St.

Wilfred’s school panvel

Physical Education on
Volleyball
2019-20

Submitted by submitted to
Chirag Sharma Naresh Thombare
ROLL NO- Physical Education Teacher
 St.Wilfred’s school panvel
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mast. Chirag Sharma, student of
class XII science has successfully completed the
project on volleyball under the guidance of Mr.
Naresh Thombare during the year 2019-20 in partial
fulfillment of physical education assignment
conducted by CBSE.
--------------- ---------------
Signature of candidate Signature of teacher
--------------- ---------------
Signature of principal Signature of External Examiner

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank my teacher, Mr.Naresh sir
for guiding me through this project and for their
valuable input which provide me with a constant
nudge for improvement.
It is imperative to thank our principal, Mrs.
Sachi jolly for providing me the opportunity to
work on this project.
It goes without saying that my parents have also
helped me in this project. My thanks also goes
out to them also.
This project and reading up on the same has
provided me with an in depth and understanding
of the topic it has nurtured my scientific
temperament and curiosity.

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 INDEX
 INTROCDUCTION 5-6
 COMMON ELEMENT 7-18
 HISTORY 19-22
 RULES & REGULATION FOR PLAYING 23-24
 RULESOFTHE GAME 25-32
 IMPORTANTTERMS 33-36
 FAMOUSVOLLEYBALLTOURNAMENT 37-43
 SOME INTERESTING & FACT OF VOLLEYBALL 44-47
 INTERNATIONALPLAYERS 48-49
 NATIONALPLAYERS 50-52
 NATIONAL AWARD AND RECIPIENTS 53-60

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 INTRODUCTION
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are
separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on
the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the
official program of the Summer Olympic Games since Tokyo 1964.
The complete set of rules are extensive, but play essentially proceeds as
follows: a player on one of the teams begins a 'rally' by serving the ball
(tossing or releasing it and then hitting it with a hand or arm), from
behind the back boundary line of the court, over the net, and into the
receiving team's court. The receiving team must not let the ball be
grounded within their court. The team may touch the ball up to 3 times,
but individual players may not touch the ball twice consecutively.
Typically, the first two touches are used to set up for an attack, an
attempt to direct the ball back over the net in such a way that the serving
team is unable to prevent it from being grounded in their court.

 causing the ball to touch the ground or floor outside the opponents'
court or without first passing over the net;
 catching and throwing the ball;
 double hit: two consecutive contacts with the ball made by the same
player;

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The ball is usually played with the hands or arms, but players can legally
strike or push (short contact) the ball with any part of the body.

A number of consistent techniques have evolved in volleyball,

including spiking and blocking (because these plays are made above the
top of the net, the vertical jump is an athletic skill emphasized in the
sport) as well as passing, setting, and specialized player positions and
offensive and defensive structures.

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 COMMON ELEMENTS

Skills
Competitive teams master six basic skills: serve, pass, set, attack,
block and dig. Each of these skills comprises a number of specific
techniques that have been introduced over the years and are now
considered standard practice in high-level volleyball.

1.Serve

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A player making a jump serves

A player stands behind the inline and serves the ball, in an attempt to
drive it into the opponent's court. The main objective is to make it land
inside the court; it is also desirable to set the ball's direction, speed and
acceleration so that it becomes difficult for the receiver to handle it
properly. A serve is called an "ace" when the ball lands directly onto the
court or travels outside the court after being touched by an opponent;
when the only player on the server's team to touch the ball is the server.
In contemporary volleyball, many types of serves are employed:

 Underhand: a serve in which the player strikes the ball below the
waist instead of tossing it up and striking it with an overhand
throwing motion. Underhand serves are considered very easy to
receive and are rarely employed in high-level competitions.
 Sky ball serve: a specific type of underhand serve occasionally used
in beach volleyball, where the ball is hit so high it comes down
almost in a straight line. This serve was invented and employed
almost exclusively by the Brazilian team in the early 1980s and is
now considered outdated. During the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de
Janeiro, however, the sky ball serve was extensively played by
Italian beach volleyball player Adrian Carambula. In Brazil, this
serve is called Jornada nas Estrelas (Star Trek)
 Topspin: an overhand serve where the player tosses the ball high and
hits it with a wrist snap, giving it topspin which causes it to drop
faster than it would otherwise and helps maintain a straight flight
path. Topspin serves are generally hit hard and aimed at a specific
returner or part of the court. Standing topspin serves are rarely used
above the high school level of play.
 Float: an overhand serve where the ball is hit with no spin so that its
path becomes unpredictable, akin to a knuckleball in baseball.
 Jump serve: an overhand serve where the ball is first tossed high in
the air, then the player makes a timed approach and jumps to make

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 contact with the ball, hitting it with much pace and topspin. This is
the most popular serve among college and professional teams.
 Jump float: an overhand serve where the ball is tossed high enough
that the player may jump before hitting it similarly to a standing float
serve. The ball is tossed lower than a topspin jump serve, but contact
is still made while in the air. This serve is becoming more popular
among college and professional players because it has a certain
unpredictability in its flight pattern. It is the only serve where the
server's feet can go over the inline.

2.Pass

A player making a forearm passes or bumps

Also called reception, the pass is the attempt by a team to properly
handle the opponent's serve or any form of attack. Proper handling
includes not only preventing the ball from touching the court but also
making it reaches the position where the setter is standing quickly and
precisely.

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The skill of passing involves fundamentally two specific techniques:
underarm pass, or bump, where the ball touches the inside part of the
joined forearms or platform, at waistline; and overhand pass, where it is
handled with the fingertips, like a set, above the head. Either are
acceptable in professional and beach volleyball; however, there are
much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball.

