ 3 CO a , , * 3 H20r. )
- •

" light * bearing.”

All types of P show phosphore sce nce in air , me ani ng
(a ) It pboshorescenccs in air
Valence shell of nitrogen is hal f fill ed , wh ich res ult s in hig h sta bili ty of nitr oge n
(d) Stable electronic
configuration . due to v/ hich it is less active.
PCI is volatile solid and sublimes at abo ut 100 ’C and giv es fum es in air.
hi 5
 Nitr ogly ceri n is form ed by the reac tion of glyc erin with nitri c acid .
14. ( b ) Sn , Mg, Fe Pc + Hi SO, PeiSO j -H P
Mg + H 2 S04 > MgS O , + IN
Sn + ( I 2S0 , > ~ Sn SO , J IP ;

15: (n) Mctnlic and Non- Metalic | A Ifgr oup VIA elem ents show prop ertx of allot ropy .

( d ) Nitr ogen diox ide nnd 411 NO; > 2 M:0 ( l ) + 4 NO: U;) 4- 16. ( b ) Oleum SO., f lhS04 > l l: S: G 7
oxyg en 17. ( d ) Both a and c HjS Qj is a pow erfu l oxid izing and dehy drati ng agen t.
23. ( d ) N;0 N :Q
'
can t act as a redu cing agen t as it give s nasc ent oxy gen on deco mpo sitio n
'
Id . ( b) Fe (OH )j It is the mai n step of puri fyin g unit to save the pois onin g of catal yst ( V:05 )
N 0l c > > N 4- [ 0 ) - from arse nic oxid e.
I L'SQj is used in lead stora ge batt erie s .
*

29. | ( c ) Acid ic oxid e Non - meia llie oxid e is acid ic beca use it yield s acid in aque ous solu tion . 19. (a) H 2 S04
30. | ( a ) Rho mbic | Rho mbic sulp hur is a stab le form of sulp hur. 20. ( d ) Cl 2 CP is heav ier. •
31. ( e) Pb, Cu Pb and Cu do not reac t with au \ conc entr atio n of IN SO. . , 21. ( c ) Addition Product NO + PcSO , — - VTeSOj. NO
3 C
( b)

( b ) S 03
*

to 21 N
SO ; 4- 1 NO
! SO . . . j

> u: SO.,
> CO . i i •

— 22. 2 0 N COQ U 4 IN 0<

Add ition Prod uct
. ( Brow n Ring )
> ( ON. COO ): O ~ 21 IPO
' •
- -
( b ) H: S Q 4 1 NSO . rem oves impu ritie s from mine ral oil and acts as pick ling agen t. ( I ) ) Dehydrating agent

35. | ( a ) Non - meta ls In the non meta lie char acte r incr ease s acro ss the peri od .
- 23 . ( a ) Reducing agent IN P V- Cu SO IN <
( ,
‘h:
) - -> ; IN PO IN SO . 4 Cu
- j

3 ( >. ( d ) Efflo resc ent N HI ore.s conc e mea ns to beco me pow der by the lose of wate r. IN S04 is not : 2 -1. ( a ) 4- 1 S: CN SC CN‘ "
eftlo rese ent . 25. ( c ) Il 4 P2 ?
( ) INP O , deco mpo ses at 240 "C to 11 , P; O *

37. I ( b ) PbC l; 1 2 Hd >( ) , II P:0 , -

loni c char acte r cc Pola rizin g Pow er
CH .
2 26. ( h ) Toluene
Pola rizin g pow er of Pb is mor e than that ol Pb . So PhC N has mor e ioni c
! '
s

( a ) A Goo d cond ucto r of heal

char acte r.
Grap hite is a good
cond ucto r of heal .
cond ucto r of elec trici ty para llel to laye rs only and it is not a
.
i
o 3HN 0

