085187 Advanced Finite Element Method

Assignment # 3
Semester: 1
191
Modeling with Isoparametric Elements
Due: December 05,
0 2019 Instructor:: Dr. Nguyen Thai Binh

Perform a finite element analysis of the tunnel structure in Figure 1. A pair of tunnels is located
side-by-side
side for the passage of traffic in each direction. The tunnel is excavated from rock material
with the elastic properties shown. A plane-strain
plane strain model
model provides a good representation to predict
predict
deformation and stressed due to loading by the overburden material.
Due to symmetry of the geometry, loading and boundary conditions, only one-half one half of the
geotechnical system needs to be included in the finite element
element model. The element mesh should
should
be carefully constructed to capture the large stress gradients that occur around the tunnel.

E = 35 GPa
 = 0.35
w = 24 kN/m3

8.5
Symmetry plane

2.5

3.0

5.0 5.0 5.0

Units shown are in meter

Figure 1: Twin Tunnels Located in Rock

Key Results
Study the following key results obtained from your analysis:
1. The vertical displacement at the peak of the tunnel roof.
2. The maximum tensile stress in material that forms the tunnel roof.
3. The average vertical displacement across the floor of the tunnel
tunnel.
 Figure 2: Recommended Division into Patches

Analysis Check
Checks
• At section A
A−A and A
A’–A’,, verify that the vertical stress distribution predicted by the finite
element model balances the overburden loading.
• Why are stresses so large at the corners of the tunnel floor? Have w we
e constructed a realistic
model for thes
these
e locations? How would these areas be detailed in the actual design?
• In rock mechanics problems such as this one, the question always aarises
rises about the extent to
which the finite element model must be carried to the right and below the tunnel
tunnel to simulate an
“infinite” domain. When the finite element model is “cut-off”
“cut off” too near the tunnel,
tunnel, the finite
distance to the boundary strongly influences the predicted deformation and stresses
stresses around the
tunnel. Comment on the adequacy of the present model in this reg
regard?
Result Plots
Stress Plots
• Plot the distribution of tangential stress along the roof line for the tunnel as a function of angle θ.
• Plot the distribution of vertical stress across section A−A
A and A’––A’.
• Plot the distribution of shear stress across section A−
−A and A’–A
A’.
• Generate contour plots over the model for:  xx ,  yy , xy .

Deflected Shape
• Generate a plot of the deflected shape superimposed on the undeflected model.
Modeling Considerations
The use of ANSYS
ANSYS/Workbench
/Workbench is strongly recommended for performing the finitefinite element analysis.
Figure 2 provides a recommended subdivision of the structure into patches. This set of patches
prevents creation of finite elements with acute int
interior
erior angles which reduce accuracy.
Model the tunnel structure with the quadrilateral isoparametric element. Use 2x2 Gauss
quadrature; this dramatically improves response and allows use of the larger aspect ratios.
A recommended procedure to construct the finite element mesh is to apply the meshing
command first to th the four patches
that define the tunnel roof geometry
(these patches generally require a
denser mesh compared with the
remaining
maining patches). Subsequently
apply the meshing command to the th
remainder of the patches that define
the tunnel geometry by using a larger
target element size.
Use the given rock density to define
the loading caused by self
self-weight
weight of
the
he rock material. NotNotee that the
nodal stress file generated by
ANSYS/Workbench
/Workbench contains values in
global coordinates.
oordinates. For most regions
of the model this presents no
problem as the natural coordinate
system for results evaluation matches
the global coordinates. However,
around the cylindrical roof of the
tunnel, globa
globall stresses must be
rotated to a radial and tangential
coordinate system to prepare a Figure 3: Typical Finite Element Mesh with 1759 nodes,
useful stress plot. 537 elements

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hoặặcc folder ANSYS/Workbench
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