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On Getting Moksha

Dear All:

I came across this sloka about the various Shiva kshetrams in an article by
the late Kanchi Paramacarya forwarded to me by a friend. (I was able to
copy and paste the original article, which is entirely in Tamil, see end.) This
sloka, cited by Kanchi Paramacarya in the context of a discussion on
Carnatic music, also provides an interesting insight on what it takes to
obtain moksha, one of the four primary goals of life – or Purushaarthaas -
dharma, artha, kama, and moksha.

Darshanaat Abhra sadasi jananaat Kamalaalaye l


Kashyaam tu maraNaan muktih smaraNaat Arunachale ll
l
ll

A panoramic view
of the famous
Chidambaram
temple, where Lord
Shiva is seen as
Nataraja. Among
the kshetras it is
known as the
Akasha (or abhra)
kshetra.

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This sloka mentions Chidambaram, Kashi, Arunachaleswara
(Thiruvannamalai) and finally Kamalalaya. The last is another name for the
holy city of Thiruvarur, which is known for its annual chariot festival. In fact,
when something or someone is moving very slowly and deliberately, it is
referred to (mockingly) as Thiruvaarur chariot. There is an ancient Shiva
temple in that city, which I visited for the first time in 2011. (BTW, it was sad
to see this ancient and historic temple in a greatly dilapidated state.)

This temple city is also renowned as being the birthplace of three great
Carnatic music stalwarts: The musical saint Thyagaraja, Muthuswamy
Dikshitar, and Shyama Sastri. ( birthplace of Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar
and Syama Sastri, popularly known as the Trinity of Carnatic music, see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiruvarur )

Tiruvarur Temple Chariot Festival 2010 Thiruvarur Temple Outer Praharam

Abhra refers to the sky, or Akasha. Chidambaram is known as the Akasha


kshetram. We come across this word also in the dhyanam sloka of VishNu
sahastranamam (shubraih abhrair adabrair upari viracitair mukta
peeyoosha varshaih). The five gross elements (panca boothas, sky, water,
fire, air, and earth) are represented, respectively, in the five Shiva
kshetrams of Chidambaram, Tiruvanaikkovil (on the other side of
Srirangam), Tiruvannamali, Kalahasti (near Tirupati) and Kanchipuram, see
following from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srikalahasti_Temple

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Kalahasti is one of the five major Shiva temples (Pancha Bhoota Sthalam),
representing each of the five major elements - Wind. The five elements are,

1. Earth – Telugu: (bhoomi),Tamil: (Nilam) - Kanchipuram -


Ekambareswarar Temple
2. Water – Telugu: (Jalamu), Tamil: (Neer) - Thiruvanaikaval -
Jambukeswara Temple
3. Fire – Telugu: (Agni),Tamil: (Nerupu) - Tiruvannamalai -
Annamalaiyar Temple
4. Wind – Telugu: (Vaayuvu),Tamil: (Kaatru) - Srikalahasti

5. Sky – Telugu: (Akaasam), Tamil: (Vaan) - Chidambaram -


Chidambaram Temple

Nataraja with Vyaghrapada and


Patanjali (left) and his consort
Parvati (right)

Lord Nataraja at the Chitsabhai in Chidambaram. To the left of the Lord's idol is the Chidambara
Rahasya - represented by strands of gold Vilva leaves. To the right is the idol of His Consort
Goddess Sivagamasundari

One gets moksha just by having darshan (darshanaat, i.e., seeing or a


glimpse) of Lord Shiva in Chidambaram. It is the place where we see Lord

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Shiva as Nataraja, performing His cosmic dance which attracts all the
celestials. They all come to witness it. So, this place is called the great
assembly (sabha). In his article Kanchi Paramacarya also refers to the
Shree Rudram (3rd anuvakam) where we encounter Sabhaabhyah
Sabhaapatibhyash ca vo namo namo. The sabha here refers to the great
assembly of all the celestials to witness Lord Shiva cosmic dance at
Chidambaram and Sabhapati, of course, is Nataraja, the Lord of this Divine
Assembly. Hence, one will get moksha with just a glimpse of Lord Shiva in
Chidambaram.