( a ) AIN The oxid ation state of A 1 is “ 4-3"

and of N is ‘ 3 So form ula is AIN .
- "
- p

iTNT
(d ) HNO j l INO ; is said to be rend er AI pass ive so it is tran spor ted in cont aine rs mad e of
Al . 27. (d ) Ilr Si O: It is also calle d oleu m , pyro sulp luiri e acid or fumi ng sulp huri c acid .
2#. - - ( b ) Each molecule produces I NSO , 4- INO 7-=* I ISO , « INO
idditioiial MCQ’ sjj / \ two IT ions. I ISO , + INO SO/ 4- INO

(c ) N 2O3 NN O; INO > 2 HN0*

t
29. (a) Formic acid HCOOl I CO 4 INO
(c ) Nitr ic Oxid e 31 INO ' ——
> I INO 'i .lvp 2 N 0, C , + INO< t - 1
• -
30. ( d ) 02 O: is para mag netic due to pres ence of two unpa ired elec tron s.
(d ) Nitr ic Acid
( b ) Nitr ogen
U N O.' •. ', 1 B r
i

21 INC ) T ( NH:).'CO
- - iNO 1 , (

> 2 NN + CO: 4- 31- NO

—
> HNO u| t 2 HBr( aql , ) 31 .
32.
( a ) It exists in diatomic state
( b ) It is a gas at room
Othe r elem ents of grou p VI - A do not exit in diat omi c state.
Othe r mem bers of grou p VA a i e solid at room temp eratu re.
•

tempcr.it ure
(d ) Phenol U N O - .ujl 4 C , 1 U Nl N ,
i (
„—
-> C01 N 011, 4 N: (|; , 4- | NQ( I ) „ 33. ( b ) CN It prod uces HOC I whic h kill micr o orga nism read ily by pass ing thro ugh theii *

Ami nobe n /ene Phen ol cell mem bran es.

( b) KNO3 K N O ;, „’ I N S O > Kl lSp4 ua 1 HNO.naqj .
34. (c) Metallic solid Bi is the last mem ber of VIA grou p.
( c ) Birk elan d and Hyd e's
proc ess
.
fliis proc ess cons ists of four steps a ; 1 . esul t ol whic h I tNU i is torr ned: tc ) Li
( e ) Black Blac k phos phor
— us
>

is most
2l.i3N
s tabl e and leas t icae tive -
form ot phuN phon ts .
( c ) 1.53 Spec ific grav ity is give n bv
( b ) SiO: Na and Mg are soft er meta ls and grap hite i s soft er non meta l hut SiO is haid ot -
Spec ific Grav ity = l ) cn $ il> ol ll ,S04 al 15 V soli d amo ng them .
„
Dori siw of 11 ,0 1 15V N 1 N reac ts with .lNSO , to tbrm a m m o n i u m .sulp hate » .
( I > ) NHj
- s ( Nil ) .SO
(d ) CO
( d ) Non e
. 21 INO-. 4

Gold does not react with UNO ,.!

—
> 2 NaN 0;, tu|, t - 1- NQ ( 1 )
: Na:CO.;'UK, I
p
*
Due to
2 N 1 NIV , tlkS OJu |1
form ation .of ( Nil )
1 2 SO , . Nil N to drie d b
>

\ 11 SO *

. r •

,
; dl ! NQ; G„G ; , ’ -
—
>;Qf ( Npy)V 2 NO : cn ) 21 W
U ) Mer curic Nitr ate’'' '
fl Ig , •• 41
'
INO f I.IUI > I lg(NO;):;atll V 2 N 0V, 4- 211:0
'
;,
7 nr
C
•/ /
.
*\l\1 ' ’ Vr
-- VTgjyrS ’ ' '

,. r ! >• ;: . ‘
1
7-.1l v. V V < lJ r >V r
'‘
* Cf V - l . >
*
ft , 7.

\ V, 'M f c am - . '
. '
1
,
j *
; :
'

m
• '
.. '-
K T -
\
/
'
5 S C
PAT .. . i • >.*
; \
- AS
4 4 ^
* .

