World Cultural Regions PDF

Presentation on
World Cultural region

Presented To
Md. Abdul Malak
Lecturer
Dept. of Geography and Environment
Jagannath University
Dhaka-1100
Geography
The word ‘geography’ consists of two Greek words ‘geo’(the earth) and
‘graphein’(to write).
So , Geography literally means "earth description." It seeks to describe and
explain the distribution of phenomena that characterize our planet's surface.
Geography is a representation of the whole known world together with the

phenomena which are contained therein.
-Ptolemy, Geographia 2nd Century A.D.
3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 3

The study of geography focuses on five themes:
Geography
Location Human earth

Place Movement Region
interrelationship

Culture
A culture is a way of life of a group of people --the behaviors, beliefs, values, and
symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are
passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next.
According to, Edward B. Tylor, 1871 (Primitive Culture)

“ that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals,
custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of
society”

Cultural components
There are many

components of culture …
 religious
 language
cuisine
 architecture
technology
 music
 dance
sports
 medicine
 dress
 low
 education
 government
agriculture
 economy etc

Culture Change
Change is an inherent aspect of culture. No culture remains static. There are

many reasons for cultural change: economic, political, environmental, and,
of course, technological factors.
Processes of cultural change
Innovatio
n
Accultura
Discovery
tion
Cultural
Change
Assimilation Diffusion

Processes of cultural change
Invention-Invention is the process whereby new cultural elements are created,
often, out of previously existing elements.
Discovery-Discovery is the new perception of an aspects of reality that already

exist.
Diffusion-Cultural diffusion is the process through which the cultural traits of one
culture are transmitted to another one.
Assimilation-Assimilation is the process of combination of two cultures in to one

culture with comprising cultural change.
Acculturation-Acculturation is the transfer of values and customs from one group

to another.

Cultural Region
A culture region is a portion of Earth’s surface in which

people share common:
- beliefs
- history
- language
- religion
- technology
- work
- food
- clothing
- shelter

Types Of Regions
Geographers define regions in different ways, depending on the type of

criteria used to set their boundaries.
FORMAL REGION A formal region is one with clear boundaries. It is defined

by at least one common human or physical characteristic. This may be a
common government, such as a political unit.
FUNCTIONAL REGION A functional region is an area defined by one function

that may cross political boundaries. This might be a drainage basin of a great
river, connecting several states.
PERCEPTUAL REGION A perceptual region is based on people's attitudes and

emotions about a place. Unlike formal or functional regions, a perceptual
region may not be based on real facts or conditions.

World Major Cultural Regions
Six Cultural Regions by J.O.M. Broek

1.Occidental (Western)
2.Main Islamic (Muslim World)
3.Indic (Indian)
4.East Asian
5.South East Asian
6. Meso African
Five Cultural Regions by Richard Morrill

Western Cultural Region_The Christian Region
Islamic Cultural Region_The Islamic World
Indian Cultural Region_The Hindu World
East Asian Cultural Region_The Buddhist World
African Cultural Region

Twelve Cultural Regions by de Blij

1.South West Asia and North African Cultural Region
2.Europe Cultural Region
3.India and Indian Perimeter
4.Chinese Cultural Region
5.South East Asian Cultural Region
6.African Black
7.Middle and South American Cultural Region
8.North American Cultural Region
9.Australian Cultural Region
10.Former Soviet Union
11.Japanese Cultural Region
12. Pacific Ocean

So, overall twelve major cultural regions are-

1.South West Asia and North African \ Islamic Cultural Region
2.Europe Cultural Region
3.India and Indian Perimeter\ South Asian Cultural Region
4.South East Asian Cultural Region
5.Chinese\ East Asian Cultural Region
6.African Black\ Negroid Cultural Region
7.Middle and South American\Latin American Cultural Region
8.North American\ Anglo American Cultural Region
9.Australia-Pacific Cultural Region
10.Former Soviet Union\ Russian Cultural Region
11.Japanese Cultural Region
12. Polar\ Arctic Cultural Region

