ISE 362 HOMEWORK TWO Due Date: Tuesday 9/15

1. A product developer is interested in reducing the drying time of primer paint. Two
formulations of the paint are tested; formulation A is the standard chemistry, and
formulation B has a new drying ingredient that should reduce the drying time. From
experience, it is known that the population standard deviation of drying time is σ = 8
minutes, and this inherent variability should be unaffected by the addition of the new
ingredient. Also, measurements of this type are known to follow a normal distribution.
Ten specimens are painted with formulation A, and another ten specimens are painted
with formulation B. The two sample average drying times are xA_bar = 121 minutes and
xB_bar = 112 minutes. What conclusions can the product developer draw about the
effectiveness of the new ingredient, using α = 0.05?

Parameters of interest:

Null Hypothesis H0:

Alternative Ha:

Test Statistic:

Reject Region:

Calculate:

Decision:

P-value:
2. An experiment was performed to compare the abrasive wear of two different high
pressure laminated materials. Twelve pieces of Formica were tested by exposing each
piece to a machine measuring wear. Ten pieces of Wilsonart were similarly tested. In
each case, the depth of wear was observed. The samples of Formica gave an average
(coded) wear of 85 units with a sample standard deviation of 4 units, while the samples
of Wilsonart gave an average of 81 and a sample standard deviation of 5. Can you
conclude at the α = 0.05 level of significance that the abrasive wear of Formica exceeds
that of Wilsonart by more than 2 units? Assume the populations were found to be
approximately normal.

Parameters of interest:

Null Hypothesis H0:

Alternative Ha:

Test Statistic:

Reject Region:

Calculate:

Decision:

P-value:
3. A mechanical engineer wishes to compare strength properties of steel beams with
similar beams made with a particular alloy. The same number of beams, n, of each type
will be tested. Each beam will be set in a horizontal position with a support on each end,
a force of 2,500 lb. will be applied at the center, and the deflection will be measured.
From past experience with such beams, the engineer is willing to assume that the true
standard deviation of deflection for both types of beam is σ = 0.05 in. Because the alloy
is more expensive, the engineer wishes to test at level α = 0.01 whether it has smaller
average deflection than the steel beam. What value of n is appropriate if the desired type
II error probability is 0.05 when the difference in true average deflection favors the
alloy by 0.04 in?

Ans:

4. In an experiment designed to study the effects of illumination level on task

performance, subjects were required to insert a fine-tipped probe into the eyeholes of
ten needles in rapid succession both for a low light level with black background and a
higher level with a white background. Each data value is the time (sec) required to
complete the task.
Subject
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Black 25.0 42.0 27.5 26.5 25.0 30.5 26.5 21.0 32.0
White 16.5 25.0 24.5 19.5 16.0 20.5 18.0 19.5 22.0
d= 8.5 17.0 3.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 8.5 1.5 10.0
Does the data indicate that the higher level of illumination yields a decrease of more
than 5 sec in true average task completion time? Test the appropriate hypotheses using a
level of significance level α = 0.05.
Parameter:
Null Hypothesis:
Alternative Hypothesis:
Test Statistic:

Reject Region:

Calculate:

Decision:

P-value:
5. Two types of instruments for measuring the amount of sulfur monoxide in the
atmosphere are being compared in an air-pollution experiment. (Sulfur monoxide, SO,
is only found as a dilute gas phase. When concentrated or condensed, it converts to S2O2
(sometimes called disulfur dioxide)). It is desired to determine whether the two types of
instruments yield measurements having the same variability. Listed below are the
readings recorded for the two instruments. Assuming the populations of measurements
to be normally distributed, test the hypothesis that the variance in measurements for the
two instruments are equal at a level of significance of α = 0.10.

Instrument A Instrument B

0.86 0.82 0.75 0.61 0.65 0.87 0.74 0.63 0.55 0.76

0.89 0.64 0.81 0.68 0.74 0.70 0.69 0.57 0.53

Parameters of interest:

Null Hypothesis H0:

Alternative Ha :

Test Statistic:

Reject Region:

Calculate:

Decision:

P-value:
6. In an attempt to reduce costs, a bakery has implemented a new leavening process for
preparing commercial bread loaves. (Leavening is the process of adding a substance to
bread dough that enables the dough to rise. Risen breads rely on a means of producing
carbon dioxide gas that becomes trapped in the dough causing the rising action). Loaves
of bread were randomly sampled and analyzed for calorie content both before and after
implementation of the new process. A summary of the results of the two samples is
shown in the table below. Do these samples provide sufficient evidence to conclude that
the mean number of calories per loaf has decreased since the new leavening process was
implemented? Test using α = 0.05.

New Process Old Process

n1 = 50 n2 = 42

x_bar = 1,255 calores y_bar = 1,330 calories

sx = 215 calories sy = 238 calories

Parameters of interest:

Null Hypothesis H0:

Alternative Ha:

Test Statistic:

Reject Region:

Calculate:

Decision:

P-value:
7. What is the probability of not detecting a difference in reduction time in Problem #1
if the mean drying time is actually reduced by 11 minutes when adding the new drying
ingredient to the primer paint?

Ans:

THE END