More on Binders - Examples

Types Examples Short description of example

Saturated Oil Coconut oil Coconut oil is a non-drying oil derived from dry coconut. It is
rarely used by itself as a binder. It is used in making synthetic
resins, which in turn are used for making stoving paints.
Unsaturated Linseed oil Linseed oil, also called flaxseed oil, is pale yellow in colour. It
oil dries within 7 days under good drying conditions. It is
obtained from the seed of the flax plant. Linseed oil is used
on its own or blended with other oils, and used in varnish for
wood, as a pigment binder in oil paints, and as a hardener in
putty. It is used in making synthetic resins like oil modified
alkyds which are used as binder for enamels.
Natural Lac Lac is a resin that is derived from excreta of tree-feeding
Resins insects. It is used in Shellac – a varnish used to protect and
bring out the natural beauty in wood.
Copal The name copal is used for a number of natural resins
obtained from various trees in tropical and sub tropical
countries. Today, the major use of copal is as a varnish for
wood and paper as well as in road-marking paints,
Rosin Rosin is a solid form of resin obtained from pines and some
other plants. This resin is used in varnishes due to its low
cost and combining properties.
Synthetic Epoxy Epoxy resins are synthetic resins. They are quick drying and
Resins have good resistance to high temperatures. They have
excellent chemical and solvent resistance. Hence they are
used in surface coatings to provide a hard, durable and rust-
proof surface – for instance in paint for ships, primers for
cars, etc.
Amino These are resins which are derived from Nitrogen compounds
containing the amine radical (-NH2). These resins are used in
combination with alkyd resins for stoving paints but can also
be used for air drying coatings by using acid catalyst.
Polyurethanes Polyurethane resins are synthetic resins containing urethane
group. These resins have excellent properties of non-
yellowing, gloss and hardness. They are frequently used as
paints for boats and marine applications.
Acrylic Acrylic resins are synthetic resins that exhibit good light
fastness. They also possess excellent adhesion, durability,
washability and alkali resistance. They are used in emulsion
paints and quick-drying undercoats.
Cellulose Cellulose is an essential constituent of the fibrous tissue of all
plants and is obtained in its purest form from cotton plant.
Nitrocellulose resin is prepared by treating cellulose with
nitric acid in the presence of sulphuric acid. Nitrocellulose is
used for fast drying auto finishes as well as in wood finishes.
Oil-modified Alkyds Alkyds form the largest group of synthetic resins used in the
Resins paint industry. Chemically they are oil-modified polyesters.
Most of the properties of alkyds are determined by the type
and quantity of oil used during its manufacture. Alkyds have
very good flexibility and good durability. Alkyds are used in all
enamels.