South West Asia and North African Cultural Region
Geographic Area
The region is made up of the northern part of Africa and the extremely
southwestern part of Asia. The southwestern part of Asia is made up of the
Arabian and Anatolian peninsulas and a small part of continental Asia.
Generally this area is known as Muslim World or Middle East.
Countries are under this region

Other Characteristics
Language:
Hematic-Semitic languages. Arabic is the main language of this region except Iran,
Afghanistan and Turkey
Climate
This is largely an arid area, including some of the hottest deserts on the planet.
However, there are large, relatively mild (Mediterranean climate) areas in the
Maghreb, Turkey, and the Levant. Desert and dry is the general characteristics of this
area for this it is known as Dry World.
 Culture: The people of desert in this region are vagabond; their temporary
settlement, religious blindness, detached from environment etc. are affect the cultural
development of this area.

Religion: All the religious belief are started from this region. this is actually an
area of enormous religious diversity. Many different faiths are found here,
including:
• Judaism
• Christianity
• Islam
• Druze
• Yazidi
• Zoroastrianism
• B’ahai
• Samaritanism
 Natural resources: North Africa/Southwest Asia holds around 60% of the
world’s petroleum reserves (used to make oil, gas, plastic, and other things).
 Oil rich countries: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, UAE, Bahrain, Qatar
Oil not-so-rich countries: Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Syria, Oman
Oil poor countries: Morocco, Tunisia, Israel, Jordan, Yemen, Turkey

Race: Caucasoid.
Political View: Unstable.
Economy: Economically
prosperous region due to
petro dollars. But wealth is in
the hands of selected few
while the masses remain
poor.

European Cultural realm
East Russain Ural mountains to Scandinavian countries , surrounded by Black

sea and Mediterranean sea.
Countries are under this

region

Language: Three Indo-european language groups-

Germanic language(220 million speakers)
Romance languages (220 million speakers)
Slavic languages (80 million speakers)
Climate: The climate of most of Central and Eastern Europe, including southern
Scandinavia, is categorized as cool-summer humid continental. As in
Western Europe, summers are mild, but winters are significantly colder, with
snowfall a common occurrence.
Religion: Christian including Catholic, Eastern orthodox and Protestant Churches.
Race: Caucasoid.
.

Political Condition: Europe is
the birthplace of Democracy.
Some Countries are also
practice nationalism and
communism
Culture: very rich culture.
European culture is largely
rooted in what is often
referred to as its "common
cultural heritage“
Economy: Largest and richest
region on the earth.

India and Indian Perimeter
The southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub
Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to
the west and east ( Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,
Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives )

region

Language: The largest spoken language in this region is Hindi, its speakers
numbering almost 422 million, the second largest spoken language is Bengali, with
about 210 million speakers. Punjabi is the third most spoken language in South Asia
with 130 million native speakers.
Climate : Tropical monsoon in the south to temperate in the

north. Southern parts are mostly hot in summers and receive rain during
monsoon periods. The northern belt of Indo-Gangetic plains also is hot in
summer, but cooler in winter. The mountainous north is colder and
receives snowfall at higher altitudes of Himalayan ranges.
Religion: Hindus make up about 63% of the South Asia population and
Muslims at 31%a; others religion namely, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism.
Race: Caucasoid.

Political Condition:
Democracy
Economy:
poorest regions and
Developing countries.
According to global hunger
index –South Asia has one of
the highest child malnutrition
rates in the world.
Culture:
Various cultural groups.

South East Asian Cultural Region
Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a sub-region of Asia , consisting of

the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west
of New Guinea and north of Australia.

region

Language: people speaking languages belonging to the Austronesia family

(originating in southern China and Taiwan)
Climate : The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid

all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar
Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical
climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia
has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon.
Religion: Buddhism, Islam, Christian
Race: Mongoloid and Australoid.

Political Condition: people are
nomadic or semi-nomadic, it is
difficult to construct a
permanent governing system
with stable bureaucracies and a
reliable tax base.
Economy: Mainly based on
spice trade, tourism.
Culture:
Various cultural groups.