3. Set

Jump set
The set is usually the second contact that a team makes with the
ball. The main goal of setting is to put the ball in the air in such a way
that it can be driven by an attack into the opponent's court. The setter
coordinates the offensive movements of a team, and is the player who
ultimately decides which player will actually attack the ball.
As with passing, one may distinguish between an overhand and a bump
set. Since the former allows for more control over the speed and
direction of the ball, the bump is used only when the ball is so low it
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cannot be properly handled with fingertips or in beach volleyball where
rules regulating overhand setting are more stringent. In the case of a set,
one also speaks of a front or back set, meaning whether the ball is passed
in the direction the setter is facing or behind the setter. There is also a
jump set that is used when the ball is too close to the net. In this case, the
setter usually jumps off their right foot straight up to avoid going into
the net. The setter usually stands about ⅔ of the way from the left to the
right of the net and faces the left (the larger portion of net that he or she
can see).
Sometimes a setter refrains from raising the ball for a teammate to
perform an attack and tries to play it directly onto the opponent's court.
This movement is called a "dump". This can only be performed when
the setter is in the front row; otherwise it constitutes an illegal back court
attack. The most common dumps are to 'throw' the ball behind the setter
or in front of the setter to zones 2 and 4. More experienced setters toss
the ball into the deep corners or spike the ball on the second hit.
As with a set or an overhand pass, the setter/passer must be careful to
touch the ball with both hands at the same time. If one hand is noticeably
late to touch the ball this could result in a less effective set, as well as the
referee calling a 'double hit' and giving the point to the opposing team.

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4. Attack

The attack, also known as the spike, is usually the third contact a team
makes with the ball. The object of attacking is to handle the ball so that
it lands on the opponent's court and cannot be defended.A player makes
a series of steps (the "approach"), jumps, and swings at the ball.
Ideally, the contact with the ball is made at the apex of the hitter's jump.
At the moment of contact, the hitter's arm is fully extended above their
head and slightly forward, making the highest possible contact while
maintaining the ability to deliver a powerful hit. The hitter uses arm
swing, wrist snap, and a rapid forward contraction of the entire body to
drive the ball. A 'bounce' is a slang term for a very hard/loud spike that
follows an almost straight trajectory steeply downward into the
opponent's court and bounces very high into the air. A "kill" is the slang
term for an attack that is not returned by the other team thus resulting in
a point.
Contemporary volleyball comprises a number of attacking techniques:

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 Backcourt (or back row)/pipe attack: an attack performed by a back-
row player. The player must jump from behind the 3-meter line
before making contact with the ball, but may land in front of the 3-
meter line.
 Line and Cross-court Shot: refers to whether the ball flies in a straight
trajectory parallel to the sidelines, or crosses through the court in an
angle. A cross-court shot with a very pronounced angle, resulting in
the ball landing near the 3-meter line, is called a cut shot.
 Dip/Dink/Tip/Cheat/Dump: the player does not try to make a hit, but
touches the ball lightly, so that it lands on an area of the opponent's
court that is not being covered by the defence.
 Tool/Wipe/Block-abuse: the player does not try to make a hard spike,
but hits the ball so that it touches the opponent's block and then
bounces off-court.
 Off-speed hit: the player does not hit the ball hard, reducing its speed
and thus confusing the opponent's defence.
 Quick hit/"One": an attack (usually by the middle blocker) where the
approach and jump begin before the setter contacts the ball. The set
(called a "quick set") is placed only slightly above the net and the ball
is struck by the hitter almost immediately after leaving the setter's
hands. Quick attacks are often effective because they isolate the
middle blocker to be the only blocker on the hit.
 Slide: a variation of the quick hit that uses a low backset. The middle
hitter steps around the setter and hits from behind him or her.

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14
5.Block

Three players performing a block

Blocking refers to the actions taken by players standing at the net to stop
or alter an opponent's attack.
A block that is aimed at completely stopping an attack, thus making the
ball remain in the opponent's court, is called offensive. A well-executed
offensive block is performed by jumping and reaching to penetrate with
one's arms and hands over the net and into the opponent's area. It
requires anticipating the direction the ball will go once the attack takes
place. It may also require calculating the best footwork to executing the
"perfect" block.
The jump should be timed so as to intercept the ball's trajectory prior to
it crossing over the net. Palms are held deflected downward roughly 45–
60 degrees toward the interior of the opponents' court. A "roof" is a
spectacular offensive block that redirects the power and speed of the
attack straight down to the attacker's floor as if the attacker hit the ball
into the underside of a peaked house roof.

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By contrast, it is called a defensive or "soft" block if the goal is to
control and deflect the hard-driven ball up so that it slows down and
becomes easier to defend. A well-executed soft-block is performed by
jumping and placing one's hands above the net with no penetration into
the opponent's court and with the palms up and fingers pointing
backwards.
Blocking is also classified according to the number of players involved.
Thus, one may speak of single (or solo), double, or triple block.
Successful blocking does not always result in a "roof" and many times
does not even touch the ball. While it's obvious that a block was a
success when the attacker is roofed, a block that consistently forces the
attacker away from their 'power' or preferred attack into a more easily
controlled shot by the defence is also a highly successful block.
At the same time, the block position influences the positions where other
defenders place themselves while opponent hitters are spiking.

