Final Year Project Proposal

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DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTIPURPOSE SOLAR POWERED

AGRICULTURAL ROBOT FOR AUTONOMOUS OPERATIONS

Project Advisors: Formatted: Space After: 6 pt

Ms. Mifrah Ali (Principal Advisor) Formatted: Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 14 pt
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Dr. Shahid Hassan (Co-Advisor)
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Nashit Raza (F2016134098) Group Leader
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Faizan Ali (F2016134095) Formatted: Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 14 pt

Khurram Habib (F2016134088)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY Formatted: Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 14 pt
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LAHORE Formatted: Font: 9 pt
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October, 2019 Formatted: Space After: 6 pt

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Project Title:

Development of a multipurpose solar powered

agricultural robot for autonomous operations.

1. ABSTRACT: Formatted: Font: (Default) +Body (Calibri), 16 pt, Bold,

This proposal discusses about the conceptual design and development of a Multipurpose
Agricultural Robot having autonomous driving and agricultural operations. The robot is capable
of performing autonomous driving and automatic agricultural operations.
Design of agricultural robot is based on electronic and mechanical (Mechatronics) platform that
perform advance agriculture process. This proposal strives to develop a robot capable of
performing operation like measure soil moisture, pesticide spray, water spray, drilling,
sowing, and ploughing. Strive to develop anThis remotely controlled electromechanical vehicle
which is steered by DC motor to drive wheels . This project is controlled remotely and power is
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Commented [SH1]: Will you be able to develop a robot to
perform all these tasks?

drawn from DC battery that is charged through solar panel, installed on the vehicle is used to Formatted: Font: 12 pt

charge DC battery. Formatted: Font: 12 pt

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2. INTRODUCTION: Formatted: Font: 16 pt

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This project proposes a Multifunctional mechanical vehicle for agriculture application. Now a
days world is moving towards automation and sophistication. It is equally important to have
development and automation in agricultural equipment. Earlier, farmers were mostly

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depending on traditional farming equipment, which were depending on bullock, camels etc.
Animal for their Formatted: Font: 12 pt, Strikethrough
uses on field. After that, self-governing age robots for agriculture.
In the developed countries, the automatic agriculture has reached to a complete state but in
the developing countries like Pakistan a lot of progress is still needed. The manufacturing of
mechanized agriculture autonomous agri-robots for improving agriculture efficiency must
increase in order to meet the expectations demand of the ever growoving human being
population. Agriculture robotic robots are machines programmed to do agricultural task and
form assignments,. Ssuch as sowing, ploughing, spraying, measuring humidity level, etc. The
challenge is to design and develop the robot to work in synchronization with the nature.

3. OBJECTIVE:

The main objective is to make a solar powered agricultural robot designed for agricultural
purposes. It is designed to minimize the labor of farmers in addition to increasing the speed
efficiency and accuracy of the work. It performs the elementary functions involved in farming
i.e.
 Ploughing
 Spraying water/pesticides
 Sowing seeds
 Drilling
 Checking the moisture level in the soil.

These features gradually appear advantages in agricultural production to increase

productivity, improve application accuracy and enhance handling safety.
The features incorporated in the agri-robot result in productivity enhancement, application
accuracy improvement and increase in handling safety.

4. LITERATURE REVIEW:

4.1. “Agricultural Robot for Automatic Ploughing and Seeding” 2015 IEEE International
Conference on Technological Innovations in ICT (TIAR 2015) (Amrita Sneha.A, Abirami.E,
Ankita.A, Mrs. R. Praveen, Mrs. R. Srimeena ).

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A lot of work has already been done in developing agriculture robots. This paper strives to A
robot was developed to perform develop a robot capable of performing operations like
automatic ploughing and, seed dispensing [1]. It also provideds manual control when required
and kepteps tabs on the humidity with the help of humidity sensors .The AVR At mega
microcontroller main component here is the AVR At mega microcontroller thatwas used to
supervises the entire process. Initially the robot tills the entire field and proceeds to ploughing,
simultaneously dispensing seeds side by side. On the field the robot operates on automated
mode, but outside the field is strictly operated in manual mode.

4.2. “Design and Implementation of Seeding Agricultural Robot” (JIRAS) (P.Usha, V.

Maheswari, Dr. V. Nandagopal)

Usha, et al [2] also In this paper, the robot system is used to developed the a process of
cultivating agricultural land without the use of man power. The aim of the paper is to reduce
the man power , and time; and increase the productivity rate.

4.3. “Automated Farming Using Microcontroller and Sensors” (IJSRMS) ISSN: 23493371
(Abdullah Tanveer, Abhishek Choudhary, Divya Pal, Rajani Gupta, Farooq Husain)

The latest electronics technology such as microcontroller and GSM phone line has been utilized
Farming can be done using new technologies to automatically check temperature, light,
humidity and soil moisture to resulting in yield higher growth of the crops [3]. In this project we
are going enabling to check temperature, light, humidity and soil moisture. The paper here is all
about automatic control features with latest electronics technology using microcontroller and
GSM phone line. The project works automatically and hence reduces the manpower.

