ADVANCE ENGINEERING SURVEYING JOB #4

BASELINE MEASUREMENT USING JADERIN’S METHOD

OBJECTIVE:

A baselie survey is a study that is done at the beginning of project to get knowledge of
the current status of an item of study before a project. In this job we done sag correction, pull
correction, temperature correction etc to minimize the errors.

REATED THEORY:

BASELINE SURVEY:

A baseline survey is the kind of survey.A baseline study is an analysis of current

situation to identify the starting point for a project.It must be accurate to start a project.

JADERIN’S METHOD:

This method was introduced by Jardin. Jaderin's method is said to be having more
flexibility when compared to other methods. This method involves usage of tripoad,steel
tape,spring balance which gives us more accurate values. It is less expensive and the speed of
measurement is high.

INSTRUMENTS:

Auto Level

Steel Tape

Tripoad Stand

Spring Balance

Plumb bob

Thermometer

Levelling Staff

CORRECTIONS:

TEMPERTURE CORRECTION:

A difference in temperature will cause the tape to lengthen or shorten, so the measurement
taken will not be exactly correct.It is necessary to take correct temperature differnece in the
field to obtain accurate result.

CT=α(Tm-To)L

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Where,

Ct = Correction for temperature

α = co-efficient of linear thermal expansion (1.11 x 10-5 oC-1)

Tm = average temperature during measurements in the field (oC)

To = Temperature at which the tape was standardized (25oC)

L = Measured length obtained in the field (m) This correction can be positive or negative.

SAG CORRECTION:

When taping between two points, the tape often ends up suspended above the ground due to
the height of the marker points. This results in the tape sagging.It should not be sagging, for
this purpose wo use spring balance for minimize the sagging.

Cs=L(wL)2 / 24n2Pm2

Where,

Cs = Sag correction (m)

L = Measured length obtained in the field (m)

w = Weight of the steel tape per unit length (0.01093Kg/m)

W = Total weight of tape (kg)

n = Number of spans

Pm = Pull applied during measurement on the tape (Kg) This correction is always negative

PULL / TENSION CORRECTION:

When a steel tape is pulled with a tension greater than its standard value, it elongates
in an elastic manner. The elongation length (CP) caused by a tensile force can be calculated
using:

Cp=(Pm-Po) /A*E

Where,

Cp = Pull/Tension correction (m)

Pm = Pull applied during measurement (kg)

P0 = Pull at which the tape was standardization (2 kg)

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L = Measured length obtained in the field (m)

A = Cross sectional area of the tape (0.0193 cm2=1.93x10-6 m2)

E = Modulus of elasticity or Young’s Modulus of tape (21 x 105 kg/cm2=2.1x1010 kg/m2)

This correction can be positive or negative.

SLOPE CORRECTION:

It is the angle between the slope line and the horizontal line, s is the slope distance measured
between two points on the slope line, h is the height of the slope.To determine the exact
horizontal length of base line, slope correction is required to be applied.

Ch=h2 / 2L

Where,

Ch = Slope correction

h = Difference of elevation between two points (m)

L = Measured length obtained in the field (m) This correction is always negative

MEAN SEA LEVEL CORRECTION:

In the field we must know about its height from sea level.For this purpose SOP
develops benchmarks in different places of Pakistan.

Cmsl=HL / R

Where,

H = Mean height of base line above mean sea level. (211m of Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore)

R = Mean radius of earth (6,371 km = 6271x103 m)

L = Measured length obtained in the field (m) This correction is always negative

PROCEDURE

 Take two points A and D of some known distance

 First of all adjust the auto level coreectly. Then sight the auto level to ranging rod
pointed at point D.
 Now again sight the ranging rod in this way that the previous ranging rog should not
visible.
 Now adjust the auto level again at that point from which pointed points are visible.
 Now set tripod stands at that points.
 Now finding the distance between these points.We use steel tape and spring balance.
We use spring balance to avooid sagging in tape.
 We also measure the temperature at every tripod stand.

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 Now we use levelling staff to find out the height of tripod stand at different points
 we sight the levelling staff from auto level and read the reading of heights of auto
level fron that tripod stand.
 Repaet these steps for other points

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS:

Sr. L Ct Cp Cs Ch Cmsl Ctotal L

No (m) Correct
(m)
A-B

B-C

C-D

TOTAL

COMMENTS:

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