Professional Documents
Culture Documents
�PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION�
�KOUNIN'S
) MGT MODEL (1970)
✔Thrust -- teacher interrupts students engaged in activities w/o considering whether the student is
ready or not.
✔Truncations -- teacher does not return to current act. after being interrupted.
✔Overdwelling -- teacher focuses on a certian topic that will lead to too much time consupmtion, the
lesson will slow down.
✔Fragmentation -- chunks of lesson for students to understand his/her lesson effectively or breakibg
down of act. to cause too much time.
✔Flip Flop -- teacher changes its activity from current activity to new one and vice versa
William james, G. Stanley Hall, James M. Cattell.... these three promote "functionalism psychology
✔Charles darwin = theories to mental characteristics as human think, feel & behave(" evolutionary
psychology")
✔Ulf von Euler discovered "norepinephrine" bringing our nervous system into "high alert" ✔Arvid
Carlsson discovered "dopamine" the reward mechanisms in the brain
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IDEALISM -- plato
REALIAM -- aristotle
EMPIRICISM -- locke
PRAGMATISM -- dewey
EXISTENTIALISM -- hegel
ESSENTIALISM -- bagley
PERENNIALISM -- hutchins
PROGRESSIVISM -- dewey
RECONSTRUCTIONALISM -- brameld
PURPOSIVISM -- hormic
� -IS
M M
✔NATURALISM -- only nature exist, nature is better than civilization (NATURALESA ng isang BAGAY)
✔IDEALISM -- spiritual, values, moral, socratic method
✔REALISM -- natural world, values arenatural and absolute, reality exist undercieved
✔ESSENTIALISM -- 3r's (4r's ngayon), achievement test, certain knowledge&skills are essential for
rational being.
✔PROGRESSIVISM -- process of development, higher level of knowledge, the child's need and interest
are relevant to curriculum.
✔EXISTENTIALISM -- knowledge is subjective, man shapes his being as he lives, we are what we do,
deciding precedes knowing.
✔PERENNIALISM -- education that last for century, universalist, knowledge is eternally valid.
✔RECONSTRUCTUONALISM -- the school should help rebuild the social order thus social change.
✔PURPOSIVISM -- individual hormones are responsible for the motive to strive towards fulfillment of
his/her objective.
✔PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- reality is what verifiable, truth correspondes to reality, usage determines
meaning
��REPUBLIC ACTS��
6728 -- GASTPE
4090 -- creating a state scholarship council to intergrate, systematize, administer and implement all
program scholarships and appropriating funds.
6850 -- an act to grant Civil Service eligibility under certain conditions to Gov. employees appointed
under provisionap or temporary status who rendered 7 years of efficient service
7797 -- lengthen the school prog. to 200 days and not more than 220 days
8190 -- act of granting priority to residents of the brgy. where school is located in the appointment and
assignment of school.
7624 -- integrating of drug prevention and control in the intermediate & secondary curricula and
indigeneous learning system
7743 -- act providing libraries and reading centers throughout the Ph.
Executive Order (E.O.) 66 -- rule of cancellation of classes due to typhoon, flooding and other calamities.
✔SIGMUND FREUD -- "the mind is like an iceberg, it floats with one-seventh of its bulk avove water.
�COMPONENTS
Y OF PERSONALITY
ID -- pleasure center
Odipus complex - son vs father towards mother/wife feelings . (excessive attachment)(Phallic stage)
Personality Dynamics
LIFE INSTINCT
DEATH INSTINCT
===================================
✔ERIK ERICKSON -- "healthy children will not fear in their elders have integrity enough to fear of death.
�PSYCHOSOCIAL
T STAGES of DEVT
CRISIS -- a person goes through
MALIGNACY -- "
Outcome: Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of
independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
Outcome: Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this
stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval,
resulting in a sense of guilt.
Outcome: Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of
competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Outcome: Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay
true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
Outcome: Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to
strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Outcome: Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or
creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and
accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world.
Outcome: Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage
leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.