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6.Dig

Digging is the ability to prevent the ball from touching one's court after
a spike or attack, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground. In
many aspects, this skill is similar to passing, or bumping: overhand dig
and bump are also used to distinguish between defensive actions taken
with fingertips or with joined arms.[] It varies from passing however in
that is it a much more reflex based skill, especially at the higher levels. It
is especially important while digging for players to stay on their toes;
several players choose to employ a split step to make sure they're ready
to move in any direction.

Some specific techniques are more common in digging than in passing.

A player may sometimes perform a "dive", i.e., throw their body in the
air with a forward movement in an attempt to save the ball, and land on
their chest. When the player also slides their hand under a ball that is
almost touching the court, this is called a "pancake". The pancake is
frequently used in indoor volleyball, but rarely if ever in beach
volleyball because the uneven and yielding nature of the sand court
limits the chances that the ball will make good, clean contact with the

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hand. When used correctly, it is one of the more spectacular defensive
volleyball plays.

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 HISTORY
Origin of volleyball

William G. Morgan
In the winter of 1895, in Holyoke, Massachusetts (United
States), William G. Morgan, a YMCA physical education director,
created a new game called Mintonette, a name derived from the game
of badminton. as a pastime to be played (preferably) indoors and by any
number of players. The game took some of its characteristics from other
sports such as tennis and handball. Another indoor sport, basketball, was
catching on in the area, having been invented just ten miles (sixteen
kilometres) away in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts, only four
years before. Mintonette was designed to be an indoor sport, less rough

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than basketball, for older members of the YMCA, while still requiring a
bit of athletic effort.
The first rules, written down by William G Morgan, called for a net
6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high, a 25 ft × 50 ft (7.6 m × 15.2 m) court, and any
number of players. A match was composed of nine innings with three
serves for each team in each inning, and no limit to the number of ball
contacts for each team before sending the ball to the opponents' court. In
case of a serving error, a second try was allowed. Hitting the ball into
the nett was considered a foul (with loss of the point or a side-out)—
except in the case of the first-try serve.
After an observer, Alfred Halstead, noticed the volleying nature of the
game at its first exhibition match in 1896, played at the International
YMCA Training School (now called Springfield College), the game
quickly became known as volleyball (it was originally spelled as two
words: "volley ball"). Volleyball rules were slightly modified by the
International YMCA Training School and the game spread around the
country to various YMCAs.

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Refinements and later developments

Japanese American women playing volleyball, Manzoni internment

camp, California, ca. 1943
The first official ball used in volleyball is disputed; some sources
say Spalding created the first official ball in 1896, while others claim it
was created in 1900.The rules evolved over time: in 1916, in the
Philippines, the skill and power of the set and spike had been introduced,
and four years later a "three hits" rule and a rule against hitting from the
back row were established. In 1917, the game was changed from
requiring 21 points to win to a smaller 15 points to win. In 1919, about
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16,000 volleyballs were distributed by the American Expeditionary
Forces to their troops and allies, which sparked the growth of volleyball
in new countries.
The first country outside the United States to adopt volleyball was
Canada in 1900. An international federation, the Federation
Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), was founded in 1947, and the first
World Championships were held in 1949 for men and 1952 for
women. The sport is now popular in Brazil, in Europe (where especially
Italy, the Netherlands, and countries from Eastern Europe have been
major forces since the late 1980s), in Russia, and in other countries
including China and the rest of Asia, as well as in the United States.

A nudist/naturist volleyball game at the Sunny Trails Club during the

1958 Canadian Sunbathing Association (CSA) convention in British
Columbia, Canada
Beach volleyball, a variation of the game played on sand and with only
two players per team, became a FIVB-endorsed variation in 1987 and
was added to the Olympic program at the 1996 Summer
Olympics. Volleyball is also a sport at the Paralympics managed by
the World Organization Volleyball for Disabled.

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Rules & Regulations for Playing Volleyball

In volleyball, players work together to return the ball over the net in
three hits or fewer, without letting the ball touches the ground. The USA
Volleyball and International Federation of Volleyball rule books provide
the standard rules for competitive men’s and women’s volleyball in the
United States.

Court
The standard competitive volleyball court measures 59 feet long by 29.6
feet wide. The center line runs under the net, dividing the court into two
equal sides. An attack line runs 9 feet, 10 inches behind the net on each
side of the court. The attack line divides the front and back zones. The
net measures 8 feet, 11 5/8 inches tall for standard men’s competition
and 7 feet, 4 1/8 inches tall for standard women’s competition, according
to the USA Volleyball and International Federation of Volleyball rule
books.

Players
Both teams must have six players on the court to begin play. Players
follow the proper rotational order through each set. Players rotate
between six positions on the court, including three back-row positions
behind the attack line and three front-row positions in front of the attack
line. Each time a team gains the right to serve, its players must rotate
one position clockwise. Once the server contacts the ball, players can
move out of their rotational positions to play the point. Players in a
back-row position must not attack the ball above the net and in front of
the attack line, however.

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Serve
Team captains complete a coin toss before the game to determine the
team that will serve first. The player in the back right position in the
rotation serves the ball. To serve, players must stand behind the court’s
end line and hit the ball out of the air. If the serve hits the net or lands
out of bounds, the server’s team loses the point. The same player
continues to serve until his team loses a point. When a team loses a point
on its serve, the other team gains the right to serve.

Play
Teams must return the ball over the net in three hits or fewer. Blocks do
not count toward the team’s hit total. If one player hits the ball twice in
succession or contacts the ball illegally by palming, catching or throwing it, her
team loses the point. If a back-row player attacks the ball illegally, his team loses
the point. If any player touches the net or net posts, her team loses the point. Teams
win points when the opposing team commits a violation, fails to return the ball
over the net, lets the ball touch the ground inbounds or hits the ball into the net or
out of bounds.