Chinese Cultural Region
China ,North Korea and Mongolia.

region

Language: Mandarin ,
Korean, Halh Mongolian.
Climate : diverse range;

ranges from tropical in south
to subarctic in north.
Religion: Buddhism,
Confucianism.
Race: Mongoloid.
Political view: Communist
(Soviet style)

African Black Region
Southern Sahara to South Africa.

region

Language: Many tribal Languages.
Climate : The climate of Africa ranges from tropical to subarctic on its

highest peaks. Its northern half is primarily desert, or arid, while its
central and southern areas contain both savanna plains and very
dense jungle (rainforest) regions.
Religion: Many community region but Christian and Islam is also practice.
Race: Negroid

Political view and Economy:
Although it has abundant natural
resources, Africa remains the
world's poorest and
most underdeveloped continent,
the result of a variety of causes
that may include corrupt
governments that have often
committed serious human rights
violations, failed central planning,
high levels of illiteracy, lack of
access to foreign capital, and
frequent tribal and military
conflict

Middle and South American region Region
Mexico to whole South America with Falkland islands. Also called Latin
America.

region

Language: Spanish and Portuguese are the predominant languages of Latin
America. Spanish is spoken as first language by about 60% of the population,
Portuguese is spoken by about 34% of the population and about 6% of the
population speak other languages such as
 Quechua,
 Mayan languages,
 Guaraní,
 English,
 French,
 Dutch.
 Aymara,
 Nahuatl, and
 Italian
Climate : predominantly wet and hot. The desert regions of Chile is
the driest part of South America.
Religion: The vast majority of Latin Americans
are Christians(90%),mostly Roman Catholics belonging to the Latin Rite.
About 70% of the Latin American population consider themselves Catholic.

Culture: Latin American culture is
a mixture of many cultural
expressions worldwide. It is the
product of many diverse
influences:
Indigenous cultures
Western civilization,
African cultures,
Asian cultures,
Race: Mongoloid And Negroid
Political view : Doctorial,

Democracy And Communism.
Lifestyle: standard of living with

rampant illiteracy.

North American region Region
USA ,Canada.

region

Language: English ,30% spanish
Climate : It embraces every climatic zone, from tropical rain forest and
savanna on the lowlands of Central America to areas of permanent ice
cap in central Greenland. Subarctic and tundra climates prevail in north
Canada and north Alaska, and desert and semiarid conditions are found
in interior regions cut off by high mountains from rain-bearing westerly
winds. However, most of the region has temperate climates very
favorable to settlement and agriculture. Prairies, or vast grasslands
cover a huge amount in mountain ranges.
Religion: Christian, Judaism.
Culture: Occidental

Race: Mongoloid, Caucasoid
And Negroid
Political view : Democracy.
Lifestyle: Life is very fast and

highest standard of living
with the people being well
educated, vocal and
aggressive.

Australia-Pacific Region
Oceania is a region made up of thousands of islands throughout the Central and
South Pacific Ocean. It includes Australia, the smallest continent in terms of total
land area. Most of Australia and Oceania is under the Pacific ocean

region

Language: English is the only language spoken in the home for around 80%
of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home
are Mandarin (1.7%), Italian (1.5%), and Arabic (1.4%); almost all
migrants speak some English. Australia has a sign language known
as Auslan.
Climate :The greater part of the continent is desert or semi-arid. Only the
south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and
moderately fertile soil. The northern part has a tropical climate, varied
between tropical rainforests, grasslands, and part desert.
Religion: According to the 2011 Australian Census, 61.1% of Australians

were listed as Christian. Historically, this proportion has been higher and
a growing proportion of the population define themselves as irreligious,
with 22.3% of Australians declaring "no religion" on the census. There
are also growing communities of various other religions

Culture: Western
culture influenced by the
diverse input
of Aboriginal, Torres Strait
Islander and other Oceania
people.
Race: Caucasoid And Negroid
Sports: Cricket, Football, Tennis
etc.