1. c titi o
y j f Xr l
r ' >
. •rv A : - i

. -f - - S.
' VA
y- i
A
'
: •
v
•
; 3»
. s
i
/ 1 *
:
. X?-4
-.
r j
*
.

m mmmmmmmmaii ^ 'i

4
' V’

'
Chapter 4 ( Group VA And Group VIA Elnmnnlj.
Scholar’s CHEMISTRY - XII (OBJECTIVE)
'
< •*

30 . ( fo ) UNO; As oxidizing agent:-

21 INO : + 2 HI > 2 H 20 + 2 NO + 12
•
H oxidation state
no
As reducing agent:- + 6 oxidation state j || 1
MNO: + Br: + H 20
( Hg S ) is als o cal led me
> HNO > + Br 2
rcu ric sul phi de .
S
Sr 4.
f
Write down a comparison of the properties of oxygen and sulphur.
^ ^
40. (c) HgS Cinnabar
. liqu id in sol id for m it is col our less . [gfeSMljggtiS
41 . (d ) N:Q l | N 2 O is pal e yel low ,
i) Both oxygen and sulphur have same outer electronic configuration of ns tip . 2 4

Cp Mi: Op
. ,
> 6C + 6 H 20
iVc II SO
ii )
*i ( o') Dehydrating agent Both oxygen and sulphur exhibit allotropie forms.
OH ll.SO,

:
Cj21122 0 i | > 12C + 11 H 20 - iii )
iv )
Both have polyatomic molecules . Oxygen has diatomic 02 while sulphur has S2 and Ss molecules .
Both combine with metals in the form of 0° and S 2 with oxidation state -2
‘

V) Both are typical non- metals.

[blssl.mllac
^ W -W' ii Sulphur
1 here are two allotropie forms of oxygen 02 and 0\ . There are three allotropie forms of sulphur, rhombic ,
mono clinic and plastic .
dif fer from othe r elem ents of its gro up ?
i. Ho w doc s nitr oge n

jfo y>
~
'

rcVtYi
^l .^
l A T0:T\ v4i U O l U w
^ .
Willin . I ) UmnaitkM tl A A « c»
'
It is gas at ordinary temperature.
It is sparingly soluble in Water .
It is solid at ordinary temperature.
It is insoluble in water.
SSteSiff It helps in combustion . It is itself combustible.
1P Nit rog en is a gas y1) Other elements of VA group are solids Oxygen is paramagnetic in nature Sulphur is diamagnetic in nature.
i2 i; is dia tom ic mo lec ule ( 2) Other elements of VA group are tetra-atomic ex It does not react with acid . -
It is readily oxidized by cone . H SGj or HNO;, .
Pj. Asj. Sbj. •

It docs not react with alkalies. It reacts with alkali solution and forms sulphides and
. sho ws a. larg e num ber of oxi dat ion sta tes. (3 ) Other elements show limited no. of oxidation ststes
V- Thiosulphates.
•

from +5. +3 , & -3 .

-- - > *
- N
2. Y 1 . 1 It shows oxidation state of -2 . -2 , and + 6.
It shows -2 oxidation state
oe > in fre e stat e as we ll as in combined ( 4) The other elements of group V-A occur h
v es . com bin ed stat es onl v. I fe-
c*. Write down the equation for the reac tion betw een con e. H:S 04 and cop per and exp lain wha t type of
- ^5 ) hav e em pty “ dv orbitalsc
reaction is it.
'

s- i.
e. o es . orm com ple xes due to no n Other elements wh ich
•
» *IV> *
mm
accept electron airs to form complexes.
i h i A Ot d orb ita ls. one. H SO
"
\ ' '

are me tall oid s and Bi is a me tal .