Scoring
Teams can win points on their own serve and on their opponent’s serve, according
to the USA Volleyball and International Federation of Volleyball rule books. The
first team to win 25 points with a two-point lead wins the set. The first team to win
three sets wins the match. If the match goes to a fifth set, the first team to win 15
points with a two-point lead wins the set and the match.

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Rules of the game
The court dimensions
A volleyball court is 9 m × 18 m (29.5 ft × 59.1 ft), divided into equal
square halves by a net with a width of one meter (39.4 in). The top of the
net is 2.43 m (7 ft 11 11⁄16 in) above the center of the court for men's
competition, and 2.24 m (7 ft 4 3⁄16 in) for women's competition, varied
for veterans and junior competitions.

The minimum height clearance for indoor volleyball courts is 7 m

(23.0 ft), although a clearance of 8 m (26.2 ft) is recommended.

A line 3 m (9.8 ft) from and parallel to the net is considered the "attack
line". This "3 meter" (or "10-foot") line divides the court into "back
row" and "front row" areas (also back court and front court).These are in
turn divided into 3 areas each: these are numbered as follows, starting
from area "1", which is the position of the serving player:

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After a team gains the serve (also known as siding out), its members
must rotate in a clockwise direction, with the player previously in area
"2" moving to area "1" and so on, with the player from area "1" moving
to area "6". Each player rotates only one time after the team gains
possession of the service; the next time each player rotates will be after
the other team wins possession of the ball and loses the point.

The team courts are surrounded by an area called the free zone which is
a minimum of 3 meters wide and which the players may enter and play
within after the service of the ball. All lines denoting the boundaries of
the team court and the attack zone are drawn or painted within the
dimensions of the area and are therefore a part of the court or zone. If a
ball comes in contact with the line, the ball is considered to be "in". An
antenna is placed on each side of the nett perpendicular to the sideline
and is a vertical extension of the side boundary of the court. A ball
passing over the net must pass completely between the antennae (or their
theoretical extensions to the ceiling) without contacting them.
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Game play

White is on the attack while red attempts to block.

Each team consists of six players. To get play started, a team is chosen
to serve by coin toss. A player from the serving team throws the ball into
the air and attempts to hit the ball so it passes over the net on a course
such that it will land in the opposing team's court (the serve). The
opposing team must use a combination of no more than three contacts
with the volleyball to return the ball to the opponent's side of the net.
These contacts usually consist first of the bump or pass so that the ball's
trajectory is aimed towards the player designated as the setter; second of
the set (usually an over-hand pass using wrists to push finger-tips at the
ball) by the setter so that the ball's trajectory is aimed towards a spot
where one of the players designated as an attacker can hit it, and third by
the attacker who spikes (jumping, raising one arm above the head and

27
hitting the ball so it will move quickly down to the ground on the
opponent's court) to return the ball over the net.The team with
possession of the ball that is trying to attack the ball as described is said
to be on offence.

The team on defence attempts to prevent the attacker from directing the
ball into their court: players at the net jump and reach above the top (and
if possible, across the plane) of the net to block the attacked ball. If the
ball is hit around, above, or through the block, the defensive players
arranged in the rest of the court attempt to control the ball with a dig
(usually a fore-arm pass of a hard-driven ball). After a successful dig,
the team transitions to offence.

The game continues in this manner, rallying back and forth until the ball
touches the court within the boundaries or until an error is made. The
most frequent errors that are made are either to fail to return the ball
over the net within the allowed three touches, or to cause the ball to land
outside the court A ball is "in" if any part of it touches the inside of a
team's court or a sideline or end-line, and a strong spike may compress
the ball enough when it lands that a ball which at first appears to be
going out may actually be in. Players may travel well outside the court
to play a ball that has gone over a sideline or end-line in the air.

Other common errors include a player touching the ball twice in

succession, a player "catching" the ball, a player touching the net while
attempting to play the ball, or a player penetrating under the net into the
opponent's court. There are a large number of other errors specified in
the rules, although most of them are infrequent occurrences. These
errors include back-row or liberos players spiking the ball or blocking
(back-row players may spike the ball if they jump from behind the attack
line), players not being in the correct position when the ball is served,
attacking the serve in the frontcourt and above the height of the net,
using another player as a source of support to reach the ball, stepping
over the back boundary line when serving, taking more than 8 seconds to
serve,or playing the ball when it is above the opponent's court

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Scoring

A point is scored when the ball contacts the floor within the court
boundaries or when an error is made: when the ball strikes one team's
side of the court, the other team gains a point; and when an error is
made, the team that did not make the error is awarded a point, in either
case paying no regard to whether they served the ball or not. If any part
of the ball hits the line, the ball is counted as in the court. The team that
won the point serves for the next point. If the team that won the point
served in the previous point, the same player serves again. If the team
that won the point did not serve the previous point, the players of the
team acquiring the serve rotate their position on the court in a clockwise
manner. The game continues, with the first team to score 25 points by a
two-point margin awarded the set. Matches are best-of-five sets and the
fifth set, if necessary, is usually played to 15 points. (Scoring differs
between leagues, tournaments, and levels; high schools sometimes play
best-of-three to 25; in the NCAA matches are played best-of-five to 25
as of the 2008 season.)

