we had seen the rough picture of

how Peiest's to 2D
argument applies
Here we will see the arguments
in some detail

For simplicity enumerating the

of will
domain walls we assume

that the system has 1 spins

along the boundaries
and to remove
boundary effects
assume that system is very large

t t t t t

Tt
t
t t

te
How does this simplify enumeration
All domain walls will be closed loops
Mow If this was not the
case the domain walls could have
ended at the boundaries

Average magnetisation the

of
system L NIN Y any
N
I 22nd
N
where LN 17 the average
is
number
of tl spins in the system
LN y is the number
of
average
down spins

D total length the domain

wall of
perimeter of 1 domains
Domains wall can be disconnected
 23 P the domain
energy of
wall relative
configuration
to state
ground

Eo Ground state energy

3 domain wall configurations

Eg of
tough 24
Green 1 Orange 11
a

ii

iii i iii i iii

i
i i

em
i
 we
identify
can individual disconnected

pieces we can call them domain

wall loop
above has 2 of there

has I
has 3 domains wall loops

Maximum number 1 spins

6
of
domains wall loop
as

tenth
a

P
of
when the domain
occurs
wall is a
square

spans E
of 5
ve

10716
This is an overestimation why
for non square loops the
number is less
 In above the outer
es
loop has D 16 716 16
But there are 12
only flipped
spins inside
The inner loop in has 17 8
PY 6 4 But there are 0
inside
flipped spins
2
P 16 is an overestimate

Fow Given a length P of

a domain wall loop
There can be many
such

loops
These are all the
different
shapes of fixed perimeter P
 P
This is upper bound
by a
for some u between 283

Now consider a Specific

domain wall loop

will to determine
we now
try
the probability its
of occurance

For concreteness

iii
we will keep
i
i i
0

worm
mind

Probability of its occurrence

d
e
 I
here is a sum over all
with a domain
configurations
Wall Loop shown with 4 Above
There could be other ones
around

is a sum over all configurations

consider the obtain
configuration
eliminating the wall
by
In the example above when
is eliminated all spins inside
as shown
flip
 amina

i iii
ii

indeed
for every configuration
in the scum above

there is a
config without the loop
Here are some examples

iiiiii iii i iii

iii iii

iii
iii
iii ii iii iiiiii iii i iii
 Energy of loft config dyges from
side ones
right by exactly 2g p
P is the length
of loop
E with E without D 2J P

All configurations on the

right are in the

sum that defines Z

we will allow only these in the
denominator

e
PH
probability of occurring
e BH if
BCH 23ps
e

I 2J P
e
So probability
of occurrence
of a specific
loop of perimeter P is S e ZIP

Number flipped spins N

of
2JP
II nP
f G
17 4,81616
N
f
e
probabilit
loop ofspecific
bEr Effed loopy
7iieheieaitioei i
sina.dk
z cupper
a
inside
of spins p
bound
a loop
oflength
upperbound

Possible loops
of
lengths
 IN 3 f
of g pinpe
23 Pp

4 ah 3944
TN a s

a n

bond
upper

on
 For sufficient small T ne 2B3 a
y
is ineded less than I and the
series seems
convergens
there there is an eelphes bound
to
LMI
LN
The upper board is much less than
0.5 small enough 7
for
But him I
22Nd
LN

So hm has a non
zero lower
bound for T
sufficiently small
 The boundary being all I

is not necessary It can be

relaxed but at the
expense
of more complicated enumeration

b A slightly better bound can be

found by improving the following

board ofshapes f NP

Ref
RB Phys Rev 15612A
Griffiths A 4374964J
page
 Make a similar estimate using
ID model
this argument
Identify why fails
Hint 0416 bound on number

spins inside a domani

of flipped
wall of length P completely breaks
down

A or N n a n n n s n n a n n r n n