Time:

Change:
2.30 = 1.90
2.10= 1.70
8.00 = 7.60

After/ Later = Addition

30 minutes after 4.30 = > 4.30 + 0.30 = 4.60 = 5.00

40 minutes after 12.30 => 12.30 + 0.40 = 12.70 = 1.10
15 minutes later 1.50 => 1.50 + 0.15 = 1.65 = 2.05
15 minutes later 8.00 => 8.00 + 0.15 = 8.15

Earlier/ before = Subtraction

30 minutes earlier 6.00 => 6.00 – 0.30 = 5.60 – 0.30 = 5.30

40 minutes before 4.20 => 4.20 – 0.40 = 3.80 – 0.40 = 3.40
15 minutes earlier 1.00 => 1.00 – 0.15 = 12.60 – 0.15 = 12.45
10 minutes before 12.05 => 12.05 – 0.10 = 11.65 – 0.10 = 11.55

In seconds::

SAME CONCEPTS

10 seconds earlier 4.12.30 => 4.12.30 – 0.00.10 = 4.12.20

30 seconds 2.40.10 => 2.40.10 – 0.00.30 = 2.39.70 – 0.00.30 = 2.39.40

SHOW ON THE CLOCK EACH SECTION = 5Minutes/ 5Seconds

He can visually also calculate on clock.