Before 1999, points could be scored only when a team had the serve
(side-out scoring) and all sets went up to only 15 points. The FIVB
changed the rules in 1999 (with the changes being compulsory in 2000)
to use the current scoring system (formerly known as rally point system),
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primarily to make the length of the match more predictable and to make
the game more spectator- and television-friendly.

The final year of side-out scoring at the NCAA Division I Women's

Volleyball Championship was 2000. Rally point scoring debuted in
2001, and games were played to 30 points through 2007. For the 2008
season, games were renamed "sets" and reduced to 25 points to win.
Most high schools in the U.S. changed to rally scoring in 2003, and
several states implemented it the previous year on an experimental basis.

Libero
The libero player was introduced internationally in 1998, and made its
debut for NCAA competition in 2002. The libero is a player specialized
in defensive skills: the libero must wear a contrasting jersey color from
their teammates and cannot block or attack the ball when it is entirely
above net height. When the ball is not in play, the libero can replace any
back-row player, without prior notice to the officials. This replacement
does not count against the substitution limit each team is allowed per set,
although the libero may be replaced only by the player whom he or she
replaced. Most U.S. high schools added the libero position from 2003 to
2005.

The modern-day libero often takes on the role of a second setter. When
the setter digs the ball, the libero is typically responsible for the second
ball and sets to the front row attacker. The libero may function as a setter
only under certain restrictions. To make an overhand set, the libero must
be standing behind (and not stepping on) the 3-meter line; otherwise, the
ball cannot be attacked above the net in front of the 3-meter line. An
underhand pass is allowed from any part of the court.

The libero is, generally, the most skilled defensive player on the team.
There is also a libero tracking sheet, where the referees or officiating
team must keep track of whom the libero subs in and out for. Under

30
FIVB rules, two liberos are designated at the beginning of the play, only
one of whom can be on the court at any time.

Furthermore, a libero is not allowed to serve, according to international

rules. NCAA rules for both men and women differ on this point; a 2004
rule change allows the libero to serve, but only in a specific rotation.
That is, the libero can only serve for one person, not for all of the people
for whom he or she goes in. That rule change was also applied to high
school and junior high play soon after.

Recent rule changes

Other rule changes enacted in 2000 include allowing serves in which the
ball touches the net, as long as it goes over the net into the opponents'
court. Also, the service area was expanded to allow players to serve
from anywhere behind the end line but still within the theoretical

31
extension of the sidelines. Other changes were made to lighten up calls
on faults for carries and double-touches, such as allowing multiple
contacts by a single player ("double-hits") on a team's first contact
provided that they are a part of a single play on the ball.

In 2008, the NCAA changed the minimum number of points needed to

win any of the first four sets from 30 to 25 for women's volleyball
(men's volleyball remained at 30 for another 3 years, switching to 25 in
2011.) If a fifth (deciding) set is reached, the minimum required score
remains at 15. In addition, the word "game" is now referred to as "set".

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 Important terms
 Freefall
An easy ball that is returned over the net by a forearm or
overhead pass. This ball is called free because it’s a free opportunity
to pass, set, and attack the opponent.
 Pepper
Peppering is a warming up drill between two players.
The players hit the ball back and forth to one another using
the main skills in volleyball – pass, set, and hit. This is a
common warm up drill because all you need is a ball and two
players. No volleyball net necessary.
 Sideout
The side out is one of the basic volleyball terms used in old
school volleyball. Today, a side out is called, "point on serve
receive". In the olden days, when the team that receives the serve
wins the rally, this is called a sideout. When a team sides out, they
must rotate and the right front player is now the new server.

 Offensive Systems
Four-twooffense
A volleyball offensive system that includes 4 hitters and 2 setters. The
two setters play opposite one another in the rotation and each set when
they are front row players. The 4-2 has the advantage of always having
the setter on the front row. The 4-2 has the disadvantage of only having
two hitters on the front row for the setter to set at the net.

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 Five-oneoffense
A volleyball offensive system that includes 5 hitters and 1
setter. The setter sets in every rotation. The 5-1 has the advantage
of always having the same setter set. 5-1 has the disadvantage of
only having two hitters on the front row when the setter rotates to
the front row and sets in those 3 rotations.
 Six-twooffense
A volleyball offensive system that includes 6 hitters and 2
setters. The two setters play opposite one another in the rotation
and each set when they are on the back row. The 6-2 has the
advantage of always having a setter set coming from the back row.
This leaves the other setter on front row free to attack the ball. The
disadvantage of the 6-2 is this offensive system is the setter can’t
attack at the net. Passers also need to be careful they don’t pass the
ball too tight because this puts the setter at risk for illegal back row
blocks and illegal back row attacks.
 CourtStrongSide
The left side of the court is often referred to as strong side
because it’s usually easier for right handed players to attack for the
left side.
 CourtWeakSide
The right side of the court is often referred to as weak side
because it’s usually less effective for right handed players to attack
for the right side

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 Terms for Contacting the Ball
Here are more basic volleyball terms for attacking
 Spike
A volleyball serve is an offensive action a player makes by
hitting the ball with the hand by using a one-arm overhead
swinging motion, attempting to get a kill.
 Dig
A defensive player making a play on a ball that is attacked by
the opponent. A dig is a defensive play made on a hard driven ball.
 Doublecontactordouble
A double contact is when a player contacts the ball with two
body parts consecutively.
 Mishit
A mishit is when a player swings and hits the ball but doesn’t
contact the ball as intended. The result of a mishit is the ball is hit
at a different speed, direction, or spin than was intended which
results in an unpredictable hit placement.
 Shank
A shank is when a player unintentionally passes a ball in a wild
manner, making the ball unplayable for the setter to make a play
on the shanked pass.
 Dump
An attack that is used to surprise the opponent. This
play is usually executed by a front row setter. The attack
catches the opponent’s defense usually is ready for an
attack from the setter because the setter’s main job is to
set attackers. Be alert of when you are up against left

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 hander setters because this is a play that left handed
players are in good position to make.