Likewise, it is stated that one gets moksha if one dies (maraNaat) in Kashi.
During my very first visit to Kashi earlier this year (in Jan 2011), I remember
witnessing at least two bodies being carried away (they usually throw the
body into the Holy Ganga, in Kashi) for final rites. Blessed are such souls to
depart from this earth at Kashi.

And, one gets moksha just by remembering (smaraNaat) Arunachaleswara,


Lord Shiva as He appears in the Agni kshetra of Tiruvannamalai. The
annual Bharani deepam, or Annamalai deepam festival (in Nov-Dec each
year) attracts thousands of devotees to this holy Shiva kshetram. Blessed
are such devotees who can both see Lord Shiva there and remember him
too by recalling their visit and blessed also are those who can just
remember, even if they have never visited.

Finally, comes the fourth ksetram, Kamalaalaya, which means the abode
of Kamala. This refers to the holy temple at Tiruvaarur. Just being born
(jananaat) in this holy city grants one moksha, according to this sloka.
Within this ancient Shiva temple, there is a temple known as Kamalambal
temple. The Devi here is all three Goddesses of Hinduism Unified into one
(Ka-Kalaimagal meaning Saraswathi; Ma-Malaimagal meaning Parvathi
and La-Alaimagal meaning Lakshmi). Hence, KaMaLa + aalaya (abode) in
the above sloka. This Kamalambal temple is considered to be one of the 64
Shakti Peedams (see travelogue below).

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http://travel.bhushavali.com/2010/12/tiruvarur-temple-tour-part-iii.html

The three great stalwarts of Carnatic music, whose compositions are to be


found in Sanskrit and the three great Southern languages – Kannada,
Telugu, Tamil (although relatively few), were all born in Tiruvaarur.

In the article (see end), written by a young woman who came to see the
Kanchi Paramacarya, the sage recalls this sloka during their conversation.
She was a student of music and also had some artistic abilities. She had
prepared a sketch of the three musicians and took it with her to get the
blessings of Paramacarya. Her mother was planning a visit to Kanchi to
seek an audience with the sage. She asked this young woman to join her.

Much to her surprise, the sage saw the sketch of the three music stalwarts
and started speaking to this young woman and enquired about her studies.
He also pointed out an error made by her in how Muthuswamy Dikshitar
was depicted in the sketch and asked the young woman to correct it and
bring it back and show it to him during her next visit. (It has to do with how
the veena that Dikshitir used to play was depicted. The “yaali” of the veena,
see sketch, was depicted facing down. Dikshitir’s veena yalli was always
facing up. The veena was supposed to be a divine veena, a gift from
Gangadevi Herself.)

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http://www.angelfire.com/musicals/kallidaih
ari/dikshithar_profile.HTML

Parts of Saraswati Veena


http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1ns1t/Vee
naBasics/resources/3.htm

http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/04/15/stories/
2011041550550200.htm

During the conversation, the sage mentions


this sloka to bring about the greatness of
Tiruvaarur, the birthplace of the three music
stalwarts. Although their immortal
(Carnatic) musical works were in different
Southern languages, they were all born in
Tamilnadu, in this holy Shiva kshetram. So,
the Kanchi sage told her that Tamilnadu
can rightly take pride as being virtually the
birthplace of Carnatic music itself.

Interestingly, in the article, the young


woman mentions that she had gotten into a debate (or rather friendly
argument), with some fellow students in college on this exact point a few
days earlier and was upset about it. She was trying to convince her fellow
students about the unique place of Tamilnadu in the world of Carnatic
music. And, quite surprisingly, now the sage of Kanchi was pointing her to
an apparent resolution of this nagging point of the debate she had. (Do
read the original Tamil article; this is mainly about the sloka above!)

It is often noted that the sage of Kanchi was a real modern day seer and a
trikaala jnani (one who knows past, present, and future) and knew many
things through his divine vision. He would often confound those who visit
him with such “miracles”.

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I can recall my own experience too in this regard. He did NOT speak to me
directly. He was observing a vow of silence at that time but looked at me
and accepted the invitations to the 60th birthday celebrations of one of my
father’s cousins (back in 1984). I was on my way to Kanchi and was asked
by the family to present the printed invitations (before they were mailed out)
to the sage and, following tradition, seek his blessings for the auspicious
once-in-a-lifetime event.