Former Soviet Union
Located in the north, west and east latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,
Russian federation (55’N latitude to 37’E longitude).

region

Language: Russia's 160 ethnic groups speak some 100 languages.Russian is

the only official state language,
Climate :Russia has a largely continental climate because of its sheer size
and compact configuration.
Religion : Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Judaism are Russia’s traditional
religions. Non-believers in Russia as high as 16–48% of the population.
Natural resources:
Russia holds the greatest reserves of mineral resources of any country in
the world. Natural gas, petroleum, mineral ores etc.

Race: Caucasoid.
Political view : The country is a
federation and semi-
presidential republic, wherein the
President is the head of state and
the Prime Minister is the head of
government.
Economy: Russia has
a developed, high-income market
economy with enormous natural
resources, particularly oil and
natural gas. It has the 15th largest
economy in the world by nominal
GDP and the 6th
largest by purchasing power
parity (PPP).

Japanese Cultural Region
Japan ,North & South Korea

region

Language: Japanese
Climate : Belong to the temperate zone with humid subtropical

climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) characterized by four distinct
seasons.
Religion: Around 95% are Buddhists, 3% to 4% are members of Shinto sects
and derived religions, and 1% to 2.3% are Christians.
Culture: Japanese and Korean.

Race: Mongoloid
Economy: The economy

of Japan is the third largest
in the world by nominal
GDP, the fourth largest
by purchasing power parity
and is the world's second
largest developed economy.

Polar or Arctic Culture
Circumpolar areas of Finland, Sweden, Norway and Northwest Russia, Nenets,
Khanty, Evenk and Chukchi in Russia, Aleut, Yupik and Inuit (Iñupiat) in Alaska,
Inuit (Inuvialuit) in Canada and Inuit (Kalaallit) in Greenland.

region

Language: The Eskimo–Aleut family of languages includes two cognate

branches: the Aleut (Unangan) branch and the Eskimo branch.
Climate : Tundra climate.
Religion: Christian, Judaism.
Culture: The Eskimo are the indigenous peoples who have traditionally
inhabited the northern circumpolar region from eastern Siberia (Russia),
across Alaska (United States), Canada, and Greenland.
Settlement: The circumpolar region is extremely sparsely

populated. Approximately 13.1 million people living in the area of the
circumpolar North,

Race: Mongoloid.
Political view : Very
weak due to extreme
climate
Economy: Primary
economic activities such
as Hunting , fishing etc.

Thank You

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Presentation on

World Cultural region

Geography is a representation of the whole known world together with the

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 3

Location Human earth

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 4

According to, Edward B. Tylor, 1871 (Primitive Culture)

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 5

There are many

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 6

Change is an inherent aspect of culture. No culture remains static. There are

Processes of cultural change

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 7

Discovery-Discovery is the new perception of an aspects of reality that already

Assimilation-Assimilation is the process of combination of two cultures in to one

Acculturation-Acculturation is the transfer of values and customs from one group

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 8

A culture region is a portion of Earth’s surface in which

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 9

Geographers define regions in different ways, depending on the type of

FORMAL REGION A formal region is one with clear boundaries. It is defined

FUNCTIONAL REGION A functional region is an area defined by one function

PERCEPTUAL REGION A perceptual region is based on people's attitudes and

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 10

Six Cultural Regions by J.O.M. Broek

Five Cultural Regions by Richard Morrill

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 12

Twelve Cultural Regions by de Blij

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 13

So, overall twelve major cultural regions are-

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 14

Countries are under this region

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 15

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 16

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 17

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 18

East Russain Ural mountains to Scandinavian countries , surrounded by Black

Countries are under this

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 19

Language: Three Indo-european language groups-

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 20

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 21

Countries are under this

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 22

Climate : Tropical monsoon in the south to temperate in the

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 23

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 24

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a sub-region of Asia , consisting of

Countries are under this

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 25

Language: people speaking languages belonging to the Austronesia family

Climate : The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid

Religion: Buddhism, Islam, Christian

Race: Mongoloid and Australoid.

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 26

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China ,North Korea and Mongolia.

Countries are under this

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 28

Climate : diverse range;

3/18/2016 World Cultural Region (Shammy) 29

Southern Sahara to South Africa.

Countries are under this