 Pancake
The pancake is a desperate attempt to keep the ball in play. A
pancake is done by extending the arm out in front the body after
diving. The goal is to get the ball to bounce up off the hand to
make it stay in play.
 Skyball
The sky ball is a unique underhand volleyball serve in which the
ball is swung at and hit unusually high in the air above the
opposing team's court. This is usually done in outdoor volleyball,
attempting to make it difficult for the receiving players to pass.

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Volleyball Tournaments List: Important National
Beach & Summer Volleyball Tournaments
List of Volleyball Tournaments: Volleyball is one of the most
popular games in India as well as in the world. The game involves some
serious techniques and stamina. Volleyball can be played in several
different grounds like beaches, normal courts and even in mud pits too

Sometimes the tournaments are funny too. And the main motto of the
tournaments are also to have fun and also to find out the real talent. The
physical fitness and also the concentration is increased by these sports.
People come to watch volleyball matches tournaments from all over the
world and they obviously expect that they will be the witness of
something very effective in the tournament

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Famous Volleyball Tournaments in World
 The Manhattan Six Volleyball Tournament

This tournament takes place during the International Surf Festival in

Manhattan Beach in California. It is arranged in the time of late July and
early August every year and named after the godfather of Beach
volleyball, Charlie Saikley. And this tournament is a reason for our
terms of fans to come over in this place at that time of the year. It is a six
on six volleyball tournament and it is divided for both men and women
and also it is included in Manhattan’s biggest festival.

Beach volleyball is always the bliss for the volleyball lovers and
Manhattan is a place to relish the pleasure to see one. All the other
competitions are also held in this festival but the main attraction is the
volleyball tournament itself. it is also known as Charlie Saikley 6-Man

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Beach volleyball tournament. 13 years ago this man was passed away
and from that time this tournament is being played to give tribute to him.

Rosarito Mexico Volleyball Tournament

The Mexico International is also known as Estero Beach Volleyball

tournament. It is celebrated in Baja in Mexico in the month of June in
every year. A lot of professional as well as amateur players take part in
this tournament. It is the largest Beach volleyball tournament in the
world where all types of people including men and women take part
from all over the world. Baja in Mexico is a very short trip from the
south of San Diego where every year this Grand event takes place.

This tournament was arranged for the first time in 1974 in Estero beach
and from that time the professionals, as well as the beginners, also come
to participate in this tournament just to have fun. Generally, this
tournament happens in the last week of June every year. it is the biggest
summer volleyball tournament on the beach

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  Mudd Volleyball Tournament

It is a bit unusual in painting the world in which the game is played in

the mud pit in spite of playing in the sand. It is played with co-ed teams
of 12 people. It takes place in Albuquerque New Mexico. This
tournament helps Carrie Tingley Hospital Foundation and drugs so many
spectators every year in June.

Does it look dirty but it also looks so much fun and philanthropic as
well. rule in this tournament that every player has to be of 18 years old
to jump in the mud. Every team player 5 Round Robin games with rally
scoring and weather permitting. Here 13 have to be co-ed in which half
of the players have to be female. This game totally supports some
underprivileged children and their family through the support to Carrie
Tingley Hospital Foundation.

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 The Power Cup Volleyball Tournament

The Power Cup takes place in Finland every year and it is a youth
volleyball tournament. Among all the youth volleyball tournaments it is
one of the biggest in the world. More than 8500 participants from the
age group 7 to 22 take part in this tournament which is celebrated in
Different cities of Finland each year.

This tournament is played in 300 outdoor venues in which almost 4500

games are played in just 4 days span. Almost 200 clubs join this
tournament with 10000 participants. It is a great step to promote the
junior tournaments in volleyball. this tournament is always arranged the
first week of June after the school is over and it goes on 4 days from
Thursday to Sunday normally.

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  The A1 Beach Volleyball Tournament

Not only California but also Europe has a very nice beach volleyball
tournament in its pocket. This beach volleyball tournament takes place
in Klagenwurth in Austria every year and draws so many spectators. It is
actually included in Vienna major tournament. the beach volleyball
tournaments are popular in every way and in every corner of the world.
People really enjoy this to watch as well as to play.

Almost 180000 people come to Vienna to witness this grand event every
year. Austria has some very good beaches which are perfect for a beach
volleyball championship and also the weather condition is very
favorable in this country and because of that the beach volleyball
tournament is a big hit here. so many people come here to enjoy some of
the days of their life by watching The Spectacular gameplay with the
best players in the world in a country like Austria.

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Volleyball is a game which can be played anywhere anytime and
because of this, it is one of the most popular sports in the world. so many
tournaments take place throughout the world of Volleyball and those are
really very enjoyable to the people who don’t understand sports rules
much. So IIT gained its name so many people so craziness to this game.
People dream for a beach volleyball tournament to play and to see and
these tournaments listed here are there to fulfill their dream.

Throughout the world, there are so many tournaments happen every year
in the summertime as well as wintertime. But summertime is the best for
such kind of tournaments as it gives some rejuvenating energy to the
people who play and also the visitors too. So this was a list of five
famous volleyball tournaments in the world for which people go crazy
every year.