===================================
✔LEV VYGOTSKY -- "the teacher must orient his work not on yesterday's devt in the childs but on
tomorrow's.
SCAFFOLDING -- is the systematic manner of providing assistance of the learners to effectively acquire
skills.
===================================
✔JEAN PIAGET -- " the school should be creating men & women who are capable of doing new things
not simply repeating what other generation have done.
�STAGES
. OF COGNITIVE DEVT.
PRE-OPERATIONAL ( 2-7y/o) -- pretent to play but still struggle with logic,mental symbols interest.
CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11) -- think logically, hypothetically and concepts, solve problems
FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-UP) -- deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas, think
symbolically.
===================================
✔LAWRENCE KOHLBERG -- "right action tends to be defined in terms of general individual rights and
standards that have been critically examined & agreed upon by the whole society.
�LEVELS
. OF MORAL DEVT.
POST-CONVENTIONAL -- social contract and individual rights , universal principles, set of values and
beliefs.
==================================
✔URIE BROFENBRENNER --
�ECOLOGICAL
Y SYSTEM THEORY
EXOSYSTEM -- includes other people and places that the child herself may not interact with often herself
but that still have a large effect on her.
Outcome: Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of
independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
Outcome: Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of
competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Outcome: Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay
true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
Outcome: Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to
strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Outcome: Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or
creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and
accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world.
Outcome: Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage
leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.
===================================
✔LEV VYGOTSKY -- "the teacher must orient his work not on yesterday's devt in the childs but on
tomorrow's.
SCAFFOLDING -- is the systematic manner of providing assistance of the learners to effectively acquire
skills.
===================================
✔JEAN PIAGET -- " the school should be creating men & women who are capable of doing new things
not simply repeating what other generation have done.
�STAGES
. OF COGNITIVE DEVT.
PRE-OPERATIONAL ( 2-7y/o) -- pretent to play but still struggle with logic,mental symbols interest.
CONCRETE OPERATIONAL (7-11) -- think logically, hypothetically and concepts, solve problems
FORMAL OPERATIONAL (11-UP) -- deductive reasoning and understanding of abstract ideas, think
symbolically.
===================================
✔LAWRENCE KOHLBERG -- "right action tends to be defined in terms of general individual rights and
standards that have been critically examined & agreed upon by the whole society.
�LEVELS
. OF MORAL DEVT.
POST-CONVENTIONAL -- social contract and individual rights , universal principles, set of values and
beliefs.
✔URIE BROFENBRENNER --
MACROSYSTEM -- which is the largest and most remote set of people and places and things to a child but
which still has a great influence over the child.
: environment affects child's personality : learninh occurs by simply observing people, people learned
from what they see and the consequences of what they did
✔LEANING TO KNOW -- focuses on combining broad gen. knowledge and basic educ. with the
opportunity to work on a small number of subjects in the light of rapid changes brought about by
scientific progress ang new forms of economic and social acitivity.
❇Learning how to learn and to discover, as to benefit from ongoing educational opportunities
continuously arising throughout life.
❇being receptive to others and encounter others through dialogue and debate.
�COGNITIVE
E PERSPECTVE : GESTALT PRINCIPLE
✅the focus of this theory is on Perception and how people assign meaning to visual stimuli "The whole
is more than the sum of all parts"
LAW OF PROXIMITY -- elements that are closer together be percieved as a coherent object.
LAW OF CONTINUATION -- patterns establish an impled direction, people tend a good continous line.
LAW OF FIGURE/GROUND -- we tend to pay attention and percieved things in the foreground first.
INSIGHT LEARNING -- Gestalt adheres to the idea of learning takes place by discovery.
✔Ripple Effect -- spreading effect of series of consequences caused by singlr action or event.
✔Hawthorne Effect -- type of reactivity effect in which individuals improve an aspect of their behavior in
response to their awareness of being observed.
✔Halo Effect -- cognitive bias which an observer overall impression of a person, influences the observers
feeling and thoughts about the entity's character or property