:A pie ai non me tal. - ( 6) As and Sb Hot cone . Sulphuric acid reacts w ith Cu to form Copper Sulphate and S 02.
0x:£c&n
*» \ \ h \ does aqua regia dissolve gold and platinum ? •f . :SO
Cu *
- 211. SO, Cu , ~ 2H .O - SO.
a::a a ’. :ra as fol low inc wa•v:
' 07
— ; s> o * - - Rcducson
^
w

. aes or cone . HC 1 . we aqu a reg ia . It is em plo y

. PN C - is mix ed wit h 3 voi u "
get m o 2 in CiiS”
O and thu s Cu is oxi diz ed. The
In this reaction the oxidat
, ion stat e of Cu is cha nge d fro aer to“ ” “ ;

ae _0 . w;
oxidation state of S in H ;SO is -6 wh ere as in SO : h is -r4. Thi s sho w tha t sulp hur is red uce d .
^
NO Cl . 0 C!: "
t herefore tite reaction is an oxidation reduction
gNO -r ’ ^
NC C . : :s

r
- ^ _>
:NC C ;
1 ."X
:NO - c ;
s si as go ana
C5
- : z : : r:Mri into their water soluble chl c.
^ bus!
Which metals evolve hydrogen upo rea
Macnesium.Calcium and Man
n ctio n with nitr ic
stive h\ drocen with
acid ? Illu stra te alon g w ith
dilute nitric acid.
che mic al equ atio ns .

3 C !- - , • “*

_ v :-
>
-
a . va^
/

rtv_

Wa v th e lam ent s of gro up VIA oth tha n

er oxy gen sho w mo re tha n two oxi dat ion sta tes ?
*
7 \\ r-ers a :r \ IA ’
w - ore tha nctwo oxi dat ion stat es bec aus e the y raw -p -
ox: 5 a to: x i s g
; L SC SC : 2 oxi dat ion stat e is sho wn
 the man ufac turin g of sulp hur ic acis ( U S() 4)
the ;ul \ an times of contact process for
;
( jive

•
j j jjC advantages of cont act pro ces s for the inan ufac turc of 1 bSO are give n belo w : - ,
B usin g this proc ess we can get lbS 04 of any req uire d con cen trat ion.
li > \ ,

(ii) As no by pro duc t is obt aine d dur ing this pro ces s So . it is a env iron me nt frien dly proc .
ess. |IM ) < is
a powerful dehydrating agent, thus, with UNO;, ibSOi ClbCOOlI and C >11)011 it . . gj
liii ) It is use d in com mer cial pre par atio ns . . . .
pcm ioxtde sulphur trioxide acetic anhydride and ethenc respectively.
INCS mitt •

(iv ) I he cata lyst use d i.e. VAN is soli d. So it can be han dled eas ily. . Keaolmirwiiii Nitric Acid
0. Why is SO; dissolved in H:SO , and not in water ? :N \ o, til !M > ,o . > Nd)<iu, i 2I1IU );
ry,v>] When SO ; is diss olve d in l
> 8% I bSO . p > ros ulph urie acid ( oleu m ,
) is obtained. ( N- Jfogcn
.
Pcn’ nxido)
(Mein Phos -
phnric nc < d)

— Reaction with sulphuric acid

- > ibSA ) -
'

I I SO:l.u; S SO;
Oleum can he convened to sulphuric acid of any icqi iired con cen trat ion . By mix ing ade qua te amount of water . II SO i • if IM >,„
, > SO iip i
•
2! IPO » jq
' ‘
( Sulphur trloxido)
lbS:0- ! ~ IbO. I (
-> 21ISO ( IIM Reaction with Acetic Acid:
While SO ,- is not dissolved in water directly because 2( II t ( H )n< i p no‘m . >( aheo) 2 of /
( Acetic anhydride)
, ^ 2! ii>o. t ( M)

file reaction is hiehb exothermic. Reaction with KtlivI Alcohol:

in SO ; is los solu
is
ble
pro
in
duc
1
ed
U ) at high temperature.