There are some Volleyball tournaments which are played in different

cities of USA such as Chicago, Kansas, Orlando, & Las Vegas.

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 Some Interesting & Fun Facts about
Volleyball

Volleyball is one of the most widely played sports all over the world that

is enjoyed by both men and women. It is also among the most played

school sports as it challenges the players both physically and mentally.

Here are some interesting facts about the sport of volleyball

 The first 2-man beach volleyball game was actually played

in the year 1930.

 The first Volleyball World Championships were organized

for men in 1949 and for women in 1952.

 The game of volleyball was introduced for the first time in

Olympics in the year 1964.

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 The first specially designed ball made for the sport of

volleyball was created in the year 1900.

 Most players in a volleyball match jump around 300 times

in a particular game.

 The longest recorded game of volleyball was played in

Kingston, North Carolina. The game went on for 75 hours

and 30 minutes.

 Volleyball is currently the 2nd most popular form of sport

in the world today and is exceeded only by the game of

soccer.

 A game of volleyball is played by two teams each having

six players.
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 While the list of volleyball facts, rules and regulations

associated with the sport is extensive, the basic rules imply

that the players are supposed to prevent the ball from

hitting the ground on their own court by only touching the

ball three times albeit by different players.

 Faults are calculated on double hits by a single player, four

consecutive hits at the same time, touching the net while

playing, throwing the ball after catching it and the foot

crossing the boundary line while playing.

 Beach volleyball is a more glamorous version of the court

game and is usually played by 3 or 4 players on a given

side. The game of beach volleyball was included as part of

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 the Olympics from the year 1996 for both men as well as

women.

 During a match held in the Philippines in 1916, the notable

skills of spike and set were originated.

 Volleyball was presented as an unofficial sports event in

the 1924 Paris Olympics.

 The FIVB or Federation Internationale de Volleyball was

founded in 1947 which made volleyball an official game.

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 INTERNATIONAL PLAYERS
 Karch Kiraly (USA men’s)

Karch Kiraly (who was named 'Greatest Volleyball Player of the

Century' by FIVB, the international governing body) is the most
recognized recent volleyball player in the world and arguably the best
player ever lived.

Kiraly retired his successful career in 2007 as three-time Olympic gold

medalist (1984, 1988 indoor champion; 1996 beach volleyball
champion).

Karch Kiraly is the only player who has won both indoor and beach
volleyball Olympic gold medal – and perhaps will be the only player
ever to reach gold medal in both sports.
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  Giba (Brazil men's)
Giba is arguably the most recognized volleyball player among the fans
all over the world. Giba and his superb Brazilian men’s national team
have virtually won everything since year 2001. His charisma and energy
combined with the finest volleyball skills make him likable player
everywhere.

Giba is a fairly short outside hitter (192 cm, 6'4) in today’s volleyball,
but replaces the missing reach with great skills and leadership which
have contributed to make the Brazilian National Team of 2000's .

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 National player
 Jimmy George (8 March 1955 in Peravoor – 30 November 1987)
is often considered one of the greatest volleyball players of all time
and was a member of India men's national volleyball team. He was
the first Indian volleyball player to become professional and
played club volleyball in Italy. He is brother-in-law of the
Olympian Anju Bobby George.

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  Gurinder Singh (born 2 march 1989), known as Gurinder
is the current captain of India men's national volleyball team. He
currently plays for Ahmedabad Defenders in Pro Volleyball
League

Early life
Gurinder Singh was born on 2 march 1989 at Chandigarh, Punjab.
Having noticed by SAI Coach Mohan Nargeta with a talent for
volleyball, he started his national career in 2004. Because of his national
level recognition, he was rewarded with a job in Punjab Police
Department as Officer

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  Manidurai Naveen Raja Jacob (born 10 January 1989),
known as Naveen is an integral part of current India men's national
volleyball team. He currently plays for Chennai Spartans in Pro
Volleyball League.

Early life
Manidurai Naveen Raja Jacob was born on January 10, 1989 at
Sundankottai village, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu. Having noticed
by his brother with a talent for volleyball, he started playing from 2003.
On 2007, he got national attention when his Vijayawada team won
National championship. Because of his national level recognition, he
was rewarded with a job in Indian overseas bank in 2007.

Professional life
Naveen Jacob is integral part of India men's national volleyball team. He
wears number 18 jersey and plays in the position of
Opposite/setter.Manidurai Naveen Raja Jacob has also captained Tamil
Nadu Volleyball Team.

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NATIONAL AWARDS AND RECIPIENTS
Off the Block each college men’s volleyball season presents a variety of
player and media awards to recognize outstanding individual
performances. Check out the annual national awards organized by Off
the Block and the award recipients

 LLOY BALL AWARD

The Lloy Ball Award is given to the nation’s best setter in NCAA
Division I-II men’s volleyball during the regular season. The
annual award is named after the former U.S. Olympic gold
medalist and IPFW All-American setter Lloy Ball and is selected
by a nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball
coaches and media members.
winners: 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award watch list: 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2014-18
 BRYAN IVIE AWARD
The Bryan Ivie Award is given to the nation’s best opposite in
NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball during the regular season.
The annual award is named after the former U.S. Olympian and
USC All-American opposite Bryan Ivie and is selected by a
nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball coaches
and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2015
Award winners: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 2018