On that day, until I came up to him, he had held his head down and did not
even look at anyone. I observed this myself since there was a long line of
devotees waiting their turn. When I came to offer my obeisances, he
quickly lifted his head and looked straight at me, as if asking me to talk to
him. I presented what I had, did my namaskarams, and sought his
blessings for the 60th birthday celebrations of my father’s cousin.

I still remember the joy my father’s cousin and his family felt when I related
this story to them when I returned to Chennai (of the sage looking at me
and my speaking to him directly, his assistants were doing it for others who
wanted to convey messages they wanted the sage to hear). I also
remember they all told me that I made a very BIG mistake in what I did.

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My father’s cousin, in particular, rebuked me for not introducing myself
properly. He said that the sage knew my late grandfather (after whom I am
named) personally and told me that I should have mentioned that I was his
grandson. The reception I received might have been even more startling.

Needless to say, the trikaala jnani sage did NOT need any such reminder
from me. That is how I felt then, and even more so now, as I have grown
older! I was also told that just his glance was enough. The mere fact that he
lifted his head to look at me was enough.

Darshanaat abhra sadasi … that abhra sadas must have moved to


Kanchi at that moment! The blessings of that moment continue to this day.

Very sincerely

V. Laxmanan
Sep 29, 2011

Other internet references to this sloka:

http://www.indiadivine.org/audarya/advaita-vedanta/145910-digest-
paramacharyas-discourses-unification-advaita-shaktism.html

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/advaitin/message/22406

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arunAchalA, or 'Hill of Wisdom', represents the Agni (Fire) tatvam in the pancha
bhUta sthalAs of Lord Shiva (places of worship where Lord Shiva manifested
Himself as one of the five elements). It was here that Lord Shiva resolved a dispute
between Brahma and Vishnu as to who was the superior one by appearing as a
column of light and then, in response to their prayers, manifested Himself as
Arunachala. The temple, one of the largest (25 acres) and oldest in all of South
India, is located in a town called Tiruvannamalai, 120 miles southwest of Chennai.

Many songs have been composed in praise of Lord Arunachala. Sri Muthuswami
Dikshitar, in his panchalinga krithis, has composed arunAchala nAtham in the
ragam sArangA. Here is a rendition of this song by the Hyderabad Brothers,
Seshachari and Raghavachari.

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It is said that there are three major pilgrimage methods to achieve liberation from the cycle
of life, death and rebirth. The first of these is by meditating within the Virupaksha Cave on
Mount Arunachala (where Sri Ramana Maharishi lived from 1899 to 1916 in solitude). The
second is by climbing to the top of Arunchala Hill's holy peak. The third method, adopted by
many, is the custom of Giri Valam or Giripradakshinam, which is circumambulating the base
of the Arunachala Hill.

Muthuswami Dikshitar - The Eternal Pilgrim


www.sangeethamshare.org/sunil/.../dIkshithar-life-Biography.doc

File Format: Microsoft Word - Quick View


The puranas have declared that birth at Tiruvarur, darshan of Chidambaram, thinking ..... 'smaraNAt
kaivalyaprada caraNAravindam' (the Lotus-Feet that bestow ...

Arunachaleshwara Temple

http://www.somasthyagaraja.com/2008_03_01_archive.html

"By seeing Chidambaram, by being born in Tiruvarur, by dying in Kasi, or by merely thinking of
Arunachala, one will surely attain Liberation."
- Arunachala Mahatmyam by Sri Ramana Maharishi

http://travel.sulekha.com/a-view-of-chidambaram-temples_chidambaram-
video-21408.htm

http://travel.sulekha.com/natarajar-temple_chidambaram-video-10817.htm

The song accompanying this video mentions the cosmic dance of Shiva.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6B9Qe89YEU&feature=player_detailpa
ge

Beautiful video about darshanam at Chidambaram

Amba chidambaraa naada nateshwari


Ambana kaadhali Devi sarveshwari |
Shambhu mohini Shantha dayaamani
Dhukkha bhedhinee Shoka nivaarini ||

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKIo3-2MNf8&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JalH-kfDjRI&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUGg29s0IQs&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFhaPTtEDTs&feature=related

A view of Kashi
temples – Bank of
the Holy Ganga.

