AUTOMATION:

Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed with

minimal or reduced human assistance with improvement in quality.

It is concerned with application of mechanical, electronic and computer based

systems to operate and control the process parameters.

TYPES OF AUTOMATION:
The automation can be classified into three basic types.
They are:
1. Fixed automation
2. Flexible automation
3. Programmable automation

PRODUCT MANUFACTURED BY ADVANCED MANUFACTURING

TECHNOLOGY:

WHEEL RIM:

TYPES OF AUTOMATION:
The wheel rims are usually manufactured either by programmable automation or by
flexible automation.
FLOW CHART:

RAW MELTING DEGASSING

MATERIALS

NOT LOW
X-RAY TESTING
OK PRESSURE
DIE CASTING

HEAT
OK TREATMENT

WHEEL AIR LEAK CNC

BLALANCING TESTING MACHINING

PAINTING PACKING DISPATCH

MATERIAL USED:
Car rims can be made from several materials. Each material used in a car rim can
affect its weight, strength, durability and finish. Quality materials will also drive up
the cost of a rim.

1. STEEL WHEELS:
Steel wheels have been standard on most low-cost vehicles for decades and
dominated before alloy rims became cheaper to produce. Steel – an alloy of
iron and carbon - is a harder metal than most other wheel materials, but this
strength brings with it an increase in weight when compared to the likes of
aluminium.
2. ALLOYS:
The alloys are based on an aluminium or magnesium construction mixed with
Nickel, alloy wheels provide a much lighter package when compared with a
steel wheel of the same strength and can be cast in full by pouring molten
allow into a pre-made mould.
3. MULTI-PIECE WHEELS:
Most famously manufactured by BBS, wheels can be constructed from either
two or three basic components. Two-piece wheels are made up of the wheel
face (or centres) and the rim (or barrel), fastened together by rim screws that
circulate around the circumference of the wheel centre. A ring of sealant is
then applied to the join to further secure the sections together.
Three-piece wheels take it a step further, dividing the wheel rim in two to
allow for a degree of adjustability in wheel width. All of this faff makes multi-
piece wheels inherently heavier and slightly weaker than single-piece variants,
but companies like BBS have developed a ‘rolled rim’ feature that brings the
strength levels of its multi-piece wheels up to within reach of even single-
piece forged wheels by tempering the once-weaker metal.

QUALITY CONTROL:
Wheels are one of the core components of any automobile. Manufacturers need to
ensure the quality of wheels by conducting various inspections.

The inspections are carried with the help of

 IR cameras:

 X-ray scanning:

 Wheel balancer:
ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION IN RIMS:
 It produces more quality products in a short span.
 It reduces the percentage error.
 Increases accuracy thereby reducing wheel failure.
 It reduces labour cost.
 Greatly increases the production.
 Thereby contributing to the growth of the company.
LIMITATIONS:
 It has high capital investment.
 The maintenance is high.
 Skilled labours are required to operate machinery.
 It increases un-employability.