whi ch doe s not eas ily con den se .

l IN )
.
( dl on
i » no , >
( Eth jno )
..
f d I l( j:i 2nnoi, 1
* .
,
nil A vien.
) se log '
uire d con cen trat ion cann ot he pre par ed .
Sulphuric acid of req
*— omplctc ami balance the following chemical equations:
(
j\ )

Describe “ King test *' for the confirmation of the pres enc e of nitra te ions in solu tion . ( i) n * No
(ii» NO C' b »
— >
dm IDS NO - ->
h i s used loi the con tinu atio n of nitra te rad ical s . In this test , to the aqueou

wal l of
s
tube
solu
. A
tion
dar k
x

-
* l
brow
salt, add freshly prepare

n ring is form ed at the ^ ( i\ > IMxN'O . )

.
. —> .*
I c S t ) ; solution. I hcn cone. 11 b
'
S < is add ed alon e-the insi de test (\ j N O * 11,0 —>
junction of two layers. ( v i) .
NO Ml SO i .
-
FeS ; N O
( ) r > FeS O . NO thro wn ring ) , ( x ii ) UNO , Mil >
( Nitrosoferrous Sulphate) ( M M) UNO • N i l . *
( IX) IINO , WO( Nlb ) > — f

the truth ol this stat eme nt .

givin g cxampjcs - —>
1 1. NO > is a strong oxidi / ing agent IVov e ^ (\ ) KNO , Il2SO i

BJS?
-. i fofrfc] i) •IP + 10 NO — / .
2 ISO > 5N ,

oxid i / es ll. S to sulphur, ferrous sulphate to ferric sulphate and KI to iodine. ii) 2 NO r Cb f 2NOC 1
and
\( ) is a strong oxid i / ing age nt
iii) II S f 2N0 *
— >
• 11,0 r N 0 ' S , •

() + S S NO :•
IBS, . - N lb r
(I) ( > 1> ( ( ) ( )
IV ) 2 Pb( N0.;): 21'hO - * '1N0 - O
•

2 FeSO; - IBSO: - NO; > I- e;( S04);{,. + IbOur „ o 2NO: IbO - > UNO, I 11NO,
,
i
di )
.1.11 1 1
«) 2N0 > 4 IbSO , NO! ISO ; • UNO,
-
> 2KNO -( ••i
'
2KL .. J , -
( i n) 2NO.*’if )
( Potassium Nitrite )
of 1IN0,
vii) 2HN0 -* .21II
UNO; t Nib
— > 21 bO i 2 NO
Nil sNO,
*• i:

Write down the chemical equations and nam es of the pro duc ts lorm ed as :i result of the reaction viii)
-.
fArr r coe:'’ N,?n:aj
1 2.
with arsenic am! antimony .
they he oxid ized to the ir cor res pon din tciels whe n reac t with CO P *
i\ > 2HNO! CO( NH:);
KNO • IbSOi . - 2N * CO. - 511.0
KI ISO UNO
Arsenic and amimoiiv are metalloids
Nitric acid.
can
..
( Pc * » v .-
'i r V z y j r , r, j prato;

As - 5 HNO- ! i \ O , • 5 NO * IbO
in W hat is laughing gas?
z
j
Arr - -'.: A . r. >
/7
Sb.., 5I 1-•r
NO . — -r ii Sb < ) . r 5 NO 'i
1
:
• •
0
r z.: \ . is mixed with little oxy gen if inha led for suft leic ntlN long time pnu lucy hys teri cal laug hter 11ms
» ^ .
Alien NO e is ,

13. ( Jive the methods of preparation of TOj.

yq
- Mi*
liere of CO and current o
it iv usually prepared by melting white pho sph oru s in a reto rt in an inert atm • V

chlorine is passed over it. i l.e vapours ; ! PCI are collected m

• a Jlasr, r.ept < i: an ice - i) ath
*,