Steps (called ghats)


lead down to the
river and boats ferry
pilgrims up and down
and across the river
for the darshan and
the holy dip in the
Ganga (much more
convenient on the
other bank).

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http://www.shaivam.org/siddhanta/sp/spjyoti_vishvesh.htm

Kashi SHRI VISHWESHWAR (Varanasi)

sAnandamAnandavane vasanta mAnandakandaM hatapApavR^indam |


vArANasInAthamanAthanAthaM shrIvishvanAthaM sharaNaM prapadye ||

Location of Kashi Vishvanath Jyothirlinga


Where the Varana and Asi rivers join the Ganges, a beautiful city was built there in the ancient
times. It was named Varanasi. A tribe called kasha used to live. Therefore, Varanasi was also
known as Kashi. Near Kashi, Ganga flows in the shape of a bow. Hence it acquired special
importance. A king called Deivodas expanded this area. Varanasi is located in the state of Uttar
Pradesh, in the Gangetic plains.

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The 12 jyotirlinga temples
http://www.shaivam.org/siddhanta/sp/spjyoti.htm
There is an sanskrit shloka that lists the twelve jyotirlinga temples. (This and the
complete dvAdasa jyotirlinga stotra could be found at Scripture Page)

“Saurashtre Somanathamcha Srisaile Mallikarjunam|


Ujjayinya Mahakalam Omkaramamaleswaram ||
Paralyam Vaidyanathancha Dakinyam Bheema Shankaram |
Setu Bandhethu Ramesam, Nagesam Darukavane||
Varanasyantu Vishwesam Tryambakam Gautameethate|
Himalayetu Kedaaram, Ghrishnesamcha shivaalaye||
Etani jyotirlingani, Saayam Praatah Patennarah|
Sapta Janma Kritam pApam, Smaranena Vinashyati||”

Mahadev, the Lord incorporates in Himself, the aura and the holiness of all the
twelve JyotirLingas. The grandeur of these places is unique. Devotees line up in
great numbers to take a look and get a Darshan of all the JyotirLingas.

Location of the jyothirlinga temples

Two on the sea shore, three on river banks, four in the heights of the mountains
and three in villages located in meadows; the twelve Jyotirlingas are spread out
like this. Every place has been described in glorious words by many detailing the
surroundings etc.

Those of us who go to these temples of Shubhankar Shankar- Jyoti-Sivasthan,


receive the holy blessings of the Lord, and come back happy, peaceful and blessed.
This in indeed depends on one’s devotion and experience too. (3, 4, 7 to visit)

1. Somnath JyotirLing in Saurashtra (Guj) √


2. Mallikarjun jyoptirling in Srisailam (A.P.) √
3. Mahakaleshwar jyotirling in Ujjain (M.P.)
4. Omkareshwar jyotirling in Shivpuri / mAmaleswara (M.P.)
5. Vaidyanath jyotirling in Parali (Mah) √
6. Nageswar jyotirling in Darukavanam <mah)< a=""> </mah)<> √

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7. Kedareswar jyotirling in Kedarnath / Himalayas (Utt)
8. Tryambakeswar jyotirling in Nasik (Mah) √
9. Rameshwar jyotirling in Setubandanam / Rameshwaram (T.N.) √
10.Bhimashankar jyotirling in Dakini (Mah) √
11.Visweswar jyotirling in Varanasi (U.P.) and √
12. Ghrishneswar jyotirling in Devasrovar (Mah). √

Sri Thripura Sundari Song


Parvatha Rajakumari Bhavaani
Bhanjaya krupya mama dhurithaani |
Dheena dayaakari poorna kataakshi
Thripura Sundari Devi Meenaakshi ||

Aarani Naaarani Kaaarani Neeli


Poorani yoga puraathana sheelee |
Shankara naayaki Shaantha maheshwari
Sundari veda vishakshini Gowree ||