4.4. “IOT Based Smart Agriculture” IJARCCE June 2016 (Nikesh Gondchawar1, Prof. Dr. R. S.
Kawitkar2)

In this paper aA project model for agriculture robot is was used to describe the newer scenario
of decreasing water tables, drying up of rivers and tanks, unpredictable environment present.
An, and urgent need of proper utilization of water [4].

5. ADVANTAGES:

It The development of the agri-robot will have the following benefits in agricultural field:
● Lessens man power
● Increased production

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 ● Save tTimes and resources saving
● Increased precision and efficiency Formatted: Font: 12 pt
● Can operate easilyEasy operation Formatted: Space After: 0 pt
● Energy Efficient as works on solar energy Formatted: Font: 12 pt, Font color: Auto
● Lessens Reduced man power requirement Formatted: Font: 12 pt

6. METHODOLOGY: Commented [SH2]: You missed this section. Pl. complete

this section
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1. Soil moisture sensor:

it measures the water content in the soil.

2. Driving Motors Driver(L298N):it facilitates a smoother motion of the robot and controls
the rotation of motors.
3. Gear motors
4. Arduino Mega:Arduino mega will be the board on which all the drivers and electronics will
be mounted or connected for effective operation.
5. Spraying Motor
6. RC controller
7. 5. A box and a water can will be required to do the seeding and spraying of fertilizers and
other such kind of operations.

Software requirements:
1. Arduino IDE software used for dumping firmware that was created for the robot into
Arduino Mega Board.

Kit required to develop Agriculture robot using Arduino:

 Arduino
 Sensors
 Motors
 Wheels

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Technologies you will learn by working on Agriculture robot using Arduino:

 Arduino
 Sensors
 Wheels

67. CONCLUSION:
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As explained mentioned earlier, Pakistan is a developing country. Many people still depends on
farming. Also all the raw material required for many industries are is obtained from farming.
Therefore, there is a need to utilize latest technologies to make farming more efficient and less
expensive. This type ofThe innovative and developing ideas, such as being implemented in this
project, plays an important role in development in performing agricultural fields tasks
efficiently with enhanced accuracy. and also does the things easier and less time consuming.
The Our ideas of developing an agri-robot definitely will definitely become advantageous when
it will be implemented on practical and real time basis. Primarily on demo basis it looks
somewhat costly, but in future it may become more usable when produced on large scale. The
use of solar energy in this project to charge the battery It will also minimize the energy
requirement., if we make use of convention energy sources like solar energy sources which we
are going to implement in our project..

78. REFERENCES:

[1] Amrita Sneha A., et al., “Agricultural Robot for Automatic Ploughing and Seeding” 2015 IEEE
International Conference on Technological Innovations in ICT (TIAR 2015).

[2] Usha P., Maheswari V., Dr. Nandagopal V., “Design and Implementation of Seeding
Agricultural Robot” (JIRAS).

[3] Abdullah Tanveer, et al., “Automated Farming Using Microcontroller and Sensors” (IJSRMS)
ISSN: 23493371.

[4] Nikesh G., Dr. Kawitkar R. S., “IOT Based Smart Agriculture” IJARCCE June 2016.

[1] Survey On Multifunctional Robotic Vehicle For Agriculture Application Best:

International Journal of Management, Information Technology and Engineering
(BEST: IJMITE) ISSN 2348-0513 Vol. 3, Issue 6, Jun 2015, 35-38 BEST Journals
http://www.ijettjournal.org/Special%20issue/ICGTETM-2016/ICGTETM_2016_paper_165.pdf

[2] “Automatic Seed Plantation Robot”, (IJESC), 2016 Prashant G. Salunkhe, Sahil
Y. Shaikh, Mayur S. Dhable, Danis I. Sayyad.
https://www.irjet.net/archives/V5/i2/IRJET-V5I2187.pdf

[3] William C.Norris. “Responding to the Technological Challenges of Small-

Scale Agriculture,” in Proceedings of the Special Symposium ofResearch for
Small Farms, Maryland, 1981, pp. 293-300.
https://publications.waset.org/10006517/multipurpose-agricultural-robot-platform-conceptual-design-
of-control-system-software-for-autonomous-driving-and-agricultural-operations-using-programmable-
logic-controller

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[4] H. Pota, R. Eaton, J. Katupitiya, S.D. Pathirana, “Agricultural robotics: A
streamlined approach to realization of autonomous farming”, Second international
conference on industrial and information system, IEEE.2007
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4356051_Agricultural_robotics_A_streamlined_approach_to
_realization_of_Autonomous_Farming

[5] “Solar Operated Automatic Seed Sowing Machine”, International Advanced

Research Journal of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 2015
Shwetha S. and Shreeharsha G. H.
http://scientific.cloudjournals.com/index.php/IJAAST/article/download/Sci-223/pdf

[6] “Development of Multipurpose Agriculture Machine”, International Journal of

Advanced Engineering and Research Development, 2017 Narendra Patel,
Himanshu Patel, Utsav Patel.
http://ijaerd.com/papers/special_papers/ME-019.pdf

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