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 Award watch list: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2015-18
 KARCH KIRALY AWARD
The Karch Kiraly Award is given to the nation’s best outside
attacker in NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball during the regular
season. The annual award is named after the former U.S. Olympic
gold medalist and UCLA All-American outside attacker and is
selected by a nationwide voting committee of college men’s
volleyball coaches and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2015
Award winners: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award watch list: 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2015-18
 ERIK SHOJI AWARD
The Erik Shoji Award is given to the nation’s best libero in NCAA
Division I-II men’s volleyball during the regular season. The
annual award is named after the current U.S. starting libero and
former Stanford All-American libero Erik Shoji and is selected by
a nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball coaches
and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2016
Award winners: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award watch list: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2016-18

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 RYAN MILLAR AWARD
The Ryan Millar Award is given to the nation’s best middle
attacker in NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball during the regular
season. The annual award is named after former BYU All-
American and U.S. Olympian Ryan Millar and is selected by a
nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball coaches
and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2016
Award winners: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award watch list: 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2016-18
 NATIONAL BLOCKER OF THE YEAR
The National Blocker of the Year is annually
awarded to the NCAA Division I-II men’s
volleyball player with the best front-row
defensive performance during the regular
season. This was the first national award
organized by Off the Block and each year is
selected by a nationwide voting committee of
college men’s volleyball coaches and media
members.
Inaugural year of award: 2011
Award
winners: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016
| 2017 | 2018
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 Award
finalists: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2011-18
 NATIONAL SERVER OF THE YEAR
The National Server of the Year recognizes the top individual
serving performance from a NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball
player during the regular season. The annual award is selected by a
nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball coaches
and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2013
Award winners: 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2013-16
 DIVISION II NATIONAL PLAYER OF
THE YEAR
The Division II National Player of the year is given to the nation’s
best player on a NCAA Division II men’s volleyball team during
the regular season. A nationwide voting committee of coaches and
media members select the winner of the award.
Inaugural year of award: 2017
Award winners: 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2017 | 2018

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 INTERNATIONAL PLAYER OF THE
YEAR
The International Player of the Year is presented to the best non-
U.S. born player in NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball during
the regular season. The award is selected by a nationwide voting
committee of college men’s volleyball coaches and media
members.
Inaugural year of award: 2017
Award winners: 2017 | 2018
Award finalists: 2017 | 2018
 DAIN BLANTON DIVERSITY AWARD
The Dain Blanton Diversity Award recognizes the top NCAA
Division I-II men’s volleyball player during the regular season of a
minority ethnicity. The annual national award is after former
Pepperdine outside attacker and Olympic gold medalist Dain
Blanton and is determined by a nationwide voting committee of
college men’s volleyball coaches and media members.
Inaugural year of award: 2019
Award winners: N/A
Award finalists: N/A
 OFF THE BLOCK/SPRINGBAK, INC.
FRESHMEN ALL-AMERICAN TEAM
The Off the Block/Springbak, Inc. Freshmen All-American Team
honors the top NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball freshmen
players during the regular season. This is the only Freshmen All-
American presented in college men’s volleyball and it selected by
a nationwide voting committee of college men’s volleyball coaches
and media members.

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 Inaugural year of award: 2014
Award winners: 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
 PRESEASON ALL-AMERICAN
TEAMS (NCAA DIVISION I-II)
The Preseason All-American Teams recognizes the NCAA
Division I-II men’s volleyball players projected to be the best in
the nation during the upcoming season. The preseason honors are
annually released in December and selected by a nationwide voting
committee of college men’s volleyball coaches and media
members.
Inaugural year of award: 2012
Award
winners: 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
Complete voting results: 2012-18
 PRESEASON ALL-AMERICAN
TEAMS (NCAA DIVISION III)
The Preseason All-American Teams recognizes the NCAA
Division III men’s volleyball players projected to be the best in the
nation during the upcoming season. The preseason honors are
annually released in December and selected by a nationwide voting
committee of college men’s volleyball coaches and media
members.
Inaugural year of award: 2014
Award winners: 2014 | 2015 | 2017

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  FAN CHOICE NATIONAL PLAYER OF
THE YEAR
The Fan Choice Player of the Year is an annual bracket-style
tournament that recognizes the best individual performances from
NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball players during the season
and gives volleyball fans from around the world the chance to
decide the winner through online voting. The online contest takes
place on the Off the Block website each year in May.
Inaugural year of award: 2011
Award
winners: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
 NATIONAL FRESHMAN OF THE WEEK
The off the Block/Springbak, Inc. National Freshman of the Week
is presented to the NCAA Division I-II men’s volleyball freshman
who had the most outstanding performance during the week. The
award is presented each Monday during the regular season and is
selected by Off the Block with conferences, teams and fans having
the opportunity to nominate players for the award.
Inaugural year of award: 2014
Award winners: 2014 recipients | 2015 recipients | 2016
recipients | 2017 recipients | 2018 recipients

MEDIA AWARDS
 BESTMEN’S VOLLEYBALL ONLINE
COVERAGE OF THE YEAR
This annual national award is presented to the college newspaper
that provides the best men’s volleyball online coverage during the
regular season. Off the Block conducts a season-long analysis of
the online coverage for NCAA men’s volleyball on college
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 newspaper websites from around the nation and selects the winner
in April.
Inaugural year of award: 2011
Award
winners: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017
Award
finalists: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017
 CONFERENCE REPORTERS OF THE
YEAR
The Off the Block Men’s Volleyball Conference Reporters of the
Year recognizes the best college newspaper reporters covering
teams in the EIVA, MIVA and MPSF. Each season Off the Block
conducts an analysis of men’s volleyball coverage in college and
professional newspapers from around the nation and selects the
winners in April.
Inaugural year of award: 2011
Award winners: 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016

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