Amba chidambaraa naada nateshwari


Ambana kaadhali devi sarveshwari |
Shambhu mohini Shantha dayaamani
Dhukkha bhedhinee shoka nivaarini ||

Panacha dashaakshari panjara vaasinee


Kumjitha paada Mahesha vilaasini |
Kaachni Kaamaakshi Kaashi Vishalaakshi
Kaarunya laavanya Akhilaandeshwari ||

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Death Hospitals in Kashi: For those who want Moksha

Dear All:

On the very interesting topic of getting moksha (simply by dying in Kashi), I


found an interesting article, see link below. The second link has the article
(revised somewhat) that was uploaded earlier.

http://www.mahavidya.ca/dharma-and-the-individual/death-hospitals-in-
kashi-kasi/

There are apparently "death hospitals" in Kashi where the idea of the
hospital is NOT to save a person from death but allowing them to die.
However, you can read about what is going on and decide.....

Among devout VaishNavites, there is a similar belief that dying in


Srirangam guarantees moksha and I have heard about at least one person
who refused to leave Srirangam and then actually died there on Vaikunta
Ekadasi (in Srirangam it was next day, according to all these "calendar"
calculations). However, I am not aware of any "death hospitals" in
Srirangam to date.

The MaNikarnika ghat in Kashi, mentioned here, is a highly


recommended place to visit (unfortunately, I did not, too late when I found
out) and take a dip in the Holy Ganga there. It is believed that Lord and
Shiva and Parvati also personally visit that place.

Likewise, dying in Mathura is believed to guarantee moksha. This is


described nicely in a composition known as Mathura Mahatmyam.

http://nitaaiveda.com/All_Scriptures_By_Acharyas/Rupa_Goswami/9_1e_1
b_.htm

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Glories of Mathura from Mathura Mahatmyam
Text 1

harir api bhajamanebhyah


prayo muktim dadati na tu bhaktim
vihita-tad-unnati-satram
mathure dhanyam namami tvam

harir-Hari; api-even; bhajamanebhyah -worshiping; prayah-for the most part;


muktim-liberation; dadati-gives; na-not; tu-but; bhaktim-bhakti; vihita-placed; tad-
unnati-satram-great sacrifice; mathure-in Mathura; dhanyam-auspicious; namami-
obeisances; tvam-to you.

Generally Lord Hari gives mukti, but not bhakti, to his worshipers. O Mathura, to
you, who gives a great sacrifice of pure bhakti and who are very auspicious, I offer my
respectful obeisances.

Text 12

namani grihnatam asyah


sadaiva tv amhasah kshayah
sada krita-yugam catra
sada caivottarayanam

namani-names; grihnatam-taking; asyah-of it; sada-always; eva-indeed; tu-


certainly; amhasah-sins; kshayah-destroyed; sada-always; krita-yugam-Satya-yuga; ca-
and; atra-here; sada-always; ca-and; eva-indeed; uttarayanam-Uttarayana.

For one who always chants the name of Mathura sins are always destroyed. For
him it is always Satya-yuga. For him it is always the auspicious time of Uttarayana.

Text 84

moksha-pradatvam. adi-varahe

Šya gatir yoga-yuktasya


brahmajnasya manishinah

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sa gatis tyajatah pranan
mathurayam narasya ca

moksha-liberation; pradatvam-granting; adi-varahe-in the Adi-varaha Purana; ya-


which; gatir-destination; yoga-yuktasya-of one engaged in yoga; brahmajnasya-who
knows brahman; manishinah-wise; sa-that; gatih-destination; tyajatah-giving up;
pranan-life; mathurayam-in Mathura; narasya-of a person; ca-and.

Mathura Grants Liberation


In the Adi-varaha Purana it is said:
The spiritual desintation attained by one who practices yoga, one who knows
Brahman, or one who is a thoughtful philosospher, is also attained by a person who
passes from this life in Mathura.

Text 85

tirthe caiva grihe vapi


catvare pathi caiva hi
yatra tatra mrita devi
muktim yanti na canyatha

tirthe-at this holy place; ca-and; eva-indeed; grihe-at home; va-or; api-and;
catvare-in a courtyard; pathi-on the road; ca-and; eva-indeed; hi-indeed; yatra-where;
tatra-there; mritah-after death; devi-O goddess; muktim-liberation; yanti-attain; na-not;
ca-and; anyatha-otherwise.

O goddess, they who die in this holy place in a home here, in a courtyard, or on the
road, attain liberation without any doubt.

Text 86

kashy-adi-puryo yadi santi loke


tasam tu madhye mathuraiva dhanya
ya janma-maunji-vrata-mrityu-dahair
nrinam caturdha vidadhati moksham

kashy-adi-puryah-beginning with Varanasi; yadi-if; santi-are; loke-in the world;


tasam-of them; tu-indeed; madhye-in the midst; mathura-Mathura; eva-indeed;

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dhanya-opulent; ya-which; janma-birth; mau{.sy 241}ji-vrata-brahminical initiation;
mrityu-of death; dahair-by the fires; nrinam-of people; caturdha-in ヘŠfour; vidadhati-
grants; moksham-liberation.

If Varanasi and other holy cities were assemnbled together on this earth Mathura
would be the greatest and most opulent amongst them. With the fires of birth, death,
or brahmnical initiation within its boundaries, Mathura grants the four kinds of
liberation.

Text 87

na yogair ya gatir labhya


manvantara-shatair api
anyatra helaya satra
labhayte mat-prasadatah

na-not; yogair-by yoga; ya-which; gatir-destination; labhya-is attained; manvantara-


shatair-in hundreds of Manvantaras; api-even; anyatra-in another place; helaya-easily;
sa-that; atra-here; labhayte-is attained; mat-prasadatah-by My mercy.

The spiritual destination that in another place cannot be attained byt practicieng
yoga for thousands of manvantaras is attainable by My mercy very easily in this place.

Text 88

na papebhyo bhayam yatra


na bhayam yatra vai yamat
na garbha-vasa-bhir yatra
tat kshetram ko na samshrayet

na-not; papebhyah-of sins; bhayam-fear; yatra-where; na-not; bhayam-fear; yatra-


where; vai-indeed; yamat-of yama; na-not; garbha-vasa-of residence in a mother's
womb; bhir-fear; yatra-where; tat kshetram-that place; kah-who?; na-not; samshrayet-
will take shelter.

Who will not take shelter of this holy place where there is no fear of sin, no fear of
Yamaraja, and no fear of residing again in a mother's womb.

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Text 89

vina sankhyena yogena


vina svatma-vicintanam
vina vrata-tapo-danaih
shreyo vai praninam iha

vina-without; sankhyena-sankhya; yogena-yoga; vina-without; svatma-vicintanam-


meditation on the Self; vina-without; vrata-vows; ヘŠtapah-austerities; danaih-and
charity; shreyah-benediction; vai-indeed; praninam-of the,living entities; iha-here.

Withyout sankhya, without yoga, without meditation on the Self, and without vows,
austerities or charity, the living entities here attain the greatest benediction.

Text 90

krimi-kita-patangadya
mathurayam mrita hi ye
kulat patanti ye vrikshas
te 'pi yanti param gatim

krimi-worms; kita-insects; patanga-birds; adya-beginning with; mathurayam-in


Mathura; mrita hi-indeed; ye-who; kulat-from the riverbanks; patanti-fall; ye-who;
vrikshahtrees; te-they; api-even; yanti-attain; param gatim-the supreme destination.

The worms, insects, birds, and other creatures who die here and the trees that fall
down from the riverbanks here, all attain the supreme destination.

Text 91

varahe

vimsha-yojana-vistaro
mathurayash ca mandalam
yatra pranan vimuncanti
siddha yanti param gatim

varahe-in the varaha Purana; vimsha-yojana-vistarah-20 yojanas in size;


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mathurayah-of Mathura; ca-and; mandalam-circle; yatra-where; pranan-life;
vimuncanti-abandon; siddhah-perfect; yanti-attain; param gatim-the supreme
destination.

In the Varaha Purana it is said:

They who die in the twenty-yojana (160 miles) area of Mathura become perfect and
attain the supreme destination.

Very sincerely

V. Laxmanan
October 12, 2011

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